List of Archived Posts

2021 Newsgroup Postings (11/06 - 12/31)

Women in Computing
PCP, MFT, MVT OS/360, VS1, & VS2
Who Knew ?
IBM Downturn
IBM 370 and Future System
Who Says Elephants Can't Dance?
The COVID Supply Chain Breakdown Can Be Traced to Capitalist Globalization
The COVID Supply Chain Breakdown Can Be Traced to Capitalist Globalization
Why Not Use Self-Driving Cars as Supercomputers?
The United States of Dirty Money
Naked Capitalism: Your No-Bullshit, Prescient Answer to Journalism of Attachment
General Electric Breaks Up
Naked Capitalism: Your No-Bullshit, Prescient Answer to Journalism of Attachment
West from Appomattox: The Reconstruction of America after the Civil War
IBM Copiers
Disk Failures
Who Knew ?
Data Breach
IBM's social media policy
European Tax Havens, The EU's Decades of Tax Trick Tolerance
Koch Funding for Campuses Comes With Dangerous Strings Attached
Obama's Failure to Adequately Respond to the 2008 Crisis Still Haunts American Politics
MS/DOS for IBM/PC
MS/DOS for IBM/PC
The System: Who Rigged It, How We Fix It
Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training
Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training
MS/DOS for IBM/PC
APL
MS/DOS for IBM/PC
Why Mislead Readers about Milton Friedman and Segregation?
In the Middle East, the US was Never about Democracy Promotion
Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training
How Delaware Became the World's Biggest Offshore Haven
APL
Nearly $500 billion lost yearly to global tax abuse due mostly to corporations, new analysis says
OS/2
Why Sabre is betting against multi-cloud
IBM Boeblingen
Climate denial is waning on the right
Boeing Built an Unsafe Plane, and Blamed the Pilots When It Crashed
New Programmer's Drink?
Clouds are service
Transaction Memory
US Auto Industry
Transaction Memory
Transaction Memory
IBM CSC, CMS\APL, IBM 2250, IBM 3277GA
The System
VM/SP crashing all over the place
VM/SP crashing all over the place
VM/SP crashing all over the place
The System
IBM Mainframe
System Availability
System Availability
Lick Observatory
System Availability
Card Associations
IBM Mainframe
How Delaware Became the World's Biggest Offshore Haven
IBM Lasers
IBM Lasers
1973 Holmdel IBM 370's
1973 Holmdel IBM 370's
Mystery Meat Congress; Clueless Mainstream Press
The cloud as supercomputer
Pfizer Is Lobbying to Thwart Whistleblowers From Exposing Corporate Fraud
The System
'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
MI6 boss warns of China 'debt traps and data traps'
1973 Holmdel IBM 370's
Wall Street Has Deployed a Dirty Tricks Playbook Against Whistleblowers for Decades, Now the Secrets Are Spilling Out
IBM2Dos
'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
How the Enron Scandal Changed American Business Forever
'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
IBM Fridays
OSI Model
IBM Fridays
Is Private Equity Overrated?
Internet Old Farts
Internet Old Farts
IBM and Internet Old Farts
IBM and Internet Old Farts
IBM and Internet Old Farts
IBM and Internet Old Farts
IBM PROFs
Gasoline costs more these days, but price spikes have a long history and happen for a host of reasons
This Air Force Targeting AI Thought It Had a 90% Success Rate. It Was More Like 25%
Cobol and Jean Sammet
F20/Tigershark & Directed Appropriations
Finland picks F-35
Finland picks F-35
'Most Americans Today Believe the Stock Market Is Rigged, and They're Right'
IBM Disks
BITNET XMAS EXEC
The US Patent and Trademark Office should act now to catalyze innovation
What Industrial Societies Get Wrong About Childhood
'Most Americans Today Believe the Stock Market Is Rigged, and They're Right'
IBM CSO
After deadly 737 Max crashes, damning whistleblower report reveals sidelined engineers, scarcity of expertise, more
DUMPRX
IBM Future System
IBM Future System
IBM Future System
IBM Disks
Network Systems
Network Systems
Automated Tape Library Systems
Computer Literacy
IBM Future System
Peer-Coupled Shared Data Architecture
Peer-Coupled Shared Data Architecture
Building the System/360 Mainframe Nearly Destroyed IBM
Building the System/360 Mainframe Nearly Destroyed IBM
Building the System/360 Mainframe Nearly Destroyed IBM
70s & 80s mainframes
Computer Performance
Computer Performance
Mainframe "Peak I/O" benchmark
Mainframe "Peak I/O" benchmark
IBM Clone Controllers
IBM Clone Controllers
The Network Nation
SSA
The Network Nation
Computer Performance
NSFNET
Multitrack Search Performance
IBM Clone Controllers
IBM Clone Controllers
IBM Clone Controllers

Women in Computing

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Women in Computing
Date: 06 Nov 2021
Blog: LinkedIn
I was at IBM Cambridge Science Center on the 4th flr while Jean Sammet was at the IBM Boston Programming Center on the 3rd flr. Periodically I would bring my kids in on weekends and typically Jean was the only other IBMer around & would complain.

Ann Hardy
https://medium.com/chmcore/someone-elses-computer-the-prehistory-of-cloud-computing-bca25645f89
Ann Hardy is a crucial figure in the story of Tymshare and time-sharing. She began programming in the 1950s, developing software for the IBM Stretch supercomputer. Frustrated at the lack of opportunity and pay inequality for women at IBM -- at one point she discovered she was paid less than half of what the lowest-paid man reporting to her was paid -- Hardy left to study at the University of California, Berkeley, and then joined the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1962. At the lab, one of her projects involved an early and surprisingly successful time-sharing operating system.
... snip ...

If Discrimination, Then Branch: Ann Hardy's Contributions to Computing
https://computerhistory.org/blog/if-discrimination-then-branch-ann-hardy-s-contributions-to-computing/

Much more Ann Hardy at Computer History Museum
https://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/102717167

science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech

past posts mentioning Jean Sammet and/or Ann Hardy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#77 IBM 370 and Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#71 book review: Broad Band: The Untold Story of the Women Who Made the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#68 MTS, 360/67, FS, Internet, SNA
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#98 CMSBACK, ADSM, TSM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#27 Someone Else's Computer: The Prehistory of Cloud Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#72 Jean Sammet — Designer of COBOL – A Computer of One's Own – Medium
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#100 Jean Sammet, Co-Designer of a Pioneering Computer Language, Dies at 89
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#94 Jean Sammet, Co-Designer of a Pioneering Computer Language, Dies at 89
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#93 Jean Sammet, Co-Designer of a Pioneering Computer Language, Dies at 89
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#35 PL/I advertising
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#4 Another Golden Anniversary - Dartmouth BASIC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#41 Quote on Slashdot.org
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#28 World's worst programming environment?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#32 Jean Sammet quotation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#35 Some Things Never Die
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#11 Article for the boss: COBOL will outlive us all
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#10 OT: CPL on LCM systems [was Re: COBOL will outlive us all]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#42 Which non-IBM software products (from ISVs) have been most significant to the mainframe's success?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#55 GML
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#14 Senior Java Developer vs. MVS Systems Programmer (warning: Conley rant)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#71 Is SUN going to become x86'ed ??
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#40 Computer language history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007l.html#58 Scholars needed to build a computer history bibliography
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006s.html#1 Info on Compiler System 1 (Univac, Navy)?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006m.html#28 Mainframe Limericks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006m.html#21 The very first text editor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006j.html#44 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005.html#8 [Lit.] Buffer overruns
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004m.html#54 Shipwrecks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004d.html#42 REXX still going strong after 25 years
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004.html#20 BASIC Language History?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003k.html#55 S/360 IPL from 7 track tape
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003c.html#1 Wanted: Weird Programming Language
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003c.html#0 Wanted: Weird Programming Language
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#78 Newsgroup cliques?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#76 (old) list of (old) books
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#17 CDC6600 - just how powerful a machine was it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#59 history of CMS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#47 TSS/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#66 360 Architecture, Multics, ... was (Re: X86 ultimate CISC? No.)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#37 S/360 development burnout?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

