List of Archived Posts

2012 Newsgroup Postings (07/25 - 08/17)

Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
printer history Languages influenced by PL/1
Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
International Business Marionette
Sandy Weill's About-Face on Big Banks
Slackware
Obama Was Right: The Government Invented the Internet
The Secret Consensus Among Economists
Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
International Business Marionette
Microsoft's Downfall: Inside the Executive E-mails and Cannibalistic Culture That Felled a Tech Giant
Breakdown of the $26 Trillion the Federal Reserve Handed Out to Save Incompetent, but Rich Investors
a clock in it, was Re: Interesting News Article
1132 printer history
SnOODAn: Boyd, Snowden, and Resilience
Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
Four Signs Your Awesome Investment May Actually Be A Ponzi Scheme
How to Stuff a Wild Duck
How to Stuff a Wild Duck
Two Articles of Interest on Culture and Things to Look For
How to Stuff a Wild Duck
A debate on JES2 versus JES3 and IBM's continued support for both products
How to Stuff a Wild Duck
History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
Why is it taboo to signify the role of spirtuality in shaping our values
History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
Using NOTE and POINT simulation macros on CMS?
History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
Has anyone looked at ORIENTATION using the metaphor of 'An Adaptive Toolbox'?
Race Against the Machine
If all of the American earned dollars hidden in off shore accounts were uncovered and taxed do you think we would be able to close the deficit gap?
Four Signs Your Awesome Investment May Actually Be A Ponzi Scheme
History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
Core characteristics of resilience
Cloud Computing
The IBM "Open Door" policy
Core characteristics of resilience
Slackware
If all of the American earned dollars hidden in off shore accounts were uncovered and taxed do you think we would be able to close the deficit gap?
Slackware
T-carrier
1132 printer history
1132 printer history
1132 printer history
1132 printer history
Crovitz Who Really Invented the Internet?
1132 printer history
1132 printer history
Simulated PDP-11 Blinkenlight front panel for SimH
1132 printer history
1132 printer history
1132 printer history
1132 printer history
Core characteristics of resilience
Party like it's 1999; CDE Unix desktop REBORN
Any cool anecdotes IBM 40yrs of VM
How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
The Perils of Content, the Perils of the Information Age
Coping With the Bounds: Speculations on Nonlinearity in Military Affairs
ESCON
ESCON
END OF FILE
How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
Any cool anecdotes IBM 40yrs of VM
END OF FILE
Unthinkable, Predictable Disasters
What's the bigger risk, retiring too soon, or too late?
END OF FILE
ESCON
END OF FILE
Romney and Ryan's Phony Deficit-Reduction Plan
360/20, was 1132 printer history
1132 printer history
END OF FILE
Does anyone remember what mainframe backup products were for VMs around 2000/2001
Did Bill Gates Steal the Heart of DOS?
1132 printer history
OT: Physics question and Star Trek
Cultural attitudes towards failure
1132 printer history
Auditors Don't Know Squat!
Auditors Don't Know Squat!
1132 printer history
360/20, was 1132 printer history
S/360 I/O activity
Did Bill Gates Steal the Heart of DOS?

Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 25 Jul 2012 08:11:02 -0700
John.McKown@HEALTHMARKETS.COM (McKown, John) writes:
What, no mention of CP/M-86? I don't think that MP/M ever had a x86 version. I do remember running Pick on my XT clone. Now that was a weird beastie. And you totally ignored things like the Amiga. I loved what I saw of that software. I wish now that my boss at the time hadn't convinced me to go with an XT clone.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#98 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

other folklore trivia from silicon valley ... long ago and far away at some silicon valley watering hole gathering of current & former people working on vm370 ... talking to some vm370 sysprog that had worked at another vendor ... described how he had done the mp/m implementation.

for another article drifing back to the original post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#83 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

Obama Was Right: The Government Invented the Internet; Don't believe the outrageous conservative claim that every tech innovation came from private enterprise.
http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/technology/2012/07/who_invented_the_internet_the_outrageous_conservative_claim_that_every_tech_innovation_came_from_private_enterprise_.html

above also references:

Brief History of the Internet
http://www.internetsociety.org/internet/internet-51/history-internet/brief-history-internet
History of the Internet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Internet

a similar discussion played out in a.f.c. in the late 90s ... part of the posts in that discussion archived here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/internet.htm

as an aside ... during the 90s, the RFC (internet standards) "editor" (Jon Postel) ... use to let me do part of the updates for the periodic STD1

other posts in this thread:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#84 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#87 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#88 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#89 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#90 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#93 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#94 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#97 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 25 Jul 2012 11:09:01 -0700
lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) writes:
cp67 not just npg ... but also various other places ... also gone 404 but lives on at the wayback machine
https://web.archive.org/web/20090117083033/http://www.nsa.gov/research/selinux/list-archive/0409/8362.shtml


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#98 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

majority of the internal network was vm370 ... since MVS/JES2 nodes had to be relegated to mostly boundary nodes ... JES2 was unable to define the complete network and had unpleasant characteristic of discarding traffic if the origin &/or destination node wasn't in its local table. Also JES2 had periodic characteristic of crashing MVS ... when it received traffic that originated from JES2 at different release level (in fact, there was large library of VNET NJI drivers to talk to JES2 that specifically reformated traffic originating at other JES2 nodes to try and prevent MVS systems from crashing). also mentioned in this recent post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#90 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

this old post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#18 Unbelievable

references:
On p. 13 of The REXX Language by M.F. Cowlishaw, there's a reference to how the development was done. "IBM has an internal network, known as VNET, that links over 1600 mainframe computers in 45 countries." That book is dated 1985.

... but 1600 count would have been when book was written & before actual publication date.

this old post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#26 DEC eNet: was Vnet : Unbelievable.

has this statistic


BITNET    435
ARPAnet  1155
CSnet     104 (excluding ARPAnet overlap)
VNET     1650
EasyNet  4200
UUCP     6000
USENET   1150 (excluding UUCP nodes)

... snip ...

also from sometime in 1985 (up from 1000 nodes in 1983). But there are also references by end of 1985 there was 2000 nodes on the internal network ... referenced in this old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#email850625

However, the arpanet/internet was rapidly increasing and sometime either late '85 or early '86 passed the internal network in number of network nodes. post containing the 25Jun85 email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#50 The Future of CPUs: What's After Multi-Core?

references 435 BITNET nodes on 18Jan1985, 1155 arpanet nodes 22Jan1985 and by 1988 there were 2691 nodes (BITNET/NETNORTH/EARN).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet

Big boost for arpanet/internet growth was switch-over to internetworking protocol on 1jan1983 (and off the IMP-based arpanet ... approx. only 100 IMP nodes and 255 hosts on 1jan1983).

The other factor in internet exceeding size of internal network ... was the communication group trying to preserve its dumb terminal oriented paradigm ... with the internal network being restricted to mainframe hosts ... while the internet nodes were starting to include a growing number of workstation and PC nodes. there were numerous efforts by communication group to protect their dumb terminal paradigm and terminal emulation install base ... also discussed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#90 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 25 Jul 2012 14:36:57 -0400
Jim Haynes <jhaynes@alumni.uark.edu> writes:
It's been a long time since I looked at a WSJ, but even years ago it seemed to me that the front-page articles were pretty solid, while the editorial page was pure fantasy.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#83 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

this has been getting quite a bit more play (with various thread drifts) in bit.listserv.ibm-main (aka ibm-main mailing list) ... various archived posts:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#87 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#88 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#90 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#93 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#94 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#97 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#98 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#0 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#1 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

there has been some activity coming down on all sides of the wsj article ... for instance

Obama Was Right: The Government Invented the Internet; Don't believe the outrageous conservative claim that every tech innovation came from private enterprise.
http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/technology/2012/07/who_invented_the_internet_the_outrageous_conservative_claim_that_every_tech_innovation_came_from_private_enterprise_.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

printer history Languages influenced by PL/1

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: printer history Languages influenced by PL/1
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers, comp.lang.pl1
Date: Wed, 25 Jul 2012 18:45:30 -0400
Shmuel (Seymour J.) Metz <spamtrap@library.lspace.org.invalid> writes:
The unbuffered IBM 2741 and its clones were fairly common for use with time-sharing systems, but I'd wait for a 3270 rather than endure the available 2741; it was just too slow. The buffered 2740 and 1050 may have been more common in business applications.

depends what you got use to ... all was half-duplex and one of the human factors problems with the 3270 was that the keyboard was normally locked ... so if you were trying to do interactive computing ... and happened to be typing at the instant that the system decided to update the screen ... things would lock up and would have to hit the reset button ... destroying interactive computing rhythm. For 3272/3277 with the electronics in the head ... it was possible to do some hacks ... one was a FIFO box that fit inside the head, unplug the keyboard, plug in the box and plug the keyboard into the box ... it would queue keystrokes it the system wasn't ready to accept them at the particular moment ... it was also possible to hack the keyboard to change the repeat key delay and the repeat key rate.

3274/3278 move lots of electronics back into the (shared) controller ... significantly slowing down things and eliminating possibility of fixing the more annoying human factors (part of significantly reducing the manufacturing cost of the terminal). we complained a lot to kingston (communication group before they moved to raleigh) ... and eventually got a responses that 3274/3278 wasn't designed for interactive computing ... but for data-entry. much later PC terminal emulation with emalated 3277 card could do 3-4 times the upload/download speed of emulated 3278 card (significantly larger amount of coax protocol chatter between 3274 & 3278 because so much electronics had been moved back into the controller).

early 80s comparison of 3272/3277 and 3274/3278 in this post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#19 3270 protocol

of course all of this was local channel attached controllers.

once accustomed to local channel attach 3272/3277 ... remote 3274 could become unbearable. This came up when STL development lab was becoming exceedingly croweded ... and they decided to move 300 people from the IMS group to offsite building ... with remote access back to STL datacenter. The IMS people was use to local vm370/cms channel attached human factors and found the remote 3270 tests totally intolerable. I got sucked into doing software for supporting channel extender (running over microwave, collins digital radio) ... local channel simulation and local channel attached controllers at the offsite building.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 25 Jul 2012 19:10:56 -0400
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#83 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#2 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

another on the other side

No credit for Uncle Sam in creating Net? Vint Cerf disagrees
http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57479781-93/no-credit-for-uncle-sam-in-creating-net-vint-cerf-disagrees/

one of the comments in the article:
You might have ended up with OSI. Many engineers considered this to be an overly complex design and it was not very much implemented.

... snip ...

note that the federal govenment did go through period where it was mandating OSI (GOSIP) and the elimination of the internet & tcp/ip.

at interop88 ... lots of the booths were all showing OSI products ... for their government and government contract companies ... past posts mentioning interop88
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#interop88

note a slightly different variation on the XNS/IPX reference in the article.

early 80s, san jose disk division had datahub project that provided pc-server over PCNET lan (1mbit/sec, more like cable tv with head-end) implemented on 68k system with 60mbyte harddisk (

some of the software was being done in provo utah under a work-for-hire contract and somebody from san jose was commuting to provo nearly every week. over discription of datahub here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#40

I sponsored an internal adtech (advanced technology) conference March 1982 (first such internal corporate conference since circa 1976 ... one of the casualties of the failure of future system effort was lots of adtech activity, one of the presentation was datahub) .. some past refs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#22
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#4a

not long later, the disk division decided to cancel the project and allowed the company in Provo to retain rights to the software they had developed.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 25 Jul 2012 16:49:59 -0700
SBireley@ROCKETSOFTWARE.COM (Steve Bireley) writes:
About 10 years ago I was in a meeting with Vint Cerf and couple of others executive from Worldcom. One of our sales guys made a joke about Al Gore inventing the Internet. Instead of starting the meeting, Vint invited us to his office to show us pictures of him with Al Gore (and a bunch of other famous people), and gave us a short history lesson of the Internet and the large role Al Gore played in making the Internet available to the public instead of keeping it for the military and academia. Though Al's role was only legislative, I found it interesting that Vint Cerf gave him so much credit.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#83 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

as referenced upthread and old email, the NSFNET backbone funding was coming out of funding for the supercomputing efforts to promote better USA global computing competitiveness ... originally I was going to get $20m ... but then the NSF budget got cut and corporate politics prevented me from doing anything directly (and the communication group was spreading mis-information about how SNA would apply to NSFNET backbone).

some other articles starting to appear ... like

Obama Was Right: The Government Invented the Internet; Don't believe the outrageous conservative claim that every tech innovation came from private enterprise.
http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/technology/2012/07/who_invented_the_internet_the_outrageous_conservative_claim_that_every_tech_innovation_came_from_private_enterprise_.html

and

No credit for Uncle Sam in creating Net? Vint Cerf disagrees
http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57479781-93/no-credit-for-uncle-sam-in-creating-net-vint-cerf-disagrees/

one of the comments in the article:
You might have ended up with OSI. Many engineers considered this to be an overly complex design and it was not very much implemented.

... snip ...

I would suggest that one of the contributing factors for internet breaking free for commercial use ... was federal government started to mandate OSI (GOSIP) and the elimination of internet/tcpip. at interop88, lots of booths were showing OSI products for federal gov. & federal gov. contractor customers. misc. past posts mentioning interop88
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#interop88

the other issue was there were a lot of commercial interests contributing (unfunded) resources to the NSFNET backbone with motivation to enhance environment for the development of the next generation bandwith hungry applications ... also mentioned upthread
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#88 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

browsers and html had started to appear ... and companies were being formed to produce commercial versions.

mentioned in original post, GML evolution to SGML & then HTML, as well as first webserver (on slac's vm370 system) outside europe

one of the early browsers was done at the supercomputer appication datacenter/univ (part of the NSF supercomputer effort & NSFNET backbone). people left and formed a startup in silicon valley.

for other trivia ... we are doing ha/cmp product along with cluster scale-up ... old post with reference to early jan1992 meeting in ellison's conference room
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13

old cluster scale-up related email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa

possibly within hrs of the last email in above (end Jan1992), the scale-up is transferred we are told we can't work on anything with more than four processors. within a couple weeks it is announced as supercomputer ... press item from 17Feb1992
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters1

we then decide to leave. now two of the other people in the early jan1992 meeting, also leave and join small client/server startup responsible for something called "commerce server"; we get called in to consult because they want to do payment transactions on their server; the startup had also invented technology called "SSL", the result is now frequently called "electronic commerce". The startup is also using a corporate name that was used at the supercomputer application datacenter/univ ... the univ objects. One of the major router vendors in silicon valley has an unused trademarked name that is donated for the startups new name.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 25 Jul 2012 18:02:48 -0700
James.L.Campbell@IRS.GOV (Campbell Jay) writes:
"The Cookoo's Egg" by Cliff Stoll Google it... PDF Damn good read.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#5 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

slightly earlier
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hackers:_Heroes_of_the_Computer_Revolution

led to this in silicon valley
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hackers_Conference

then during the period of this
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cuckoo%27s_Egg_%28book%29

the events were leaking into the press and cbs 60mins wants to do a segment on the conference (many of the whitehats attend the conference). there is couple month negotiation about 60mins not doing a "hack" job on the conference ... we are the good guys. Then they air the segment about secret group in santa cruz mountains plotting to take over the world. following year there is conference t-shirt
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/cbst.jpg

no cbs tshirt

other OSI trivia ... person responsible for UUCP ... see network counts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#1 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

he moved to silicon valley in the 80s and was behind XTP. I finagle getting on the XTP technical advisery board over extreme objections from the communication group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006i.html#email890901

other old xtp related email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009q.html#email881113
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#email890424
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007.html#email911004

an effort is made to take XTP to ANSI x3s3.3 for standarization as high-speed protocol ANSI x3s3.3 is ISO chartered standards group responsible for standards related to level 3&4 (in OSI model). ISO requires that standard work is only done for items that correspond to OSI model. Work on high-speed protocol is rejected because:

1) it supports internetworking protocol. internetworking protocol doesn't exist in OSI ... sitting in non-existent place between top of level 3 and bottom of level 4

2) it goes directly from transport to LAN/MAC interface bypassing level3/level4 interface

3) it supports LAN/MAC interface which doesn't exist in OSI approx. correspond to somewhere in the middle of level 3.

the other observation from the period was that ISO doesn't require a implementation to have a standard (or even that the standard be implementable) ... compared to IETF (standards body for internet) requires two interoperable implementations to progress in the standards process.

past posts mentioning xtp/hsp
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#xtphsp

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 26 July, 2012
Subject: Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
Blog: Boyd Strategy
re:
http://lnkd.in/ZjjQ9m
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#50 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#69 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

one of the massive problems still facing F35 is 24million lines of code (software) that requires development:
http://www.dodbuzz.com/2012/03/20/more-cost-overruns-delays-and-uncertainty-for-f-35/

by comparison this list F22 at only 1.7 million lines of code ... and predicting F35 to be 5.7million lines of code (increase of factor of approx 3&1/3rd) ... but 24million lines of code would be increase of factor of 14 times ... side-note ... software complexity tends to increase non-linearly with number of lines
http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/advanced-cars/this-car-runs-on-code/

There have been lots written about the game MICC/DOD plays with low-balling initial estimate and then finds enormous inflation and cost overruns during the project (even possibly planned failures as means of increasing flow of funds). The enormous software inflation is just another item ... although as mentioned lines-of-code complexity tends to grow much faster than linear ... as would the costs.

I would say Boyd's YF in many ways was closer to F20 than F16. Coram goes into lots of detail what the Airforce did to the YF16 ... some references implying that they were trying to make it as bad as the F15. minor reference (pg308): "Rather, it wanted to make sure the F-16 could not outperform the F-15".

Boyd's mention of verbal orders only started out describing US military entry into WW2 having to field large numbers with little no skill and needing to create a rigid, top-down, command&control structure in order to leverage the few skills available. During the briefing he would also comment that by at least the 80s, it has had significant adverse downside on US corporate culture as officers in WW2 left and started to climb corporate ladders ... striving to emulate bureaucratic culture they were taught in the military. He would also contrast the US military supporting the rigid, top-down command & control WW2 structure needing 11% officers (starting to push 20%) compared to Germany with 3%. Boyd's example of Guderian's verbal orders only during the blitzkrieg was further contrast to the US military rigid, top-down, command & control structure .... Guderian wanting/trusting the responsible person on the spot to make the best decision possible w/o having to worry about after-action criticism by people that weren't there.

"Why Nations Fail" spends quite a bit of time looking at independent action (supported by universal education) contrasted to rigid, top-down, command&control
https://www.amazon.com/Why-Nations-Fail-Prosperity-ebook/dp/B0058Z4NR8

One of the examples, was that English 1607 Jamestown settlement started out emulating the Spanish model ... enslave the local inhabitants and live off their efforts. However, the local inhabitants didn't cooperate and the settlement almost starved the first two years. They then started sending over people ("leet-man") from the British isles to fill the role (charters granted by English crown):
The clauses of the Fundamental Constitutions laid out a rigid social structure. At the bottom were the 'leet-men', with clause 23 noting, "All the children of leet-men shall be leet-men, and so to all generations."

My wife's father was awarded a set of (Fiske) history books (lectures from 1880) at West Point for some distinction. One of Fiske's points was that Scottish immigrants prevailed in determining the character of the country and much of the constitution ... that if the English immigrants had prevailed the character of the country would have been significantly different.

Also from Coram, pg337:
But Eisenhower did not understand this kind of conflict and, at the very moment of victory--egged on by jealous and conventional British officers--he grew afraid for Patton's flanks and supply lines and ordered Patton to stop. The Germans were amazed at the respite. One school of thought says that Eisenhower's timidity cost another six months of war and a million additional lives.

... snip ...

Funny yesterday ... possibly the primary person driving too-big-to-fail in the banks called for return to Glass-Steagall and breaking up the big banks ... of course he has gotten out with his fortune so it no longer would directly affect him. from yesterday
http://money.cnn.com/2012/07/25/news/economy/sandy-weill-banks/?hpt=hp_t3
major force behind repeal of Glass-Steagall and creating too-big-to-fail:
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/wallstreet/weill/

Boyd's reference to (rigid, top-down, command&control structure) former ww2 US military officers staring to climb corporate ladder and the down-side of their contaminating US corporate culture ... approx. corresponds to the start of this period:

America Is Broken, What Now?
http://globalguerrillas.typepad.com/globalguerrillas/2011/10/journal-why-the-us-middle-class-is-broken.html
repeat of above but includes percent of total wealth by top 1% from 1913-2007
http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2011/09/04/opinion/04reich-graphic.html
part of this article:
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/04/opinion/sunday/jobs-will-follow-a-strengthening-of-the-middle-class.html

The issue of the 24million lines of code for the F35 ... is that is is part of F35 ... with the 1.7million lines of code for the F22 ... it is significant increase ... and problems getting that many lines-of-code to operate correctly increases with complexity, which grows non-linearly (possibly closer to 100 times the problem of getting the F22 software correct not 14 times). Increasingly almost every aspect of modern life involves technology and an identified growing systemic risk is more and more is being outsourced to other countries because of the declining lack of skills in this country. The risk of getting that 24 million lines of code operational ... just adds to the continuing long list of F35 project risks and problems.

There is some overlap with the same large beltway bandits and system integrators in a long list of failed federal government data processing modernization and re-engineering efforts over the past couple decades. As a result, many of the current operational dataprocessing systems were built decades ago by baby boomers and federal government has identified retiring baby boomers as another systemic risk.

One of the things that Boyd objected to for the F16 was the addition of heads-up display ... which was used to mis-label him as anti-technology. The issue was that there was big disconnect between the technology and operating the F16, the heads-up display was showing scrolling list of digital numbers requiring expensive side-track into the "slow" part of the brain to try and relate the digital numbers to piloting ... rather than something that would augment the "fast" part of the brain.

One of the MRI studies of the brain and plasticity associated with the fast operations in the brain ... is the brain is the most energy intensive organ in the body. Adaptable "fast" operations ... besides being time efficient survival characteristic in threat situations ... they are also more energy efficient survival characteristic in resource constrained situations, especially for frequently performed operations.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

International Business Marionette

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 26 July, 2012
Subject: International Business Marionette
Blog: Greater IBM
is this the same as post/discussion from 17days ago ... or a different one? prior: International Business Marionettes. Has anybody read it? It's on Amazon ebook for just $2.99 and has a lot of history about how IBM operated in the seventies.

One of the big changes in the period was the 29June1969 "unbundling" announcement ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundle

starting to charge for application software (although company made case that kernel aka operating system software should still be free), SE services, hardware maintenance. The starting to charge customers for SE services was major culture shock ... since previously SEs got much of their training as kind of apprentice program ... part of large group of SEs on-site at customer. Charging for SE time couldn't come up with how to handle this SE apprentice-like program.

This motivated the HONE (hands-on network) starting with several virtual machine cp67 datacenters giving branch SEs online access to run/practice with operating systems in virtual machines. After the initial 370 announcement (prior to virtual memory) the HONE CP67 systems were upgraded with simulation for the few new instructions that were part of the new 370s (allowing operating systems generated for the new 370s to be run in CP67 virtual machines on real 360).

Besides CP67 & CMS, the science center had also ported APL/360 to CMS for CMSAPL. In addition to the "hands-on" for SE virtual machine operation ... HONE started a lot of APL-based sales&marketing support applications. It wasn't too long before the APL-based sales&marketing support applications came to dominate all HONE activity and the SE training virtual machine operation dwindled away.

One of my hobbies was producing enhanced operating systems for internal datacenters & HONE was major, long-time client ... and as HONE systems were being cloned around the world for sales&marketing support ... I would be asked to do initial install. When EMEA hdqtrs moved from NY to Paris in the 70s ... I was asked to go over and made sure everything was working correctly for the HONE install.

During the 70s&80s, DPD had a heavy OS/360 MVT, SVS, MVS ... periodically participating in corporate efforts to kill off CP67 and later VM370 ... lots of sales&marketing not even aware that virtual machines existed. Periodically a branch manager would be promoted to executive DPD hdqtrs position (that HONE reported to) and find to their horror that the company ran on vm370 (not MVS). They would then decide they would make their success in the company by being the executive responsible for moving HONE to MVS. This would have a flurry of activity (occupying large part of all HONE resources) until it was proved once again that MVS couldn't support HONE operation ... things would quietly die away for a moment ... until the next new branch manager was promoted into the position and the process is repeated.

misc. past posts mentioning HONE &/or APL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone

During the future system period I continued to do 360/370 stutff ... like migrating lots of stuff I had been doing on cp67 to vm370 ... some old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#email731212
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430

and periodically ridiculing FS (which possibly wasn't the best career enhancing activity). When FS failed there was a mad rush to get stuff back into the 370 hardware and software product pipelines. Which accounted for decision to pick up bits&pieces of stuff all during the FS period and release it to customers.

Endicott also con'ed me into helping them with the follow-on to 135/145 ... 138/148 and special enhancements. The distraction of FS and killing off of 370 efforts is credited with giving clone processors marketing foothold. Endicott was trying to respond with product enhancements especially against clone processor competition outside of the US.

One of the issues was to take a bunch of virtual machine microcode enhancements (for the 138/148) and basically create something as close as possible to the current mainframe LPAR ... with all shipped 138/148 running with virtual machine capability. However, this got overruled by corporate since they were the midst of killing off vm370 product episodes. Then Endicott con'ed me into running around the world off&on over period of a year helping give presentations to product planners and market forecasters.

One of the distinction between US/domestic "region" market forecasts and non-US market forecasts was that non-US market forecasts effectively resulted in the country ordering that many machines from the manufacturing plant ... and then faced with having to sell the machine. US/domestic "regions" didn't actually order machines ... they stayed on the plant books until delivered to customers. As a result there was little accountability in market forecasts from US/domestic "regions" ... the forecasts tended to conform to whatever the prevailing strategic wind in corporate hdqtrs and not really to be trusted. Non-US market forecasts could be pretty much be taken at face value ... but the plants had to do their own forecasts for US regions since the forecasts coming from the US regions couldn't really be trusted.

Part of this could be attributed to the change in the corporate culture (especially in the US) following the demise of the FS effort .... Ferguson & Morris, "Computer Wars: The Post-IBM World", Time Books, 1993:
... and perhaps most damaging, the old culture under Watson Snr and Jr of free and vigorous debate was replaced with sycophancy and make no waves under Opel and Akers. It's claimed that thereafter, IBM lived in the shadow of defeat

... snip .. another quote from the book:
But because of the heavy investment of face by the top management, F/S took years to kill, although its wrongheadedness was obvious from the very outset. "For the first time, during F/S, outspoken criticism became politically dangerous," recalls a former top executive.

... snip ...

Note that there was marked US/non-US (aka world-trade) contrast. Non-US said that the 138/148 would have a zero forecast unless it had unique features (to differentiate them from all the other 370s in the mid-range market). The US regional forecasters said the 138/148 would have the same forecast regardless of what features it had (adding any additional features/differentiation would have no impact on the forecast).

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Sandy Weill's About-Face on Big Banks

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 26 July, 2012
Subject: Sandy Weill's About-Face on Big Banks
Blog: Facebook
also on Google+
https://plus.google.com/u/0/102794881687002297268/posts/bjQgvXFwEGZ

Sandy Weill's About-Face on Big Banks
http://blogs.wsj.com/deals/2012/07/25/sandy-weills-aboutface-on-big-banks/

The Man Who Invented Too Big to Fail Banks Finally Recants. Will Obama or Romney Follow?
http://robertreich.org/post/27990127891

The Real Significance of Sandy Weill's "Break Up Big Banks" Recommendation
http://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2012/07/the-real-significance-of-sandy-weills-break-up-big-banks-recommendation.html

Naked capitalism corresponds with comments as it was happening ... including ego issues ... which were at least partially attributed to having lost out to Gerstner at AMEX

Charlie Gasparino's Comments On Sandy Weill's 'Break Up The Banks' Announcement Are Downright Nasty
http://www.businessinsider.com/charlie-gasparino-on-sandy-weills-break-up-the-banks-announcement-2012-7

PBS program he was major force creating too-big-to-fail (of course he has his money now and got out)
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/wallstreet/weill/

... wallstreet folklore is it was all motivated having lost to Gerstner as heir apparent at AMEX ... long winded post on the subject:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#82

part of citigroup lobbying to get Glass-Steagall repealed, secretary of treasury
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Rubin
before had been co-chairman of goldman sachs and then afterwards, at citigroup received more than $126M in cash and stock.
http://ourfuture.org/blog-entry/2010093609/citibank-will-anyone-hold-rubin-and-prince-accountable

Early 2009 I was asked to HTML'ize the Pecora hearings ('30s senate hearings that resulted in Glass-Steagall, had been scanned the previous fall at the boston public library) with lots of internal cross-links and lots of URLs between what happened this time and what happened then. There was some assumption that the new congress would have the appetite to do something. After working on it for some time, got a call that it wasn't going to be needed after all (references to wallstreet spreading enormous piles of money around capital hill)

recent posts mentioning Pecora hearings:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#5 The round wheels industry is heading for collapse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#56 What's the most interesting thing you do in your non-work life?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#37 US real-estate has lost $7T in value
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#52 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#32 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#7 Adult Supervision
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#28 REPEAL OF GLASS-STEAGALL DID NOT CAUSE THE FINANCIAL CRISIS - WHAT DO YOU THINK?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#56 Why Hasn't The Government Prosecuted Anyone For The 2008 Financial recession?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#64 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#67 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#36 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#53 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#75 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#63 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#81 Should the IBM approach be given a chance to fix the health care system?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Slackware

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Slackware
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 26 Jul 2012 12:10:17 -0400
maus <greymausg@mail.com> writes:
To pull two threads together, I remember reading that the University of Hawaii was doing work on a sort of naval wireless network that provided some of the basis of TCP.

totally unrelated ... I was doing various high-speed things internally ... that I labled HSDT (high-speed data transport) ... which got me pulled into some number of external things ... including director of NSF trying to give me $20M for NSFNET backbone ... even trying to help overcome the objections of the corporation (even claiming what we already had running was a minimum of five yrs ahead all the RFP responses to build something new for NSFNET backbone). ... various old NSFNET/external email from the period
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#nsfnet

and various old HSDT email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#hsdt

some early (sort-of) NSFNET backbone email was actually about high-speed link between Hawaii to mainland supporting "remote viewing" for Berkeley 10m telescope
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#email830804
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#email830822
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#email830830
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#email841121
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#email860519

the effort was actually doing all sort of things to avoid taking NSF funds ... because NSF would then dictate the viewing schedule. finally they were able to get a large grant from private foundation (and the name of the effort changed to that of the foundation ... becoming the Keck 10m).
http://www.keckobservatory.org/

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Obama Was Right: The Government Invented the Internet

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 26 July, 2012
Subject: Obama Was Right: The Government Invented the Internet
Blog: Facebook
Obama Was Right: The Government Invented the Internet
http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/technology/2012/07/who_invented_the_internet_the_outrageous_conservative_claim_that_every_tech_innovation_came_from_private_enterprise_.html

old NSFNET backbone related email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#nsfnet

... director of NSF wanted to give me $20M to do T1 NSFNET backbone ... which caused huge amount of internal political problems ... and then the budget got cut ... and a T1 NSFNET backbone RFP was put out ... but we weren't allowed to bid. The director of NSF wrote the company a letter trying to help 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO), but that just made the internal politics worse. The winning bid was for $11.2M and put in 440kbit/sec links (even tho it was suppose to be T1). Sort of to meet the letter of the RFP they put in T1 trunks with telco multiplexors (running multiple 440kbit/sec links on the T1 trunks).