PCP, MFT, MVT OS/360, VS1, & VS2

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: PCP, MFT, MVT OS/360, VS1, & VS2
Date: 06 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
I took two semester hr intro to computers/fortran ... at the end of the semester, I got student job to rewrite 1401 MPIO in 360 assembler. I got to design/implement my own monitor, scheduler, device drivers, interrupt handlers, error recovery, storage management, etc. The univ. had 709/1401 (709 tape->tape with 1401 front end tape<->unit record) and had been sold 360/67 for TSS/360. The univ. got 360/30 (which had 1401 emulation mode) replacing 1401 as part of transition. The datacenter was shutdown from 8am sat. until 8am mon. and I had the place all myself for 48hrs straight (although 48hrs w/o sleep could make monday morning classes hard). Lots of trial and error, I learned that first thing was clean all the tape drives and clean printer and 2540 reader/punch ... and when 360/30 wouldn't power on ... try putting all controllers in CE-mode, power on 360/30, power on each controller and then take each controller out of CE-mode.

Then 360/67 came in replacing 709 & 360/30 ... tss/360 never came to production fruition so ran as 360/65 with os/360 and I got hired fulltime resposible for systems initially os/360 MFT9.5. 709 tape->tape ran student fortran jobs under a second. Initially os/360 ran student fortran jobs over a minute ... I installed HASP and cut student fortran jobs run time in half. For OS/360 MFT11, I tore apart SYSGEN stage2 and carefully reordered all the steps and statements to optimize datasets and PDS members placement for arm seek and PDS directory multi-track search ... cut student fortran jobs by another 2/3rds to 12.9secs. Student fortran jobs w/os360 never beat 709 until I installed Univ. of Waterloo WATFOR. Repeated careful SYSGEN for MFT14, MVT15/16, MVT18, MVT21, etc.

A decade ago I was asked if I could track down IBM decision to make all 370s virtual memory. I finally found staff member to one of the executives. He said that on typical 1mbyte 370/165 with MVT, the MVT storage management was so bad that normally only four regions could be defined (each four times larger than normally used). Going to MVT layed out in 16mbyte virtual address space (VS2/SVS) could increase the number of regions by factor of four with little or no paging (165 faster processor needing more concurrent executing regions to keep CPU busy, aka needed to show greater actual throughput than 370/155). old post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#73 Multiple Virtual Memory

Initial VS2/SVS implementation was very similar to MVT running in a CP67 16mbyte virtual machine with some of the CP67 code migrated to MVT (a little bit was setting up the virtual address space and paging, biggest hit was copying CP67 CCWTRANS into EXCP SVC0 processing).

some recent posts mentioning some of the subjects:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#105 IBM CKD DASD and multi-track search
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#77 IBM 370 and Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#68 MTS, 360/67, FS, Internet, SNA
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#64 addressing and protection, was Paper about ISO C
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#63 IBM 360s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#61 Virtual Machine Debugging
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#71 IBM Research, Adtech, Science Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#65 CSC, Virtual Machines, Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#70 the wonders of SABRE, was Magnetic Drum reservations 1952
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#17 iBM System/3 FORTRAN for engineering/science work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#79 Where Would We Be Without the Paper Punch Card?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#43 IBM Mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#19 1401 MPIO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#47 Recode 1401 MPIO for 360/30
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#43 Blank 80-column punch cards up for grabs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#38 Blank 80-column punch cards up for grabs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#27 Learning EBCDIC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#19 Univac 90/30 DIAG instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#49 Real Programmers and interruptions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#37 April 7, 1964: IBM Bets Big on System/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#34 April 7, 1964: IBM Bets Big on System/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#25 Field Support and PSRs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#40 Teaching IBM class
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#64 Early Computer Use
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#27 DEBE?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#81 Keypunch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#61 Mainframe IPL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#41 CADAM & Catia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#32 IBM TSS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#30 Main memory as an I/O device
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#26 What's Fortran?!?!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#8 IBM timesharing terminal--offline preparation?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Who Knew ?

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Who Knew ?
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 08 Nov 2021 12:09:40 -1000
Maus <Greymaus@mail.com> writes:
Doubt it. Once the Germans had been stopped at Moscow, and the ordinary Russian found out what was to happen if Germany won the war, it was only a matter of time.

Thinking today, there was a lot of very nasty things happening in Manchuria before the Russian Invasion and after it, which is not really known in The west.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#112 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#107 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#104 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#103 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#102 Who Knew ?

Roosevelt kept telling the Pacific commanders (asking for more resources) that Germany could win the war w/o Japan, but Japan couldn't win the war w/o Germany ... and so Germany had to be 1st priority ... 3/4s of German military were fighting Soviets and D-DAY was strictly side show for Germany.

Sand and Steel
https://www.amazon.com/Sand-Steel-Invasion-Liberation-France-ebook/dp/B07PPVG8HG/
pg19/loc992-98:
However, OB West's remaining twenty-three Bodenstandige (static position) divisions were either immobile or reserve infantry formations, with low Kampfwert (combat effectiveness) ratings. They were assessed as incapable of taking on offensive missions, and suitable only for limited defence. For the latter's transportation needs, in Rundstedt's domain there were 115,000 military horses on strength, a stark reminder of how reliant on these creatures the German armed forces were in 1944 - by contrast, the Allies would bring with them not a single equine. 3 A year earlier, roughly twenty-five per cent of officers stationed in France had fought in Russia; by 1944, this figure had almost doubled to sixty per cent. This did not necessarily reflect a reinforcement of the west, but a higher proportion of wounded and convalescing leaders.

pg38/loc1415-18:
It still comes as a surprise to many that the German Army in Normandy was predominantly horse-drawn. When Second Lieutenant Bob Sheehan of the US 60th Chemical Company (an outfit responsible for smoke weapons) breasted a rise over the dunes of Omaha on 7 June, he saw 'a mind-shattering sight that convinced me the war was as good as won. It was a dead horse. The poor animal was still attached to the wagon it had been pulling.

pg39/loc1421-24:
We have already noted that 115,000 of them were assigned to OB West, with exactly 33,739 on the books of the Seventh Army on 1 March 1944, and another ten thousand arriving by 1 June. 60 These numbers came as a shock to Rommel, who, of course, had commanded the 7th Panzer Division in 1940 and the Afrika Korps in 1941-3, neither of which used horses.

pg47/loc1600-1604:
The stature of the Nazi war machine, forged in North Africa, Italy and on the Eastern Front, was still feared in 1944, though demonstrably hollowed out. It also helped Berlin that the Western Allies, particularly the 21st Army Group, were also excessively cautious, which played to the German inclination - despite their convoluted command - of tactical speed of reaction. Finally, it also suited many Allied commanders after the war to talk up the prowess of their opponents, making the achievement of subduing them all the greater.
... snip ...

... and part of horrific fighting on Omaha beach (from US army war college, free PDF) ... high altitude, heavy strategic bombing almost never hit the target (however, 2/3rds of total US WW2 spending went to strategic bombing program)
https://ssi.armywarcollege.edu/2011/pubs/the-european-campaign-its-origins-and-conduct/
loc2582-85:
The bomber preparation of Omaha Beach was a total failure, and German defenses on Omaha Beach were intact as American troops came ashore. At Utah Beach, the bombers were a little more effective because the IXth Bomber Command was using B-26 medium bombers. Wisely, in preparation for supporting the invasion, maintenance crews removed Norden bombsights from the bombers and installed the more effective low-level altitude sights.
... snip ...

.... Roosevelt also felt US needed Soviets to defeat Japan ... aggreement with Stalin that Soviets would come in against Japan after Germany was defeated (i.e. 1.5million Soviets had quickly defeated million Japenese in Manchuria and were within 3days of invading Japanese homeland ... compared to Okinawa where 600k US and heavy shelling had to deal with only 76k Japanese ... and months away from any homeland invasion).

military-industrial complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex

past sand and steel posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#60 How Did America's Sherman Tank Win against Superior German Tanks in World War II?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#59 WW2 Strategic Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#19 When Nazis Took Manhattan
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#32 Fascism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#16 Boyd: The Fighter Pilot Who Loathed Lean?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#79 Collins radio and Braniff Airways 1945
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#73 Profit propaganda ads witch-hunt era
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#93 The War Was Won Before Hiroshima--And the Generals Who Dropped the Bomb Knew It
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#45 Sand and Steel
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#15 Scientist, war hero and gay icon Alan Turing is new face of the GBP50 note
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#91 The Forever War Is So Normalized That Opposing It Is "Isolationism"

some other posts mentioning US WW2 strategic bombing program
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#46 Under God
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#11 tablets and desktops was Has Microsoft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#80 The Victims of Agent Orange the U.S. Has Never Acknowledged
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#90 OT, "new" Heinlein book
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#80 Collins radio and Braniff Airways 1945
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#111 The Violent American Century: War and Terror Since World War II
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#92 The War Was Won Before Hiroshima--And the Generals Who Dropped the Bomb Knew It
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#76 The Coming of American Fascism, 1920-1940
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#69 Decline of IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#78 The Forever War Is So Normalized That Opposing It Is "Isolationism"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#69 The Forever War Is So Normalized That Opposing It Is "Isolationism"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#26 D-Day And The Myth That The U.S. Defeated The Nazis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#17 Family of Secrets
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#29 How corporate America invented 'Christian America' to fight the New Deal
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#87 LUsers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#44 People are Happier in Social Democracies Because There's Less Capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#50 More Americans Supported Hitler Than You May Think
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#30 Scientists Just Laid Out Paths to Solve Climate Change. We Aren't on Track to Do Any of Them
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#19 A Tea Party Movement to Overhaul the Constitution Is Quietly Gaining
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#78 meanwhile in eastern Asia^WEurope, was tablets and desktops was Has Microsoft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#77 Top CEOs' compensation increased 17.6 percent in 2017; The ratio of CEO-to-worker compensation grew to 312-to-1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#70 meanwhile in eastern Asia^WEurope, was tablets and desktops was Has Microsoft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#101 The Persistent Myth of U.S. Precision Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#66 off topic 1952 B-52 ad
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#45 Counterinsurgency Lessons from Malaya and Vietnam: Learning to Eat Soup with a Knife
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#22 Historical Perspectives of the Operational Art
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#2 FY18 budget deal yields life-sustaining new wings for the A-10 Warthog
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#89 The US destroyed Tokyo 73 years ago in the deadliest air raid in history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#60 Revealed - the capitalist network that runs the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#45 More Guns Do Not Stop More Crimes, Evidence Shows
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#48 1963 Timesharing: A Solution to Computer Bottlenecks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#13 Predicting the future in five years as seen from 1983
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#8 The First World War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#70 Russia Invaded Japanese Islands With U.S. Ships -- After Japan Surrendered
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#47 America's Over-Hyped Strategic Bombing Experiment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#35 Tech: we didn't mean for it to turn out like this
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#24 What if the Kuomintang Had Won the Chinese Civil War?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#21 Norden bombsight
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#74 When Working From Home Doesn't Work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#34 Disregard post (another screwup; absolutely nothing to do with computers whatsoever!)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#3 Dunkirk
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#99 The Real Reason You Should See Dunkirk: Hitler Lost World War II There
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#53 Dunkirk
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#77 Early use of word "computer", 1944
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#61 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#60 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#41 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#18 5 Naval Battles That Changed History Forever
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#69 The knives are out for Trump's national security adviser H.R. McMaster
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#60 The Illusion Of Victory: America In World War I
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#22 Ironic old "fortune"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#55 Should America Have Entered World War I?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#38 Imperial Hubris
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#91 Godwin's Law should force us to remember & fear our shared heritage with Nazi Germany
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#63 One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#89 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#83 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#68 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#36 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#34 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#33 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#32 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#63 America's Over-Hyped Strategic Bombing Experiment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#24 US Air Power
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#94 The Brothers: John Foster Dulles, Allen Dulles, and Their Secret World War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#68 Strategic Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#64 Strategic Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#56 "One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#27 British socialism / anti-trust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#117 E.R. Burroughs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#113 E.R. Burroughs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#90 "Computer & Automation" later issues--anti-establishment thrust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#88 "Computer & Automation" later issues--anti-establishment thrust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#49 Fateful Choices
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#91 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#75 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#64 Isolationism and War Profiteering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#49 Corporate malfeasance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#10 What Will the Next A-10 Warthog Look Like?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#60 For those who like to regress to their youth? :-)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#57 Shout out to Grace Hopper (State of the Union)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#31 I Feel Old

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Downturn

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: IBM Downturn
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 08 Nov 2021 13:51:18 -1000
IBM: Dead Dinosaurs Can't Dance
https://seekingalpha.com/article/4466347-ibm-dead-dinosaurs-cant-dance

Stockman in "The Great Deformation: The Corruption of Capitalism in America (i.e. IBM financial engineering company)
https://www.amazon.com/Great-Deformation-Corruption-Capitalism-America-ebook/dp/B00B3M3UK6/
pg464/loc9995-10000:
IBM was not the born-again growth machine trumpeted by the mob of Wall Street momo traders. It was actually a stock buyback contraption on steroids. During the five years ending in fiscal 2011, the company spent a staggering $67 billion repurchasing its own shares, a figure that was equal to 100 percent of its net income.

pg465/loc10014-17:
Total shareholder distributions, including dividends, amounted to $82 billion, or 122 percent, of net income over this five-year period. Likewise, during the last five years IBM spent less on capital investment than its depreciation and amortization charges, and also shrank its constant dollar spending for research and development by nearly 2 percent annually.
... snip ...

(2013) New IBM Buyback Plan Is For Over 10 Percent Of Its Stock
http://247wallst.com/technology-3/2013/10/29/new-ibm-buyback-plan-is-for-over-10-percent-of-its-stock/
(2014) IBM Asian Revenues Crash, Adjusted Earnings Beat On Tax Rate Fudge; Debt Rises 20% To Fund Stock Buybacks
https://web.archive.org/web/20140623003038/http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2014-01-21/ibm-asian-revenues-crash-adjusted-earnings-beat-tax-rate-fudge-debt-rises-20-fund-st
The company has represented that its dividends and share repurchases have come to a total of over $159 billion since 2000.