I would make derogatory remarks about not being real T1 ... so when the T3 upgrade RFP was announced I was asked to be the red team (possibly planning on shutting me up) and a couple dozen people from half-dozen labs around the world were the blue team. At the final executive review, I presented first ... then the blue team. Five minutes into the blue team presentation, the executive running the review pounded on the table and said he would lay down in front of a garbage truck before he allowed any but the blue team proposal to go forward. I (and a few others) got up and walked out.

Note that NSFNET backbone started out as part of the budget for the NSF supercomputing centers ... providing connectivity between the centers ... when that budget got cut back ... so did funding for the NSFNET backbone.

I've been pontificating about it for the past 24hrs mostly in a.f.c. usenet newsgroup and the mainframe ibm-main mailing list

I throw in a lot of the internal corporate politics during the NSFNET period including some blow-by-blow of mis-information program by the communication group on things like how SNA/VTAM is applicable to NSFNET backbone.

Politics are all over ... part of the NSF supercomputer funds included something like $120M that was suppose to go to UCB ... however UCSD was the next campus in the UC system scheduled to get a new building ... so the regents redirected the funds to UCSD and building the supercomputer center there instead of Berkeley.

misc. past posts mentioning nsfnet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The Secret Consensus Among Economists

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 28 July, 2012
Subject: The Secret Consensus Among Economists
Blog: Google+
re:
https://plus.google.com/u/0/116954710049425703954/posts/DcKyZEeykSH

The Secret Consensus Among Economists
http://www.freakonomics.com/2012/07/25/the-secret-consensus-among-economists/

CBS 60 mins had segment that as the economic mess was breaking, wallstreet hired a spin-doctor that recommended tying up as many prominent economists as possible, either directly with retainers for them or their organizations ... or indirectly with major grants.

Jan2009 I was asked to html'ize the Pecora hearings (30s senate hearings that led to Glass-Steagall, had been scanned the previous fall at Boston Public Library) with extensive internal x-links as well as lots of URLs between what happened this time and what happened then; there was some anticipation that the new congress would have appetite to do something. After working on it for awhile, got a call that it wouldn't be needed after all (references to large piles of wallstreet money being spread around capital hill)

periodic washington press will have reference to Congess as Kabuki theater ... most of what you see is just show ... appearance of conflict helps with the flow of money. Most recently 25July2012, 19:01EDT, I heard somebody on CNN news say Kabuki Congress.

recnet posts mentioning Pecora hearings and/or Kabuki theater:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#5 The round wheels industry is heading for collapse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#56 What's the most interesting thing you do in your non-work life?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#37 US real-estate has lost $7T in value
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#52 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#16 IBM cuts more than 1,000 U.S. Workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#32 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#36 McCain calls for U.S.-led airstrikes in Syria
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#61 Why Republicans Aren't Mentioning the Real Cause of Rising Prices at the Gas Pump
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#58 Word Length
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#88 Developing a Disruptive Mindset
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#15 Born Fighting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#17 Let the IRS Do Your Taxes, Really
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#25 Time to competency for new software language?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#31 Rome speaks to us. Their example can inspire us to avoid their fate
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#7 Adult Supervision
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#28 REPEAL OF GLASS-STEAGALL DID NOT CAUSE THE FINANCIAL CRISIS - WHAT DO YOU THINK?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#46 Why America Is Slouching Towards Third World Status
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#56 Why Hasn't The Government Prosecuted Anyone For The 2008 Financial recession?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#64 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#67 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#32 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#33 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#34 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#36 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#39 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#53 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#64 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#75 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#1 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#41 Lawmakers reworked financial portfolios after talks with Fed, Treasury officials
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#63 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#81 Should the IBM approach be given a chance to fix the health care system?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#86 Should the IBM approach be given a chance to fix the health care system?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#9 Sandy Weill's About-Face on Big Banks

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 28 July, 2012
Subject: Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
Blog: Boyd Strategy
re:
http://lnkd.in/ZjjQ9m
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#50 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#69 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#7 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

is this real or obfuscation and misdirection:

Report: How to lower F-35 costs? Lockheed asks employees
http://www.dodbuzz.com/2012/07/26/report-how-to-lower-f-35-costs-lockheed-asks-employees/

... and regarding the 24M lines of software for f-35

China Airborne (James Fallows)
https://www.amazon.com/China-Airborne-ebook/dp/B005QPIA2Y
loc2343-44 (talking about China play catchup):
He pointed out that in the entire world there are relatively few engineers experienced in the complex work of integrating software for avionics and flight controls, and most of them already work for a handful of companies, like his own.

... snip ...

China Airborne talks about lots of test project in China ... where rules are temporarily changed in a few regions, in one way or another to see what happens. Also lots & lots of purchasing companies in other countries ... buying the expertise.

Playing straight-man on Glass-Steagall? Jan2009 I was asked to html'ize Pecora hearings (senate hearings from the 30s that resulted in Glass-Steagall, scanned fall of 2008 at Boston public library) ... doing lots of internal cross-indexes as well as lots of URLs between what happened then and what happened this time; some anticipation that new congress would have the appetite to do something. After working on it for some time, I got a call that it wasn't needed after all (references to large piles of wallstreet money being spread around capital hill).

Long before that, we were called into consult with small client/server company that wanted to do some payment transactions on their server; they had also invented this technology they called "SSL" they wanted to use; the result is in now frequently called "electronic commerce". Somewhat as a result in the mid-90s we were asked to participate in the x9a10 financial standard working group that had been given the requirement to preserve the integrity of the financial infrastructure for all retail payments. One of the participants was from NSCC (before merge with DTC to become DTCC) and I was then asked to look at improving the integrity of the exchange electronic trading transactions. After working on it for some time, I got called in and effectively told the work was suspended ... that a side-effect of the improved integrity would have been greatly improved transparency and visibility ... antithesis of wallstreet trading culture.

I'm currently finishing "Octopus: Sam Israel, the Secret Market, and Wall Street Wildest Con" ... it goes into long gory detail that it is epidemic on wallstreet ... much more in depth than what is alluded to in this news item:
http://nypost.com/2007/03/20/cramer-reveals-a-bit-too-much/

the improved transparency and visibility would have exposed lots of the stuff that nobody appears to want to seriously do anything about ... including the regulatory agencies (sort of the three monkeys, see no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil).

I recently blow smoke about transparency and visibility here:
http://www.hlswatch.com/2012/07/27/snoodan-boyd-snowden-and-resilience/

early financial industry critical infrastructure meetings ... various institutional vendors didn't want exploit sharing 1) viewed information about vulnerabilities as competitive advantage and 2) were concerned that ISACs would be subject to FOIA ... concerned that frequency & prevalence of exploits would be made public (concern about exploits techniques leaking to bad guys was way down the list).

That is different than wallstreet about trades, the ny post article alludes to and the israel book says that illegal behavior is epidemic among wallstreet traders (aided and abetted by lack of transparency and visibility).

Congressional hearings into Madoff ponzi scheme had the person that tried unsuccessfully for a decade to get SEC to do something about Madoff (Madoff finally turned himself in ... forcing SEC to do something) ... was asked if new regulations were required .... he said much more important than new regulations would be transparency and visibility. He also testified that tips turn up 13 times more fraud than audits ... and that the SEC didn't have a tip line but did have a 1-800 number for companies to complain about audits ... something of a slam at Sarbanes-Oxley audits and enforcement.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

International Business Marionette

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 28 July, 2012
Subject: International Business Marionette
Blog: Greater IBM
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#8 International Business Marionette

so the only lower 370 than 135/138 were the 115&125. Boeblingen got severe corporate thrashing for the 115/125 implementation. It was a shared 9position memory bus ... allowing up to nine microprocessors in the configuration ... the 115 and identical microprocessors at all position ... just with different microcode loads to perform 370 instructions or control unit functions. The 125 differentiation had faster microprocessor for 370 (i.e. the common microprocessor with 370 microcode load ran about 80KIPS 370 ... the faster 125 microprocessor getting 120KIPS 370 ... about 50% faster).

Same time that Endicott suckered me into doing work for 138/148 ... the US 115/125 suckered me into do design for a 5-way SMP 125. standard customer configurations had majority of 9positions empty .... so the idea was to load up four empty bus positions with 370 microprocessor ... supporting up to five 125 370 processors in single box.

Lots of this was aftermath of the Future System effort failure and mad rush to get products back into the 370 product pipelines. In this particular case, the political organizations viewed each other as competition .... even though I was doing technical work for both efforts. In escalation meetings in White Plains ... I was required to argue both sides .... I would argue 138/148 case from one side of the table and then go around to the other side of the table and argue the 5-way 125 SMP case. The 138/148 eventually shipped ... however the 5-way 125 eventually got canceled.

Some of the same people did come together for a 16-way 370 SMP in POK using processor engine in the 370/158. We were stealing spare time of the processor engineers working on 3033 (who thot 16-way SMP was much more interesting than what they were doing for 3033). Most of rest of POK (hardware) thought it was great too ... until somebody leaked to head of POK that it might be decades before the POK favorite son operating system had 16-way SMP support. Then the 3033 processor engineers were directed to focus only on 3033 and no more distractions ... and the rest of us were directed to never visit POK again.

oh ... 115/125 feature set interaction was so complex ... it was the first to require that all orders first be processed through HONE "configurator" (eventually all 370s orders would require first being processed by HONE "configurator"). misc. past posts mentioning HONE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone

and for the 125 5-way SMP ... i designed a "microcode" dispatcher ... kernel software would put work on processor queue and pull work off queue fed by processors. It was sort of like what was later done for the Intel I432 ... i.e. actual number of processors were somewhat masked from the kernel software ... just had to worry about how fast processors were processing work queue ... and keeping it fed so they would remain busy. misc. past posts mentioning 5-way SMP effort
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#bounce

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Microsoft's Downfall: Inside the Executive E-mails and Cannibalistic Culture That Felled a Tech Giant

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 28 July, 2012
Subject: Microsoft's Downfall: Inside the Executive E-mails and Cannibalistic Culture That Felled a Tech Giant
Blog: Greater IBM
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#32 Microsoft's Downfall: Inside the Executive E-mails and Cannibalistic Culture That Felled a Tech Giant

Microsoft's Lost Decade
http://tech.slashdot.org/story/12/07/28/0447238/microsofts-lost-decade
Microsoft's Lost Decade
http://www.vanityfair.com/business/2012/08/microsoft-lost-mojo-steve-ballmer

from above:
In those years Microsoft had stepped up its efforts to cripple competitors, but -- because of a series of astonishingly foolish management decisions -- the competitors being crippled were often co-workers at Microsoft, instead of other companies. Staffers were rewarded not just for doing well but for making sure that their colleagues failed. As a result, the company was consumed by an endless series of internal knife fights. Potential market-busting businesses -- such as e-book and smartphone technology -- were killed, derailed, or delayed amid bickering and power plays.

... snip ...

and from Gerstner:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_V._Gerstner,_Jr.

from above:
In his memoir, Gerstner described the turnaround as difficult and often wrenching for an IBM culture that had become insular and balkanized.

... snip ...

which you can click thru to:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balkanized

from above:
Balkanization, or Balkanisation, is a geopolitical term, originally used to describe the process of fragmentation or division of a region or state into smaller regions or states that are often hostile or non-cooperative with each other[1].

... snip ...

of course the downward slope for IBM is claimed to start with the FS failure ... reference Ferguson & Morris, "Computer Wars: The Post-IBM World", Time Books, 1993:
... and perhaps most damaging, the old culture under Watson Snr and Jr of free and vigorous debate was replaced with sycophancy and make no waves under Opel and Akers. It's claimed that thereafter, IBM lived in the shadow of defeat

... snip ... and ...
But because of the heavy investment of face by the top management, F/S took years to kill, although its wrongheadedness was obvious from the very outset. "For the first time, during F/S, outspoken criticism became politically dangerous," recalls a former top executive.

... snip ...

One of the balkanized scenarios is a senior disk engineer in the late 80s got a talk scheduled at annual, internal, world-wide communication group conference and opened the talk with statement that the communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division.

the issue was that the disk division was seeing data fleeing the datacenters to more distributed computing friendly platforms with downturn in disk sales. the disk division was coming up with products to address the situation that were constantly being veto'ed by the communication group ... since the communication group had strategic "ownership" of everything that crossed the datacenter walls. The communication group was fighting off client/server and distributed computing protecting their dumb terminal paradigm and terminal emulation install base.

Of course the stranglehold that the communication group had on the datacenter was not only having adverse affect on disk sales ... but eventually on the whole mainframe market ... significant factor in driving the company into the red a few short years later.

more detailed description:

The rise and fall of IBM
https://www.ecole.org/en/session/49-the-rise-and-fall-of-ibm

from above:
After 40 years of unrivalled success, IBM is now in serious trouble. What has happened? Jean-Jacques Duby explains how the company's values and the cogs and wheels of its internal management system doomed IBM to failure, in the light of long developments in the technical, economic and commercial environment.But why there should have been such a sudden shock remains a mystery. Perhaps IBM's mighty power had delayed its downfall, making this all the more brutal as a result, like the earthquake which follows the sudden encounter of two continental plates.

... snip ...

past posts mentioning future systeme
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
AMEX, Private Equity, IBM related Gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Breakdown of the $26 Trillion the Federal Reserve Handed Out to Save Incompetent, but Rich Investors

From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 29 July, 2012
Subject: Breakdown of the $26 Trillion the Federal Reserve Handed Out to Save Incompetent, but Rich Investors
Blog: Google+
re:
https://plus.google.com/u/0/102794881687002297268/posts/itjVncb194K

Breakdown of the $26 Trillion the Federal Reserve Handed Out to Save Incompetent, but Rich Investors
http://johnhively.wordpress.com/2011/12/05/breakdown-of-the-26-trillion-the-federal-reserve-handed-out-to-save-rich-incompetent-investors-but-who-purchase-political-power/

several times the following claims Federal Reserve role has been going on for quite awhile "Octopus: Sam Israel, the Secret Market, and Wall Street's Wildest Con" (Guy Lawson)
https://www.amazon.com/Octopus-Israel-Streets-Wildest-ebook/dp/B00540P9YS
loc75-80:
There was another story -- one that hadn't been told. At the height of his fraud, as he desperately searched for a way to make hundreds of millions of dollars to save Bayou and himself, he'd discovered a secret bond market run by the Federal Reserve. The labyrinth of this shadow market dwarfed Israel's own grand deception

... snip ...

other past posts mentioning Federal Reserve:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#17 What banking is. (Essential for predicting the end of finance as we know it.)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#23 They always think we don't understand
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#46 TCM's Moguls documentary series
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#58 Programmer Charged with thieft (maybe off topic)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#66 Ernst & Young sued for fraud over Lehman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#48 What do you think about fraud prevention in the governments?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#45 Productivity And Bubbles
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#3 Greed, Excess and America's Gaping Class Divide
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#11 Innovation and iconoclasm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#39 Advice from Richard P. Feynman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#4 Geithner, Bernanke have little in arsenal to fight new crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#23 Wall Street Aristocracy Got $1.2 Trillion in Fed's Secret Loans
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#73 computer bootlaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#49 The men who crashed the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#57 The Mortgage Crisis---Some Inside Views
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#37 Civilization, doomed?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#74 The Wall Street Pentagon Papers: Biggest Scam In World History Exposed: Are The Federal Reserve's Crimes Too Big To Comprehend?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#93 The men who crashed the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#3 The Obama Spending Non-surge
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#7 FDR explains one dimension of our problem: bankers own the government
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#30 21st Century Management approach?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#63 21st Century Management approach?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#32 US real-estate has lost $7T in value
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#45 Fannie, Freddie Charge Taxpayers For Legal Bills
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#46 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#55 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#45 Banks Repaid Fed Bailout With Other Fed Money: Government Report
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#26 US economic update. Everything that follows is a result of what you see here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#14 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#65 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

a clock in it, was Re: Interesting News Article

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: a clock in it, was Re: Interesting News Article
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 29 Jul 2012 18:18:02 -0400
"Joe Morris" <j.c.morris@verizon.net> writes:
That's one I don't recall hearing ... but I'll admit that it's easy to see the reason for it.

Along the same line of thought, writing the contents of all memory to a file following a system crash was frequently referred to as "taking a post mortem".


cp67 would dump automatically to printer ... or supported option to do image to tape ... but fairly early it was enhanced to dump to disk and then automatigically reboot. folklore tale about it happening 27times in one day at USL ... in tech sq complex ... across the courtyard from 545 tech sq and science center.
http://www.multicians.org/thvv/360-67.html

I was undergraduate at univ out west ... but had done the TTY/ascii support for cp67 ... which was picked up and included in standard distribution. I had done some games with 1byte arithmetic ... so when a patch was made to allow 1200(?) byte i/o ... the length computation would go negative and result in storage overlay.

minor x-over in this thread mentioning doing dump reader (DUMPRX)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#79 Slackware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#80 Slackware

which references other systems still doing printed dumps (and manual reboot) well into the 80s. misc. past dumprx posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#dumprx

as more service functions were added to cp67 running in virtual machine (service virtual machines ... frequently now called "virtual applicance") ... the auto-reboot only got the system back up until available for login ... but didn't restart any of the service virtual machines (which still required manual intervention).

I was doing lots of resource management and performance testing and evolved bunch of automated benchmarking (with synthentic benchmarks) ... which allowed rebooting to "clean state" between benchmarks. This required a startup "autolog" command automaticly done on startup ... and then subsequent use of "autolog" to kick off the processes for synthetic workload. misc. past posts mentioning automated benchmarking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#bench

however there was fairly quick operational uptake of "autolog" for service virtual machines. old email about migrating stuff from cp67 to vm370 ... and creation of csc/vm (one of my hobbies at IBM was creating highly modified production operating systems for internal datacenters)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#email731212
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430

I've periodically commented that some of the ctss people went to 5th flr 545 tech sq for Multics and others went to the 4th flr and the science center and did virtual machines, internal network, gml and bunch of other stuff. As a result there was some friendly rivilry between 4th & 5th flr. I figured it wasn't fair to compare number of vm370 customers to total number of multics installation ... or even the just total number of internal vm370 installations to total number of (*all*) multics installations. However at one point, I had more csc/vm internal installations than the total number of (*all*) multics installations ... which seemed to be much fairer comparison.

I had been doing 360 and then 370 stuff during the future system period ... and then with the failure of FS ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

there was mad rush to get stuff back into the product pipelines ... which contributed to decision to release lots of csc/vm stuff to customers ... first some subset of csc/vm in vm370 release 3 ... and then additional stuff in the "resource manager" ... some past posts mentioning resource manager
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 30 Jul 2012 00:35:44 -0400
John Levine <johnl@iecc.com> writes:
Remember that the 1130 most definitely did not try to do more than one thing at a time. The 1130 came in a variety of models of differing performance, and it was widely known that the slower models were the same as the faster ones with delays added. For the card reader, there was apparently a relay you disabled and remembered to recoonect when the IBM guy was there. The slowest CPU had 5.6us cycle time rather than 3.6us on the other models, and I am reliably informed that when there was a printer interrupt, the CPU sped up to 3.6us so it would be able to build the bitmap in time. Needless to say, at academic installations people figured out how to run all the time with the printer interrupt on.

similar but different ... recent post about 370 115 & 125
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#14 International Business Marionette

Boeblingen had done a nine-position memory bus ... a 115 had all installed microprocessors the same ... but just with different microcode loads ... for various functions, controllers, 370 instructions, etc. 370 instruction was rated at 80kips ... and the 370 emulator ran approx. 10instructions per 370 instruction ... for native 800kips processor.

125 was identical to the 115 except the microprocessor running 370 emulator ran about 120kips 370 (or about 1.2mips native).

as mentioned in the post, most customer configurations would have four or more bus positions empty ... and I got dragged into doing design for adding up to four additional 125 processors in empty bus positions (for up to 5-way smp configuration)

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

SnOODAn: Boyd, Snowden, and Resilience

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 30 July, 2012
Subject: SnOODAn: Boyd, Snowden, and Resilience
Blog: Homeland Security Watch
SnOODAn: Boyd, Snowden, and Resilience
http://www.hlswatch.com/2012/07/27/snoodan-boyd-snowden-and-resilience/

Part of Boyd's briefing was contrasting the rigid, top-down, command&control structure of the US military going into WW2 with the German military structure. He would then comment that former WW2 officers beginning to permeate US corporate leadership was starting to contaminate the US corporate structure with similar rigid, top-down command&control paradigm. Rigid, top-down, command&control paradigm was inhibiting the ability to recognize and adapt to changing circumstances (undermining OODA-loop).

our last product before leaving IBM was high-availability/cluster multiprocessing ... which required doing a lot of study about how things failed. it isn't diversity and complexity directly ... it is no common modes/points of failure. random diversity and/or random complexity ... may or may not have common ways or place of failure. if you have no idea about ways things fail ... then going for random diversity may be just wishful thinking that they won't have common failure/vulnerabilities/exploits.

other areas where it plays is multi-factor authentication, presumed to be more secure with implicit assumption that the different factors have unique/different vulnerabilities ... which may or may not be true. For instance pin-based magstripe debit cards were presumed to be "more secure" ... pin typically treated as countermeasure to lost/stolen card. However, a common exploit for decades is compromised end-point (atm machine, pos terminal, etc) that has been able to harvest both pin&magstripe information ... invalidating the assumption about multi-factor authentication having independent failures/exploits.

rigid, top-down, command&control paradigms tend to be susceptible to single/common failure/vulnerability modes.

part of supply chain management tends to optimize by eliminating redundancy, increasing vulnerability to failures in such areas (that have eliminated redundancy).

in rigid, top-down, command&control structure, group-think can be frequent culture paradigm. group OODA-loop sharing sould enhance group operation ... but non-sharing may be an attempt at countermeasure to pervasive group-think culture (some of this comes through in Boyd's Organic Design For Command and Control briefing)

at early financial industry critical infrastructure meetings, industry representatives didn't want to share because 1) they viewed vulnerability information as competitive advantage and 2) they were worried that ISACs might be subject to FOIA and they didn't want pervasiveness of exploits leaking to public (way ahead of worries that exploit techniques would leak to the bad guys).

minor side-track ... we were tangentially involved in the cal. state data breach notification legislation having been brought in to help word-smith the cal state electronic signature legislation. Many of the parties were also heavily involved in privacy issues and had done extensive, in-depth public surveys. The #1 issue was identity theft, primarily the form of "account fraud" (fraudulent financial transactions) frequently as the result of data breach. The issue was that little or nothing was being done about such breaches (aka normally entities take exploit countermeasures motivated by the risk to themselves ... the fraudulent financial transactions as a result of the data breaches were against individuals ... not the institutions having the breaches ... so there was no self-interest involved). There was some anticipation that the publicity from the data breach notifications would motivate institutions to take countermeasures (also provide individuals opportunity to close accounts involved in the breaches).

In the more than decade since the cal. state data breach notification legislation, there have been lots of federal bills introduced ... about evenly divided between those similar to the cal. legislation and those that would effectively eliminate notification (sometimes cleverly worded requiring breach to involve combinations of personal information that rarely occurs in the real-world)

Lots written about group-think, conformity and hierarchy are epidemic in the culture ... with non-conformity being beaten out from early age; ... then how to reverse the process and foster innovation.

IBM under Watsons had culture where it was claimed "wild ducks" were needed. Then in the mid-70s the company had a major stumble that precipitated major change in the corporate culture ... and after that the joke was wild ducks are tolerated so long as they fly in formation.

Boyd would talk about observing from every possible facet ... image the OODA-loop is perimeter of a circle with the subject matter in the middle and constantly circling to observe from every possible perspective.

Isolating multiple teams helps as countermeasure to group-think ... but it is also useful to give the teams slightly different directions/starting-point to encourage taking different perspectives. This also shows up in red/blue teaming.

I was blamed for online computer conferencing on the internal network in the late 70s & early 80s (internal network was larger than arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until late 85 or early 86). Part of the discussion was the downside of the rise of MBA culture and religion of quarterly numbers ... and its contributing to gradual deteriorating US business.

This corresponded to some of the observations of what was happening to corporate America in Boyd's briefings. Part of Boyd's briefing was that a motivation for the rigid, top-down, command&control structure was having to deploy huge numbers with little or no experience and leverage the very few skills available. Part of the contrast was German army with 3% officers to the 11% (growing to 20%) officers needed to maintain rigid, top-down, command&control structure.

The implied assumption that only those at the very top know what they are doing has been used to justify the ratio of US corporate executive compensation to employee compensation exploding to 400-500:1 (when it had been 20:1 for a long time, and 10:1 in much of the rest of the world). Last night I was watching CSPAN rebroadcast (originally early June) of Stiglitz about his new book where he had some discussion of the same ratio (but he mentions it may have reached 1000:1 in some places).

Boyd's point was that the rigid, top-down, command&control structure can continue in relatively static environment ... but the culture has much less ability to be agile and adaptable. From Coram's Boyd biography, pg337:
But Eisenhower did not understand this kind of conflict and, at the very moment of victory'egged on by jealous and conventional British officers' he grew afraid for Patton's flanks and supply lines and ordered Patton to stop. The Germans were amazed at the respite. One school of thought says that Eisenhower's timidity cost another six months of war and a million additional lives.

... snip ...

Boyd would comment that WW2 US strategy, in addition to rigid, top-down, command&control structure, was massive overwhelming logistics and resources .... which then translates in to tactics of "attrition" that continues to this day (winning by being last man standing in head-to-head slug fest).

Boyd developed a separate briefing (to compliment Patterns of Conflict and OODA-loop) called "Organic Design of Command and Control" which goes into alternative ways of running organizations.

Something similar runs in this (linkedin, closed) "Greater IBM" discussion about recent articles on "Microsoft's Downfall" and comparison to IBM and long slide after significant change in culture from the early 70s ... part of my post archived here:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#32
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#15

issue was corporate culture's inability to adapt to changing environment (myopic focus on extreme optimization of the existing environment and inability to recognize change) ... this has some reference to what Gerstner found when he was brought into IBM to resurrect the company ... I've recently pontificated frequently in several foras
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#82

Part of Boyd stories was that perspective in the Pentagon effectively devolving into procurement and budget. He highlighted it by a Vietnam airforce air-to-air missile story ... which he had evaluated before Vietnam and predicted it would hardly ever hit. Come Vietnam and turns out he was correct. At one point air force general in Vietnam grounds all fighters and converts them to Navy sidewinders (which had much better hit rate). The general lasts 3months before being called on the carpet back at the Pentagon. Using sidewinder resulted in fewer US fighters/pilots being shot down (reducing airforce budget share) ... but the absolute worse sin was increasing Navy budget share using navy sidewinder.

Story from WW2 was half the military budget went to planes and 2/3rds of that went to multi-engine (bombers). In 1944, FDR initiated study of effectiveness of US&RAF campaigns which found 8of9 strategic bombardment campaigns were failures, (aka 1/3rd of total WW2 military budget) contributing little to Allied victory.

Even Eisenhower warned about the MIC as he was leaving (claims are that he originally met to warn about military-industrial-congressional complex but shortened it at the last minute) ... effectively the extreme focus on procurement and budget. More recently there have been articles about growing Success of Failure culture, the discovery by MICC that there is more money from a series of failures ... than an initial success.

Early 80s, Washington Post(?) had article calling for 100% unearned profit tax on the US auto industry. Supposedly the auto import quotas were to reduce foreign competition and give US auto makers enormous profits which they were to use to completely remake themselves ... instead they just pocketed the money and continued business as usual. 1990, the US auto industry had C4 "taskforce" to look at completely remaking themselves; they were planning on heavily using technology, so representatives from various technology vendors were asked to participate.

In the C4 meetings they could accurately characterize the competition and what they needed to respond (however as been seen they still weren't able to actually make the changes, too interested in preserving the status quo). They characterized that the effect of the quotas on foreign competition was they realized that at those levels, they could sell as many high priced cars (as low priced cars) which further removed downward price pressure on US autos (contributing to even larger profits). Complete change of product motivated them to totally redo the process, cutting elapsed time to turn out new product in half. At the time of the C4 meetings the competition was in process of cutting the product elapsed time in half again ... aka the foreign competition was able to react to changing market conditions and consumer preferences four times faster than US auto makers (aka agile and adaptable, more recently elapsed time was dropping below traditional model year, wasn't just better quality).

In the 80s, We were having some gear built on the other side of the pacific. On one of the visits they showed off work they were doing in conjunction with Toyota. Auto wiring harness had one of the highest failure rates and cost to diagnose and fix ... and they were working on replacement with dual rotating LAN. Later in the decade when I was on the XTP TAB, NOSC/SPAWAR was participant and working on something similar for SAFENET II. misc. past posts mentioning XTP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#xtphsp
AMEX, Private Equity, IBM related Gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 30 July, 2012
Subject: Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
Blog: Boyd Strategy
re:
http://lnkd.in/ZjjQ9m
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#50 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#69 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#7 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#13 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

and even more this morning
http://www.hlswatch.com/2012/07/27/snoodan-boyd-snowden-and-resilience/

and consequence of WW2 strategy is tactics based on attrition.

I would put it another way ... transparency can result in understanding. Lack of visibility, transparency, understanding, etc can lock things into static status quo. Initial introduction of transparency (and understanding) can result in change to a static status quo environment ... however, OODA-loop, transparency&visibility, understanding should result in continuous adaptability (as contrast to static status quo). "Change" looms much larger in a static status quo environment than it does to a continuous adaptability paradigm.

Coming from a static status quo paradigm, constant change & adaptability might seem foreign and unnatural.

related to transparency and visibility ... is "open" ... which is a theme that Bob Steele uses and runs through almost all of his stuff (as well as frequent chuck spinney references)
http://www.phibetaiota.net/

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 30 July, 2012
Subject: Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
Blog: Boyd Strategy
re:
http://lnkd.in/ZjjQ9m
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#50 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#69 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#7 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#13 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#20 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

just had another round on agile&adaptable ... with respect to US auto industry (as opposed to more interested in preserving status quo) ... mentioned before the industry C4 taskforce:
http://www.hlswatch.com/2012/07/27/snoodan-boyd-snowden-and-resilience/

from Stiglitz's "Freefall: America, Free Markets, and the Sinking of the World Economy"
https://www.amazon.com/Freefall-America-Markets-Sinking-ebook/dp/B0035YDM9E
pg.271:
Standard economic theory (the neoclassical model discussed earlier in this chapter) has had little to say about innovation, even though most of the increases in U.S. standards of living in the past hundred years have come from technical progress. As I noted earlier, just as "information" was outside the old models, so too was innovation.

... snip ...

aka those trying to protect status quo somewhat assume straight growth trying to hold back all change and innovation. As referenced upthread about posts in hlswatch this morning:

Something similar runs in this (linkedin, closed) "Greater IBM" discussion about recent articles on "Microsoft's Downfall" and comparison to IBM and long slide after significant change in culture from the early 70s ... part of my post archived here:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#32
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#15

issue was corporate culture's inability to adapt to changing environment (myopic focus on extreme optimization of the existing environment and inability to recognize change) ... this has some reference to what Gerstner found when he was brought into IBM to resurrect the company ... I've recently pontificated frequently in several foras
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#82

References recent news articles about Microsoft's lost decade because the got in habit of killing off competition (and preserving status quo) ... even when it was competition within their own company. Something similar is claimed by Gertsner in his "resurrection" of IBM
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_V._Gerstner,_Jr.

from above:
In his memoir, Gerstner described the turnaround as difficult and often wrenching for an IBM culture that had become insular and balkanized.

... snip ...

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Four Signs Your Awesome Investment May Actually Be A Ponzi Scheme

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 30 July, 2012
Subject: Four Signs Your Awesome Investment May Actually Be A Ponzi Scheme
Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and Security
Four Signs Your Awesome Investment May Actually Be A Ponzi Scheme
http://www.npr.org/blogs/money/2012/07/30/157606305/four-signs-your-awesome-investment-may-actually-be-a-ponzi-scheme

from above:
Ponzi schemes get a lot of attention when big ones go bust. Bernie Madoff, of course, got a ton of attention when his $20-billion con collapsed in late 2008. So did Allen Stanford, who was recently sentenced to 110 years in prison for scamming investors out of more than $7 billion over two decades.

... snip ...

also: Octopus: Read This Book to Understand Wall Street
http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/blogs/taibblog/octopus-read-this-book-to-understand-wall-street-20120724

and similar to the Taibbi's Octopus references:
http://nypost.com/2007/03/20/cramer-reveals-a-bit-too-much/

"Octopus" has "Sam Israel" constantly worried that the regulators would figure out the fraud he was pulling. However, the comment was made in the book that Sam was a trader that actually had most of the appearance of doing something ... as compared to Madoff which had none of that ... if the regulators didn't catch Madoff there was little chance they would catch Israel.

In the congressional hearings into Madoff ... they had the person that had tried unsuccessfully for a decade to get SEC to do something about Madoff ... but they never did ... until Madoff turned himself in and effectively forced SEC to do something. In the hearings, the person was asked if new regulations were needed ... and he replied that while new regulations might be needed, much more important would be transparency and visibility .... which is antithetical to the wallstreet trader culture (something that comes up repeatedly in the Octopus book).

I guess one might presume if all the regulators are playing 3 monkeys (hear no evil, see no evil, speak no evil) ... then transparency and visibility might be one of the few things left

recent posts mentioning Madoff:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#4 The Myth of Work-Life Balance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#5 We are on the brink of a historic decision [referring to defence cuts]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#18 SEC v. Citigroup, How to Avoid (Greater) Disaster
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#26 What's your favorite quote on "accountability"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#30 Age of Greed: The Triumph of Finance and the Decline of America, 1970 to the Present
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#70 Regulatory Agency logo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#19 "Buffett Tax" and truth in numbers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#44 What's the most interesting thing you do in your non-work life?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#54 The New Age Bounty Hunger -- Showdown at the SEC Corral
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#65 Why Wall Street Should Stop Whining
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#67 How Economists Contributed to the Financial Crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#95 Bank of America Fined $1 Billion for Mortgage Fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#0 New theory of moral behavior may explain recent ethical lapses in banking industry
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#4 Bank of America Fined $1 Billion for Mortgage Fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#13 Study links ultrafast machine trading with risk of crash
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#25 Goldman Sachs P.R. Chief's Accidental Exit Interview
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#31 US real-estate has lost $7T in value
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#36 US real-estate has lost $7T in value
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#37 US real-estate has lost $7T in value
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#39 Greek knife to Wall Street
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#44 New Citigroup Looks Too Much Like the Old One
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#52 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#54 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#12 Gordon Gekko Says
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#16 IBM cuts more than 1,000 U.S. Workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#32 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#69 Memory versus processor speed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#71 Memory versus processor speed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#23 Are mothers naturally better at OODA because they always have the Win in mind?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#57 speculation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#25 Time to competency for new software language?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#66 Predator GE: We Bring Bad Things to Life
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#74 Psychology Of Fraud: Why Good People Do Bad Things
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#84 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#86 The Dangers of High-Frequency Trading; Wall Street's Speed Freaks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#6 Adult Supervision
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#20 Psychology Of Fraud: Why Good People Do Bad Things
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#78 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#36 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#17 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#36 UH-OH: $220 Million May Be Missing From Brokerage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#85 Study: One in Five Firms Misrepresent Earnings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#13 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

How to Stuff a Wild Duck

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 01 Aug, 2012
Subject: How to Stuff a Wild Duck
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.facebook.com/lynn.wheeler/posts/370457343027776

In the culture change following failure of Future System effort, the joke became Wild Ducks are tolerated as long as they fly in formation

this you can blow up and actually read some of the items
http://www.users.cloud9.net/~bradmcc/GO/wildDuck.html

Houston science center did analysis that an FS machine made out of the fastest available technology (370/195) ... would run Eastern's airline res system (System/One that ran on 370/195) with the thruput of 370/145 (10 to 30 times slower). Constraints have changed since then. Also lots of FS lacked any definition (lots and lots of blue sky w/o any substance ... aka emperor's new clothes).

But FS was positioned as completely replacing 370 ... and internal FS politics was killing off all the 370 efforts ... as a result there was no place for transition and/or graceful evolution. The lack of 370 products is credited for allowing 370 clone processors to gain market foothold.

I've done it dozen of times on linkedin and ibm-main mailing list and archived on my webpages. archived posts mentioning FS dating back decades
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

haven't researched how well/long fb urls survive

Anne had worked for Comeau who owned interconnect part of FS so she had front row seat for a lot of "where's the beef". She was then con'ed into going to POK to be in charge of loosely-coupled architecture (mainframe for cluster). While there she did Peer-Coupled Shared Data architecture ... but combination of little uptake (focus on ever increasing size of conventional mainframe) and lots of battles with communication group trying to force her into using VTAM/SNA for cluster operation ... she didn't stay long in the position.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#shareddata

Late 80s, senior disk engineer got a talk scheduled at internal, worldwide, annual communication group conference where he started out with statement that communication group was going to be responsible for demise of disk division. The issue was that the communication group had stranglehold on the datacenter with strategic ownership of everything that crossed the datacenter wall. The disk division was seeing drop in sales with data fleeting the datacenter to more distributed computing friendly platforms ... and all its solutions were being vetoed by the communication group trying to protect its dumb terminal paradigm and terminal emulation install base (and fighting off client/server and distributed computing)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal

for those Boydian out there ... vtam/sna was hierarchical, rigid, top-down control infrastructure ... with everything going thru vtam/sna controlling dumb terminals (or things emulating dumb terminals). about the time of origins of SNA, Anne was (also) co-author of AWP39 (peer-to-peer networking) ... which early on didn't put her in the good graces of the communication group

recent posts mentioning wild ducks:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#59 Original Thinking Is Hard, Where Good Ideas Come From
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#72 Original Thinking Is Hard, Where Good Ideas Come From
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#3 Time to Think ... and to Listen
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#7 Leadership Trends and Realities: What Does Leadership Look Like Today
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#17 Hierarchy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#26 Top Ten Reasons Why Large Companies Fail To Keep Their Best Talent
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#19 SnOODAn: Boyd, Snowden, and Resilience

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

How to Stuff a Wild Duck

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 01 Agu, 2012
Subject: How to Stuff a Wild Duck
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.facebook.com/lynn.wheeler/posts/370457343027776
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#23 How to Stuff a Wild Duck

One of my hobbies was building production systems which were used by a large number of internal datacenters ... frequently in spite of official company ... as a result, I had more toys than I would have had any other place (internal datacenters would let me play even when in didn't show up on any official org chart).

Also for a time, my brother was Apple regional marketing (largest physical area in CONUS) and when he came into town, I could go to business dinners ... even argue with MAC developers about MAC design (even before MAC was announced).

I also did HSDT project internally which the director of NSF wanted for NSFNET backbone ... although internal politics blocked it ... director of NSF tried to help by writing company a letter 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO), but that just made internal politics worse ... as did comments about what I already had running was at least five years ahead of all RFP responses.

misc. past posts mentioning HSDT
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt

misc. past posts mentioning nsfnet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Two Articles of Interest on Culture and Things to Look For

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 01 Aug, 2012
Subject: Two Articles of Interest on Culture and Things to Look For
Blog: Boyd Strategy
re:
http://lnkd.in/HbUUeV

earlier you provided this pointer
http://www.hlswatch.com/2012/07/27/snoodan-boyd-snowden-and-resilience/

other recent hlswatch refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#13 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#19 SnOODAn: Boyd, Snowden, and Resilience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#20 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#21 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

... and i got carried away. one of things Boyd stressed with OODA-loop was also looking from every possibly perspective. discussion got into isolating teams as countermeasure to group-think (increasing group size not helping with different perspectives) ... the other scenario is giving teams different starting points to also promote subject matter coverage (and different coverage).

from Boyd and lots of sources, expectations can color what is observed and concluded .... part of the theme for destruction and starting over ... and Boyd's references to constantly observing from all possible perspectives as part of OODA-loop (countermeasure to OODA-loop devolving into single myopic focus). The other side is loss of institutional memory frequently results in same mistakes being repeated ... institutions having identified retiring baby boomers as major systemic risk ... upside is opening door for new perspectives, especially in rigid, hierarchical organizations ... rigid hierarchical organizations trouble with supporting concurrent institutional memory simultaneously with new perspectives. From my undergraduate days with dynamic adaptive resource management ... multiple concurrent bottleneck optimization (as alternative to single variable focus).

As undergraduate in 60s, I did dynamic adaptive resource management for computer control ... attempting to take into account all resources being used (iterative feedforward loop predicting future based on past and then comparing prediction with expected). In the mid-70s I was started to point out that major resource bottlenecks were starting to shift and by early 80s I was making comments that disk system throughput had declined by a factor of ten times over the previous 15yrs. Disk division executives took exception to what I was saying and assigned the division performance group to refute my statements. After several weeks, the group came back and effectively said that I had slightly understated the situation (also about the time I 1st sponsored Boyd's briefing at IBM). The issue was in a 15yr period, computer processors had gotten 50 times faster but disks had gotten less than 5 times faster (disk relative system throughput had declined by factor of ten times). The other issue was that nearly all of the executives and other people had been involved with computer disks for at least the whole 15yr period ... but were limited to single perspective and didn't notice all the things that were happening.

misc. past posts getting to play disk engineer in bldgs 14&15
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk

misc. posts & URLs from around the web
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

How to Stuff a Wild Duck

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 01 Aug, 2012
Subject: How to Stuff a Wild Duck
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.facebook.com/lynn.wheeler/posts/370457343027776
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#23 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#24 How to Stuff a Wild Duck

repeatedly over the years at IBM, i was told I had no career, I would get no promotions and/or raises. Not being allowed to do NSFNET backbone was just one of long list of things. This is old post about doing cluster scalup in conjunction with our HA/CMP product (early jan92 meeting in ellison's conference room)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13

... this is old email about cluster scale-up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa

possibly only hrs after last email (end of Jan92), cluster scale-up was transferred and we were told we couldn't work on anything with more than 4 processors. a couple weeks later there is this press item
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters1 (17Feb1992)

... we then decide to leave. After leaving Postel would let me do part of STD1.

thread between supercomputing and "electronic commerce" ... two other people in the early jan92 meeting in Ellison's conference room leave and show-up at small client/server startup responsible for something called "commerce server". We are brought in as consultants (this is after we have left) because they want to do payment transactions on the server, the startup had also invented this technology called "SSL" they want to use; the result is now frequently called "electronic commerce"

past posts mentioning ha/cmp
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

A debate on JES2 versus JES3 and IBM's continued support for both products

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 01 Aug, 2012
Subject: A debate on JES2 versus JES3 and IBM's continued support for both products.
Blog: Enterprise Systems
re:
http://lnkd.in/aEX6Tc

Long ago and far away (before I even met her), my wife was in the g'burg JES group and was part of the team that were the "catchers" for ASP turning it into JES3. She then was one of the JESUS (JES unified system) design/co-authors ... everything in JES2 & JES3 that the respective customers couldn't live w/o. All sorts of politics and other reasons prevented ever making the transition to JESUS. misc. past posts mentioning hasp &/or jes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#hasp

My wife was con'ed into going to POK from the JES group to be responsible for loosely-coupled architecture where she created Peer-Coupled Shared Data architecture. She didn't stay long because 1) poor uptake (until SYSPLEX) except for IMS hotstandby and 2) constant battles with the communication group about demands that she use sna/vtam for loosely-coupled operation. misc. past posts mentioning Peer-Coupled Shared Data:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#shareddata

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

How to Stuff a Wild Duck

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 02 Aug, 2012
Subject: How to Stuff a Wild Duck
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.facebook.com/lynn.wheeler/posts/370457343027776
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#23 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#24 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#26 How to Stuff a Wild Duck

truth stranger than fiction.

early 80s (been with company over decade, I had been told numerous times I had no career, promotions or raises), I wrote a "open door" letter about being significantly underpaid. I got written response back from HR saying my complete employment history had been investigated and I was making exactly what I was suppose to. I took copies of original and the response and sent it back to HR with cover letter explaining ... I had been asked to interview people for a new group that I was suppose to provide technical direction for. HR was making offers for new hires that were 30% more than I was currently making, so obviously their previous response was untrue. I never got a written response but within a month I got 30% raise (so I was on level playing ground with what they were offering new hires). People would remind me that business ethics is an oxymoron.

When I left, it was a package deal as "leave of absence" (with no chance of returning) "bridged" to 30yrs retirement. First day on "leave of absence" I get a letter at home saying I had been promoted (I guess it was safe to promote me when I was no longer there).

In my executive "exit" interview ... one of the comments was they could have forgiven me for being wrong ... but they were never going to forgive me for being right.

a couple past posts mentioning above:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007e.html#48 time spent/day on a computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#75 IBM Unionization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#83 IBM Unionization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#94 IBM Unionization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#74 My Vintage Dream PC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#82 search engine history, was Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#2 WHAT WAS THE PROJECT YOU WERE INVOLVED/PARTICIPATED AT IBM THAT YOU WILL ALWAYS REMEMBER?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#12 Clone Processors

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 02 Aug 2012 11:44:43 -0400
hancock4 writes:
IBM literature on data communications referred to either telegraph or telephone lines, but telephone lines gained preference over the years, apparently due to the higher speeds they could handle.

middle 80s, I was doing T1 and faster speed links in HSDT effort
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt

and the communication group generated report that customers wouldn't need T1 before sometime in the 90s. The issue was they didn't have a product that supported T1 ... only went up to 56kbit/sec. They did have controller that supported "fat pipes" ... treat multiple parallel 56kit/sec links as single logical link. They did survey of customers with 2, 3, ... 6, etc links in "fat pipe" ... and found it dropped to nearly zero by five (i.e. 280kbit/sec aggregate). What they failed to report was telco tariffs tend to be the same for 5or6 56kbit links as for full T1. We did trivial survey and found 200 customers that had T1 ... but switched to some other vendor that had full T1 support.

HSDT was having some gear built on the other side of the pacific and friday before was to leave for a visit, communication group sent out announcement for "high-speed" communication discussion with the following definitions


low-speed:       >9.6kbits
medium-speed:    19.2kbits
high-speed :     56kbits
very high-speed: 1.5mbits

Monday morning in conference room on the other side of the pacific was the following definitions:

low-speed:       >20mbits
medium-speed:    100mbits
high-speed:      200-300mbits
very high-speed: <600mbits

misc. recent posts mentioning above:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#41 Where are all the old tech workers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#41 VM Workshop 2012
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#80 A joke seen in an online discussion about moving a box of tape backups
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#87 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#89 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

as previous mentioned ... NSF wanted to give me $20M to do NSFNET T1 backbone ... but then budget cuts and other stuff ... and then they let RFP for NSFNET T1 backbone ... but internal politics prevented us from bidding. The winning NSFNET T1 backbone was for $11.2M and put in 440kbit/sec links. Sort of to meet the letter of the RFP ... they put in T1 trunks and telco multiplexor that would ran multiple 440kbit/links over T1 trunks. I would make snide comments about why couldn't they call it a T5 backbone ... since at some point some of the T1 trunks likely were, in turn, multiplexed over T5 trunks.

When the T3 backbone upgrade RFP came out, they asked me to be the red team (possibly figuring to shutdown my snide remarks) with a couple dozen people from half-dozen labs around the world for the blue team. At the final review, I presented first and then five minutes into the blue team presentation ... the executive running the review pounded on the table and said he would lay down in front of garbage truck before he allowed any but the blue team proposal to go forward.

misc. past posts mentioning NSFNET backbone.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Why is it taboo to signify the role of spirtuality in shaping our values

From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 02 Aug, 2012
Subject: Why is it taboo to signify the role of spirtuality in shaping our values
Blog: Greater IBM
you may be interested in this blog entry from today:
http://www.hlswatch.com/2012/08/02/core-characteristics-of-resilience/

cites this work:
In 2004 Martin Seligman at the University of Pennsylvania and Christopher Peterson at the University of Michigan co-authored the 800 page Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification.

... snip ...

also references this blog & discussion:
http://www.hlswatch.com/2012/07/27/snoodan-boyd-snowden-and-resilience/

which has quite a bit of "Boyd" discussion. I had sponsored Boyd briefings at IBM ... first time in 1983.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

past posts mentioning hlswatch:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#13 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#19 SnOODAn: Boyd, Snowden, and Resilience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#20 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#21 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#25 Two Articles of Interest on Culture and Things to Look For

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 02 Aug 2012 16:56:06 -0400
David Dyer-Bennet <dd-b@dd-b.net> writes:
It's really dangerous when a corporate culture goes that toxic -- producing lying reports deliberately. I'm kind of surprised they ever pulled it out -- though it looks like mostly what happened is the services division experienced huge growth.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#29 History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines

recent Facebook/Greater-IBM discussion of IBM "Wild Ducks" poster
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#22 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#23 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#24 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#26 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#28 How to Stuff a Wild Duck

however as referenced ... in the wake of the Future System failure, the joke became wild ducks are tolerated as long as they fly in formation ... and Ferguson & Morris, "Computer Wars: The Post-IBM World", Time Books, 1993:
... and perhaps most damaging, the old culture under Watson Snr and Jr of free and vigorous debate was replaced with sycophancy and make no waves under Opel and Akers. It's claimed that thereafter, IBM lived in the shadow of defeat

... snip .. another quote from the book:
But because of the heavy investment of face by the top management, F/S took years to kill, although its wrongheadedness was obvious from the very outset. "For the first time, during F/S, outspoken criticism became politically dangerous," recalls a former top executive.

... snip ...

and from linkedin-Greater IBM discussion
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#15 Microsoft's Downfall: Inside the Executive E-mails and Cannibalistic Culture That Felled a Tech Giant

references Microsoft lost decade and turning cannibalistic with lots of corporate in-fighting ... and similarity to IBM in the 80s ... leading up to IBM going into the red in the early 90s ... and then Gerstner being brought in to "resurrect IBM"

Gerstner:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_V._Gerstner,_Jr.

from above:
In his memoir, Gerstner described the turnaround as difficult and often wrenching for an IBM culture that had become insular and balkanized.

... snip ...

which you can click thru to:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balkanized

from above:
Balkanization, or Balkanisation, is a geopolitical term, originally used to describe the process of fragmentation or division of a region or state into smaller regions or states that are often hostile or non-cooperative with each other[1].

... snip ...

recent review of Gerstner's tale of resurrection of IBM
http://www.tdaxp.com/archive/2012/02/10/review-of-who-says-elephants-cant-dance-by-louis-gerstner.html

recent posts referencing review of Gertsner tale of resurrection of IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#104 Time to Think ... and to Listen
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#105 Burroughs B5000, B5500, B6500 videos
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#84 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#4 Hard drives: A bit of progress
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#34 Co-existance of z/OS and z/VM on same DASD farm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#82 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#87 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#4 Think You Know The Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#21 The Age of Unsatisfying Wars

for real topic drift, part of the above goes into role Gerstner played in too-big-to-fail ... people competing for heir apparent at AMEX and Gerstner "wins"

KKR wins bidding war with AMEX for RJR
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shearson

KKR then hires away heir apparent at AMEX to turn around RJR
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RJR_Nabisco

then that person is hired away to resurrect IBM
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_V._Gerstner,_Jr.

he then goes on to be CEO of another large private equity (Carlyle Group 2003-2008)

Then the person that lost the bid for next CEO of AMEX
http://www.counterpunch.org/2012/05/15/why-jamie-dimons-2-billion-gambling-loss-will-not-speed-financial-reform/
the above includes this reference:
Back in 1986, Dimon was the bright young protege of "Sandy" Weill, when he was forced out of American Express in a coup de requin. Master and servant made their way to Baltimore, Maryland, where Weill acquired a storefront moneylending firm called Commercial Credit.

... snip ...

person that looses contest to be next CEO of AMEX later takes over Citi which is in violation of Glass-Steagall (& in the processcreates too-big-to-fail). Greenspan gives him an exemption while he lobbies for repeal of Glass-Steagall
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanford_I._Weill
and gets on times list of those responsible for the economic mess:
http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1877351_1877350_1877329,00.html
and his protege goes on to become head of JPMorgan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamie_Dimon
Greenspan (and head of Federal Reserve) is then also on times list of those responsible
http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1877351_1877350_1877331,00.html
and #4 on time's list of those responsible is head of SEC
http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1877351_1877350_1877323,00.html

Recent person responsible for too-big-to-fail comes out and suggests too-big-to-fail might not be the best idea (however as several have pointed out he has his money and got out).

recent post with various news URLs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#9 Sandy Weill's About-Face on Big Banks

more recent news URL

Ludicrous Times Op-Ed Forgets Entire Year of Wall Street History
http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/blogs/taibblog/ludicrous-times-op-ed-forgets-entire-year-of-wall-street-history-20120801

gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
private equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 02 Aug 2012 17:24:04 -0400
Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
as previous mentioned ... NSF wanted to give me $20M to do NSFNET T1 backbone ... but then budget cuts and other stuff ... and then they let RFP for NSFNET T1 backbone ... but internal politics prevented us from bidding. The winning NSFNET T1 backbone was for $11.2M and put in 440kbit/sec links. Sort of to meet the letter of the RFP ... they put in T1 trunks and telco multiplexor that would ran multiple 440kbit/links over T1 trunks. I would make snide comments about why couldn't they call it a T5 backbone ... since at some point some of the T1 trunks likely were, in turn, multiplexed over T5 trunks.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#29 History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#31 History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines

in the perioid of NSFNET T1 backbone activity ... the communication group was out with lots of vtam/sna mis-information (and its applicability to NSFNET T1 backbone ... even tho they didn't have T1 support; more obfuscation and misdirection). Somebody collected some number of their (mis-information) email and redistributed (this heavily pruned and redacted to protect the guilty)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email870109

misc. past posts mentioning nsfnet backbone
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet

the communication group also took the opportunity for mis-information justifying converting the internal network to vtam/sna
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#email870302
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#email870306

misc past posts mentioning internal network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Using NOTE and POINT simulation macros on CMS?

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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Using NOTE and POINT simulation macros on CMS?
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 2 Aug 2012 16:46:33 -0700
PaulGBoulder@AIM.COM (Paul Gilmartin) writes:
OS simulation was implemented only to the extent necessary to support (some of) the supported utilities. For example, PDS member statistics (the user info area) were deemed unnecessary and not implemented. ISPF/VM goes to outrageous gyrations with side-files to simulate them.

Long ago, a co-worker said VM would do well to abandon CMS and support MVT proper in a VM. But he's an acknowledged OS partisan.


cp67/cms group split off from science center, moved to the 3rd flr absorbing the ibm boston programming center (had been responsible for lots of stuff included cps ... conversational programming system that ran under mvt supporting both conversational basic & PLI) ... and then morphing into vm370/cms group and growing fast. it outgrew the 3rd floor and moved out to the old sbc bldg in burlington mall (sbc going to control data in legal settlement).

some of the people significantly enhanced o/s simulation ... at least doubling the amount of cms o/s simulation code .. creating joke that it simulated mvt much better than mvs (for less than 1% the code). provided o/s simulation both on cms filesystem as well on os/360 formated disks.

now in the aftermath of future system failure ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

and mad rush to get stuff back into 370 product pipelines (lots of 370 efforts had been killed off and/or at least suspended during future system period). part was q&d 3033 ... remapping 168-3 logic to faster chips overlapped with 3081 which was some left-over pieces from future system effort. some more detail here
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm

also head of POK convinced convinced corporate to kill off vm370, shutdown the burlington mall group, and move all the people to POK to work on mvs/xa (or otherwise mvs/xa wouldn't meet its ship date). they were woking on not letting vm370 group know until the last possible minute to minimize the number that might be able to escape the move. unfortantely the information leaked early, there was big witch hunt for the source of the leak ... and numerous excaped to various vendors in the area (joke that as result, head of POK was one of the major contributors to dec vax/vms).

in all of the commotion, the o/s simmulation enhancements evaporate ... never to be seen again.

endicott eventually managed to salvage the vm370/cms product mission, but had to reconstitute a development group from scratch. some amount of code quality comments on vmshare during the period reflects growing the new group.
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare/

later when company declared CMS strategic interactive platform (and abondoned TSO for that purpose) ... there was quite a bit of efforts getting CMS running on MVS. it was operational but because of all sorts of structural issues in MVS ... it would never achieve human factors and interactive characteristics.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 03 Aug 2012 09:51:04 -0400
hancock4 writes:
An article in the Western Union Technical Review describes how punched card data is translated from Hollerith to Baudot (5 bit) with error correction for numbers,

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#29 History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#31 History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#32 History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines

misc. Western Union, more amex, gerstner, etc lore.

1992, amex spins-off much of its card dataprocessing in the largest IPO up until that time, as "first data" (which includes amex moneygram)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Data

first data then is in bidding war with first financial for western union ... which is won by first financial. Later first data and first financial merge ... which requires first data to spin off moneygram (antitrust consideration).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Union

amex/sherson had been in bidding war with KKR over RJR
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shearson
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RJR_Nabisco

won by KKR
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohlberg_Kravis_Roberts

then KKR hires Gerstner in to come in and do turn arorund of RJR ... and then IBM board hires Gerstner to come in and resurrect IBM
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_V._Gerstner,_Jr.

then in 2007 KKR does reverse IPO ("one of the largest leveraged buyouts in history") of First Data (15 yrs after amex did spinoff of first data in largest IPO up until then).

disclaimer: I do stint as chief scientist at first data. slightly garbled here ... they came out and took pictures that appears in print version
https://web.archive.org/web/20190524015712/http://www.ibmsystemsmag.com/mainframe/stoprun/Stop-Run/Making-History/

Wiki lists Western Union hdqtrs as Englewood and First Data in Greenwood Village ... but they still may be the same bldg (I've been long gone).

misc. recent references:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#57 The Myth of Work-Life Balance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#21 Inventor of e-mail honored by Smithsonian
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#82 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#87 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#45 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#55 The Invention of Email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#15 Microsoft's Downfall: Inside the Executive E-mails and Cannibalistic Culture That Felled a Tech Giant
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#21 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Has anyone looked at ORIENTATION using the metaphor of 'An Adaptive Toolbox'?