(2016) After Forking Out $110 Billion on Stock Buybacks, IBM Shifts Its Spending Focus
https://www.fool.com/investing/general/2016/04/25/after-forking-out-110-billion-on-stock-buybacks-ib.aspx
(2018) ... still doing buybacks ... but will (now?, finally?, a little?) shift focus needing it for redhat purchase.
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-30/ibm-to-buy-back-up-to-4-billion-of-its-own-shares
(2019) IBM Tumbles After Reporting Worst Revenue In 17 Years As Cloud Hits Air Pocket
https://web.archive.org/web/20190417002701/https://www.zerohedge.com/news/2019-04-16/ibm-tumbles-after-reporting-worst-revenue-17-years-cloud-hits-air-pocket

stock buyback posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#stock.buyback

Modern Capitalism Needs a Revolution to Undo the Damage It Has Caused
https://time.com/6111683/capitalism-impact-investment-ronald-cohen/

capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall

similar previous thread
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#111 IBM downfall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#110 IBM downfall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#109 IBM downfall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#99 IBM downfall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#96 IBM downfall

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM 370 and Future System

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM 370 and Future System
Date: 08 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#76 IBM 370 and Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#77 IBM 370 and Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#78 IBM 370 and Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#82 IBM 370 and Future System

"Future System" was project in the early 70s to completely replace 370 & totally different (internal politics shutting down 370 efforts, lack of new 370 during the period is credited with giving clone 370 makers their market foothold). When FS implodes, there is mad rush to get stuff back into the 370 product pipelines ... including kicking off quick&dirty 3033 & 3081 efforts in parallel. The head of POK also convinced corporate to kill the vm370 product, shutdown the development group, and transfer all the people to POK (claiming otherwise MVS/XA wouldn't ship on time). Endicott eventually manages to acquire the VM370 product mission, but had to reconstitute a development group from scratch.

As FS was imploding, Endicott cons me into doing the analysis and help with 138/148 microcode assist. I was told that machines had 6kbytes of microcode space and 370->microcode would translate appox byte-for-byte and needed to identify the highest executed 6k bytes of 370 kernel code ... which would get about a 10:1 performance improvement moved to microcode. Then Endicott wanted to ship every 138/148 with VM370 embedded (sort of like PR/SM & LPAR that appeared more than decade later with 3090) ... but POK gets corporate to veto it. Endicott had also coned me into pitching 138/148 ECPS plan to the business planners in various internal business organizations around the world (later also implemented in 4331/4341). kernel execution analysis for ECPS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#21 370 ECPS VM microcode assist

Later when customers weren't moving to MVS/XA as planned ... POK shipped VM/MA & VM/SF allowing MVS & MVS/XA be able to be run concurrently on the same 3081 (aka "migration aid") ... basically an internal virtual machine tool used for MVS/XA development (but never intended for customers). Eventually POK put in a plan for a couple hundred person group to bring up VMMA/VMSF to VM/370 performance and feature/function level. At the same time a sysprog in Rochester had added full XA/370 support to VM/370. In the internal politics to ship XA/370 support added to VM/370 or a huge POK group to upgrade VMMA/VMSF to VM/370 feature/function/performance, POK wins (and group formed in Kingston).

future system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall

other recent posts mentioning ECPS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#4 IBM Lost Opportunities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#31 What is the oldest computer that could be used today for real work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#107 3277 graphics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#91 IBM XT/370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#66 Amdahl
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#62 MAINFRAME (4341) History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#49 Holy wars of the past - how did they turn out?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#54 IBM Quota
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#39 If Memory Had Been Cheaper

VM/MA & VM/SF posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#57 MAINFRAME (4341) History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#56 MAINFRAME (4341) History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#78 IBM Tumbles After Reporting Worst Revenue In 17 Years As Cloud Hits Air Pocket
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#77 IBM downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#38 long-winded post thread, 3033, 3081, Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#32 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#36 IBM LinuxONE Rockhopper
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#32 Virtualization's Past Helps Explain Its Current Importance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#79 VM370 Development
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#91 IBM 4341, introduced in 1979, was 26 times faster than the 360/30
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#0 Miniskirts and mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#161 Slushware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#10 R.I.P. PDP-10?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#27 Complete 360 and 370 systems found
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#17 Write Inhibit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#46 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made30yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#2 Query for Destination z article -- mainframes back to the future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#35 Regarding Time Sharing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#13 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#34 Co-existance of z/OS and z/VM on same DASD farm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#24 Co-existance of z/OS and z/VM on same DASD farm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#19 Co-existance of z/OS and z/VM on same DASD farm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#18 VM Workshop 2012

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Who Says Elephants Can't Dance?

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Who Says Elephants Can't Dance?
Date: 08 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#100 Who Says Elephants Can't Dance?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#101 Who Says Elephants Can't Dance?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#113 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#3 IBM Downturn

AMEX was in competition with KKR for PE leverage-buyout of RJR and KKR wins. KKR runs into some trouble with RJR and hires away AMEX president to turn it around.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbarians_at_the_Gate:_The_Fall_of_RJR_Nabisco

The IBM board then hires away the former AMEX president, who (reverses the breakup of IBM and) uses some of the techniques used at RJR ... ref gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine.
https://web.archive.org/web/20181019074906/http://www.ibmemployee.com/RetirementHeist.shtml

... and IBM becomes a financial engineering company. Former president of AMEX then leaves IBM to head up another large PE company. Barbarians at the Capitol: Private Equity: Public Enemy (hiring prominent politicians to lobby congress to outsource gov. to their companies).
http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2007/10/barbarians-capitol-private-equity-public-enemy/
"Lou Gerstner, former ceo of ibm, now heads the Carlyle Group, a Washington-based global private equity firm whose 2006 revenues of $87 billion were just a few billion below ibm's. Carlyle has boasted George H.W. Bush, George W. Bush, and former Secretary of State James Baker III on its employee roster."
... saved

private-equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
pension posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#pensions
success of failure posts (PE companies find that gov. outsourced to their companies make more money from series of failure).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner.html
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The COVID Supply Chain Breakdown Can Be Traced to Capitalist Globalization

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: The COVID Supply Chain Breakdown Can Be Traced to Capitalist Globalization
Date: 09 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
The COVID Supply Chain Breakdown Can Be Traced to Capitalist Globalization
https://truthout.org/articles/the-covid-supply-chain-breakdown-can-be-traced-to-capitalist-globalization/
Trashing the planet and hiding the money isn't a perversion of capitalism. It is capitalism.
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/oct/06/offshoring-wealth-capitalism-pandora-papers

West from Appomattox: The Reconstruction of America after the Civil War
https://www.amazon.com/West-Appomattox-Reconstruction-America-after-ebook/dp/B0015R3Q3A/
loc2593-97:
Before the mid-nineteenth century, a company interested in incorporating had to prove to a state legislature that it was performing a function that directly promoted the public good. During the Civil War, this definition shifted. A corporation still had to perform a public function but was no longer bound by the moral imperatives imposed on early corporations. This enabled more and more businesses to incorporate. Incorporation meant that they could sell stock, which represented a share of the business, on the open market to raise money.
... snip ...

and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#53 West from Appomattox: The Reconstruction of America after the Civil War

False Profits: Reviving the Corporation's Public Purpose
https://www.uclalawreview.org/false-profits-reviving-the-corporations-public-purpose/
I Origins of the Corporation. Although the corporate structure dates back as far as the Greek and Roman Empires, characteristics of the modern corporation began to appear in England in the mid-thirteenth century.[4] "Merchant guilds" were loose organizations of merchants "governed through a council somewhat akin to a board of directors," and organized to "achieve a common purpose"[5] that was public in nature. Indeed, merchant guilds registered with the state and were approved only if they were "serving national purposes."[6]
... snip ...

capitalist posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The COVID Supply Chain Breakdown Can Be Traced to Capitalist Globalization

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: The COVID Supply Chain Breakdown Can Be Traced to Capitalist Globalization
Date: 09 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#6 The COVID Supply Chain Breakdown Can Be Traced to Capitalist Globalization