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 03 Aug, 2012
Subject: Has anyone looked at ORIENTATION using the metaphor of 'An Adaptive Toolbox'?
Blog: Boyd Strategy
re:
http://lnkd.in/6BVW4E

The process of data->information->knowledge->wisdom&understanding could be interpreted as increased experience ... which could be ongoing, repeated OODA-loop cycles. However, Boyd would also emphasis looking from every possible perspective ... not just looking from the same perspective over&over again; the different perspectives more important to understanding than repeated refined observations from the same perspective (scientific process with compare&contrast).

recent comments about boyd and perspective:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#16 IBM cuts more than 1,000 U.S. Workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#88 Developing a Disruptive Mindset
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#64 Your Words Determine your Perspective
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#63 Is this Boyd's fundamental postulate, 'to improve our capacity for independent action'?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#51 Is this Boyd's fundamental postulate, 'to improve our capacity for independent action'? thoughts please
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#19 SnOODAn: Boyd, Snowden, and Resilience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#25 Two Articles of Interest on Culture and Things to Look For

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Race Against the Machine

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 03 Aug, 2012
Subject: Race Against the Machine
Blog: Boyd Strategy
re:
http://lnkd.in/5ajZxJ

are you playing straight-man? .... 1995, Seattle-Times was running blog discussion about what US economy would look like in 2020
http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19941225&slug=1949162

... I pontificated that if NSF & census data showing downward trend in the US continued ... that by 2020 only 3% of the US population would be positively employed.

the 1990 census data had half the manufacturing jobs in the US "subsidized" ... i.e. employee compensation was larger than the value of their work ... and half the 18yr olds were functionally illiterate (a percentage that had been increasing ... combination of declining education and technology raising the bar for what was needed to be "literate"). Previously, foreign auto makers setting up plants in the US had reported that in order to get workers with high-school education, they had to require junior college degree.

I only have this little bit on my webpages (although I still have the rest)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#8aa

some amount of the cited youtube references could just as well be from the early 90s, 20yrs ago.

US has been on downward slope for decades in numerous areas ... this has major turning point 79 or 80 ... not directly seen is all the stuff being skimmed off
http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2011/09/04/opinion/04reich-graphic.html

however quote attributable to Volcker from Confidence Men: Wall Street, Washington, and the Education of a President pg290
https://www.amazon.com/Confidence-Men-Washington-Education-ebook/dp/B0089LOKKS/

Well, I said, 'The trouble with the United States recently is we spent several decades not producing many civil engineers and producing a huge number of financial engineers. And the result is s*tty bridges and a s*tty financial system!'

... snip ...

long term lack of spending on infrastructure results in significant reduction of jobs ... lack of jobs eventually permeates into education programs (but this is something that can take decades to fully permeate through society and could take decades to turn around). Recent references are some number of infrastructure projects in the US are being outsource to Chinese corporations (that still have supply of necessary civil engineers). There have been some number of articles panning ghost city projects in China ... but the other side is that they've encouraged the production of the necessary engineers and experience and possibly anticipating new wave of rural to urban migration.

Part of the (software) coding issue is that there have rarely been large numbers that are as fluent in software language as in natural language. As a result, large number of code projects had to be reduced to nearly rote operation ... given the lack of experienced resources ... which makes them susceptible to various kinds of automation ... but has had a tendency to throw huge (low-skilled) numbers (similarity between US military ww2 strategy and "Mythical Man Month" tome).

US auto industry has also had a long slide. Early 80s there was article (Washington Post?) calling for 100% unearned profit tax on the US auto industry. The scenario was quotas were to reduce competition and give the US auto makers enormous increase in profits to completely remake themselves. However, they just pocketed the money and continued business as usual.

in 1990, the auto industry had the C4 task force to look at completely remaking themselves and because they were planning on heavily leveraging technology, representatives from technology vendors were invited to participate. At the C4 meetings they could articulate/characterize the competition and the changes needed in the US industry ... however as recently seen, they still weren't able to make the changes ... again continuing business as usual. There have been at least two iterations to completely remake themselves ... first 30yrs ago and then again more than 20yrs ago ... and none were successful.

Boyd's briefings in the 80s included that the US military paradigm from ww2 was starting to contaminate US corporations. At the entry to ww2, there was requirement to field huge numbers with little skills and experience. As a result they creating rigid, top-down, command and control structure to leverage the few resources available. Boyd's explanation was that by the 80s, lots of former US military officers trained in that rigid, top-down, command&control paradigm were starting to permeate US corporations. This has been used more recently to explain the ratio of executive to worker compensation exploding to over 400:1 (after having been 20:1 for a long time and 10:1 in most of the rest of the world; Stiglitz recently commented that it has reached 1000:1 in some places) ... the assumption that only those at the very top know what they are doing (and everybody else have no skills) justifying the enormous gap

recent posts mentioning "Confidence Men", C4 task force &/or NYTimes economic timeline article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#17 What's your favorite quote on "accountability"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#21 Zombie Banks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#22 Who originated the phrase "user-friendly"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#25 You may ask yourself, well, how did I get here?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#31 Who originated the phrase "user-friendly"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#44 Who originated the phrase "user-friendly"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#47 Avoiding a lost decade
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#48 Fed's image tarnished by newly released documents
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#72 Chris Dodd's SOPA crusading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#43 Where are all the old tech workers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#2 Occupy the SEC (Securities & Exchange Commission)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#5 Too big not to fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#19 Occupy the SEC Pitches An Extreme Makeover of Wall Street
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#26 Why Can't America Catch UP?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#32 US real-estate has lost $7T in value
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#40 Where are all the old tech workers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#63 The Economist's Take on Financial Innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#54 IBM cuts more than 1,000 U.S. Workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#78 Time to Think ... and to Listen
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#13 The White House and Mortgage Fraud: So Far It's All Talk, No Action
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#66 Predator GE: We Bring Bad Things to Life
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#67 Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#77 Vampire Squid
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#83 Why Can't Obama Bring Wall Street to Justice?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#88 Defense acquisitions are broken and no one cares
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#9 JPM LOSES $2 BILLION USD!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#16 Psychology Of Fraud: Why Good People Do Bad Things
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#30 24/7/365 appropriateness was Re: IBMLink outages in 2012
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#48 Owl: China Swamps US Across the Board -- Made in China Computer Chips Have Back Doors, 45 Other "Ways & Means" Sucking Blood from US
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#56 Why Hasn't The Government Prosecuted Anyone For The 2008 Financial recession?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#80 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#3 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#18 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#25 US economic update. Everything that follows is a result of what you see here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#27 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#31 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#32 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#36 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#37 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#38 Other Than In Computers, Civilization Basically Stopped Progressing In The 1960s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#39 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#44 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#46 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#64 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#77 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#1 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#6 Good article. Friday discussion type
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#10 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#48 Thousands Of IBM Employees Got A Nasty Surprise Yesterday: Here's The Email They Saw
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#86 Should the IBM approach be given a chance to fix the health care system?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#24 Why Asian companies struggle to manage global workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#28 Why Asian companies struggle to manage global workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#86 Study: One in Five Firms Misrepresent Earnings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#7 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#21 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

If all of the American earned dollars hidden in off shore accounts were uncovered and taxed do you think we would be able to close the deficit gap?

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 03 Aug, 2012
Subject: If all of the American earned dollars hidden in off shore accounts were uncovered and taxed do you think we would be able to close the deficit gap?
Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and Security
recent reference:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#81 GBP13tn: hoard hidden from taxman by global elite

During first decade of century, CBO has cut in revenue of $6T and increase in spending of $6T for a budget gap of $12T (compared to baseline which had all federal debt retired by 2010). Much of this happened after congress allowed the fiscal responsibility act to expire in 2002 (required matching spending and tax revenue) and things really started to get horribly skewed.

First major legislation after allowing fiscal responsibility act to expire was Medicare Part-D ... which comptroller general has characterized as a long term $40T unfunded mandate that comes to swamp all other items. CBS 60mins did segment on part-d legislation ... identified 18 on capital hill (elected & staffers) that moved the bill through. At the last minute they insert a one-line sentence that prohibits competitive bidding and prevents CBO from distributing report on effect of that one sentence until after the vote. After the bill passes, all 18 have resigned and are on drug industry payrolls.

$2T of the $6T increase in spending the last decade (over baseline) was for DOD, $1T for wars but it is difficult to find if there is anything to show for the other $1T. There also seems to be little or nothing to show for the other $4T increase in spending or the $6T cut in tax revenue ... aka can sort of account for $1T of the $12T in budget gap.

In 2009, there is news that IRS is going after 52,000 americans hiding income in off-shore accounts. In 2010, there is news that congress is cutting IRS funds for enforcement of hiding income off-shore. In 2010, there are also articles about too-big-to-fail are turning Mexico into another Colombia with all the money laundering for the drug cartels ... and too-big-to-jail term is also used. Part of the issue is how much of it is just for fraudulent tax purposes and how much of it is income from illegal activities. With the enormous amount of activity going on with off-shore accounts and no enforcement ... there is little way of telling

recent posts mentioning $12T budget gap and/or off-shore banking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#0 Revolution Through Banking?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#29 Mitt Romney avoids U.S tax by using Offshore bank accounts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#34 Mitt Romney avoids U.S tax by using Offshore bank accounts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#37 Romney's Opponents Intensify Attacks as Voting Nears
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#40 Age of Greed: The Triumph of Finance and the Decline of America, 1970 to the Present
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#95 Bank of America Fined $1 Billion for Mortgage Fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#31 US real-estate has lost $7T in value
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#39 Greek knife to Wall Street
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#50 They're Trying to Block Military Cuts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#52 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#53 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#42 China's J-20 Stealth Fighter Is Already Doing A Whole Lot More Than Anyone Expected
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#46 Is Washington So Bad at Strategy?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#53 "Scoring" The Romney Tax Plan: Trillions Of Dollars Of Deficits As Far As The Eye Can See
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#60 Memory versus processor speed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#69 Memory versus processor speed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#16 Wonder if they know how Boydian they are?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#25 We are on the brink of historic decision [referring to defence cuts]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#35 The Dallas Fed Is Calling For The Immediate Breakup Of Large Banks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#37 The $30 billion Social Security hack
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#40 Who Increased the Debt?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#58 Word Length
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#25 Time to competency for new software language?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#31 Rome speaks to us. Their example can inspire us to avoid their fate
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#61 Zakaria: by itself, Buffett rule is good
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#68 'Gutting' Our Military
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#81 The Pentagon's New Defense Clandestine Service
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#88 Defense acquisitions are broken and no one cares
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#6 Adult Supervision
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#9 JPM LOSES $2 BILLION USD!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#10 Accidentally Released - and Incredibly Embarrassing - Documents Show How Goldman et al Engaged in 'Naked Short Selling'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#45 Fareed Zakaria
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#61 Why Hasn't The Government Prosecuted Anyone For The 2008 Financial recession?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#75 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#83 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#5 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#6 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#18 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#25 US economic update. Everything that follows is a result of what you see here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#26 US economic update. Everything that follows is a result of what you see here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#27 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#30 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#33 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#50 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#61 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#68 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#0 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#14 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#41 Lawmakers reworked financial portfolios after talks with Fed, Treasury officials
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#81 Should the IBM approach be given a chance to fix the health care system?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#25 This Is The Wall Street Scandal Of All Scandals

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Four Signs Your Awesome Investment May Actually Be A Ponzi Scheme

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 03 Aug, 2012
Subject: Four Signs Your Awesome Investment May Actually Be A Ponzi Scheme
Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and Security
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#22 Four Signs Your Awesome Investment May Actually Be A Ponzi Scheme

Pimco's Bill Gross Says Stocks Were A Ponzi Scheme For The Last Hundred Years
http://www.forbes.com/sites/steveschaefer/2012/07/31/pimcos-bill-gross-says-stocks-are-a-ponzi-scheme/

The Price of Inequality: How Today's Divided Society Endangers Our Future (Joseph E. Stiglitz) pg35/loc1174-76:
Making markets less transparent is a favorite tool. The more transparent markets are, the more competitive they are likely to be. Bankers know this. That's why banks have been fighting to keep their business in writing derivatives, the risky products that were at the center of AIG's collapse, in the shadows of the "over the counter" market.

pg36/loc1182-85
While lack of transparency results in more profits for the bankers, it leads to lower economic performance. Without good information, capital markets can't exercise any discipline. Money won't go to where returns are highest, or to the bank that does the best job of managing money. No one can know the true financial position of a bank or other financial institution today--and shadowy derivative transactions are part of the reason.

... aka transparency&visibility antithesis of trader culture.

no.2 responsible for financial crisis:
http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1877351_1877350_1877330,00.html

glba, commodities futures act, Enron, Worldcom, AIG, repeal Glass-Steagall, preventing CDSs from being regulated, eliminating regulations, cutting regulation funding, and pressure to not enforce regulation.

Gramm and the 'Enron Loophole'
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/17/business/17grammside.html
Enron was a major contributor to Mr. Gramm's political campaigns, and Mr. Gramm's wife, Wendy, served on the Enron board, which she joined after stepping down as chairwoman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.

... snip ...

and an older article: Phil Gramm's Enron Favor
https://web.archive.org/web/20080711114839/http://www.villagevoice.com/2002-01-15/news/phil-gramm-s-enron-favor/
A few days after she got the ball rolling on the exemption, Wendy Gramm resigned from the commission. Enron soon appointed her to its board of directors, where she served on the audit committee, which oversees the inner financial workings of the corporation. For this, the company paid her between $915,000 and $1.85 million in stocks and dividends, as much as $50,000 in annual salary, and $176,000 in attendance fees,

... snip ...

no. 3 responsible for financial crisis:
http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1877351_1877350_1877331,00.html

Greenspan Slept as Off-Books Debt Escaped Scrutiny
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601109&refer=home&sid=aYJZOB_gZi0I
That same year Greenspan, Treasury Secretary Robert Rubin and SEC Chairman Arthur Levitt opposed an attempt by Brooksley Born, head of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, to study regulating over-the-counter derivatives. In 2000, Congress passed a law keeping them unregulated.

... snip ...

Brooksley was fairly quickly replaced by Wendy Gramm as head of Commodity Futures Trading Commission, before Wendy then resigned to join Enron's board.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sat, 04 Aug 2012 09:02:21 -0400
Morten Reistad <first@last.name> writes:
The overhangs were pretty obvious to economists by ca late 1926 and early 2004 respectively. From then on the ecomomy was in pretty obvious bubble territory. I was first warned against this bubble in late 2002.

Pimco's Bill Gross Says Stocks Were A Ponzi Scheme For The Last Hundred Years
http://www.forbes.com/sites/steveschaefer/2012/07/31/pimcos-bill-gross-says-stocks-are-a-ponzi-scheme/

a couple recent posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#22 Four Signs Your Awesome Investment May Actually Be A Ponzi Scheme
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#38 Four Signs Your Awesome Investment May Actually Be A Ponzi Scheme

The Price of Inequality: How Today's Divided Society Endangers Our Future (Joseph E. Stiglitz) pg35/loc1174-76:
Making markets less transparent is a favorite tool. The more transparent markets are, the more competitive they are likely to be. Bankers know this. That's why banks have been fighting to keep their business in writing derivatives, the risky products that were at the center of AIG's collapse, in the shadows of the "over the counter" market.

pg36/loc1182-85
While lack of transparency results in more profits for the bankers, it leads to lower economic performance. Without good information, capital markets can't exercise any discipline. Money won't go to where returns are highest, or to the bank that does the best job of managing money. No one can know the true financial position of a bank or other financial institution today--and shadowy derivative transactions are part of the reason.

... snip ...

reference cluster scale-up & supercomputers, early Jan92 meeting in Ellison's conference room (about having 128-way ye1992)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa
possibly within hrs of last email in above (late Jan92), effort is transferred and we are told we can't work on anything with more than four processors, a couple weeks later this press (about *also* having supercomputer 128-way by ye1992)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters1

we decide to leave. also two other people in the ellison meeting, leave and show up at small client/server startup responsible for something called the "commerce server". We are brought in as consultants because they want to do payment transactions on their server; the startup had also invented technology they called "SSL" they want to use; the result is now frequently called "electronic commerce".

somewhat as a result of the "electronic commerce" work, in the mid-90s, we are asked to participate in the x9a10 financial standards working group that had been given the requirement to preserve the integrity of the financial infrastructure for all retail payments.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#x959

One of the other members is from NSCC and later I'm asked in to look at improving the integrity of exchange trading transactions (this was before NSCC merges with DTC to become DTCC). I work on it for some time and then am told that it is suspended, side-effect of the integrity work would be greatly improved transparency and visibility ... antithetical to trading culture.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depository_Trust_%26_Clearing_Corporation

other recent posts mentioning transparency&visibility
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#5 We are on the brink of a historic decision [referring to defence cuts]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#70 Regulatory Agency logo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#71 What's your favorite quote on "accountability"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#87 The PC industry is heading for collapse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#44 What's the most interesting thing you do in your non-work life?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#54 The New Age Bounty Hunger -- Showdown at the SEC Corral
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#70 Four Sources of Trust, Crypto Not Scaling
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#0 New theory of moral behavior may explain recent ethical lapses in banking industry
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#13 Study links ultrafast machine trading with risk of crash
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#25 Goldman Sachs P.R. Chief's Accidental Exit Interview
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#36 US real-estate has lost $7T in value
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#69 Memory versus processor speed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#71 Memory versus processor speed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#23 Are mothers naturally better at OODA because they always have the Win in mind?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#57 speculation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#82 Fighting Cyber Crime with Transparency
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#38 UK firms need to 'fess up to security boobs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#71 When Mobile Telecommunications Routes Become Banks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#74 Psychology Of Fraud: Why Good People Do Bad Things
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#80 The Failure of Central Planning
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#86 The Dangers of High-Frequency Trading; Wall Street's Speed Freaks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#6 Adult Supervision
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#14 Psychology Of Fraud: Why Good People Do Bad Things
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#11 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#30 US Senate proposes national data breach notification act
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#51 Is this Boyd's fundamental postulate, 'to improve our capacity for independent action'? thoughts please
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#63 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#65 Thousands Of IBM Employees Got A Nasty Surprise Yesterday: Here's The Email They Saw
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#13 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#20 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Core characteristics of resilience

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 04 Aug, 2012
Subject: Core characteristics of resilience
Blog: Homeland Security Watch
Core characteristics of resilience
http://www.hlswatch.com/2012/08/02/core-characteristics-of-resilience/

Boyd: The Fighter Pilot Who Changed the Art of War (Robert Coram) pg281/loc4905-6:
He stalked the office, staring at his underlings, then suddenly walking up to them, sticking a bony finger into their chest, and saying things such as, "If your boss demands loyalty, give him integrity. But if he demands integrity, then give him loyalty."

... snip ...

In briefings, in addition to OODA-loop ... Boyd would also stress repeatedly to take subject from all possible perspectives (being able to compare&contrast) ... not simple repeating same sort of observation. In his Organic Design For Command and Control briefing he would stress inability of rigid, top-down, command&control structure to adapt ... that was used by US military in ww2 and was starting to contaminate US corporate culture.

There has been some discussion that Boyd's OODA-loop comes from his experience in aerial dog fights ... but there is also aerial view of military events on the ground provides a different perspective ... sort of Flatlanders theme (difference between 2d perspective and 3d perspective).

US has been on downward slope for decades in numerous areas ... Boyd's comments about US military rigid, top-down, command&control structure starting to contaminate corporate culture corresponds approx. with this turning point at the end of the 70s
http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2011/09/04/opinion/04reich-graphic.html

quote attributable to Volcker from Confidence Men: Wall Street, Washington, and the Education of a President pg290
https://www.amazon.com/Confidence-Men-Washington-Education-ebook/dp/B0089LOKKS/
Well, I said, 'The trouble with the United States recently is we spent several decades not producing many civil engineers and producing a huge number of financial engineers. And the result is s*tty bridges and a s*tty financial system!'

... snip ...

not spending on infrastructure, results in no jobs which over the decades result in decline of univ. programs. News about recent infrastructure is that they are being outsource to Chinese corporations which have the civil engineers. Large factor in lack of resilience is failing/fragile infrastructure. Note that lots of the focus has been to converge to single variable optimization (not able to really understand the issues, represent as a single measure that trivializes complexity with simple moves up&down).

At the same time as Boyd was warning about US military rigid, top-down, command&control contaminating US corporate culture, articles started appearing about the dangers of the rise of the MBA culture and the religion of qtrly numbers. The single variable optimization also is counter to Boyd's constantly looking from every possible perspective. Boyd's ODCC briefing also is about moving decisions to lowest possible level ... to the people with the most experience closest to the problem.

The genesis of the military rigid, top-down, command&control was at entry to WW2, huge numbers of soldiers had to be fielded with little or no experience and it was used to leverage the few experienced, skilled available resources. The contamination of US corporate culture result is belief that only the few executives at the very top know what they are doing and everybody else doesn't. This has been used to explain the reports that ratio of executive to worker compensation has exploded to 400:1 (after having been 20:1 for a long time and 10:1 in much of the rest of the world, Stiglitz recently stated it reached 1000:1 in some places).

The belief that only a few executives at the top know what they are doing may be a self-fulfilling ... they then move the jobs to places in the world where the workers are cheaper and don't actually have the experience.

The NYTimes graphics is also blogged here:
http://globalguerrillas.typepad.com/globalguerrillas/2011/10/journal-why-the-us-middle-class-is-broken.html
person also runs
http://www.resilientcommunities.com/

much shorter list from "Quiet"
https://www.amazon.com/Quiet-Power-Introverts-Talking-ebook/dp/B004J4WNL2

claims that America suffers from the rise of "cult of personality" in the last century at the expense of "character". This is similar to Boyd's To Be or To Do:
"There are two career paths in front of you, and you have to choose which path you will follow. One path leads to promotions, titles, and positions of distinction .... The other path leads to doing things that are truly significant for the Air Force, but the rewards will quite often be a kick in the stomach because you may have to cross swords with the party line on occasion. You can't go down both paths, you have to choose. Do you want to be a man of distinction or do you want to do things that really influence the shape of the Air Force? To be or to do, that is the question." Colonel John R. Boyd, USAF 1927-1997

From the dedication of Boyd Hall, United States Air Force Weapons School, Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada. 17 September 1999


A co-worker had decided to find Spinney's phone number and call him up after seeing the '83 times article ... behind paywall but also mostly lives free at the wayback machine:
https://web.archive.org/web/20070320170523/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,953733,00.html
also
https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,953733,00.html

Spinney told him to call Boyd. Boyd suggested doing his briefing. I then was con'ed into sponsoring Boyd's briefings at IBM. First time was just Patterns of Conflict ... but he was working on Organic Design For Command and Control ... and from then on he insisted doing both in single day. Spinney's bio of Boyd (from USNI proceedings):
http://radio-weblogs.com/0107127/stories/2002/12/23/genghisJohnChuckSpinneysBioOfJohnBoyd.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Cloud Computing

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 04 Aug, 2012
Subject: Cloud Computing
Blog: LinkedIn
My wife was co-author of AWP39, "peer-to-peer" networking in same time frame as early SNA; had to qualify with "peer-to-peer" since SNA had misappropriated term "networking" for their hierarchical dumb terminal control infrastructure. Much of SNA was to meet the objectives of "Future System" (high integration as countermeasure to clone controllers)
https://www.ecole.org/en/session/49-the-rise-and-fall-of-ibm
Once IBM had acknowledged this failure, it launched its 'box strategy', which called for competitiveness with all the different types of compatible sub-systems.

... snip ...

misc. past posts mentioning Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

misc. past posts mentioning communication group dumb terminal paradigm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal

Much of the public cloud is drive more money out of their investment in commodity computing ... provide anytime, anywhere, on demand computing. IBM sells max z196 with 80procs at $28M and rated for 50BIPS ($560,000/BIPS). IBM lists base price for e5-2600 blade as $1815 and e5-2600 blade has been benchmarked at 527BIPS ($3.50/BIPS). There are reports that large public cloud megadatacenters build their own blades for 1/3rd the cost of brand name blades (possibly $1/BIPS). Google & Amazon are getting into competition offering "on-demand", anytime e5-2600 blade for couple $/hr. Aggregations of on-demand, anytime blades have ranked high up in the top100 supercomputers

There were several commercial virtual machine CP67 online services in the 60s that were public cloud like operations and dealt with many of the issues with drastically reducing cost and on-demand. One of the issues was encouraging off-shift use, the systems had to be available 7x24 ... which involved reducing off-shift costs as much as possible ... dark room operation, running w/o operator. Also systems were leased and charges were based on system meter which ran whenever CPU &/or channel was busy. Special hack was done so input from terminals could come in on-demand but channel wouldn't cause meter to run otherwise (neat trick!).

Another issue was in the 60s, systems had to be taken off-line for maintenance ... to provide 7x24 availability ... they had to have loosely-coupled support and non-disruptive active process migration ... so end-users wouldn't see any interruption if whole system was taken down for maintenance (move users between systems in loosely-coupled configuration w/o them even being aware that it was happening ... and then could actively transparently load-balance active users when systems were brought back online).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#timeshare

Major SNA design (from FS) was hierarchical dumb terminal support with tight integration between pu4/pu5, 3705/vtam as countermeasure to clone controllers.

disclaimer: as undergraduate at univ. in 60s, I had added tty/ascii support to cp67 and tried to get terminal controller to do something that it couldn't quite do. this motivated univ. to start clone controller project ... taking interdata/3 programmed to emulate terminal controller, building channel interface board, supporting additional features that I wanted. interdata picked implementation and sold to customers. later four of us got written up as responsible for (some part of) clone controller business. P/E later bought interdata and marketed it under their own logo (at least well through 80s, especially in fed. gov markets)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm

misc. recent posts mentioning e5-2600
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#41 Layer 8: NASA unplugs last mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#50 Layer 8: NASA unplugs last mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#64 Layer 8: NASA unplugs last mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#3 NASA unplugs their last mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#4 Memory versus processor speed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#94 Can Mainframes Be Part Of Cloud Computing?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#99 Can Mainframes Be Part Of Cloud Computing?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#105 Burroughs B5000, B5500, B6500 videos
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#0 Burroughs B5000, B5500, B6500 videos
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#4 Can Mainframes Be Part Of Cloud Computing?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#7 Burroughs B5000, B5500, B6500 videos
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#36 Should IBM allow the use of Hercules as z system emulator?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#38 Should IBM allow the use of Hercules as z system emulator?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#4 Think You Know The Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#20 Mainframes Warming Up to the Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#35 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#52 How will mainframers retiring be different from Y2K?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#62 What are your experiences with Amdahl Computers and Plug-Compatibles?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#70 How many cost a cpu second?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#11 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#16 Think You Know The Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#84 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#88 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#1 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#34 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#46 Word Length
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#66 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#95 printer history Languages influenced by PL/1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#96 The older Hardware school

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The IBM "Open Door" policy

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 05 Aug, 2012
Subject: The IBM "Open Door" policy
Blog: Greater IBM
I wrote a suggestion that showed $12m savings per year ... supposedly suggestion awards are good for a month savings. I got back written response saying the suggestion was rejected ... and then it was adopted 3months later.

My understanding was that in Europe, different laws resulted in things being slightly different. This came up with internally developed BROWSE/FULIST/IOS3270. It also came up with internally developed (email client) VMSG. The PROFS group had picked up very early VMSG source for use for the PROFS email client. Later when the VMSG author offered a much enhanced and more complete version, the PROFS group tried to get him fired (having taken credit for everything in PROFS). Things quieted down after it was demonstrated that every PROFS email in the world included the VMSG author's initials (in non-displayed field). After that, the VMSG author would only release/share source with two people.

early 80s (been with company over decade, I had been told numerous times I had no career, promotions or raises), I wrote a "open door" letter about being significantly underpaid. I got written response back from HR saying my complete employment history had been investigated and I was making exactly what I was suppose to. I took copies of original and the response and sent it back to HR with cover letter explaining ... I had been asked to interview people for a new group that I was suppose to provide technical direction for. HR was making offers for new hires that were 1/3rd more than I was currently making, so obviously their previous response was untrue. I never got a written response but within a month I got 1/3rd raise (so I was on level playing ground with what they were offering new hires). People would remind me that business ethics is an oxymoron.

slightly related, greater ibm had started discussion recently on facebook with picture of the "How to Stuff a Wild Duck" poster
https://www.facebook.com/lynn.wheeler/posts/370457343027776
archived posts in the thread:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#23 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#24 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#26 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#28 How to Stuff a Wild Duck

and for other drift ... old post about looking at copyrighting business science
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#8aa

Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty
https://www.amazon.com/Why-Nations-Fail-Prosperity-ebook/dp/B0058Z4NR8

discusses about the US patent system originally being targeted to protect small inventors and encouraging change and innovation ... however, more & more recently the patent system has been compromised, being used by large institutions to protect the status quo (aka it isn't just "open door" and "speak-ups" )

As I've mentioned before, I was blamed for online computer discussions & online computer conferencing on the internal network in the late 70s and early 80s. Folklore is that when the executive committee were told about online computer activity (and the internal network), 5of6 wanted to fire me. Just one of the reasons for being told didn't have career, promotions, raises.

recent posts mentioning VMSG, PROFS, open door &/or raises
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#17 Inventor of e-mail honored by Smithsonian
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#24 Inventor of e-mail honored by Smithsonian
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#37 IBM cuts more than 1,000 U.S. Workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#47 You Don't Need a Cyber Attack to Take Down The North American Power Grid
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#49 Do you know where all your sensitive data is located?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#55 Just for a laugh... How to spot an old IBMer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#77 Just for a laugh... How to spot an old IBMer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#42 Simulated PDP-11 Blinkenlight front panel for SimH
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#48 Thousands Of IBM Employees Got A Nasty Surprise Yesterday: Here's The Email They Saw
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#65 Thousands Of IBM Employees Got A Nasty Surprise Yesterday: Here's The Email They Saw

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Core characteristics of resilience

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 05 Aug, 2012
Subject: Core characteristics of resilience
Blog: Homeland Security Watch
Core characteristics of resilience
http://www.hlswatch.com/2012/08/02/core-characteristics-of-resilience/
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#40 Core characteristics of resilience

Circa 2000 we were asked to look at improving the integrity of the supporting documents in securitized mortgage instruments (CDOs). Fraudulent supporting documents in conjunction with securitized mortgage instruments (for obfuscation) had been used during the S&L crisis. However, the loan origination industry then found out that they could pay the rating agencies for triple-A ratings on CDOs (congressional testimony into the pivotal role that rating agencies played in the crash was that both the sellers and rating agencies knew they weren't worth triple-A). Triple-A ratings trump everything, including supporting documents. Loan originators realized with triple-A ratings they could do liar loans, didn't have to care about borrowers qualifications and/or loan quality and no longer needed supporting documents. Without supporting documents, there is no longer an issue of supporting document integrity.

As things were crashing ... there was lots of obfuscation and misdirection about the triple-A rated toxic CDOs ... claiming that the instruments were so complex it was difficult to correctly evaluate ... but once they were paying for guaranteed triple-A rating (w/o evaluation), they dropped having the supporting documents that would have been needed in order to perform any kind of evaluation.

My problem is that the issue of data has frequently been used for obfuscation and misdirection.

During the S&L crisis they never had triple-A rating and only limited market. The (guaranteed, paid-for) triple-A rating opened up market that was restricted to only dealing in ("safe") triple-A (like large retirement funds) ... and were able to do $27T during the bubble.
Evil Wall Street Exports Boomed With 'Fools' Born to Buy Debt
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601109&refer=home&sid=a0jln3.CSS6c

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Slackware

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Slackware
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 05 Aug 2012 17:05:41 -0400
kenney writes:
The first company to shift clones in the UK home market was Amstrad with the IIRC 1510. That came with DOS, CPM 86 and Gem for a price that was comparable with an 8 bit system. Of course Amstrad blew it with the next model when they chose the wrong hard disk supplier. Still the point is that there was a price point for home use in the UK and none of the early clone makers reached it. US suppliers were converting dollar to sterling prices on a one to one exchange rate. I have not seen definite figures but I believe Commodore sold far more of the Amiga than their PC clones to the home market.

Amstrad was well aware of price points having started by selling audio systems.


88 summer/fall, far east clone makers were building up huge inventory of 286 clones for the consumer xmas season. then intel introduced 386sx which totally underecut the 286 clone market ... that xmas season was mostly 386sx and eventually forced the 286 clones to be unloaded at fire sale prices. 386 wiki
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_80386

i was starting to have minor skirmish with Boca ... who was claiming that the PC market prices were holding much higher than what was actually happening. internally I started publishing/distributing quantity-one consumer prices from sunday newspaper .... which were radically less than what was being claimed by Boca. old post with pieces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#81
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#82

earlier posts in above thread with pieces of articles on PC market from the era:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#79
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#80

The head of PS2 group then hires/contracts with dataquest (since bought by Gartner) for extensive study about the PC market and where it is headed in the future. Contract calls for live, video taped roundtable with dozen "experts" from silicon valley. I know the dataquest person handling the contract and am asked to be one of the silicon valley experts. I get approval from my executive management on the condition that Dataquest fudge by bio and intro on the video.

other past posts mentioning 386sx:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#61 IBM zSeries in HPC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004b.html#1 The BASIC Variations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005q.html#33 Intel strikes back with a parallel x86 design
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007h.html#47 ANN: Microsoft goes Open Source
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007h.html#49 ANN: Microsoft goes Open Source
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008d.html#60 more on (the new 40+ yr old) virtualization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008k.html#69 Crippleware: hardware examples
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#7 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#12 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#37 floating point, was System/3--IBM compilers (languages) available?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#8 Mainframe upgrade done with wire cutters?

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

If all of the American earned dollars hidden in off shore accounts were uncovered and taxed do you think we would be able to close the deficit gap?

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 05 Aug, 2012
Subject: If all of the American earned dollars hidden in off shore accounts were uncovered and taxed do you think we would be able to close the deficit gap?
Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and Security
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#37 If all of the American earned dollars hidden in off shore accounts were uncovered and taxed do you think we would be able to close the deficit gap?

and from 22july thread:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#81 GBP13tn: hoard hidden from taxman by global elite

GBP13tn: hoard hidden from taxman by global elite * Study estimates staggering size of offshore economy * Private banks help wealthiest to move cash into havens
http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/jul/21/global-elite-tax-offshore-economy

post to linkedin automatically translated GBP13tn to $21tn

Wealth doesn't trickle down -- it just floods offshore, new research reveals; A far-reaching new study suggests a staggering $21tn in assets has been lost to global tax havens. If taxed, that could have been enough to put parts of Africa back on its feet -- and even solve the euro crisis
http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/jul/21/offshore-wealth-global-economy-tax-havens
Tax havens: Super-rich 'hiding' at least $21tn
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-18944097
Tax Justice Network: Wealth Held in Tax Havens Skyrockets
http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2012/07/22/tax-justice-network-wealth-held-in-tax-havens-skyrockets/
Wealthy hiding $21 trillion in tax havens, report says
http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2012/07/22/tax-havens.html
$US21 trillion 'hidden in tax havens'
http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-07-23/31-trillion-dollars-hidden-in-tax-haven/4147114

some of the estimated $21T in offshore accounts was stripped from developing countries, facilitated by immense corruption aided and abetted by US interests:
https://www.amazon.com/Confessions-Economic-Hit-Man-ebook/dp/B001AFF266
https://www.amazon.com/Why-Nations-Fail-Prosperity-ebook/dp/B0058Z4NR8
https://www.amazon.com/The-Next-Convergence-Multispeed-ebook/dp/B004EPYWCO/

...

This has estimate between $21T and $32T:
http://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2012/08/pirate-banking-21-to-32-trillion-in-estimated-tax-haven-money-managed-by-big-global-banks.html

... this older reference also mentions between $21T & $32T but also mentions lost tax revenue $280B which is 1.3% (of $21T) ... wrong decimal? 13% would be $2.8T
http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-07-23/31-trillion-dollars-hidden-in-tax-haven/4147114

... 15% of $32T would be $4.8T tax revenue. If could really get 41% of $32T that would be $13T

The counter is things were under control with the fiscal responsibility act and all federal debt would be retired by 2010. Then congress let the act expire in 2002 and went budget crazy (no longer having to match spending with revenue). As mentioned, in the middle of the last decade, the comptroller general would included in his speeches references to nobody in congress was capable of middle school arithmetic (based on what they were doing to the budget).

In the early part of the century there were reports that the head of federal reserve was very concerned about what would happen to the economy if there was no federal debt (apparently helping with the justification for letting the fiscal responsibility act expire and immediate carte blanche for eliminating taxes and tax enforcement as well as unlimited spending spree). The head of federal reserve was also part of pervasive regulatory 3-monkeys (see no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil) resulting in the economic disaster. on times list of those responsible
http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1877351_1877350_1877331,00.html

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Slackware

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Slackware
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 06 Aug 2012 10:19:36 -0400
jmfbahciv <See.above@aol.com> writes:
This was the era which we called distributed processing. Part of the results of this era was remote stations with laser printers. Do you remember when those showed up?

There was (estimated) man-centuries of discussions about how a computer center would manage such a widespread configuration of hardware. BACKUPs, security, and comm and networking development was needed. From the stories I heard, IBM had similar problems to solve even though they were very, very, very good at dealing with data and disk farms.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#44 Slackware

but late 80s was when senior disk engineer got talk scheduled at world-wide, annual, internal communication group conference and opened the talk with the statement that the communication group would be responsible for the demise of the disk division (which has since come to pass). The point was that the communication group had stranglehold on the datacenter (with its strategic ownership of everything that crossed the datacenter walls) and disk division was seeing downturn in disk sales as data was fleeing datacenter to more distributed computing friendling platforms. The solutions developed by the disk division were being vetoed by the communication group as part of attempting to fight off client/server and distributed computing, protecting its dumb terminal paradigm and terminal emulation install base.

the disk division then changed strategy and instead of developing their own solutions (that could be vetoed by the communication group), they started investing in other companies that had solutions to help mainframes play in distributed computing. however, it turned out not to be enough to save them, the stranglehold that the communication group had on the datacenter almost taking down the whole corporation in the early 90s.

Internally, i had done cmsback in the late 70s ... which went through a number of internal releases. then the research division morphed into customer product called workstation datasave facility (being able to backup workstations&PCs on mainframe, for some strange reason this didn't directly violate communication group strategy, part of it was backup was protocol agnostic so could run over terminal emulation interface). the disk division morphs WDSF into ADSM (adstar storage manager, as part of the downturn, the company was being reorged into breakup into individual components, this was before Gerstner was brought in and stopped the breakup; adstar was being positioned as the corporate name for the disk division spin-off). ADSM still survives as TSM. misc. past posts mentioning cmsback, wdsf, adsm, tsm, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#backup
a couple old emails mentioning cmsback
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#cmsback

one of the disk division investments was Mesa Archival. NCAR in boulder
http://ncar.ucar.edu/

had network file system using ibm mainframe and HYPERchannel. with congress passing legislation encouraging gov. entities to do technology transfer as part of improving US competitiveness, saw all sorts of new activity focused on commericalizing gov. technology. LANL did their IBM mainframe-based network filesystem spinoff as Datatree (managed by General Atomics out of san diego supercomputing center), LLNL was doing their Cray-based network filesystem as Unitree, as well as NCAR doing Mesa Archival.

I had number interactions with NCAR on its hyperchannel support over the years ... I was sort of the corporate resource for hyperchannel ... having been con'ed into writing support in 1980 that allowed IMS group to have local channel-attached 3270s when they were moved to offsite building (used hyperchannel as mainframe channel extender). The IMS group had been offered "remote 3270s" (running over communication group products) ... but found the human factors atrocious and totally unacceptable. In any case, the disk division con'ed me into spending some time being their interface trying to help get Mesa Archival up and running.

some mention of hyperchannel in these past posts related to my activity that I called high-speed data transport
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
AMEX, Private Equity, IBM related Gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner

In the early 90s, the disk division was sponsoring studies and reports that showed 50% of companies that had unbacked-up, critical disk failure, declared bankruptcy within the first month or two (loss of customer contacts, account receivables, billing information, etc). They couldn't stop the trend of data fleeing the datacenter to distributed computing environment ... but they were at least trying to justify using the datacenter as a distributed computing backup resource.

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

T-carrier

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: T-carrier
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 07 Aug 2012 09:36:09 -0400
Renaissance <glucasole@tiscali.it> writes:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-carrier

Wondering how this fast communication tecnology was developed so early (I believed was created in the 80s...), I ask: what technical reasons led Arpanet backbone being so limited (even in the 70s) in comparison of T-channel tecnology?


mention doing mainframe hyperchannel channel extender support in 1980, so could put channel attached 3270 controllers at remote building ... to provide decent human response for IMS group:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#46 Slackware

in the 70s, plant-site put in T3 collins digital radio between bldg.12 and santa terresa lab (with repeater tower on the hill between two locations, for awhile after elevated highway 85 went in ... it was on edge of signal between bldg 12 and the repeater and would set off radar detectors) and between bldg. 12 and bldg. 29 (los gatos lab).

The IMS group went into offsite bldg. just off the main plant site. Channel extender was done with T1 channel (on the digital radio) between santa teresa lab and bldg. 12 ... then T1 digital radio link between bldg. 12 and the offsite location ("bldg 98").

then did RSCS/VNET links over hyperchannel on both satellite and terrestrial links (not just T1 ... but faster). some past posts mentioning internal network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet

In the early 80s, could still get "clear-channel" T1 (w/o the 193rd "framing bit") ... but then about the mid-80s ...telcos started requiring the 193rd bit ... so had to add additional hardware. I referred to lots of the hyperchannel and non-hyperchannel faster speed activity as "high-speed data transport" ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt

Then did RFC1044 support in mainframe tcp/ip product (and in some tuning tests at cray research between 4341 and cray, got 4341 channel thruput using only modest amount of 4341 processor) ... misc. past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#1044

one of the big differences between most of arpanet/internet and internal network was that the internal network links required encryption. wasn't too bad for 56kbit/sec and slower speed links ... but had to pay through the noise for T1 off-the-shelf encryptors ... and the price for custom T3 encryptors went thru the roof. Also the internal network ran into lots of gov. interference at numerous places around the world with the use of encryption (all sorts of gov. interference stories about difficulties getting permission to use encryption). In the mid-80s, the claim was that the internal network had over half of all the link encryptors in the world. Old post with internal network locations around the world adding one or more network nodes during 1983:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#8

because of encryption difficulties, I got involved in design & build of own facility for HSDT ... objective was board that could handle up to at least T2 full-duplex and cost less than $100 to build. During development, had running arguments with the corporate crypto people about certain added features having compromised encryption integrity ... but after three months or so, was able to show that the features significantly increased encryption integrity. It was hallow victory ... since then I was exposed to gov. interferance and told I could build as many as I wanted but couldn't use them myself ... they could only be used by the gov. Sort of characterized as realizing (back then) there was three kinds of crypto 1) kind that they don't care about, 2) kind that you can't do, 3) kind that you can only do for them.

I had earlier done DES software benchmarks on 3081 ... and ran about 150kbytes/sec (T1) with single 3081K processor ... would require both 3081K processors dedicated to handle sustained full-duplex T1 (i.e. 1.5mbites/sec concurrently in each direction).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006n.html#email841115

other old email discussing doing PGP-like public key implementation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007d.html#email810506
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email810515

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 07 Aug 2012 11:58:26 -0400
hancock4 writes:
I suspect it was a matter of cost. IBM's competitors were cheaper, sometimes much cheaper. Buying a 1403, plus a converter controller box to make it work, would've been expensive. Further, they'd need to develop different boxes to fit the different makes of computers.

After IBM changed its 'captive' rental practices many third parties developed peripherals for IBM mainframes. Some of those companies were run by ex-IBMers. Given the popularity of S/360-370, there was a ready market from such devices. But one big problem with such boxes was finger-pointing. If there was a problem, IBM would blame the add- on box, and the add-on box maker would blame IBM.


cross-over mentioning doing hyperchannel for channel extender and allowing IMS group ... 300 moved out of santa teresa lab to offsite building:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#44 Slackware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#46 Slackware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#47 T-carrier

so the way the A510/A515 remote device adapter (ibm mainframe channel simulator) worked was provided all the hardware to simulate mainframe channel. also because of the mainframe channel program specification and timing constraints ... channel programs had to be preloaded in the A510/A515 for execution (precluding certain kinds of channel programs that were self-modifying).

LANL & NCAR network filesystems used hyperchannel for both processor-to-processor networking as well as device connectivity. LANL/NCAR supercomputers would send file request to ibm mainframe (over hyperchannel) ... which would identify the data (staging it from tape robot to disk if required) and preload mainframe disk channel program into the A515 ... then the ibm mainframe returns the A515 channel program "handle" to the original requester. The requesting supercomputer then sends hyperchannel message to the A515 invoking the prestored channel program doing data transfer (to/from over hyperchannel) directly between the supercomputer and the ibm disks.

hyperchannel supported 50mbits/sec transfer ... which was faster than IBM disk transfers (300kbytes to 3mbytes) ... the issue with needing to preload channel programs into the A515 wasn't transfer speed ... but channel programs had latency issues (elapsed time between channel commands) ... which could be exceeded running over hyperchannel (especially when disk controllers were involved).

hyperchannel also did buffering and speed matching ... so in the case of moving channel attached 3270s controller to remove building with hyperchannel acting as channel extender ... part of the end-to-end was T1 microwave channel (about 150kbytes/sec) while the 3270 controllers operated at 640kbytes/sec. The 3270 operations were small enough to fit within the hyperchannel buffering (would have been much more problematical trying to run disk transfers that could 3mbyte/sec and transfer sizes much larger than hyperchannel buffering).

misc. past posts mentioning HSDT &/or hyperchannel
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt

clone controllers were starting to appear in the 60s ... before the 23jun69 unbundling announcements (including starting to charge for application software, se services, hardware maintenance) past posts mentioning unbundling
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundle

at the univ. as undergraduate in the 60s, I had done a lot of modifications and enhancements to cp67. One was adding tty/ascii terminal support to cp67. As part of that, I tried to make the ibm controller did something that it couldn't quite do. this was motivation for univ. starting clone controller project ... taking interdata/3 programmed to simulate ibm controller, reverse engineering channel interface and building channel interface board for interdata/3. Interdata then picks up the implementation and starts marketing it. This continues after Interdata is bought under the Perkin/Elmer brand. Four of us get written as responsible for (some part of) clone controller business. misc. past posts mentioning clone controller
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm

clone controllers is then major motivation for Future System effort some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

The rise and fall of IBM
https://www.ecole.org/en/session/49-the-rise-and-fall-of-ibm

from above:
After 40 years of unrivalled success, IBM is now in serious trouble. What has happened? Jean-Jacques Duby explains how the company's values and the cogs and wheels of its internal management system doomed IBM to failure, in the light of long developments in the technical, economic and commercial environment. But why there should have been such a sudden shock remains a mystery. Perhaps IBM's mighty power had delayed its downfall, making this all the more brutal as a result, like the earthquake which follows the sudden encounter of two continental plates.

... snip ..

also from the article ("react" reference is to clone controllers)
IBM tried to react by launching a major project called the 'Future System' (FS) in the early 1970's. The idea was to get so far ahead that the competition would never be able to keep up, and to have such a high level of integration that it would be impossible for competitors to follow a compatible niche strategy. However, the project failed because the objectives were too ambitious for the available technology. Many of the ideas that were developed were nevertheless adapted for later generations. Once IBM had acknowledged this failure, it launched its 'box strategy', which called for competitiveness with all the different types of compatible sub-systems. But this proved to be difficult because of IBM's cost structure and its R&D spending, and the strategy only resulted in a partial narrowing of the price gap between IBM and its rivals.

... snip ...

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 07 Aug 2012 15:42:20 -0400
hancock4 writes:
In the case of IBM, it's strength had always been its business customers who liked the stable evolutionary growth of technology and the consistency of the product line. That is, there were lots of programmers and operators out there who could be hired to run IBM machines, and a company's investment in software was protected. Another strength of course was superior customer service, so that a business could keep running in case of a hardware failure. New efforts, such as going on-line from batch, were also supported by IBM.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#48 1132 printer history

as I've periodically mentioned ... a few times recently
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#8 International Business Marionette
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#15 Microsoft's Downfall: Inside the Executive E-mails and Cannibalistic Culture That Felled a Tech Giant
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#23 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#46 Slackware

late 80s, senior disk engineer got talk scheduled at annual, worldwide, internal communication group conferenced and opened with statement that the communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division.

the issue was that the disk division was seeing data fleeing the datacenters to more distributed computing friendly platforms with downturn in disk sales. the disk division was coming up with products to address the situation that were constantly being veto'ed by the communication group ... since the communication group had strategic "ownership" of everything that crossed the datacenter walls. The communication group was fighting off client/server and distributed computing protecting their dumb terminal paradigm and terminal emulation install base.

Of course the stranglehold that the communication group had on the datacenter was not only having adverse affect on disk sales ... but eventually on the whole mainframe market ... significant factor in driving the company into the red a few short years later.

basically, during FS the communication group had responded (to clone controllers) with SNA and tight integration with byzantine implementation between vtam (aka "pu5", host software supporting hierarchical dumb terminal paradigm) and 3705/NCP controller (aka "pu4"). they were still trying to preserve the hierarchical dumb terminal paradigm and terminal emulation instsall base ... fighting off client/server and distributed computing (major factor nearly resulted in the demise of the whole company in the early 90s).

the referenced article ("The rise and fall of IBM") was written in '95 and it wasn't yet clear whether Gerstner was going to be successful resurrecting the company. The prior management were in the process of breaking it up and spinning off all the individual pieces.

I've periodically mentioned that the internal network was larger than the arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until late '85 or early '86 ... past posts mentioning internal network.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
AMEX, Private Equity, IBM related Gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner

the internal network had a form of gateway layer in the (vnet/rscs) nodes from the beginning support heterogeneous operation ... something that the arpanet didn't get until great cutover to internetworking protocol on 1Jan1983. the other consideration was that the communication held firm line on only hosts being network nodes (even tho the internal network didn't cutover to sna until 1987) ... while increasing number of internet nodes were workstations and PCs. a couple old emails about misinformation out of the communication group in their efforts to convince corporate that the internal network needed to move to SNA/VTAM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#email870302
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#email870306

the technology basis for the modern internet is tcp/ip, the operational basis for the moderen internet was the NSFNET backbone and the business basis for the modern internet was CIX. In the late 80s, the communication group was also spreading misinformation that VTAM/SNA was even applicable to the NSFNET backbone ... old email reference
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email870109

recent posts mentioning Gerstner and the resurrection of IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#92 Has anyone successfully migrated off mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#103 Google works on Internet standards with TCP proposals, SPDY standardization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#104 Can a business be democratic? Tom Watson Sr. thought so
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#12 Sun Tzu, Boyd, strategy and extensions of same
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#41 Are rotating register files still a bad idea?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#59 Original Thinking Is Hard, Where Good Ideas Come From
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#74 IBM Doing Some Restructuring?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#23 IBM cuts more than 1,000 U.S. Workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#35 Layer 8: NASA unplugs last mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#84 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#4 Hard drives: A bit of progress
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#34 Co-existance of z/OS and z/VM on same DASD farm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#58 Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#72 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#74 Why So Many Formerly Successful Companies Are Failing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#82 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#87 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#4 Think You Know The Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#16 Hierarchy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#35 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#45 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#54 How will mainframers retiring be different from Y2K?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#55 The Invention of Email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#25 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#69 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#19 SnOODAn: Boyd, Snowden, and Resilience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#21 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#31 History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#34 History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 07 Aug 2012 18:23:57 -0400
hancock4 writes:
It's a shame IBM didn't learn from the many problems it had developing System/360 (hardware and software) when it decided to go for FS. Based on the IBM history, it seemed to be repeating all the old mistakes, only this time the new technology was so advanced and encompassing the resultant mud of confusion was even bigger. No one seemed to remember how hard and overwhelming it was to develop a _coordinated_ and _working_ S/360-OS, or later efforts at TSO.

Some (much?) of FS was utilized in the AS/400. AS/400 attempted to have users be able to ignore the differences between core and disk. But as a small machine, it was easy to overload it and difficult to know what was going on since 'memory' allocation was so automated.

Will there be anything after the Z series? Is that losing business as customers migrate off of green-on-glass to client server? (I was shocked the airlines no longer use the big ones and their specialized operating system, having gone to C.)


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#48 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#50 1132 printer history

part of FS was "one-level store", paged-mapped filesystem ... warmed over from tss/360. part was very high level instruction interface ... could say "add" ... and it would figure out all sorts of things ... claim was that there was five level of storage indirections to actually get to data ... including stuff with some flavor of object-oriented ... aka self-describing data ... so operands could be binary, floating point, string ... and hardware would automagically do all the necessary conversion. houston science center had done analysis that FS machine was made out of fastest available technology (used in 370/195), that eastern's system one (airline res system that ran on real 370/195) running on fastest possible FS machine, would have thruput of 370/145 (10-30 times slowdown).

folklore is that with the failure of FS, some number of members retreated to rochester and did s/38 (precursor to as/400) ... which did greatly simplified FS. In the s/38 low-end market ... it was possible to get fast enough microprocessor that the enormous architecture overhead wasn't a noticeable issue. they also did "one-level store", paged-mapped filesystem simplified with treating all disks as common pool and doing scatter allocation across the pool. that resulted in files having bits & pieces across available disks ... and backup whole filesystem (all disks) being doing as integral operation of the whole filesystem at one time. any failure (single disk failures were the common failure mode of the period), then required restore of the whole filesystem as an integral operation. This scaled horribly ... some stories about even small s/38 configurations requiring 24hr elapsed time to restore after single disk failure. trying to scale to large mainframe installation with 300 or more disks would have been impossible (system would also be offline, unavailable for the backup ... and then any single disk failure resulting in complete restore for the whole configuration).

During FS my wife was direct report to the person that owned "interconnect" part of the FS architecture. She got to be involved in review of all FS sections ... and besides large pieces being overly ambitious and not practical ... there were enormous pieces that had highly blue sky and totally lacking any implementation strategy.

as undergraduate in the 60s, i got to do a lot of cp67 work on the weekends ... sometimes having to alternate the machine with the IBM SE playing with tss/360 ... and as a result got to see a lot of what was wrong in the tss/360 one-level-store implementation ... especially when doing tss/360 versus cp67/cms benchmarks of nearly identical workload ... tss/360 with four simulated users doing fortran edit, compile and execute having worse performance than 35 simulated cms users doing fortran edit, compile and execute ... of the same fortran program.

At the science center in the early 70s ... I did modifications for page-mapped filesystem for cms ... avoiding lots of the things that I had considered pitfalls in tss/360 ... and not corrected in FS (or later in s/38). I was also doing bunch of other stuff ... and in aggregate would ridicule the FS activity ... claiming stuff I was running production was better than what they only had blue-sky writeups about. misc. past posts mentiioning page-mapped filesystem work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#mmap

This is old email about porting lots of stuff from cp67 to vm370 ... also references to my "csc/vm" ... one of my hobbies was producing production operation systems for internal datacenters ... the customers dropped off as internal datacenters moved off cp67 to vm370 (for a long time 370/145s ran a version of cp67 that had been ported to 370):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#email731212
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430

with the failure of FS ... there was mad rush to get stuff back into 370 product pipelines ... contributing to selecting some number of my pieces for release in vm370 product (during FS period, internal politics had suspended &/or killed off lots of 370 activity ... although I continued doing 360/370 stuff and periodically ridiculing FS).

However, possibly because of bad rap that paged-map got in FS ... wasn't able to get the paged-mapped filesystem released (although it was used at internal datacenters) ... even if I could show on large scale, heavily load, moderate filesystem intensive ... that I could get three times the throughput as same workload with vanilla cms filesystem.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 07 Aug 2012 18:54:55 -0400
Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
late 80s, senior disk engineer got talk scheduled at annual, worldwide, internal communication group conferenced and opened with statement that the communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#48 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#49 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#50 1132 printer history

mid-80s, ibm had $60B worldwide revenue ... mostly off mainframes and top execs were predicting in early 90s, worldwide revenue would double to $120B ... again mostly from mainframes ... and instituted massive internal building program to double mainframe manufacturing capacity.

this was at time when the communication group stranglehold on datacenters ... and isolating mainframe datacenters from emerging distributed computing market ... was started to be felt. disk division saw this in downturn in disk sales ... and all the products they developed to reverse the trend ... were being vetoed by communication group (preserving their dumb terminal paradigm, their terminal emulation install base, and fighting off client/server and distributed computing). misc. past posts mentioning the subject:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#emulation

the growing isolation of the mainframe datacenters (and skidding business) must have come as complete shock to the top executives ... company going into the red (instead of revenue doubling to $120B) ... which seem to precipitated the strategy to breakup the company and spin-off all the parts.

we had been doing cluster scale-up with ha/cmp ... referenced in this early jan92 meeting in ellison's conference room
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13

as well as this email from the period
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa

possibly only hrs after last email in above (end jan92), the cluster scale-up was transferred and we were told we couldn't work on anything with more than four processors. a couple weeks later there is this press (17Feb1992):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters1

significantly contributing to the decision to leave that summer.

now I had been involved with the original sql/relational implementation (System/R) ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr

in the system/r timeframe , I was also con'ed into doing part of implementation of a different kind of relational dbms ... based on Sowa's semantic network work. after leaving, I continued working on various implementations related to sowa's semantic network ... and most recent implementation I use for maintain stuff for RFC indexes and merged glossaries & taxonomies. The HTML files at garlic webpages are generated with an application using the most recent implementation.

After we left, but before the breakup strategy was reversed ... we were asked if we would consider working on one of the major breakup problems. The different parts of the company had enormous number of supplier contracts but there was also enormous cross-organization, intra-company dependencies on these supplier contracts. Breakup of company into multiple different companies would require identifying and unwinding all these cross-organization interdependencies (using this other kind of knowledge base technology). Before we actually started on the problem, the breakup strategy was reversed.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Crovitz Who Really Invented the Internet?

From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 07 Aug, 2012
Subject: Crovitz Who Really Invented the Internet?
Blog: IBM Historic Computing
Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390444464304577539063008406518.html

This has been recently playing in number of places and I've been pontificating in a.f.c., ibm-main mailing list and facebook. Early reference from couple days ago
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#83

and Ed's work at the science center along with this item:

co-worker from the science center:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edson_Hendricks
In 1976, MIT Professor Jerry Saltzer accompanied Hendricks to DARPA where Henricks described his innovations to the principal scientist, Dr. Vinton P. Cerf. From that point on, Vint and other DARPA scientists adopted Hendricks -- connectionless approach. The result developed into the Internet as we know it today.

... snip ...

most recent on facebook
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#11

in one of the long list of posts over in ibm-main mailing list, similar question came up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#90

the distinction at the time of the Saltzer/Hendricks wiki reference was that the IMP traffic was packet, connectionless ... but the HOST traffic was end-to-end connection. The comparison (used at the time, out of my fading brain cells) was if the post office operated the way arpanet did, a letter going from NYC to Fairbanks Alaska could only be mailed when every post office from NYC to Fairbanks was up and operational and had to stay up for the duration of the transit time.

Note that the IMP configurations had dedicated leased lines that were (nearly) always up (there are historical schedule references about BBN periodically taking the whole network down for concurrent maintenance and upgrades for all IMPs) ... on the internal network Ed had to contend with lots of intermittent dialup connections ... much more like later USENET (and UUCP)

Note that the gov. can also be extremely fickle ... at the time of Interop'88 lots of booths had OSI products catering to the gov. and gov. contractors ... federal gov. was mandating the elimination of the internet and tcp/ip to be replaced by OSI.

trivia ... sunday night before start of interop '88 and well into monday morning the floor nets were repeatedly crashing. resolution came shortly before the show opened ... also resulted in standard specification in rfc1122. I had some equipment in booth (in a center corner at right angles to the sun booth) at interop'88 ... just not the ibm booth. misc. posts mentioning interop88
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#interop88

Where Did the Internet Really Come From?
http://techpresident.com/news/22670/where-did-internet-really-come

Rewriting Internet History
http://www.pcworld.com/article/260537/rewriting_internet_history.html
Rewriting Internet history
http://www.networkworld.com/columnists/2012/080712-bradner.html

for additional ... NREN and NIIT ... old thread about "When the Internet went private". this has long pieces from press "Bush administration, Gore spar over U.S. gigbit net" (from 11Mar1991) ... as well as other press items from 1991:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#70

the above also includes item "DOD transition from TCP/IP to ISO International protocols". following posts contains more stuff from early 90s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#71 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#72 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#73 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#74 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#75 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#76 .

and NREN and NIIT
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#78 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#79 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#80 .