Railroaded
http://phys.org/news/2012-01-railroad-hyperbole-echoes-dot-com-frenzy.html
and
https://www.amazon.com/Railroaded-Transcontinentals-Making-America-ebook/dp/B0051GST1U
pg77/pg1984-86:
By the end of the summer of 1873 the western railroads had, within the span of two years, ended the Indian treaty system in the United States, brought down a Canadian government, and nearly paralyzed the U.S. Congress. The greatest blow remained to be delivered. The railroads were about to bring down the North American economy.

pg510/loc10030-33:
The result was not only unneeded railroads whose effects were as often bad as beneficial but also corruption of the markets and the government. The men who directed this capital were frequently not themselves capitalists. They were entrepreneurs who borrowed money or collected subsidies. These entrepreneurs did not invent the railroad, but they were inventing corporations, railroad systems, and new forms of competition. Those things yielded both personal wealth and social disasters

pg515/loc10118-22:
The need to invest capital and labor in large amounts to maintain and upgrade what had already been built was one debt owed to the past, but the second one was what Charles Francis Adams in his days as a reformer referred to as a tax on trade. All of the watered stock, money siphoned off into private pockets, waste, and fraud that characterized the building of the railroads created a corporate debt that had to be paid through higher rates and scrimping on service. A shipper in 1885 was still paying for the frauds of the 1860s.
... snip ...

In the 1880s, Supreme Court were scammed (by the railroads) to give corporations "person rights" under the 14th amendment.
https://www.amazon.com/We-Corporations-American-Businesses-Rights-ebook/dp/B01M64LRDJ/
pgxiii/loc45-50:
IN DECEMBER 1882, ROSCOE CONKLING, A FORMER SENATOR and close confidant of President Chester Arthur, appeared before the justices of the Supreme Court of the United States to argue that corporations like his client, the Southern Pacific Railroad Company, were entitled to equal rights under the Fourteenth Amendment. Although that provision of the Constitution said that no state shall "deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law" or "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws," Conkling insisted the amendment's drafters intended to cover business corporations too.
... testimony falsely claiming authors of 14th amendment intended to include corporations, pgxiv/loc74-78:
Between 1868, when the amendment was ratified, and 1912, when a scholar set out to identify every Fourteenth Amendment case heard by the Supreme Court, the justices decided 28 cases dealing with the rights of African Americans--and an astonishing 312 cases dealing with the rights of corporations.

pg36/loc726-28:
On this issue, Hamiltonians were corporationalists--proponents of corporate enterprise who advocated for expansive constitutional rights for business. Jeffersonians, meanwhile, were populists--opponents of corporate power who sought to limit corporate rights in the name of the people.

pg229/loc3667-68:
IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY, CORPORATIONS WON LIBERTY RIGHTS, SUCH AS FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND RELIGION, WITH THE HELP OF ORGANIZATIONS LIKE THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
.... snip ...

John Foster Dulles played major role rebuilding Germany economy, industry, military from the 20s up through the early 40s
https://www.amazon.com/Brothers-Foster-Dulles-Allen-Secret-ebook/dp/B00BY5QX1K/
loc865-68:
In mid-1931 a consortium of American banks, eager to safeguard their investments in Germany, persuaded the German government to accept a loan of nearly $500 million to prevent default. Foster was their agent. His ties to the German government tightened after Hitler took power at the beginning of 1933 and appointed Foster's old friend Hjalmar Schacht as minister of economics.

loc905-7:
Foster was stunned by his brother's suggestion that Sullivan & Cromwell quit Germany. Many of his clients with interests there, including not just banks but corporations like Standard Oil and General Electric, wished Sullivan & Cromwell to remain active regardless of political conditions.

loc938-40:
At least one other senior partner at Sullivan & Cromwell, Eustace Seligman, was equally disturbed. In October 1939, six weeks after the Nazi invasion of Poland, he took the extraordinary step of sending Foster a formal memorandum disavowing what his old friend was saying about Nazism
... snip ...

From the law of unintended consequences, when US 1943 Strategic Bombing program needed targets in Germany, they got plans and coordinates from wallstreet.

American Nazis Rally in New York City. On February 20, 1939, the pro-Nazi German American Bund drew more than 20,000 people to a rally in Madison Square Garden.
https://newspapers.ushmm.org/events/american-nazis-rally-in-new-york-city

June1940, Germany had a victory celebration at the NYC Waldorf-Astoria with major industrialists. Lots of them were there to hear how to do business with the Nazis
https://www.amazon.com/Man-Called-Intrepid-Incredible-Narrative-ebook/dp/B00V9QVE5O/

somewhat replay of the Nazi celebration, after the war, 5000 industrialists and corporations from across the US had conference at the Waldorf-Astoria, and in part because they had gotten such a bad reputation for the depression and supporting Nazis, as part of attempting to refurbish their horribly corrupt and venal image, they approved a major propaganda campaign to equate Capitalism with Christianity.
https://www.amazon.com/One-Nation-Under-God-Corporate-ebook/dp/B00PWX7R56/

part of the result by the 50s was adding "under god" to the pledge of allegiance (and the US motto, "In God We Trust"). slightly cleaned up version
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pledge_of_Allegiance
Even though the movement behind inserting "under God" into the pledge might have been initiated by a private religious fraternity and even though references to God appear in previous versions of the pledge, historian Kevin M. Kruse asserts that this movement was an effort by corporate America to instill in the minds of the people that capitalism and free enterprise were heavenly blessed. Kruse acknowledges the insertion of the phrase was influenced by the push-back against Russian atheistic communism during the Cold War, but argues the longer arc of history shows the conflation of Christianity and capitalism as a challenge to the New Deal played the larger role.[28]
... snip ...

capitalist posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
racism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#racism

recent posts mentioning fascists
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#104 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#80 "The Spoils of War": How Profits Rather Than Empire Define Success for the Pentagon
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#57 "We are on the way to a right-wing coup:" Milley secured Nuclear Codes, Allayed China fears of Trump Strike
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#56 "We are on the way to a right-wing coup:" Milley secured Nuclear Codes, Allayed China fears of Trump Strike
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#101 The War in Afghanistan Is What Happens When McKinsey Types Run Everything
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#80 After WW2, US Antifa come home
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#11 tablets and desktops was Has Microsoft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#96 How Ike Led
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#23 When Nazis Took Manhattan
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#18 When Nazis Took Manhattan
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#91 American Nazis Rally in New York City
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#66 Democracy is a threat to white supremacy--and that is the cause of America's crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#51 Sacking the Capital and Honor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#44 American Fascism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#34 Fascism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#32 Fascism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#14 Book on monopoly (IBM)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#6 Onward, Christian fascists
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#0 The modern education system was designed to teach future factory workers to be "punctual, docile, and sober"

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Why Not Use Self-Driving Cars as Supercomputers?