US was asking vendors to provide hardware to the NIIT for free. Singapore did invite all NIIT participants to build duplicate ... for which they got paid ... in some sense Singapore was subsidizing the US NIIT

other posts on this topic:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#84 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#87 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#88 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#89 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#90 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#93 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#94 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#97 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#98 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#0 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#1 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#2 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#4 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#5 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#6 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 07 Aug 2012 23:12:12 -0400
Dan Espen <despen@verizon.net> writes:
Anyway, I used the System 34 in a large company using the S/34 in it's branch offices while the main office was trying to modernize using CICS and a S/360. On a few occasions I was able to program rings around what the main office was attempting to do on the main office S/360.

Of course I wasn't looking for a S/38 or AS/400, just a S/34 with more guts.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#18 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#48 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#49 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#50 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#51 1132 printer history

s/38 (1980)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System/38
references FS (early 71)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Future_Systems_project
past posts mentioning FS and a few other FS refs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
S/3 (1969)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System/3
S/32 (1975)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System/32
s/34 (1978)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System/34
s/36 (1983)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System/36

as/400, characterize as merging s/36 & s/38 ... 1988
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System_i

from above:
The IBM System i, then known as the AS/400, was the continuation of the System/38 database machine architecture (announced by IBM in October 1978 and delivered in August 1979). The AS/400 removed capability-based addressing.[3] The AS/400 added source compatibility with the System/36 combining the two primary computers manufactured by the IBM Rochester plant. The System/36 was IBM's most successful mini-computer but the architecture had reached its limit. The first AS/400 systems (known by the development code names Silverlake and Olympic) were delivered in 1988 under the tag line "Best of Both Worlds" and the product line has been refreshed continually since then.

... snip ...

I've characterized John's creation of RISC/801 as effort to go to the opposite extreme from what was happening in FS.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Cocke
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_801

In the early 80s there was an effort to replace large multitude of internal microprocessors with 801; as/400 was going to be 801, all the low-end and mid-range 370s would be 801 ... lots of other stuff ... various "Iliad" 801/RISC chips. misc. past posts mentioning 801, risc, iliad, romp, rios, power, power/pc, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801

for various reasons those 801/risc efforts floundered and the next 370s (4361 & 4381) were done with cisc chip as well as as/400 had rush effort to do custom cisc. past posts (with various old email)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006u.html#37

in the mid-90s, this was revisited when as/400 moved to power/pc chip.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PowerPC
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_9370

above mentions 9370 as between 36&38 and 4300 and replacement for 8100
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_8100

disclaimer: my wife got asked to do corporate review of 8100 and shortly later it was canceled. 8100/801 joke
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#email790711
above email and several other 801 related emails in this post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#65

also, I contributed to the white paper that reversed the decision to use 801/risc for the 4361&4381 and do custom cisc instead.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 08 Aug 2012 00:28:47 -0400
Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
with the failure of FS ... there was mad rush to get stuff back into 370 product pipelines ... contributing to selecting some number of my pieces for release in vm370 product (during FS period, internal politics had suspended &/or killed off lots of 370 activity ... although I continued doing 360/370 stuff and periodically ridiculing FS).

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#50 1132 printer history

ridiculing FS wasn't exactly career enhancing ... start of being told that I didn't have career, promotions, and/or raises. I recently go into other detail in this linkedin, greater ibm (current & past employee)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#42 The IBM "Open Door" policy

other past posts with similar discussion:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#74 My Vintage Dream PC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#82 search engine history, was Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#2 WHAT WAS THE PROJECT YOU WERE INVOLVED/PARTICIPATED AT IBM THAT YOU WILL ALWAYS REMEMBER?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#12 Clone Processors

slightly related discussions:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#41 IBM--disposition of clock business
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#74 My Vintage Dream PC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#3 If IBM Hadn't Bet the Company

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Simulated PDP-11 Blinkenlight front panel for SimH

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Simulated PDP-11 Blinkenlight front panel for SimH
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 08 Aug 2012 08:53:22 -0400
Andrew Swallow <am.swallow@btinternet.com> writes:
Dynamic memory allocation means that the program can only work x% of the time. On real machines with fixed physical and virtual memory x% is frequently not 100%.

old post with reference to (MVT) analysis that led to decision to put virtual memory on 370 and migrate to all virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#73 Multiple Virtual Memory

.. aka MVT would divide real physical memory into contiguous partitions ... usually for worse case scenarios ... but analysis showed that MVT avg used 25% of the allocated partition. virtual memory would allow getting four times as many partititons (multiprogramming level) in the same physical memory.

part of this was within partition MVT storage allocation needed to be contiguous and for long-running application would result in horrible fragmentation. boeing huntsville had modified a release13 os/360 MVT system to use virtual memory relocation on 360/67 to support multiple 2250 graphics, long-running, computer-aided design applications. the use of virtual memory didn't define more virtual memory than physical ... and didn't do any paging ... it just used virtual memory to overcome the storage fragmentation problem.

past posts mentioning boeing huntsville:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#174 S/360 history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#14 Installing Fortran
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#26 TECO Critique
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#55 TSS/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#22 Computer Terminal Design Over the Years
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002q.html#47 myths about Multics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003b.html#0 Disk drives as commodities. Was Re: Yamhill
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004.html#53 Mainframe not a good architecture for interactive workloads
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004c.html#47 IBM 360 memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004f.html#44 Infiniband - practicalities for small clusters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006.html#40 All Good Things
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006b.html#26 Multiple address spaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006m.html#29 Mainframe Limericks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007f.html#6 IBM S/360 series operating systems history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#33 Wylbur and Paging
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007m.html#60 Scholars needed to build a computer history bibliography
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007v.html#11 IBM mainframe history, was Floating-point myths
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#15 System/360 Announcement (7Apr64)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#61 Source code for s/360 [PUBLIC]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#4 Processes' memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#89 Notes on two presentations by Gordon Bell ca. 1998
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#91 Notes on two presentations by Gordon Bell ca. 1998
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#0 LPARs: More or Less?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#11 TSO region size
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#16 Region Size - Step or Jobcard
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#59 Boeing Plant 2 ... End of an Era
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#73 Speed of Old Hard Disks - adcons
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#86 Utility of find single set bit instruction?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#33 TINC?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#10 Layer 8: NASA unplugs last mainframe

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 08 Aug 2012 08:58:10 -0400
Peter Flass <Peter_Flass@Yahoo.com> writes:
Of course, being proven right later was probably an even worse thing, career-wise.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#54 1132 printer history

recent facebook discussion I mention that part of the leaving/departing process there was executive interview ... and he made the comment that they could have forgiven me for being wrong but they were never going to forgive me for being right
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#28 How to Stuff a Wild Duck

post in this thread about motivation to decide to leave (after being told cluster scale-up is being transferred and we couldn't work on anything with more than four processors)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#51 1132 printer history

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 08 Aug 2012 10:05:34 -0400
Dan Espen <despen@verizon.net> writes:
So "FS" started in '71, predated only by S/3.

So, that leaves unanswered whether S/3 had any influence on IBM EXECs and whether they decided from the S/3 effort that IBM now knew how to design a great OS.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#53 1132 printer history

as previously stated ... FS single-level-store (paged mapped memory) can be traced to tss/360 ... the official system for 360/67 ... possibly influenced by Multics and other paged-mapped systems.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#50 1132 printer history

the capability based stuff ... influenced by possibly Burroughs and lots of academic stuff ... as/400 wiki reference has it shows up in s/38 but dropped for as/400.

shows up later in i432 (i432 intro also refs b5000 and s/38)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#48 Famous Machines and Software that didn't

the above intro from i432 mentions s/38 following burroughs approach ... however it was FS that followed it ... and then s/38 doing simplified FS.

note tymshare ... a commercial online service bureau ... had virtual-machine vm370/cms based offering. ... tymshare provided their online computer conferencing "free" to share as "vmshare" starting in aug1976 ... vmshare archive
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare/

did their own software capability operating system called GNOSIS for ibm 370. with MD purchase of tymshare in 80s, GNOSIS was spun-off as Keykos (I was brought in to audit GNOSIS as part of the spin-off). recent post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#40 GNOSIS & KeyKOS
refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOSIS
http://cap-lore.com/CapTheory/upenn/Gnosis/Gnosis.html

there are some interesting optimizations with raising the level in the software (as previous reference ... FS adding it to the hardware resulting in 10-30 times performance/throughput cost). In the 90s, the KeyKOS people had some 370 benchmarks that they could do APC/TPF transactions faster than ACP/TPF on the same 370 hardware. TPF is special, stripped down IBM mainframe operating system tailored for performing very fast light-weight transactions. Part of light-weight stripped down ... was eliminating lots of integrity features. Interesting thing about KeyKOS would it could run transactions faster than TPF while remaining very high integrity constraints.

lots of the s/3* internal competitive analysis was positioning against burroughs machines.

In some sense ... since FS supposedly was going to be a complete redo ... everybody that had some favorite computer science or blue sky thingie jumped into FS ... included their favorite feature. this resulted in large sections of FS specification blowing smoke and "where's the beef" and "emperor's new clothes" was epidemic.

misc. past posts mentioning future system
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

other future system refs:
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm
https://people.computing.clemson.edu/~mark/fs.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Future_Systems_project
http://gdrean.perso.sfr.fr/papers/promises.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 08 Aug 2012 10:24:53 -0400
Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
there are some interesting optimizations with raising the level in the software (as previous reference ... FS adding it to the hardware resulting in 10-30 times performance/throughput cost). In the 90s, the KeyKOS people had some 370 benchmarks that they could do APC/TPF transactions faster than ACP/TPF on the same 370 hardware. TPF is special, stripped down IBM mainframe operating system tailored for performing very fast light-weight transactions. Part of light-weight stripped down ... was eliminating lots of integrity features. Interesting thing about KeyKOS would it could run transactions faster than TPF while remaining very hight integrity constraints.

lots of the s/3* internal competitive analysis was positioning against burroughs machines.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#57 1132 printer history

I've mentioned that I've characterized John doing risc/801 going to opposite extreme as FS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#53 1132 printer history

but one of the things done was sort of possibly "borrow" some capability-based stuff. 801/risc had all sort of hardware simplifications ... including all hardware protection (no separation of supervisor and problem state). The original software for 801/risc was CPr operating system and pl.8 compiler (subset of pl1). pl.8 was designed to only generate correct code ... and CPr would only load "correct programs" for execution. As a result a lot of things could be done very fast ... since they could execute "inline" w/o requiring supervisor call and state change (demonstrating that lots of the FS "capability" could be done very fast in software w/o needing the enormous hardware performance penalty).

ROMP was 801/risc chip with CPr and pl.8 designed for OPD to be the follow-on for displaywriter. This was eventually killed ... in same time frame that the 801/risc Iliad chip efforts (microprocessor for as/400, 4361, 4381, etc) were being killed off. The Austin OPD group then looked around for another use and settled on selling it into the unix workstation market. As a result, unix & C replaces CPr and pl.8 ... but since unix was traditional operating system protection model, hardware protection mode had to be retrofitted to ROMP design. The company that had been contracted to do AT&T UNIX port for the ibm/pc (PC/IX) was paid to do a port to ROMP. There was also an issue about what to do with all the pl.8 programmers. Eventually it is announced as PC/RT with AIX.

misc. past posts mentioning 801, risc, romp, rios, iliad, power, power/pc, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 08 Aug 2012 19:31:58 -0400
hancock4 writes:
Is TPF still used out there by airlines and big banks? Other posters previously have said it's now gone to C and servers.

For airline and bank use, I would think integrity features were vital and not something to be sacrificed, so as to prevent crashes during production.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#58 1132 printer history

like cics ... massive testing and change control ... trade-off upfront effort for runtime efficiency.

ACP
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Airline_Control_Program
got renamed TPF when other industries started using it
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction_Processing_Facility
TPF user group members:
http://www.tpfug.org/Background/memtpfup.htm

i've periodically mentioned that ACP/TPF took awhile to get around to supporting smp/multiprocessor (they had loosely-coupled since the 60s). problem somewhat came to a head with 3081 ... which originally was going to be multiprocessor only. the company first went through all sorts of unnatural acts for vm370 on 3081 for production ACP/TPF (running in virtual machine) ... before finally resorting to coming out with single processor 3083. The easiest would have been to remove the 2nd processor from 3081 ... but unfortunately "processor-0" was at the top and (2nd processor) "processor-1" was in the middle (of the frame). Simply removing the 2nd processor from 3081 would have made it top-heavy (potential for tipping over).

past FS posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

during FS period all sorts of 370 efforts were terminated or suspended ... then when FS tanked, there was mad-rush to get products back into 370 product pipelines (the lack of products during this period is credited with given clone processors a market foothold ... sort of ironic since a major motivation for FS was clone controllers).

Part of the mad rush (to get products back into 370 product pipeline) was kicking off 3033 effort (remapped 168-3 logic to some warmed over FS technology) in parallel with 3081 effort (other warmed over FS technology). some more about it discussed here:
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Core characteristics of resilience

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 08 Aug, 2012
Subject: Core characteristics of resilience
Blog: Homeland Security Watch
Core characteristics of resilience
http://www.hlswatch.com/2012/08/02/core-characteristics-of-resilience/
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#40 Core characteristics of resilience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#43 Core characteristics of resilience

Expert Explains In Horrifying Detail How The Next Shock Will Shatter The Global Economy
http://www.businessinsider.com/trade-off-financial-system-supply-chain-cross-contagion-a-study-in-global-systemic-collapse-2012-8

Trade-Off: Financial System Supply-Chain Cross-Contagion: a study in global systemic collapse.
http://www.feasta.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/Trade-Off1.pdf

more failure mode scenarios:

Software Runs the World: How Scared Should We Be That So Much of It Is So Bad?
http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/08/software-runs-the-world-how-scared-should-we-be-that-so-much-is-bad/260846/

folklore warning ...

in late 80s starting HA/CMP product ... did tcp/ip code review (bsd 4.3 tahoe&reno distributions) and RFC standards review. identified some number of issues that needed to be handled. roll-forward to 1995, june 17 the largest online service provider started having internet facing server crashing. they bring in all the experts in the world but the problem continues. finally aug 17, one of the people flies out to west coast and offers to buy me hamburger after work. while I eat the hamburger they describe the characteristics. I then tell them what the problem is (one of the scenarios that had been identified in the HA/CMP effort) and give him a q&d fix that is applied that night.

I then try and get the major vendors to do something about it ... but they have no interest. Following aug 1996 an ISP (in NYC) is hit with the problem ... this time it shows up in the press ... and finally the vendors re-act ... publicly patting themselves on the back about how quickly they responded (once it makes widespread news, the year earlier incident, the online service provider was very publicity adverse).

misc. past posts mentioning:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005c.html#51 [Lit.] Buffer overruns
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005c.html#56 intel's Vanderpool and virtualization in general
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006e.html#11 Caller ID "spoofing"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006i.html#6 The Pankian Metaphor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#21 recent mentions of 40+ yr old technology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#35 Builders V. Breakers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#11 Top 10 Cybersecurity Threats for 2009, will they cause creation of highly-secure Corporate-wide Intranets?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Party like it's 1999; CDE Unix desktop REBORN

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Party like it's 1999; CDE Unix desktop REBORN
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 09 Aug 2012 07:37:35 -0400
Party like it's 1999: CDE Unix desktop REBORN
http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/08/09/cde_goes_opensource/

there was actually old press articles with title like that ... it was 2000 RSA Conference at San Jose and IBM sponsored the "gala" held in the coliseum.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006r.html#15 50th Anniversary of invention of disk drives

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Any cool anecdotes IBM 40yrs of VM

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 09 Aug, 2012
Subject: Any cool anecdotes IBM 40yrs of VM
Blog: Enterprise Systems
re:
http://lnkd.in/gHheSd

a few stories for vm/370 workshop last month

1) virtual memory hadn't been announced with original 370. an internal virtual memory document leaked to some industry publication. there was strong suspicion that it leaked from "New England Programming Center" (aka vm370 development group) ... but they were never able to prove it. Afterwards all internal copying machines had number identification installed on the underside of glass cover which would appear on all pages copied (helping localize source of leaked copies).

2) original 370 architecture included "segment protect". CMS (from cp67) was re-organized so all code would reside in "protected segments". Retrofit of virtual memory hardware to 370/165 was running into difficulty and schedule was slipping. In order to regain six months in the schedule (for 370/165), several features of 370 virtual memory were dropped ... including segment protect. This required all products that had already implemented full 370 virtual memory had to be redone w/o the dropped features. VM370/CMS then had to do the ugly hack with storage protection keys ... as alternative to the dropped segment protect feature.

3) one of the early applications for the internal rscs/vnet was joint project with the science center and endicott to provide 370 virtual machine running under cp67 on real 360/67. The set of updates were referred to as "cp67h" or h-updates. Then "cp67i" updates were created to change cp67 to run on 370 virtual memory hardware (instead of 360/67 virtual memory hardware). Science center had non-employee users (students, faculty and staff from boston area univ) using the science center system. In order to prevent leakage of information about 370 virtual memory ... the cp67h system was run in a 360/67 virtual machine (on the CSC cp67 time sharing system) to keep it isolated from non-employees. Then the cp67i system was run in a cp67h 370 virtual machhine ... and then cms was run in a cp67i 370 virtual machine. This was all operational and in standard use before the first 370 engineering model (370/145) with hardware virtual memory was operational. In fact, booting cp67i on the engineering machine was one of the first tests of the engineering machine. That boot of cp67i actually failed and some diagnostics turned up that the engineers had reversed the opcode implementation of new 370 instructions (in the hardware). cp67i was patched for the incorrectly implemented opcodes and then was able to boot successfully and run. Three engineers came out from san jose and added 2305 & 3330 device support to cp67i ... creating cp67sj. cp67sj was standard operating system on 370 virtual memory hardware for quite awhile ... even after vm370 became operational.

the cp67h&cp67i effort included the initial of the cms multi-level source update procedure.

4) original vm370 implementation did many simplifications and dropped nearly all the pathlength and scheduling performance changes I made in cp67. I redid "fastpath" code (dispatch, interrupt handlers, etc) for vm370 (originally I had done as undergraduate for cp67) which was released for rel1plc9.

last part (linkedin character limit)

(5) After initial vm370 release and during the corporate future system period ... lots of NEPC resources was redirected to various aspects of future system ... some past future system posts

https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

During this period, I continued to work on cp67 ... as well as periodically ridicule the FS activity. Some old email about porting a lot of changes from cp67 to vm370 for "csc/vm" ... one of my hobbies was building & supporting production systems internal datacenters ... it dropped off as internal datacenters moved off cp67 to vm370 ... but picked up again after i created csc/vm:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#email731212 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430

when FS was killed, there was mad rush to get stuff back into 370 hardware & software product pipelines. Some of the csc/vm stuff was picked up for vm370 release 3. Quite a bit of my CMS shared segment changes were picked up (but not the full paged-mapped filesystem support) and a tiny bit of the vm370 changes ... which went out as DCSS.

It was then decided to release other bits of CSC/VM as separate add on "resource manager" product that was charged for.

last part (linkedin character limit)

(5) After initial vm370 release and during the corporate future system period ... lots of NEPC resources was redirected to various aspects of future system ... some past future system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

During this period, I continued to work on cp67 ... as well as periodically ridicule the FS activity. Some old email about porting a lot of changes from cp67 to vm370 for "csc/vm" ... one of my hobbies was building & supporting production systems internal datacenters ... it dropped off as internal datacenters moved off cp67 to vm370 ... but picked up again after i created csc/vm:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#email731212 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430

when FS was killed, there was mad rush to get stuff back into 370 hardware & software product pipelines. Some of the csc/vm stuff was picked up for vm370 release 3. Quite a bit of my CMS shared segment changes were picked up (but not the full paged-mapped filesystem support) and a tiny bit of the vm370 changes ... which went out as DCSS.

It was then decided to release other bits of CSC/VM as separate add on "resource manager" product that was charged for.

...

addenda: lots of recent future system discussion in this a.f.c. thread ... starting here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#49

the 23jun1969 unbundling announcement because of litigation started charging for application software, se services, etc (however they made the case that kernel software should still be free). FS started early 71 ... reference here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#53

motivated in large part as countermeasure to clone processors. during FS lots of 370 stuff was suspended &/or killed off. after FS imploded, there was mad rush to get stuff back into the 370 product pipelines. The lack of products is credited with giving clone processors market foothold (ironic, FS credited for the rise of clone processors when it starts out as countermeasure to clone controllers). One of the outcomes of the rise of clone processors was decision to start charging for kernel software ...and my resource manager was selected as guinea pig ... and I got to spend a lot of time with business planners and lawyers regarding policies for kernel software charging. Initially charging was separate priced "add-ons" and new stuff ... but hardware and new device support would continue to be free. misc. past posts mentioning resource manager and/or scheduling
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare

I had also done a bunch of multiprocessor stuff internally ... and included bunch of kernel restructuring for multiprocessor in initial resource manager release. It was then decided to release multiprocessor support ... which still had to be "free" ... but the implementation was dependent on a bunch of stuff in the charged for resource manager. For the next release (included multiprocessor support), nearly 90% of the resource manager lines-of-code were moved into the "free" base ... w/o changing the price charged for the resource manager. Charged for add-on goes through a number of iterations ... HPO, SEPP/BSEPP, and then eventually transition to all kernel software charged for. After transition to charging for all kernel software ... then starts the OCO-wars.

past posts mentioning 23jun69 unbundling
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundling

past posts mentioning smp/multiprocessing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 09 Aug, 2012
Subject: How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
Blog: IBMers
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#84 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#87 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#90 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#92 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#95 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#82 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#2 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#12 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#18 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#31 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#46 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#68 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?

for the fun of it ... ibm internal network was larger than the arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until sometime late '85/early '86 (part of the slowdown was the increasing pressure from the communication group to convert to vtam/sna ... which they managed in 1987). 1jan1983 was the great cut-over of arpanet/internet to internetworking protocol ... at the time they had approx.100 IMP network nodes and around 255 connected hosts ... while internal network was approaching 1000 nodes. past post which includes list of worldwide corporate locations that had one or more new network nodes added during 1983
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#8

one of the "difficulties" of the internal network compared to the arpanet/internet ... was corporate required all links (that left corporate facilities) to be encrypted. mid-80s there was claim that internal network had over half of all link encryptors in the world. there were all sorts of arguments with various governments around the world regarding the installation of link encryptors ... especially when links crossed national borders.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 9 Aug, 2012
Subject: Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
Blog: Boyd Strategy
re:
http://lnkd.in/ZjjQ9m
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#50 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#69 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#7 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#13 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#20 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#21 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?

another computer/avionics reference:

What Knight Capital Developers Should Learn From Avionics; Wall Street needs a change in the way that its critical software is developed and deployed, the Knight fiasco shows.
http://www.informationweek.com/quickview/what-knight-capital-developers-should-le/1509?wc=4
Wall Street and the Mismanagement of Software
http://www.drdobbs.com/architecture-and-design/wall-street-and-the-mismanagement-of-sof/240005196?itc=quickview

note that as the economy was crashing ... there was some number of articles trying to lay blame on computer algorithms. however other articles quoted risk managers that they were forced by business people to fiddle inputs until the risk models produced the desired output. this was followed by periodic articles about call placing risk managers in organization so they are less vulnerable to pressures from other organizations.

past references to risk managers being forced to fiddle inputs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#49 VMware Chief Says the OS Is History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#52 Technology and the current crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#53 Your thoughts on the following comprehensive bailout plan please
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#56 VMware Chief Says the OS Is History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#65 Whether, in our financial crisis, the prize for being the biggest liar is
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#69 Another quiet week in finance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#72 Why was Sarbanes-Oxley not good enough to sent alarms to the regulators about the situation arising today?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#78 Isn't it the Federal Reserve role to oversee the banking system??
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#80 Why did Sox not prevent this financal crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#82 Fraud in financial institution
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#15 Financial Crisis - the result of uncontrolled Innovation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#18 Once the dust settles, do you think Milton Friedman's economic theories will be laid to rest
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#19 What's your view of current global financial / economical situation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#26 SOX (Sarbanes-Oxley Act), is this really followed and worthful considering current Financial Crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#28 Does anyone get the idea that those responsible for containing this finanical crisis are doing too much?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#34 The human plague
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#75 In light of the recent financial crisis, did Sarbanes-Oxley fail to work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#82 Greenspan testimony and securization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#83 Chip-and-pin card reader supply-chain subversion 'has netted millions from British shoppers'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008p.html#8 Global Melt Down
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008p.html#70 Is there any technology that we are severely lacking in the Financial industry?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#49 Have not the following principles been practically disproven, once and for all, by the current global financial meltdown?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#50 Obama, ACORN, subprimes (Re: Spiders)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#58 Blinkenlights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#64 Is This a Different Kind of Financial Crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#8 Top financial firms of US are eyeing on bailout. It implies to me that their "Risk Management Department's" assessment was way below expectations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#9 Blind-sided, again. Why?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#23 Garbage in, garbage out trampled by Moore's law
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#29 Let IT run the company!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#35 Is American capitalism and greed to blame for our financial troubles in the US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#55 Is this the story behind the crunchy credit stuff?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#62 Garbage in, garbage out trampled by Moore's law
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#14 What are the challenges in risk analytics post financial crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#63 CROOKS and NANNIES: what would Boyd do?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#80 Are reckless risks a natural fallout of "excessive" executive compensation ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#36 A great article was posted in another BI group: "To H*** with Business Intelligence: 40 Percent of Execs Trust Gut"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#53 Credit & Risk Management ... go Simple ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#54 In your opinion, which facts caused the global crise situation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#65 What can agencies such as the SEC do to insure us that something like Madoff's Ponzi scheme will never happen again?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#4 How to defeat new telemarketing tactic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#28 How to defeat new telemarketing tactic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#16 The Formula That Killed Wall Street
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#18 HSBC is expected to announce a profit, which is good, what did they do differently?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#30 I need insight on the Stock Market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#36 Bernanke Says Regulators Must Protect Against Systemic Risks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#40 Bernanke Says Regulators Must Protect Against Systemic Risks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#59 Quiz: Evaluate your level of Spreadsheet risk
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#8 The background reasons of Credit Crunch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#1 Future of Financial Mathematics?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#31 OODA-loop obfuscation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#29 Analysing risk, especially credit risk in Banks, which was a major reason for the current crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009j.html#38 what is mortgage-backed securities?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#49 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#21 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#87 search engine history, was Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#40 Who is Really to Blame for the Financial Crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#66 No command, and control
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#53 What do you think about fraud prevention in the governments?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#75 America's Defense Meltdown
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#42 Productivity And Bubbles
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#56 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#10 Cracking the code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#69 computer bootlaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#67 How Economists Contributed to the Financial Crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#82 Mathematics < Integrity = Financial Fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#95 Bank of America Fined $1 Billion for Mortgage Fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#32 US real-estate has lost $7T in value
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#63 One maths formula and the financial crash
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#7 Adult Supervision
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#64 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#17 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#60 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#4 Interesting News Article

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 10 Aug, 2012
Subject: How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
Blog: IBMers
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#63 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?

recent posts discussing FS and the disastrous effects of the FS failure on the corporate culture ... including afterwards there were jokes about wild ducks are tolerated so as long as they fly in formation.

https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#15 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#23 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#31 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#41 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#48 .

mid-80s, prediction that revenue would double from $60B to $120B, mostly mainframe (massive internal building program to double mainframe manufacturing capacity) even when mainframe was started to be affected by data fleeing the datacenter for distributed computing friendly platforms.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#49 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#51 .

then management blindsided in the early 90s with the mainframe downturn and company going into the red ... and plans to break the company up and spin-off into lots of small individual pieces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#51 .

in 1993, gerstner is brought in to replace existing management and reverses the decision to breakup the company and spinoff all the pieces:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#34 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#46 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#49 .

I was blamed for online computer conferencing on the internal network in the late 70s and early 80s. folklore is that when the executive committee was informed about online computer conferencing (and the internal network), 5of6 wanted to fire me. As mentioned in post earlier in this discussion, somebody distributed quite a few of the Watson and Learson "Management Briefings" ... extract of one in this post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#92 .

several of the Gerstner references ... cite this wiki:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_V._Gerstner,_Jr.

and from long ago and far away (IBM Jargon):
Tandem Memos - n. Something constructive but hard to control; a fresh of breath air (sic). That's another Tandem Memos. A phrase to worry middle management. It refers to the computer-based conference (widely distributed in 1981) in which many technical personnel expressed dissatisfaction with the tools available to them at that time, and also constructively criticized the way products were [are] developed. The memos are required reading for anyone with a serious interest in quality products. If you have not seen the memos, try reading the November 1981 Datamation summary.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The Perils of Content, the Perils of the Information Age

From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 10 Aug, 2012
Subject: The Perils of Content, the Perils of the Information Age
Blog: USNI blog
re:
http://blog.usni.org/2012/08/10/the-perils-of-content-the-perils-of-the-information-age/

"Quiet" makes a point that US has suffered from the rise of the "cult of personality" in the last century (at the expense of "character").
https://www.amazon.com/Quiet-Power-Introverts-Talking-ebook/dp/B004J4WNL2

People admitting to cheating on school tests skyrocket, embellished resumes, fabricated scientific papers .. all symptoms of the loss of "character" in American culture and appearance more important than substance (also brings up Boyd's To Be or To Do references). Problem contaminating the culture predated rise of the internet.

Lie, cheat and steal: high school ethics surveyed
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/27983915/ns/us_news-education/t/lie-cheat-steal-high-school-ethics-surveyed/
The Reality of Embellished Resumes
http://partnerhealthcareit.com/resume-embellishing
How many scientists fabricate and falsify research?
http://phys.org/news162795064.html

Survey results can be radically different asking person to admit having done something wrong vis-a-vis asking if they know of anybody that has done something wrong

I've participated in workshops on computer security graduate programs and major issue was students spending all their time looking for exploits to garner "bragging rights" with their peers ... as opposed to building/designing secure infrastructures.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Coping With the Bounds: Speculations on Nonlinearity in Military Affairs

From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 11 Aug, 2012
Subject: Coping With the Bounds: Speculations on Nonlinearity in Military Affairs
Blog: Facebook
re:
http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA457916

I just did quick skim ... there seems to be little conflicting, for instance ...
Intuitive decision making is a worthy goal, but there's an irony to it, [because] intuition is based on experience. So we can conclude that as we move down the chain of command to the level of company grade officers and noncommissioned officers (NCOs), the quality of intuition will be correspondingly degraded as the level of experience decreases. Unfortunately, the further down the chain we look, the more likely it is that leaders will find themselves in situations requiring rapid decisions. Historically, commanding generals rarely, if ever, find themselves having to make immediate decisions. At the other end of the spectrum, a sergeant commanding a squad in combat may be forced to make scores of immediate decisions everyday. So, the leader with the most highly developed intuition -- the general -- rarely uses that talent, while the leader whose need for intuition is greatest -- the NCO -- lacks the requisite experience.

... snip ... Boyd would point out that it was exactly the NCOs in the German army during ww2 that had the experience to make the rapid decisions ... and why german army only had 3% officers (compare to 11% growing to 20%, for the us army).

the next paragraph he assumes generals would be (myers-briggs type) "NT" ... buxt finds 90% to be "SJ". I assume Boyd would chime in with To Be or To Do (& "Quiet" points out the rise of the cult of personality). One of Boyd's stories was having done reviews of periodic "war games". He characterized the generals and admirals spending all year playing gulf while their staffs practiced. For the real "war games", the generals/admirals lacked any finger-feel for what was going on in the "war room".

Some stray into tightly & loosely coupled infrastructures. I spent good part of my career building (computer) tightly-coupled, loosely-coupled, and distributed infrastructures. In the computer domain the coupling starts out with the degree of shared resources. Holy grail in tightly-coupled systems has been "scaling" ... doubling the number of resources comes close to doubling throughput (rather than all the resources being devoted to coordination). Early implementations, it wasn't uncommon going from a single-uncoupled system to two-tightly-coupled systems, the increase in throughput might be only 30% (over single system). At various times, I actually did some slight of hand where two-tightly-coupled systems had more than twice the throughput of single system (aka total is more than the sum of the parts). Traditionally, going from two-tightly-coupled to four-tightly-coupled has increased coordination overhead by more than three times (i.e. three other systems to coordinate with rather than just one other) and increasing size is in danger of degenerating into all resources being lost to coordination.

past posts mentioning Boyd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

ESCON

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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: ESCON
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 11 Aug 2012 07:56:20 -0700
chrismason@BELGACOM.NET (Chris Mason) writes:
In fact, for a reason having everything to do with "marketing" and nothing whatsoever technical, VTAM does *not* implement LEN protocols over the "type 2.1 CTC", only APPN protocols.

aka ... at the time APPN was to be announced ... the communication group objected ... in part because it actually supported networking (at the time, the person that was responsible for APPN, originally documented in AWP164, and I reported to the same executive ... I would periodically chide him about stop playing around and come work on "real" networking).

after a month or two of escalation ... the APPN announcement letter was carefully rewritten to avoid implying any sort of relationship between APPN and SNA.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

ESCON

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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: ESCON
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 13 Aug 2012 06:34:14 -0700
R.Skorupka@BREMULTIBANK.COM.PL (R.S.) writes:
So, 12 years old FICON is simply obsolete and we should expect something new? And don't tell me about FICON enhancements, ESCON was enhanced as well! So? Shall we expect wi-fi based channels?

FICON is features on top of FCS (fiber channel standard). FCS started in the late 80s at LLNL ... it had non-blocking switch with serial copper interface. and LLNL effort to standardize non-blocking switch with gbit serial fiber optic (concurrent gbit transfers in both direction).

ESCON had been fiber interface that had been knocking around POK since the 70s. About the time ESCON appeared, one of the RS6000 engineers worked on taking ESCON specs, making it full-duplex (concurrent transfer in both directions), media speed 10% faster than ESCON ... and significantly less expensive (as well as reliable) optical drivers. This was the SLA (serial-link adapter) feature on the RS6000. He then wanted to start work on enhancing SLA (effectively enhanced ESCON) from 220mbits to 800mbits.

We had been working with LLNL and convinced the engineer to join the FCS committee rather than doing a proprietary 800mbit SLA (SLA started out being enhanced ESCON). Then in the early 90s, some POK channel engineers started participating in FCS committee meetings ... wanting to layer some unnatural IBM channel features on-top of the base FCS standard (which eventually appears as FICON). There are a lot of FCS mailing list from the period over the conflict layering FICON features on top of FCS.

A major part of FCS standard was optimal cost/effective driver speed available at the time ... for commodity priced standard (aka 1gibt/sec, full-duplex, simultaneous transfer in both directions) ... and full-duplex operation used for helping mask end-to-end latency (aka ibm channel protocol operation with half-duplex paradigm was becoming more&more latency limited ... dead-time on the channel waiting for end-to-end turn arorund). Once FCS addressed the end-to-end latency issue ... then changes in media speed was what-ever commodity parts supported at any point in time.

In that time-frame, IBM had developed its own serial-copper for disk operation (internal name harrier out of hursley) and announced as 9333. It ran 80mbits/sec ... full-duplex (aka concurrent 80mbit/sec in both direction) using "packetized" SCSI commands ... aka rather than half-duplex SCSI bus signaling ... the SCSI commands were encapsulated in message packets and transmitted asynchronously (using effectively identical SCSI disks ... harrier had significant higher aggregate thruput than equivalent scsi disks in a half-duplex scsi-bus configuration).

We tried to get harrier enhanced to interoperate with FCS ... multiple fraction of FCS media ... still using serial copper ... but running into FCS non-blocking switch and speed-matching handled. Instead, it morphed into "SSA" (running at 160mbits/sec in each direction) ... and non-interoperable with FCS.

old post mentioning SSA & FCS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13

also references early Jan1992 meeting in Ellison's conference room doing loosely-coupled cluster scale-up ... with proposal to have 128-way configurations shipping to customers by ye1992.

128-way ye1992 would both support numerical intensive environments ... but also use FCS and non-blocking loosely-coupled access to massive disk farm in large-scale DBMS operation (mainframe DB2 people started whining that if I was allowed to continue, it would be light-years ahead of where they were).

old email about cluster scale-up ... including several references to LLNL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

END OF FILE

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: END OF FILE
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 13 Aug 2012 10:00:53 -0400
jmfbahciv <See.above@aol.com> writes:
EOF on magtape was two tape marks. EOF only makes sense with collections of bits on the disk.

all processing that I worked on, end-of-file was single tape mark, two tape marks was end-of-data (no more data/files on tape). end-of-tape was a reflective piece near the end of tape (stop the drive from running tape off the spool) ... similar reflective piece at the front of tape.

cms tape command would pack multiple cms files per tape file ... it formated each tape record with some header bits ... starting out with file descriptor record ... that also included number of data records in file ... followed by file data records (differentiate different cms files in tape file).

as tape technology increased number of bits per recording inch ... but didn't significantly decrease size of inter-record gap (physical characteristic that tape drive worked with). as a result, penalty for writing small tape records increased ... there could be a enormous difference in amount of data that could be put on tape based on size of tape record used. combining two small records into single tape record could double data on tape ... aka small data record could be smaller than inter-record gap ... combining two small records cut number of inter-record gaps in half (per bytes written to tape).

in the late 70s and early 80s ... I had done CMSBACK ... used at internal datacenters for backup/archive ... and spent some amount of time improving/optimizing data format on tape. ... misc. old email mentioning cmsback
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#cmsback

later, cmsback morphed into workstation datasave facility product for customers. workstation datasave facility is taken over by disk division in the early 90s (in the period that top management was prepping the company for breacking up into small pieces, the disk division was being prepared as adstar) and morphed into ADSM (AdStar storage manager).

Gerstner is brought in to resurrect IBM and he reverses the decision to breakup the company. ADSM is transferred to Tivoli and survives today as TSM. past posts mentioning archive/backup
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#backup

However, disk division (adstar) isn't free and clear. It eventually is sold off and no longer exists. This was somewhat prophesied in the late 80s ... when a senior disk engineer got a talk scheduled at annual, worldwide, internal communication group conference and opened with statement that the communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division. The issue was that the communication group had stranglehold on the datacenter with its "strategic ownership" of everything that crossed the datacenter walls ... and trying to protect is dumb terminal paradigm and terminal emulation install base. The disk division was seeing data fleeing the datacenter (to more distributed computing friendly platforms) with downturn in disk sales. The disk division had come out with a number of products to reverse the trend ... but were being vetoed by the communication group (protecting their turf). past posts mentioning terminal emulation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#emulation
AMEX, Private Equity, IBM related Gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 13 Aug, 2012
Subject: How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
Blog: IBMers
Note in the early REXX history ... there is also discussion about doing distributed development with people all over the world using the internal network ... upthread reference that internal network was larger than arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until late '85 or early '86 ... and list of worldwide locations that had one or more new network nodes in 1983
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#8

recent post about fractals, Mendelbrot (and other stuff)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#74

references:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benoit_Mandelbrot

from above:
Mandelbrot left IBM in 1987, after 35 years and 12 days, when IBM decided to end pure research in his division.

... snip ...

aka the research division stopped doing pure research

First part of 70s, I was being used to help distribute dataprocessing around the world. One of my hobbies has building production operating systems used by internal datacenters ... including HONE. When emea hdqtrs moved from NY to Paris ... I was asked to go over to make sure the datacenter supporting emea hdqtrs went in. This was repeated several places around the world. I got to wander around making sure things worked. For whatever reason, I apparently was viewed as neutral participant ... shows up in EMEA hdqtrs where WW2 (first part of the 70s) appeared to still be relatively fresh. Different country members would lobby me to take sides in country-oriented politics.

past posts in this thread:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#84 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#87 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#90 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#92 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#95 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#82 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#2 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#12 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#18 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#31 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#46 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#68 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#63 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#65 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Any cool anecdotes IBM 40yrs of VM

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 13 Aug, 2012
Subject: Any cool anecdotes IBM 40yrs of VM
Blog: Enterprise Systems
re:
http://lnkd.in/gHheSd
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#62 Any cool anecdotes IBM 40yrs of VM

i have old assemble output file from dmsrex from spring 1983 ... posted separator page
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004d.html#26

I had large number of files from science center both cp67 (even going back to my undergraduate days in the 60s) and vm370 ... backed up to tape. This included the original execs that first implemented cms multi-level source update.

In the mid-80s, Melinda was looking for the original cms multi-level update ... and was able to pull it off backup tapes (I had copied from 800bpi to 1600bpi to 6250bpi to cartridge tapes over the years). I had files replicated on tapes in the Almaden research tape library. Melinda's request was timely because a couple months later there was operational problems at Almaden datacenter where random tapes were being mounted for scratch ... and managed to trash my replicated backups.

long-winded old post mentioning quite a few things
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#42

has list of tapes that were trashed (including copy of plc2.15 csc/vm distribution tape referenced in upthread post) and copies of some of the email exchange with Melinda.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

END OF FILE

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: END OF FILE
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 13 Aug 2012 12:52:00 -0400
Jean-Marc Bourguet <jm@bourguet.org> writes:
My understanding is that EBCDIC was introduced along with /360. (I'm probably in the best place to get my understading corrected).

Yours,


BCD predated 360 ... EBCDIC extended BCD to 256 punch codes. old 360 "green card" will give punch-row for BCD & EBCDIC as well as hex equivalent.

this is Q&D html conversion of ios3270 version of green card ... but lacks punch card info from real green card
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/gcard.html

wiki reference:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punched_card

ebcdic wiki (some discussion about ascii versus ebcdic)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EBCDIC

for other drift ... this discusses going to ebcdic (instead of ascii) was the biggest/worst mistake of 360
https://web.archive.org/web/20180513184025/http://www.bobbemer.com/P-BIT.HTM

above also references the person that "coined" the term byte.

this has a high resolution (11mb) pdf scan of 360 green card
http://weblog.ceicher.com/2006/12/ibm-system360-green-card.html

backside gives table for

decimal (0-255), hexadecimal, if hex code is instruction mnemonic, gives the mnemonic, graphic/control in both bcdic and ebcdic, 7-track bcdic, punch card code, and 360 8-bit code

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Unthinkable, Predictable Disasters

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 13 Aug, 2012
Subject: Unthinkable, Predictable Disasters
Blog: Google+
Unthinkable, Predictable Disasters; The disintegration of the euro, like America's entitlement bomb, is both unfathomable and inevitable.
http://reason.com/archives/2012/07/09/unthinkable-predictable-disasters

CBO has last decade tax revenues were reduced by $6T and spending increased by $6T for $12T budget gap (compared to baseline which had all federal dept retired by 2010), coming after congress allowed fiscal responsibility act (required tax revenue to match spending) to expire in 2002 ... the first major legislation after expire of fiscal responsibility act was medicare part-d, described as trillions of dollar gift to the drug industry, comptroller general has described it as unfunded mandate becoming long-term $40T, totally swamping all other items. CBS 60mins had segment on what went on with primary 18 involved (elected&staff) in getting pard-d passed ... after passing all resigned and on drug industry payroll. They add one sentence just before vote that prevents competitive bidding and blocked CBO distributing analysis of the effect of that one sentence.

On business trips to Greece in the 90s, one thing struck me was the locals bragging on how tax fraud was epidemic and fundamental part of greek society.

In the middle of the last decade, comptroller general (in addition to comments about part-d, representing long-term $40T unfunded mandate swamping all other items) ... would include in speeches that nobody in congress was capable of middle-school arithmetic.

currently half-way thru:
https://www.amazon.com/The-Party-Over-Republicans-ebook/dp/B007V65OLG

life-long loyal republican congressional staffer expose. Numbers for last decade was that slightly over $2T of the $6T increase in spending (last decade compared to baseline) was for DOD, slightly over $1T appropriated for the wars and slightly over $1T not really can account for anything. Lofgren's numbers now are wars are up to $3T and counting (other numbers that include long term medical benefits will put it closer to $5T). Claims that pending DOD cuts as doom&gloom ... still leave DOD inflation-adjusted budget higher than 2007.

recent posts mentioning medicare part-d
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#6 We are on the brink of a historic decision [referring to defence cuts]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#36 McCain calls for U.S.-led airstrikes in Syria
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#40 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#61 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#68 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#0 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#41 Lawmakers reworked financial portfolios after talks with Fed, Treasury officials
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#51 Is this Boyd's fundamental postulate, 'to improve our capacity for independent action'? thoughts please
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#63 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#81 Should the IBM approach be given a chance to fix the health care system?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#37 If all of the American earned dollars hidden in off shore accounts were uncovered and taxed do you think we would be able to close the deficit gap?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

What's the bigger risk, retiring too soon, or too late?

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 13 Aug, 2012
Subject: What's the bigger risk, retiring too soon, or too late?
Blog: Greater IBM
Late last century we were asked to look at improving integrity of supporting documents in securitized mortgages. Fraudulent supporting documents had been used with securitized mortgages during the S&L scandal. The problem this time was that the loan originators discovered that they pay the rating agencies for triple-A ... even when the loan originators and rating agencies knew they weren't worth triple-A. The purpose of triple-A was to open up the market to those funds restricted in only dealing in "safe" triple-A instruments ... like the large retirement funds. With the much larger market, they were able to do $27T.
Evil Wall Street Exports Boomed With 'Fools' Born to Buy Debt
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601109&refer=home&sid=a0jln3.CSS6c

part of the current obfuscation with cleanup is how badly those large retirement funds got hit.

The other issue ... was that the triple-A ratings trump everything ... the loan originators no longer needed supporting documents (and with no supporting documents there was no longer an issue about document integrity and/or fraudulent documents). The loan originators could do liar loans, no documents and no longer had to care about borrower's qualifications and/or loan quality.

The retirement issue is how much of the triple-A rated toxic assets are still being held by large retirement funds. TARP had originally allocated $700B for purchase of toxic assets ... but with a total of $27T done ... even at the end of 2008, just the four largest TBTF were still holding $5.2T (off-book)
Bank's Hidden Junk Menaces $1 Trillion Purge
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=akv_p6LBNIdw&refer=home

Earlier in fall of 2008, several tens of billions of toxic assets had gone for 22cents on the dollar. The $700B couldn't even have covered the 22cents on the dollar of the four largest TBTF (and if they had the $1.144T to do it, the $4+T in losses would have to be brought back on book and the four largest TBTF would have been declared insolvent and liquidated). What then had to happen with the $700B was mostly facade ... as far as the TBTF were concerned ... and left to the federal reserve to take care of things behind the scenes. The federal reserve figured that loaning trillions to the TBTF (at zero percent) would unfreeze the consumer loan market ... but instead they just bought treasuries and used the spread to pay off the TARP and then pay huge bonuses. Bernanke finally testified that he didn't know what else to do ... since he didn't actually have the power to force the TBTF to make consumer loans with the trillions provided by the federal reserve.

Separate analysis is that the several tens of trillions loaned by the federal reserve (to the TBTF) could have been used to buy the complete national debt at zero percent interest (rather than allowing the TBTF to profit on the spread) and what was left over could have been provided to community banks which would have been enough to completely cover the mortgage market.

Some amount of NINJA is misdirection ... liar loans were fantastic for speculators ... they could get 1% interest only payment ARMs ... and in parts of the country with 20-30% inflation make 2000% ROI flipping after a year before rate adjusted. The lack of oversight also results in finding drug cartels were laundering a lot of money through the mortgage lenders (aka regulatory agencies were 3monkeys during the last decade, see no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil)

disclaimer: Jan 2009, I was asked to HTML'ize the Pecora hearings (30s senate hearings into crash of '29, had been scanned the fall before at the boston public library), lots of internal cross-links as well as lots of URLs between what happened this time and what happened then (some anticipation that new congress would have appetite to do something). After working on it for some time, I got a call that it wasn't needed after all (enormous piles of wallstreet money being spread on capitol hill).

Actual NINJA loans (i.e. borrowers actually didn't have income, job or assets) was possibly 1-2% of the $27T (i.e. $540B or less).

the $27T was collaterized debt obligations ... mostly securitized mortgages ... see referenced article upthread

inflation adjusted in the major real-estate bubble markets was at least 100% ... example miami $130k to $310k
http://www.aboutinflation.com/inflation-adjusted-charts/us-real-estate-index-inflation-adjusted-charts/miami-fl-real-estate-inflation-adjusted-index-chart

The scam in florida was heavy highrise building with story that all the baby boomers were going to retire, sell their mcmansions and converge on florida, each with millions in their pockets. local 2008 news stories were hair dressers, janitors, school teachers, etc carrying 3-4 highrise condo mortgages ... having been promised if they make the minimum/interest-only payments, they make 2000% ROI off the retiring baby boomers moving to florida (ninjas don't make payments and the bubble doesn't get off the ground; any significant amount of ninjas during the bubbles would have to be fronts with somebody else making payments)

the liar loans for real-estate speculation and bubble ... was the equivalent to the brokers' loans that fueled the stock market speculation and bubble (resulting in the crash of '29). the secret ingredient for the liar loans was packaging as CDOs and pay the rating agencies for triple-A rating on the toxic CDOs ... making them acceptable to large institutional investors (like large retirement funds) that are restricted to only dealing in triple-A ratings.

Total real-estate loss of value since bubble peak is $9T
http://www.worldpropertychannel.com/us-markets/residential-real-estate-1/real-estate-news-home-value-d

basically back to pre-bubble levels. Need minimum of $18T ... at 100% inflation ($9T base plus $9T inflation). Assuming $27T in triple-A rated toxic CDOs and $9T inflation, that would make $18T base or overall across US avg 50% inflation aka $9T/($27T-$9T)

while there was lots of participation in causing the economic bubble and crash ... there was even more innocent collateral damage. congressional hearing into the rating agencies played pivotal role enabling being able to do $27T (w/o that help it would have only been 10% or less of what actually happened).

another part ... this shows up in many articles from 2007 & 2008 ... but repeated from today:

The Accounting Trick Behind Thirty Years of Scandal
http://business.time.com/2012/08/15/the-accounting-trick-behind-thirty-years-of-scandal/

a couple recent discussions of just one small group, Gerstner (AMEX, KKR/RJR, IBM, Carlyle), Weill (AMEX, CITI) & Dimon (AMEX, CITI, CHASE)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#82 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#87 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#25 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?

if you follow recent business news, Weill (major force behind GLBA, repeal of Glass-Steagall, enabling too-big-to-fail) has now come out in favor of breaking up TBTF. (weill loosing out to Gerstner for heir apparent has been suggested as motivation for doing TBTF)

Its currently fairly evident that bubble/crash resulted in crashing a lot of individual 401ks that were in equities (part of collateral damage). some of the big public retirement funds are finding themselves underfunded because they had assumed much higher interest rate than they could get in the current climate .... however there is still somewhat question how much of the triple-A rated toxic CDOs are held by large retirement funds (aka major motivation behind paying rating agencies for triple-A on toxic CDOs ... and there was $27T done during the bubble)

gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
private equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

END OF FILE

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: END OF FILE
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 13 Aug 2012 20:16:40 -0400
hancock4 writes:
Likewise applied to disk. Amazing how many programmers failed to block at all or had far too small blocks. This not only wasted media, it greatly increased processing time, too, for both tape and disk.

In the old days we had a reference card specific to the tape or disk drive to tell us optimum blocking factor. Way back one didn't want to block too high as they would result in errors and poor performance. In the 1970s we went for about 5,000 characters per block on tape max-- more than that didn't save anything.

On OS, IBM later offered BLKSIZE=0 letting the system determine optimum blocksize for the device. Saved a lot of time, especially since various kinds of tapes or disks would be used at any time.

There is also something "SMS" which automatically handles I/O management.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#70 END OF FILE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#73 END OF FILE

9track tape
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_track_tape

from above:
The 9-track tapes had reflective stickers placed 10 feet (3.0 m) from the beginning of tape (BOT) and 14 feet (4.3 m) from the end of tape (EOT) to signal the hardware. Nine-track tapes commonly had densities of 800, 1600, and 6250 cpi, giving approximately 20MB, 40MB and 140MB respectively on a standard 2,400 feet (730 m) tape. Signaling EOT (end of tape) with space remaining to write trailer blocks allowed support for multivolume labelled tapes.

...
The maximum data capacity of a 2400 ft reel, blocked at 32,767 bytes and recorded at 6250 BPI was 170 megabytes. Typically, much smaller block sizes, such as 4K (4,096 bytes) were used, in which case the storage capacity of the tape was reduced by 33%, to 113 megabytes.

... snip ...

and:
http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/storage/storage_3420.html

6250BPI tape had .3in interecord gap. 5000bytes would be .8in with gap is 1.1in ... i.e. about 73% data and 27% gap.

cms file tape utility dumped file-control block (64bytes) as physical record plus separate one or more data blocks of 4000bytes. small files guaranteed minimum of two gaps and two blocks; .65in of data and .6in of gaps (half tape of gaps). One of the things I did for cmsback was combine file-control block with data blocks in same physical tape record.

One of the issues was that the original cms tape utility (from cp67/cms) was modified for VMFPLC ... used for product release and monthly PLC maintenance distribution on tape. The modifications for VMFPLC was done by the NEPC vm370 development group.

After future system failure ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

the head of POK convinced corporate to kill the vm370 product, shutdown the NEPC development group and move all the people to POK to support work on MVS/XA (or otherwise MVS/XA wouldn't be able to make its ship schedule). Endicott managed to save the vm370 product mission but had reconsitute the vm370 development group from scratch. Lots of stuff was lost in shutdown of NEPC ... including their VMFPLC source. Endicott eventually had to recreate VMFPLC source from scratch as VMFPLC2 (so it was interoperable with VMFPLC tapes).

At the time, I didn't know they had lost the VMFPLC source ... but I had a copy ... and it is what I modified for VMXPLC that was used for CMSBACK. past updates mentioning backup/archive
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#backup

gcard ios3270 had part of the disk capacity table ... so it shows up in my conversion to html:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/gcard.html
DASD capacity formulae
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/gcard.html#26.3

one of the things now is all tape and disk are physically fixed block. CKD disks that allowed different block sizes haven't been manufactured for decades ... being simulated on fixed-block disks.

Even the final generation of (supposedly) real CKD disks (3380) ... were alrerady a form of fixed block ... which shows up in the record size calculations ... where values are rounded up to integral size.

3375 was CKD simulated on 3370 FBA device.

Part of the issue was 3380 were the large datacenter disk ... but the only mid-range disk were 3370. There was enormous explosion in 4341 numbers ... in some cases large corporations with orders of hundreds at a time ... going out into departmental supply rooms and conference rooms. The only new disks for this market was the 3370 FBA. However, the POK favorite son operating system has never been able to deploy FBA disk support ... even still being stuck on CKD (motivation for simulation continuing until current day). finally there was lots of pressure to do simulated CKD (3375) that might allow MVS to play in this market. However, the other issue with MVS was support was extremely high-skilled human manual intensive ... the idea of having 3-4 support people fulltime dedicated for every departmental supply room system ... basically priced annual human costs more than system capital costs (ignoring the issue that was unlikely to find additional thousands of such MVS high-skilled support personnel)

misc. past posts mentioning mainframe ckd, fba, multi-track search, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#dasd

misc. old email related to 4300 machines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#43xx

sort of the leading edge of distributed computing tsunami

other tape ... 3480 tape cartridge:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_3480_Family
and
http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/storage/storage_3480.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

ESCON

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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: ESCON
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 13 Aug 2012 17:43:06 -0700
tony@HARMINC.NET (Tony Harminc) writes:
One would think that Fortune 500 companies would protect their old sites, but no one seems to have noticed or cared about this one.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#68 ESCON
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#69 ESCON

how 'bout all the san jose (disk) storage division of IBM webpages

lots of stuff you have to go to the wayback machine:
https://web.archive.org/web/20010810145013/http://www.storage.ibm.com/hdd/firsts/1970.htm

the above includes URL for "The Fibre Channel Association" ... which no longer exists ... and apparently had robots.txt so it was saved by wayback machine.

fiber channel wiki page:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibre_Channel

from above:
When Fibre Channel started to compete for the mass storage market its primary competitor was IBM's proprietary Serial Storage Architecture (SSA) interface. Eventually the market chose Fibre Channel over SSA, depriving IBM of control over the next generation of mid- to high-end storage technology.

... snip ...

aka as I mentioned what I tried to do was evolve Harrier/9333 (precursor to SSA) so that it interoperated with Fiber channel ... rather than trying to compete. As previously mentioned Harrier/9333 (and SSA) was serial copper. above wiki references that FCS wasn't limited to serial fiber-optics but also supported serial copper.

The current fibre channel standard web site:
http://www.fibrechannel.org/

fiber channel standard wiki page ... lists earliest standard from 1994
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Fibre_Channel_standards

but work had started in the 1988 time-frame ... and as this post indicates referencing early Jan1992 meeting in ellison conference room
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13

there were fiber channel products by 1992.

The big transition was going to full-duplex, asynchronous operation (simultaneous, concurrent transmission in both directions) ... as bitrate was increasing end-to-end half-duplex latency was becoming larger and larger throughput bottleneck.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

END OF FILE

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: END OF FILE
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 14 Aug 2012 10:17:41 -0400
jmfbahciv <See.above@aol.com> writes:
This work wasn't done in the monitor?

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#70 END OF FILE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#73 END OF FILE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#76 END OF FILE

cmsback morphs into workstation datasave facility (followed by ADSM and TSM) added client/server backup/archive ... workstation datasave facility started out with a large library of client programs ... for lots of different platforms that would talk to (mainframe) server over various networks.

disk division is getting desperate ... the stranglehold that the communication group has on the datacenter is starting an accelerating downturn ... and disk division is starting willing to try all sorts of things for mainframe to play in distributed computing enviornment.

besides picking up workstation datasave ... product done out of research division and morphing into adsm ... the other work-around to communication group veto'ing all their internal developed products ... was starting to fund external groups (like NCAR's spinoff Mesa Archive) ... developing distributed computing applications ... and use ibm products (aka senior disk engineer opening statement at large internal conference that communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division).

topic drift ... ongoing thread over in ibm-main touching on demise of disk division
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#68 ESCON
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#69 ESCON
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#77 ESCON

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Romney and Ryan's Phony Deficit-Reduction Plan

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 14 Aug, 2012
Subject: Romney and Ryan's Phony Deficit-Reduction Plan
Blog: Google+
re:
https://plus.google.com/u/0/102794881687002297268/posts/QxtLmiHQhEm

Romney and Ryan's Phony Deficit-Reduction Plan
http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/08/14/romney-and-ryan-s-phony-deficit-reduction-plan.print.html

before Saturday announcement:

Spinney's review The Central Role of Faux Republicans in the Anatomy of Decline
http://www.counterpunch.org/2012/08/10/the-central-role-of-faux-republicans-in-the-anatomy-of-decline/
of Lofgren's book The Party Is Over: How Republicans Went Crazy, Democrats Became Useless, and the Middle Class Got Shafted
https://www.amazon.com/The-Party-Over-Republicans-ebook/dp/B007V65OLG

I had bought the book Friday and had already read several Ryan references by the time of the Sat. morning announcement

then after the announcement:
http://www.counterpunch.org/2012/08/12/get-ready-for-the-slaughter/

'80s TIME Spinney article ... gone behind paywall but lives free at wayback machine (except pg8)
https://web.archive.org/web/20070320170523/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,953733,00.html
also
https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,953733,00.html
which led to me sponsoring Boyd's briefings at IBM ... later Spinney reference to Boyd:
http://radio-weblogs.com/0107127/stories/2002/12/23/genghisJohnChuckSpinneysBioOfJohnBoyd.html

"Confidence Men"
https://www.amazon.com/Confidence-Men-Washington-Education-ebook/dp/B0089LOKKS/

... the economic "A-team" helped get the president elected and in the "japan-or-sweden" solution they were going to choose "sweden" ... but they were also going to hold those on wallstreet accountable ... the president then appoints the "B-team" (many members who were instrumental in creating the financial bubble) which selects "japan" solution (and weren't going to hold any accountable)

...