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Why Not Use Self-Driving Cars as Supercomputers?
Date: 09 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Why Not Use Self-Driving Cars as Supercomputers? Autonomous vehicles use the equivalent of 200 laptops to get around. Some people want to tap that computing power to decode viruses or mine bitcoin.
https://www.wired.com/story/use-self-driving-cars-supercomputers/

topic drift: 2011 tutorial on radar stated that to do real-time targeting of "stealth" jets would need more computer power than was then available. Spring 2015 DOD puts latest generation of computer chips on export restriction, fall 2015 at fall supercomputer conference china demonstrated that they were making their own chips (also used in radar). YE2017 article was self-driving, autonomous cars had 100 times the computer power mentioned in the 2011 radar tutorial needed for real-time targeting of "stealth" jets.

posts mentioning 2011 radar tutorial:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#48 The Kill Chain: Defending America in the Future of High-Tech Warfare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#55 Why Not Use Self-Driving Cars as Supercomputers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#60 Martial Arts "OODA-loop"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#35 US Stealth Fighter Jets Like F-35, F-22 Raptors 'No Longer Stealth' In-Front Of New Russian, Chinese Radars?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#100 The U.S. Air Force Just Admitted The F-35 Stealth Fighter Has Failed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#53 Stealthy no more? A German radar vendor says it tracked the F-35 jet in 2018 -- from a pony farm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#104 F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#49 IBM NUMBERS BIPOLAR'S DAYS WITH G5 CMOS MAINFRAMES
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#83 Is LINUX the inheritor of the Earth?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#108 F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#60 11 crazy up-close photos of the F-22 Raptor stealth fighter jet soaring through the air
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#86 Lawmakers to Military: Don't Buy Another 'Money Pit' Like F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#39 Why China's New Supercomputer Is Only Technically the World's Fastest
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#78 F-35 Multi-Role

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The United States of Dirty Money

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: The United States of Dirty Money
Date: 09 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
The United States of Dirty Money. How landlocked South Dakota became one of the world's hottest destinations for offshore funds.
https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2021/10/how-south-dakota-became-haven-dirty-money/620298/

recent posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#61 Tax Evasion and the Republican Party
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#44 The City of London Is Hiding the World's Stolen Money
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#20 Trashing the planet and hiding the money isn't a perversion of capitalism. It is capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#17 Trashing the planet and hiding the money isn't a perversion of capitalism. It is capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#8 Pandora Papers: 'Biggest-Ever' Bombshell Leak Exposes Financial Secrets of the Super-Rich
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#6 Pandora Papers: 'Biggest-Ever' Bombshell Leak Exposes Financial Secrets of the Super-Rich
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#96 When the New York Times Colludes With the Billionaire Class
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#27 The top 1 percent are evading $163 billion a year in taxes, the Treasury finds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#22 The top 1 percent are evading $163 billion a year in taxes, the Treasury finds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#13 Companies Lobbying Against Infrastructure Tax Increases Have Avoided Paying Billions in Taxes

tax evasion, tax fraud, tax avoidance, tax havens, tax loopholes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#tax.evasion

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Naked Capitalism: Your No-Bullshit, Prescient Answer to Journalism of Attachment

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Naked Capitalism: Your No-Bullshit, Prescient Answer to Journalism of Attachment
Date: 10 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Naked Capitalism: Your No-Bullshit, Prescient Answer to Journalism of Attachment https://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2021/11/215894.html
It was, I suppose, sometime early in 2007 when I began to wonder if I was the only sane person in the world. Does that sound a bit extreme?

Well, consider the situation at the time. The world economy was falling to bits before the eyes of anyone who had them open. The dominant belief was that you could build an entire economic system out of taking debts that people couldn't pay, slicing them into bits and selling them to others, who would then sell them to others, and so on in an endless progression. That had always seemed a trifle surreal to me. It now looked more like a clown death-march heading blindly towards the edge of a cliff.

... snip ...

... Jan1999 I was asked to help and try to prevent the coming economic mess (we failed). I was explained that some investment bankers had walked away "clean" from the S&L crisis, were then running Internet IPO mills (invest a few million, hype, IPO for a couple billion, needed to fail to leave the field clear for the next round of of IPOs), and were predicted to next get into securitized mortgages & loans. I was to improve the integrity of the securitized mortgage supporting documents as countermeasure. Then they found they could pay rating agencies for TRIPLE-A rating (when the rating agencies knew they weren't worth triple-a, from Oct2008 congressional hearing testimony), which enabled them to do no-document, liar loans/mortgages, securitize, pay for triple-A and immediately sell into the bond market (doing over $27T 2001-2008).

Along the way they found that they could design securitized mortgages to fail, pay for triple-A, sell into the bond market, and take out CDS gambling bets. NOTE, AIG was the largest holder of the CDS gambling bets and was negotiating to pay off at 50cents on the dollar when the SECTRES steps in, forces them to take TARP funds to pay off at face value (and sign a document that they can't sue those making the bets). The largest recipient of TARP funds was AIG and the largest recipient of face-value payoffs was the firm formally headed by the SECTRES.

Note that supposedly TARP funds had been appropriated to buy off-book, toxic assets from Too Big To Fail, however only $700B had been appropriated and just the four largest TBTF were still holding over $5T YE2008 (so TARP would have hardly made a dent in the problem). TARP was used for other purposes and the real "bail out" was done by the "Federal Reserve" (buying trillions in off-book toxic assets at 98cents on the dollar and providing tens of trillions in ZIRP funds). Trivia: Early fall 2008, a few tens of billions in off-book toxic assets had gone for 22cents on the dollar (so if offbook toxic assets had been "mark-to-market", the TBTF would have been declared insolvent and liquidated).

Federal Reserve fought long, hard legal battle to prevent disclosing what they were doing. When they lost, the FED chairman held a press conference and said that they had expected TBTF to use ZIRP funds to help main street, but when they didn't there was nothing they could do (but it didn't stop the ZIRP funds). Note the chairman was partially selected because he was a student of the depression ... when the FED had tried something similar with the same result (so FED should not have had any expectation that something different should happen this time).

economic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess
too big to fail (too big to prosecute, too big to jail) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
toxic CDO posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo
ZIRP fund posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#zirp
Federal Reserve and fedres chairman posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fed.chairman

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

General Electric Breaks Up

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: General Electric Breaks Up
Date: 10 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
General Electric Breaks Up, Symbolizing Decline of American Manufacturing and the High Price of Financialization
https://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2021/11/general-electric-breaks-up-symbolizing-decline-of-american-manufacturing-and-the-high-price-of-financialization.html
As we'll explain, contrary to fawning media accounts, much of what went wrong with General Electric started on Jack Welch's watch. But his success in becoming a celebrity CEO helped goose the stock price, making it risky for any sharp-eyed analyst or commentator to even mildly question what Neutron Jack was up to.
... snip ...

General Electric (GE) Will Split Into Three Units, Ending Conglomerate for Good
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-11-09/ge-will-split-into-three-units-ending-conglomerate-for-good
General Electric Plans to Break Itself Into Three Companies
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/09/business/general-electric-break-up.html
Once Dominant General Electric to Split Into Three Public Companies: 'It's Over Now'
https://www.newsweek.com/once-dominant-general-electric-split-three-public-companies-its-over-now-1647625
U.S. Taxpayers Bankrolled General Electric. Then It Moved Its Workforce Overseas
https://time.com/6114004/general-electric-workforce-public-subsidies/

... and IBM becomes a financial engineering company, Stockman in "The Great Deformation: The Corruption of Capitalism in America
https://www.amazon.com/Great-Deformation-Corruption-Capitalism-America-ebook/dp/B00B3M3UK6/
pg464/loc9995-10000:
IBM was not the born-again growth machine trumpeted by the mob of Wall Street momo traders. It was actually a stock buyback contraption on steroids. During the five years ending in fiscal 2011, the company spent a staggering $67 billion repurchasing its own shares, a figure that was equal to 100 percent of its net income.

pg465/loc10014-17:
Total shareholder distributions, including dividends, amounted to $82 billion, or 122 percent, of net income over this five-year period. Likewise, during the last five years IBM spent less on capital investment than its depreciation and amortization charges, and also shrank its constant dollar spending for research and development by nearly 2 percent annually.
... snip ...