CBO has last decade, tax revenues were reduced by $6T and spending increased by $6T for $12T budget gap (compared to baseline which had all federal dept retired by 2010), coming after congress allowed fiscal responsibility act (required tax revenue to match spending) to expire in 2002 ... the first major legislation after expire of fiscal responsibility act was medicare part-d, described as trillions of dollar gift to the drug industry, comptroller general has described it as unfunded mandate becoming long-term $40T, totally swamping all other items (middle of last decade, he would include in speeches that nobody in congress was capable of middle-school arithmetic based on what they were doing to budget).

Boyd posts & references
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

360/20, was 1132 printer history

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 360/20, was 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 14 Aug 2012 14:44:42 -0400
John Levine <johnl@iecc.com> writes:
The IBM 709 was the first computer with channel I/O, which arguably makes it the first recognizable mainframe.

a big issue with mainframe half-duplex channel paradigm shows up in 3090. number of channels were designed for target throughput assuming 3380 disks with 3mbyte/sec transfer and disk controller with "overhead" same as 3830 controller. however, the 3880 disk controller had significant (by quite a bit) increased overhead processing. In going from 3830 to 3880 controller, a much slower vertical microcode microprocessor (than the 3830 horizontal microcode microprocessor) ... but with dedicated hardware path for (3mbyte) data transfers. As a resut there was significant increased latency and processing for each operation ... with significantly increased channel busy (aggravated by the half-duplex paradigm forced to experience end-to-end round-trip latency).

when this was finally discovered by the 3090 people ... they realized that they needed to add significant number of additional channels for spreading the 3880 controllers across ... as counter to the large increase in channel busy time. this required additional TCM in the 3090 which was significant additional manufacturing costs. There were joking references that the 3090 group would charge the 3880 group for the increase in manufacturing costs.

afterwards, attempting to "feature" the problem, there was big uptic in references to 3090 superior operation because of the massive number of channels.

late 80s and early 90s there was start of transition to serial, (full-duplex) asynchronous i/o channels attempting to mask the increasing penalty paid by end-to-end half-duplex paradigm (as transfer rates skyrocketed).

at a time half-duplex ibm channels were moving from 3mbytes to 4.5mbytes ... serial-copper was doing 10mbytes and serial-fiber was doing 125mbytes. recent reference in ibm-main thread about harrier/9333 (with serial copper) and fiber-channel
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#68 ESCON
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#69 ESCON
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#77 ESCON

in 9333/harrier case, it took scsi bus commands and "packetized" them sending them down 10mbyte serial-copper interface that could do concurrent asynchronous parallel 10mbyte transfers in both directions.

This reference to early Jan1992 meeting in Ellison's conference room ...
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13

I wanted to enhance 9333/harrier to interoperate with fiber-channel ... instead it morphed into SSA ... with parallel 20mbyte/sec transfers. I had done a lot of benchmarks with 9333/harrier against traditional scsi configurations ... using effectively the same disks ... and 9333/harrier had significantly higher sustained throughput.

above ESCON thread references fiber channel wiki page:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibre_Channel

from above:
When Fibre Channel started to compete for the mass storage market its primary competitor was IBM's proprietary Serial Storage Architecture (SSA) interface. Eventually the market chose Fibre Channel over SSA, depriving IBM of control over the next generation of mid- to high-end storage technology.

... snip ...

note that current mainframe ficon channel is built ontop fiber-channel (in the early 90s time-frame, POK engineers atteding standards meetings were attempting to layer traditional mainframe half-duplex paradigm ontop of fiber-channel ... which had gone to lots of trouble to be full-duplex asynchronous).

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 14 Aug 2012 17:46:47 -0400
Dave Garland <dave.garland@wizinfo.com> writes:
The military isn't an organ of the state? Or it's always been the case, so it's business as usual rather than an erosion?

well there is this ...

Today's Slow-Motion U.S. Military Coup
http://nation.time.com/2012/08/14/todays-slow-motion-u-s-military-coup/
The Slow Motion Coup: Militarization and the Implications of Eisenhower's Prescience
http://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/the-slow-motion-coup-militarization-and-the-implications-of-eisenhower%E2%80%99s-prescience

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

END OF FILE

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: END OF FILE
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 15 Aug 2012 09:56:33 -0400
glen herrmannsfeldt <gah@ugcs.caltech.edu> writes:
I don't know about other facilities, but the ones I remember would not let ordinary users write to tapes in BLP (bypass label processing) mode. To get a tape either SL or NL, you filled out a form and brought it to a special office.

I do remember programs to dump the contents of a tape in various forms, such as hex dump of the first blocks of each file, that would run BLP but read only. If I remember, LABEL=(,BLP,,IN). The tape is then mounted without a write ring and you can read all the labels as data. The system won't attempt to verify the label.

If you had an NL tape, then you could write a label on it, for example with IEBGENER.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#70 END OF FILE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#73 END OF FILE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#76 END OF FILE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#78 END OF FILE

when I originally did CMSBACK, cms didn't have standard label processing ... so I wrote my own for CMSBACK ... to make sure that operator was mounting the correct tape. old email mentioning CMSBACK
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#cmsback
and past posts mentioning backup/archive
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#backup

that failed to help when Almaden operations started mounting random tapes for scratch requests in the mid-80s and wiped out a lot of tapes recently mentioned here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#72 Any cool anecdoates IBM 40yrs of VM

in thread about SHARE recently had references to VM370 appeared 40yrs ago (also at vm workshop) ... aka morph of cp67 from 360/67 to 370s. other recent refs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#25 VM370 40yr anniv, CP67 44yr anniv
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#62 Any cool anecdotes IBM 40yrs of VM

older post with more details about glitch in Almaden operations mounting random tapes as scratch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#42

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Does anyone remember what mainframe backup products were for VMs around 2000/2001

From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 15 Aug, 2012
Subject: Does anyone remember what mainframe backup products were for VMs around 2000/2001
Blog: Greater IBM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Tivoli_Storage_Manager

I had originally done cmsback in the late 70s for internal datacenters ... some old email (nearly a decade before 1988 mentioned in above)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#cmsback

One of my biggest internal customers was the US HONE datacenters that had been consolidated in the mid-70s at 1501 Cal. in Palo Alto (has different occupant now ... until their move to old sun campus, 1501 had distinction of being next door to 1601 ... much newer bldg ... but occupied by FACEBOOK).

discussion about backup from ibmvm mailing list 1999
https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups#!searchin/bit.listserv.vmesa-l/backup$20restore/bit.listserv.vmesa-l/8q-kPCGmAu4/FuhILQvmJTsJ

ibmvm archive is also at listserv.uark.edu

most discussion was vm/backup from sterling software

As an aside ... person that helped me with early versions of CMSBACK ... (used at internal datacenters, later morphs into released workstation datasave facility product released to customers and then into ADSM and then current TSM) ... left in the early 80s and worked for a number of different vendors doing their vm backup/archive products (some of which still survive in the market, in fact, at one point ibm/endicott selected one of his implementations to market).

recent discussion in comp.lang.pl1 & alt.folklore.computers drifting into talk about standard labeled tapes. cms didn't have SL processing when I originally did CMSBACK ... so one of the first things I did for CMSBACK was implement its own SL processing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#82

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Did Bill Gates Steal the Heart of DOS?

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 15 Aug, 2012
Subject: Did Bill Gates Steal the Heart of DOS?
Blog: Old Geeks
re:
http://lnkd.in/f5VFnb

Did Bill Gates Steal the Heart of DOS? The mystery of the rumored theft of CP/M by a little company called Microsoft can finally be investigated -- using software forensic tools
http://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/software/did-bill-gates-steal-the-heart-of-dos/0

Note there was also an internal corporate group on the west coast working on software for PC ... when Boca was saying it was only interested in doing the hardware. Every month the group would confirm that Boca wasn't interested in doing software and was perfectly happy with the west coast group doing software. Then at one point, Boca goes outside the company for software and tells the internal group that if they want to work on software for the PC, they would have to move to Boca.

there is folklore that parts of vxworks started out as port of vm370 rscs/vnet from 370 assembler to C. the claim is that the core monitor for vxworks was somewhat brain dead conversion of 370 assembler statement to C statement ... preserving the original comments on the 370 assembler statements.

there is various levels of borrowing ... starting at very low-level line-for-line code copying ... to program design&structure ... data organization, etc.

copied from the stumbled thread:
http://lnkd.in/BGCvTh

before windows there was ms-dos
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOS
before ms-dos there was seattle computer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seattle_Computer_Products
before seattle computer there was cp/m
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/M

and before cp/m, kildall worked on cp/67 (cms) at npg (gone 404, but lives on at the wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20071011100440/http://www.khet.net/gmc/docs/museum/en_cpmName.html

also

MS-DOS is 30 years old today
http://lnkd.in/FyfEzx

If you start with CTSS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatible_Time-Sharing_System

... and then some number of people went to the 5th flr to Project MAC & Multics and others went to the 4th flr and science center. Science Center invented virtual machines & GML in the 60s (cp67/cms and some amount of other interactive computing). misc. past posts mentioning 4th flr
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech csc/vm (&/or sjr/vm) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#cscvm

There was some amount of friendly rivalry between the 4th & 5th flrs. The cp67 group split off from the science center and took over the IBM Boston Programming Center on the 3rd flr ... and then while morphing into the vm370 group outgrew the space and moved out to the vacated SBC bldg in burlington mall (SBC went to CDC in settlement of some litigation).

I continued to work on cp67/cms during the Future System period (when lots of 360/370 was being killed and/or suspended) ... even periodically ridiculing FS. Finally migrated a bunch of stuff from cp67 to vm370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#email731212 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102 .
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430 .

one of my hobbies was doing production systems for internal datacenters (see csc/vm refs in above). As part of rivalry with the 5th flr ... it wasn't fair to compare the totally number of vm370 systems with the total number of multics systems ... or even the total number of internal corporate vm370 systems with the total number of multics systems ... but at one point I had slightly more csc/vm internal datacenters than the total number of multics systems (being a much fairer comparison).

Other trivia ... in the late 60s & early 70s there were a number of spinoffs of cp67 and vm370 that were done for online commercial service bureaus. One of the people that did visicalc had been at one such (boston area) virtual machine online commercial service bureau during the 70s. misc. past posts about virtual machine service bureaus
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#timeshare

more trivia ... decade after GML was invented at the science center in the 60s, GML morphs into ISO standard SGML ... misc past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#sgml

... after another decade SGML morphs into HTML at CERN ... old ref:
http://infomesh.net/html/history/early/
and the first web server outside europe was on the slac vm370 system:
https://ahro.slac.stanford.edu/wwwslac-exhibit

other cp67 history
http://www.multicians.org/thvv/360-67.html

old email (I moved to san jose research by this time)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#email790404
in this post to alt.os.multics (usenet newsgroup)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#12

spring of 79, some people from AFDS (big multics shop) were planning on coming out to talk about twenty vm/4341s. then reposted same day in a.f.c.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#15

mentioning that they didn't actually make it out to san jose until that fall ... by which time it had grown to 210 vm/4341s

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Aug 2012 19:52:58 -0400
"Charles Richmond" <numerist@aquaporin4.com> writes:
ISTM that a "dataset" is IBM-ese for a disk file... And I think "DASD" means hard disk storage. IBM has their own vocabulary for things... For example, what most computer systems refer to as "system calls", IBM has to call "supervisor calls". And of course we have the PSW (program status word). :-)

DASD is for direct access storage device ... generic term, it predates hard disks dominating the technology ... dates from when "drums" were more common ... drums even being used for main processor storage.

dataset ... again predates disks becoming dominate technology.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

OT: Physics question and Star Trek

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: OT: Physics question and Star Trek
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 17 Aug 2012 09:37:32 -0400
kenney writes:
It is possible to synthesise larger lenses using an array of smaller ones. This is mainly used in radio astronomy due to the large wavelengths involved. IIRC there is a system with a base line of over a hundred miles being proposed with something like 1000 aerials.

The effect of atmosphere is different. Some wavelengths are blocked completely and others are diffracted due to atmospheric water and or air density variations, the atmosphere also absorbs photons. Mounting telescopes on top of mountains does help. Another factor to consider is keeping the telescope at constant temperature to avoid distortion of the structure.


recent post about Berkeley 10m telescope ... array of 36 mirrors.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#10 Slackware

the controls on the individual 6ft mirrors did a lot to adjust for structure distortion.
http://keckobservatory.org/blog/a_mirrors_perfect_reflection/

later than added duplicate which can act together (
The 85-metre (279 ft) separation between the two telescopes gives them the effective angular resolution in one direction of an 85-metre (279 ft) mirror )
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._M._Keck_Observatory

i was brought in because they wanted to put it ontop of peak in hawaii and do remote viewing from the mainland ... and they needed high-speed link. they were planning on making transition from film to ccd at the same time. CCDs are more light sensitive than film ... (cutting exposure time by factor of 100 ... but required frequent calibration). at the time, they were testing 200x200 (40k) CCD arrays at Lick
http://www.ucolick.org/

but there were rumors of DARPA project with 2Kx2K CCD array (4megapixel) and Spielburg funding 4Kx4K CCD array (16megapixel)

old email mentioning the effort
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#email830804
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#email830822
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#email830830
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#email841121
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#email860519

at the time, they were doing everything possible to avoid taking NSF money (since that would give NSF control over the telescope schedule) ... and finally found a foundation to front the money (renaming the telescope for the foundation)
http://www.keckobservatory.org/

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Cultural attitudes towards failure

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From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 17 Aug, 2012
Subject:Cultural attitudes towards failure
Blog: Boyd Strategy
re:
http://lnkd.in/9q5Zvq

Failure and Potential
http://tobeortodo.com/2012/08/14/how-big-an-obstacle-is-failure-to-your-potential/

In the past we've dealt with various DARPA entities ... in open (non-classified) areas ... and ran into program directors that would say they were only considering well known, large vendor solutions. One year we did non-classified DARPA annual program review ... supposedly limited to only one member from each institutions (mostly large universities) ... but we badgered them into letting both my wife and I participate (our 2person consulting effort) ... and we did different tracks. In the track my wife was in, she got all the participants to agree to set of efforts by the end of the first of the day. Mitre had been hired as facilitators for the review ... and morning of the 2nd day, the guy from Mitre (for the track my wife was in) started the day with flip chart of all the things that had been agreed to the day before. Obviously the flipcharts had been prepared before the review ... since it listed all the things that had been rejected the day before. The only thing noticeable about the things on the flipcharts were that they were things that had been funded for the past several years.

... aka obviously the agenda was to use the review to rubberstamp the status quo ... and the mitre facilitators were suppose to make sure that things didn't deviate from the agenda

Boyd's briefings (especially organic design for command and control) would have US military became rigid, top-down, command&control structure ... and by the early 80s the paradigm was starting to contaminate american corporate culture (especially as former miltiary officers from ww2 moved into corporate executive positions). There is little evidence that it has been reversed in either the military or corporate organizations. The infection has been so thoroughly entrenched ... there seems little evidence that it is reversible .

of course there are my periodic references to Success of Failure culture ... past reference
http://www.phibetaiota.net/2011/09/lynn-wheeler-washingtons-cult-of-continuous-failure/

possibly being allowed in to the annual darpa review (I was in the "big data" track ... which is the latest buzzword) was because we had been brought in as consultants for the 2000 census (20yr old dataprocessing needed to be replaced). a particularly feared audit was by a (former) marine ... which the census had me stand up in front of the room nearly all day handling. last year as Gray made a beeline for me sitting in the far back of the room (after he finished) ... my first thought was some marine had set me up

I'm was pretty sure Bob wouldn't have set me up ... but there are others that might.

DARPA has had some successes ... but I still remember when Craig got fired as head of DARPA. There has been characterization since then that 1) lots of its funding has been more like scatter gun ... than sniper and 2) it has been captured by big interest like much of the rest of the government.

old craig article:
http://articles.latimes.com/1990-04-30/local/me-48_1_american-industries

... I could see it from both sides, especially the HDTV scenario. Commerce dept. was holding sessions that seemed to be constantly making minor modifications to HDTV standard. The scenario seemed to be that the US companies would get the latest changes first ... giving them competitive advantage (the issue in the commerce meetings was the electronics in HDTV were comparable to that in largest supercomputers, it was expected that whoever dominated HDTV would leverage it to dominate computer industry). What the people in the meetings didn't seem to understand that the changes weren't even minor annoyance to foreign makers. My oldest had recently returned from overseas tour with foreign TV that already supported every standard

Besides Boyd's observation about corporate culture being contaminated with us military rigid, top-down, command&control and only those at the very top know what they are doing ... there has also been a lot written that over the last 30 yrs corporate executive compensation has become "mis-aligned" from the business. The military contamination that only those at the very top know what they are doing has been used to explain that the ratio of executive to worker compensation has exploded to 400:1 (after having been 20:1 for a long time and 10:1 in much of the rest of the world, Stiglitz has claim that it has recently hit 1000:1 in some places). When executive compensation becomes mis-aligned from the business ... all sorts of things can happen to a corporation that seem illogical ... some of it can be misdirection & obfuscation ... for supporting whatever the real agenda is.

The growing Success of Failure culture can waste enormous resources ... but with objective of increasing compensation for the beltway bandits. Some amount has been written about growing "continuous conflict" and/or "perpetual war" ... the objective is to have sufficient ongoing threat&violence to maintain substaintial funds flowing into MICC.
http://chuckspinney.blogspot.com/p/domestic-roots-of-perpetual-war.html

Vandergriff, raising the bar ... "2nd generation warfare is Industrial age or attrition warfare" ... aka being able to prevail with overwhelming resources. But that MICC infrastructure becomes the established status quo ... an enormous hungry beast wanting to be continuously fed (with warnings dating back to at least Eisenhower).

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 17 Aug 2012 13:09:26 -0400
"Charlie Gibbs" <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> writes:
Don't forget the infamous 2321 data cell... <snicker>

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#85 1132 printer history

univ. library got an ONR grant to do online catalog ... part of the money went for 2321. effort was also selected as one of the betatest sites for the original CICS product ... and I got tasked (as undergraduate) was supporting/debugging CICS betatest. misc. past posts mentioning CICS &/or BDAM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#cics

a couple decades later, I was introduced to engineer that talked about being on 2321 development team.

one of the things they let me do when I transferred to san jose research (at the time, bldg. 28 on main plant site) was go across the street and play disk engineer in bldgs. 14&15. misc. past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk

they increasingly con'ed into doing more & more stuff ... including sitting in on conference calls with POK channel engineers. Part of the explanation was that the san jose institutional "channel" memory had mostly been with senior engineers that were hired away in the early & mid 70s ... so they wanted me to step in and fill the gap.

One of the issues was that the 3880 controller development engineers wanted to do unsolicited/asynchronous unit checks (long convoluted reason) which were clear violation of channel architecture. I explained that they couldn't do it and had to side with POK in the escalation conference alls.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Auditors Don't Know Squat!

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Auditors Don't Know Squat!
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 17 Aug 2012 09:56:52 -0700
John_Mattson@EA.EPSON.COM (John Mattson) writes:
On another track... It seems from my past experiences, that most auditors are fresh out of college and working from a prepared script they read the night before. Perhaps auditing is "boot camp" for accountants in training. That would "account" for a lot of the messes: the S&L debacle, Coopers&Lybrand, .com mess, mortgage meltdown, and bank frauds. What junior auditor is going to report that Morgan Stanley is cooking the books.

the regulatory agencies have been increasingly playing 3monkeys (hear no evil, see no evil, speak no evil) ... so all the auditors have been "going along" (permeates the whole audit industry) ... since there hasn't been enforcement (if forced to, companies would shop for auditor that would go along).

In the S&L crisis, there was executive direction to cut reserve requirements and eliminate oversight ... the responsible regulator refused and then was asked to resign so somebody could be appointed that would comply ... this has discussion of the S&L debacle and mentions the regulator that went along ...
https://www.amazon.com/Two-Trillion-Dollar-Meltdown-Rollers-ebook/dp/B0097DE7DM/

possible to take-over S&L and use it as personal piggybank, it also helped if you had several congressmen in your pocket.

.com bubble, investment bankers had an ipo-formula ... it helpd that each of the startups eventually failed after the ipo ... since it left the field clear for the next round. I had critisized some technology that was involved in number of IPOs. I was contacted to stop making such comments, that there were investment bankers expecting to clear $2B from upcoming IPO but that some of my comments might cut that by 10% and they wanted me to stop making such comments. It wasn't anything personal, just the investment bankers were totally amoral. I talked to some law enforcement agencies ... but they didn't seem to think there was anything they could do.

recent item from google:
https://plus.google.com/u/0/102794881687002297268/posts/Na745TVVYRs

Quelle Surprise! SEC Plans to Make the World Safer for Fraudsters, Push Through JOBS Act Con-Artist-Friendly Solicitation Rules
http://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2012/08/quelle-surprise-sec-plans-to-make-the-world-safer-for-fraudsters-push-through-jobs-act-con-artist-friendly-solicitation-rules.html

mentions SEC not using Sarbanes-Oxley. note ... apparently even GAO didn't believe SEC was doing anything and started doing reports of public company fraudulent financial filings (even showing uptic after SOX). In theory, under SOX, all the executives (and auditors) would be doing jail time.
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-03-395R .
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-06-678 .
https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-06-1079sp

Note Sarbanes-Oxley was passed in the wake of ENRON & Worldcom ... claims that it would prevent something similar from ever happening again. However, there were jokes at the time that SOX was just full employment gift for auditors but wouldn't actual do anything (since it required action on the part of SEC). More recently seen on the internet:
ENRON was dry run and worked so well that it has become institutionalized

.

There were also comments at the time that possibly the only useful part of SOX was the stuff supporting whistle-blowers ... but that would also required SEC to do something. In the congressional hearings into Madoff ... the person that had tried unsuccessful for a decade to get SEC to do something about Madoff (SEC was finally forced to do something when Madoff turned himself in), testified that tips (whistle-blowers) turn up 13 times more fraud than audits. Also that SEC has no "tip" line but has a 1-800 number for corporations to complain about audits.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Auditors Don't Know Squat!

From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Auditors Don't Know Squat!
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 17 Aug 2012 11:45:52 -0700
zedgarhoover@GMAIL.COM (zMan) writes:
Yeah, we had some of those. Their offices were a mess and they didn't bathe often enough.

Oh, wait, you're talking software...yeah, "core cancer" or "storage creep" were what I was weaned on.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#89 Auditors Don't Know Squat!

i remember visiting pok in the early 70s when ibm was under gov. restrictions to preserve everything printed (including things like storage dumps). all the offices in an isle would be freed up ... and offices would start filling up with paper ... until they needed another isle. there was talk about exceeding the bldg. floor loading limits. this was real office storage creep.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1132 printer history

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 17 Aug 2012 18:46:30 -0400
glen herrmannsfeldt <gah@ugcs.caltech.edu> writes:
I know at least one (two, actually) 2301s that were running in the early 1980's.

The 2305 fixed head disk doesn't fit the usual definition of hard disk storage, but is, in fact, a disk.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#85 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#88 1132 printer history

most of the cp67 360/67 timesharing systems ran with one or more 2301s (drums).

there was also 2303 drum ... i never saw any ... similar to 2301 drum. 2303 drum transferred one r/w head for approx. 300kbyte/sec. 2301 drum transferred four r/w heads simulataneously for approx 1.2mbyte/sec. (each 2301 "track" data capacity was four times that of 2303).

cp67 used the tss/360 "page" format for 2301 ... nine 4kbyte pages formated over a pair 2301 "tracks" (i.e. fifth record spanned the end of first track and start of the following track).

when cp67 was first delivered to univ last week of jan1968 ... all i/o operations FIFO single transfers at the time. 2301 throughput would peak approx. 80 page-transfers/sec (each 2301 page transfer would have an avg. of half-rotational delay). 2314 disks would get degrade quickly

I implemented ordered seek queuing for disk requests ... and would chain together multiple page requests in single transfer in rotational optimized order. I could get close to 9 4k page transfers per two revoluations ... @ 3600rpm/min, 60rps, close to 30*9=270 transfers/sec (1.08mbyte/sec thruput) peak.

Ordered seek queuing change (in place of FIFO) was for all i/o requests ... both cp page i/o and virtual machine queued i/o requests ... adding ordered seek queuing resulted in cp67/cms showing much more graceful (user perceived) degradation as load increased.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

360/20, was 1132 printer history

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 360/20, was 1132 printer history
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 17 Aug 2012 19:40:10 -0400
Peter Flass <Peter_Flass@Yahoo.com> writes:
I was going to say I didn't think this was possible, but the reader and punch were independent devices - 00C and 00D as I recall. I don't know what HASP would have done with this, but then you couldn't stacker-select input cards with HASP (I believe).

HASP drove the physical reader and punch ... if the reader was ready it read cards and if it had cards to punch (all this asynchronously with application execution & spooling) ... both cases it sent cards into their respective stacker 1.

i did a 2540 driver for the univ class registration ... that read cards into (middle/central, shared) stacker 3 and optionally punched cards into same stacker ... but had to be done w/o hasp. the registration cards (were all plain manilla) were read and went into stacker 3 ... if a problem was found, a blank card was punched behind it (the cards in the punch had colored stripe across the top). after processing with all class registration cards back into the card trays ... "problem" registration was easily identified by the following colored card.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

S/360 I/O activity

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: S/360 I/O activity
Newsgroups: comp.lang.pl1, alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 17 Aug 2012 20:10:59 -0400
"Joe Morris" <j.c.morris@verizon.net> writes:
It would help to know which OS was being used, and (if OS/360) if memory was so tight that SER0 was selected for machine error recovery: that would result in a disabled wait state following a machine or channel check.

But I don't see the link between ERP and channel overload. If I'm reading the situation right this is one I/O operation (or at least I/O operatinons on one data stream on disk ("a disk track had failed"). That should have put the operation in to a loop:

• Issue DASD read CCW chain (Seek/search/TIC *-8/ReadData)
• Get an error
• make several attempts to read the data, including
numerous head-shake steps but get an I/O error
• Loop until loop limit hit

...but all of the I/O operations would have been sequential, with each one ending the channel operation before the next one can be started. Even if somehow the channel could be overloaded, that's a defined failure ("overrun") which raises Unit Check with the appropriate sense bits and isn't considered to be either a CPU or channel failure.

Remember that the S/360 line (with the exception of the /85) had no block mux channels, so any disk drive must have been on a selector (meaning that the channel cannot support more than one active I/O request); this would mean that the ERP logic shouldn't have been able to generate enough of a load to bother the CPU, even though the /50 had internal channels. This situation sounds more like there was a hardware problem either in the /50 itself or the control unit for whatever DASD was involved (probably either a 2841 or the CU portion of a 2314).


an issue was multiple channels with multiple 2314s operating concurrently on different channels with the channels having to share/interleave the memory bus

cp67 would have periodic problems. to simulate virtual machine channel programs it created a copy of the channel program substituting real addresses (in each ccw) for the virtual addresses.

channel architecture precluded prefetching CCWs ... so all processing for the previous CCW had to have completed before the next CCW could be fetched. cp67 virtual machine i/o had an issue when the virtual channel program specified contiguous virtual area that happened to cross page boundary and the pages were at non-contiguous real locations. To handle the situation, cp67 had to add one or more additional "data chained" CCWs that specified the non-contiguous real addresses ... in place of a single virtual CCW. There were times that the virtual operating system could work fine on real machine ... but when running virtually, the timing constraints for the channel program was that it couldn't fetch the data-chained CCW with the next (non-contiguous) real address before it had to start shipping data streaming in from the disk/drum to memory.

370 solved the problem with IDALs (indirect data access list) ... an IDAL ccw didn't have the data memory address ... but pointed to a list of memory addresses (for scatter/gather, non-contiguous i/o). While channel architecture prevented channel from prefetching next CCW until the processing of the previous CCW was complete ... the channel was allowed to "prefetch" addresses from IDALs (eliminating the timing problem of not having addresses reading for non-contiguous i/o transfers).

recent post discussing huge increase in number of channels for 3090
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#80 360/20, was 1132 printer history

360 green card didn't have sense data ... but the 360/67 "blue card" did included sense data (for some devices) as well as description of additional 360/67 features. this is q&d conversion of internal gcard ios3270 to HTML
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/gcard.html

I had added sense data from 360/67 blue card to the original gcard ios3270 ... including 3380 & A220 sense data not on original blue card
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/gcard.html#17

unit check, sense byte0, bit5 "overrun".

for other drift
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#88 1132 printer history

getting dragged into escalation between pok channel engineers and 3880 control unit engineers over unsolicated/asynchronous unit checks.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Did Bill Gates Steal the Heart of DOS?

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com (Lynn Wheeler)
Date: 15 Aug, 2012
Subject: Did Bill Gates Steal the Heart of DOS?
Blog: Old Geeks
re:
http://lnkd.in/f5VFnb
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#84 Did Bill Gates Steal the Heart of DOS?

IEEE admits its MS-DOS history revisionist is in Microsoft's pay; CP/M, QDOS diff man is Redmond 'expert witness'
http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/08/17/microsoft_pay_zeldman/

from above:
In his 2005 book They Made America, former Sunday Times editor Sir Harold Evans gave the first comprehensive account of the saga in a profile of the late Kildall. He concluded that QDOS was a "rip off" of CP/M. QDOS author Tim Paterson sued for defamation and lost. Paterson has always denied using Digital Research's CP/M source code to create QDOS.

... snip ...

above also refs:

Bill Gates, Harry Evans and the smearing of a computer legend; Source code of DOS, CP/M diff'ed, expert miffed
http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/08/07/kildall_unforensic_ieee_smear/

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970


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