(2013) New IBM Buyback Plan Is For Over 10 Percent Of Its Stock
http://247wallst.com/technology-3/2013/10/29/new-ibm-buyback-plan-is-for-over-10-percent-of-its-stock/

(2014) IBM Asian Revenues Crash, Adjusted Earnings Beat On Tax Rate Fudge; Debt Rises 20% To Fund Stock Buybacks
https://web.archive.org/web/20140623003038/http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2014-01-21/ibm-asian-revenues-crash-adjusted-earnings-beat-tax-rate-fudge-debt-rises-20-fund-st
The company has represented that its dividends and share repurchases have come to a total of over $159 billion since 2000.
... snip ...

(2016) After Forking Out $110 Billion on Stock Buybacks, IBM Shifts Its Spending Focus
https://www.fool.com/investing/general/2016/04/25/after-forking-out-110-billion-on-stock-buybacks-ib.aspx
(2018) ... still doing buybacks ... but will (now?, finally?, a little?) shift focus needing it for redhat purchase.
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-30/ibm-to-buy-back-up-to-4-billion-of-its-own-shares
(2019) IBM Tumbles After Reporting Worst Revenue In 17 Years As Cloud Hits Air Pocket
https://web.archive.org/web/20190417002701/https://www.zerohedge.com/news/2019-04-16/ibm-tumbles-after-reporting-worst-revenue-17-years-cloud-hits-air-pocket

stock-buybacks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#stock.buyback
capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Naked Capitalism: Your No-Bullshit, Prescient Answer to Journalism of Attachment

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Naked Capitalism: Your No-Bullshit, Prescient Answer to Journalism of Attachment
Date: 10 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#10 Naked Capitalism: Your No-Bullshit, Prescient Answer to Journalism of Attachment

Jan2009, a decade after being asked to help try to prevent the coming economic mess (we failed), I was asked to WEB'ize the Pecora Hearings (30s senate hearings into '29 crash resulting in prison sentences, had been scanned the fall before at Boston Public Library) with lots of internal HREFs and URLs between what happened this time and what happened then (comments that the new congress might have appetite to do something). I work on it for awhile and then get call saying it won't be needed after all (comments about enormous mountains of wallstreet cash totally burying capital hill ... possibly only 2or3 honest members of congress).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pecora_Commission

Pecora Hearings and/or Glass-Steagall posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#Pecora&/orGlass-Steagall
economic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

West from Appomattox: The Reconstruction of America after the Civil War

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: West from Appomattox: The Reconstruction of America after the Civil War
Date: 10 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#53 West from Appomattox: The Reconstruction of America after the Civil War

loc4061-62:
Going into the campaign of 1884, both parties recognized the need to claim that they represented the American mainstream.

loc4078-81:
The Democratic platform identified Republican government as the tool of special interests. America had become a place where "Government, instead of being carried on for the general welfare, becomes an instrumentality for imposing heavy burdens on the many who are governed, for the benefit of the few who govern. Public servants thus become arbitrary rulers." The Republicans had become a party for enriching those who ran the country. Using the surplus to illustrate Republican corruption,
... also, loc2494-95:
A smallpox outbreak claimed many lives in 1872, but widespread systematized vaccination prevented the epidemic from spreading as it might have.
... snip ...

other post referencing "West from Appomattox"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#6 The COVID Supply Chain Breakdown Can Be Traced to Capitalist Globalization

capitalist posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Copiers

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Copiers
Date: 11 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
IBM Copiers
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Copiers

trivia ... San Jose Research did the work to make 6670 all points addressable so could do things like images (6670apa or sherpa) ... later also added postscript engine. archived email from long ago and far away
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006p.html#email820304

IBM Series3 had serious paper jam issues, there was IBM TV ad that was suggested for Harvard Business Case Study for what not to do, it featured how much easier it was to clear IBM copier paper jams than competitors ... it backfired becase people didn't like being reminded how much they hated paper jams.

posts mentioning 6670s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#37 HA/CMP Marketing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#15 Old word processors
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#66 Is the IBM Official Alumni Group becoming a ghost town? Why?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#60 The Tragedy of Rapid Evolution?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#34 Special characters for Passwords
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#95 IBM PCjr STRIPPED BARE: We tear down the machine Big Blue would rather you forgot
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#57 Displaywriter, Unix manuals added to Bitsavers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#95 Burroughs B5000, B5500, B6500 videos
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#77 Just for a laugh... How to spot an old IBMer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#21 program coding pads
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#19 program coding pads
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#10 History of APL -- Software Preservation Group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#82 If IBM Hadn't Bet the Company
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#1 Is email dead? What do you think?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#49 GML
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#59 IBM 029 service manual
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#43 Boyd's Briefings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#74 Apple iPad -- this merges with folklore
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#69 Blinkenlights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#68 Blinkenlights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008d.html#51 It has been a long time since Ihave seen a printer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#72 Parse/Template Function
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#27 The Complete April Fools' Day RFCs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006q.html#1 Materiel and graft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006p.html#49 Materiel and graft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006p.html#44 Materiel and graft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005f.html#48 1403 printers

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Disk Failures

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Disk Failures
Date: 11 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Note for couple decades, large cloud megadatacenters said that they were assembling their own server systems for 1/3rd the price of brand name systems. Then a few years ago the server chip markers said that they were shipping more than half their product directly to these megadatacenters ... which likely contributed to IBM's decision to sell off its sever business

other side-effect, is that the system cost has dropped so dramatically that power & cooling has become increasing cost of their megadatacenters ... so it pays for them to constantly replace their systems as more power/cooling efficient implementations are available.

a typical cloud megadatacenter will have over half million systems and millions of processors ... even best green efficiency still uses some electricity. It even pays for them to build them in cool, low humidity locations to improve cooling efficiency. As things get smaller (and more efficient), they are just cramming increasing number of processors in each system.

Google was early at forefront ... they would do reliability studies and total cost of ownership of components from lots of different vendors and then publish public reports (like MTBF statistics across hundreds of thousands of disks). Mentions Google's 2007 study of hard disk failures
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk_drive_failure
metrics of failures
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk_drive_failure#Metrics_of_failures
eample drive families with high failure rates:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk_drive_failure#Example_drive_families_with_high_failure_rates
1. IBM 3380 DASD, 1984 ca.[29] 2. Computer Memories Inc. 20MB HDD for PC/AT, 1985 ca.[30] 3. Fujitsu MPG3 and MPF3 series, 2002 ca.[31] 4. IBM Deskstar 75GXP, 2001 ca.[32] 5. Seagate ST3000DM001, 2012 ca.[33]a

Facebook then got into it starting open compute project
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Compute_Project

... oh and 2016 GOOGLE study
https://www.zdnet.com/article/ssd-reliability-in-the-real-world-googles-experience/
The FAST 2016 paper Flash Reliability in Production: The Expected and the Unexpected, (the paper is not available online until Friday) by Professor Bianca Schroeder of the University of Toronto, and Raghav Lagisetty and Arif Merchant of Google, covers:

Millions of drive days over 6 years 10 different drive models 3 different flash types: MLC, eMLC and SLC Enterprise and consumer drives


Note after Jim Gray left IBM for Tandem ... he did study of failures .... find that hardware reliability had significantly improved and outages/availability had sifted from hardware to mostly people, software, and environment (floods, earthquakes, etc). copy of 1984 overview
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/grayft84.pdf
also
https://web.archive.org/web/20080724051051/http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~yelick/294-f00/papers/Gray85.txt

The last product we did at IBM was HA/6000 (originally for NYT to move their newspaper system off DEC VAXcluster) ... which I renamed HA/CMP (High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing) when we started doing technical/scientific cluster scale-up with national labs and commercial cluster scale-up with RDBMS vendors ... we spent some amount of time studying how things failed. Then I was asked to write a section for the corporate continuous availability strategy document ... but it got pulled when both Rochester (AS/400) and POK (mainframe) complained (they couldn't meet obectives). Then cluster scalup was transferred, announced as IBM supercomputer (for technical/scientific only) and we were told we couldn't work with anything that had more than four processors (we leave IBM a few months later).

ha/cmp posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
availability posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#availability
megadatacenter posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#megadatacenter

few past posts mentioning large cloud megadatacenter studies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#19 Linux Foundation Launches Open Mainframe Project
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#34 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#10 Disc Drives
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#40 Disc Drives
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007h.html#13 Question on DASD Hardware

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Who Knew ?

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Who Knew ?
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 11 Nov 2021 17:02:13 -1000
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#2 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#112 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#107 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#104 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#103 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#102 Who Knew ?

How Did America's Sherman Tank Win against Superior German Tanks in World War II? Two tank philosophies, totally at odds with each other. What were they?
https://nationalinterest.org/blog/reboot/how-did-americas-sherman-tank-win-against-superior-german-tanks-world-war-ii-185625

From Guderian's Panzer Leader
https://www.amazon.com/Panzer-Leader-Heinz-Guderian-ebook/dp/B07KTBSD1L/
loc2902-3:
Hitler then said: 'If I had known that the figures for Russian tank strength which you gave in your book were in fact the true ones, I would not--I believe--ever have started this war.'

loc2903-6:
He was referring to my book Achtung! Panzer!, published in 1937, in which I had estimated Russian tank strength at that time as 10,000; both the Chief of the Army General Staff, Beck, and the censor had disagreed with this statement. It had cost me a lot of trouble to get that figure printed; but I had been able to show that intelligence reports at the time spoke of 17,000 Russian tanks and that my estimate was therefore, if anything, a very conservative one.

loc2262-64:
At this time our yearly tank production scarcely amounted to more than 1,000 of all types. In view of our enemies' production figures this was very small. As far back as 1933 I had visited a single Russian tank factory which was producing 22 tanks per day of the Christie-Russki type.
... snip ...

Tanks in the German Army
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanks_in_the_German_Army
First encountered on 23 June 1941,[24] the T-34 outclassed the existing Panzer III and IV.[25] At the insistence of General Heinz Guderian, a special Panzerkommision was dispatched to the Eastern Front to assess the T-34.[26] Among the features of the Soviet tank considered most significant were the sloping armor, which gave much improved shot deflection and also increased the effective armor thickness against penetration, the wide track, which improved mobility over soft ground, and the 76.2 mm gun, which had good armor penetration and fired an effective high-explosive round.
... snip ...

The british referred to Shermans as Tommy Cookers because crews were being sent out to be slaughtered; Boyd's briefings had German's with 10:1 kill ratio (10 Shermans killed for every German tank, even inferior to the Russians), US was planning on winning with battle of attrition; Germans would run out of tanks and crew before the US (even at 10:1) ... although US folklore running out of crews and having to recruit kitchen staff and cooks.
http://warfarehistorynetwork.com/daily/m4-sherman-vs-german-panther/ The
Sherman was at a disadvantage. Although it mounted 75mm cannon, it was of a low-velocity type. The Sherman's designers felt that a low-velocity gun would last longer than a high-velocity one. They failed to realize that few Shermans would ever last long enough in combat to wear out their barrels. Later versions would have an upgraded high-velocity gun, but they would not reach front-line units until late November 1944, five months after the Normandy invasion. The armor, at 81mm, was considerably thinner than the Panther's and unable to withstand its armor-piercing ammunition.
... snip ...

Boyd posts & URL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

misc. past poss mentioning sherman tank
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#60 How Did America's Sherman Tank Win against Superior German Tanks in World War II?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#56 1963 Timesharing: A Solution to Computer Bottlenecks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#54 1963 Timesharing: A Solution to Computer Bottlenecks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010.html#29 360 programs on a z/10
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010.html#28 360 programs on a z/10
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#17 realtors (and GM, too!)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008j.html#21 To: Graymouse -- Ireland and the EU, What in the H... is all this about?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006q.html#28 was change headers: The Fate of VM - was: Re: Baby MVS???

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Data Breach

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Data Breach
Date: 12 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
IBM was doing a deployment with chipcard in UK (gone 404 lives on at wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20061106193736/http://www-03.ibm.com/industries/financialservices/doc/content/solution/1026217103.html

then turn of the century there was going to be a very large pilot on the east coast of the chipcard. I tried to explain to them about its vulnerabilities (similar to accepting every typed password as valid, I had shown nearly three decades earlier) ...but they were so myopically focused they didn't understand. I didn't make "cartes 2002", uk trip report (gone 404 but lives on at wayback machine) at the bottom about "YES CARD" vulnerabilities
https://web.archive.org/web/20030417083810/http://www.smartcard.co.uk/resources/articles/cartes2002.html

all evidence of the large east coast pilot appears to disappear without a trace and prediction that it would be many years before tried again in the US. At the 2003 ATM Integrity Task Force, a federal LEO goes into some detail ... and there was comment from the audience that they managed to spend billions of dollars to prove that chips are less secure than magstripe.

"yes card" posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#yescard

disclaimer: about the same time I did a chip that had none of their vulnerabilities with the objective it would also be less than 1/10th the cost. TD to the DDI for Information Assurance Directorate at the agency is doing an assurance session in trusted computing track at IDF and asks me to do a talk on the chip ... gone 404 but lives on at wayback machine
https://web.archive.org/web/20011109072807/http://www.intel94.com/idf/spr2001/sessiondescription.asp?id=stp%2bs13

I got included in the Financial Industry critical infrastructure protection meetings in the white house annex.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_infrastructure_protection

Hot topic was ISACs (industry vulnerability sharing) ... and the Financial Industry was insisting that its ISAC couldn't be subject to gov FOI ... so had to be done by outside organization. Not so much to restrict info from the crooks ... which already had the information ... but didn't want the public to find out how

At that time, we were also brought in to help word smith some cal. legislation ... they were doing electronic signature, data breach notification (first in the nation) and personal information sharing. There were several participants that were heavily involved in privacy issues and extensive surveys had found the #1 issue was identity theft, specifically fraudulent financial transactions as the result of data breaches. There was little or nothing being done about the breaches ... the issue was that normally countermeasures are taken in self-protection, but here, the industry wasn't at risk, it was the public. It was hoped that publicity from the breach notifications might prompt corrective action (also contributing to not wanting ISACs to be subject to FOI). Since then there has been several federal breach notification bills introduced about evenly divided to those similar to cal. legislation and those with breach requirements that would effectively never occur (eliminating any notification).

electronic signature posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#signature
data breach notification posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification

I had also been brought into the X9A10 financial industry committee that had been given the requirement to preserve the integrity of the financial industry for *ALL* retail payments (face-to-face, card present, card not present, internet, etc, i.e. *ALL*) and was principle co-author of the X9.59 transaction standard (we did a lot of in-depth end-to-end studies of how fraud happens). Also was one of the two co-authors for the X9.99 financial industry privacy standard ... based in large part from the work that went into the cal. data breach and privacy sharing legislation.

x9.59 & aads chip references
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html
x959 & privacy posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#x959

after the turn of century, x9.59 (& other "safe" products) were pitched to the major internet merchants (accounting for around 80% of total payment transaction). Now merchants had been indoctrinated for decades that fraud related surcharges were added to transaction fees with card-not-present having upwards of 90% of the fee ... and merchants were anticipating that "safe" payment products would cut their fees by 90%. Then cognitive dissonance sets in, financial industry say that instead of cutting the fees by 90%, there would be a hefty "safe" surcharge added to the fraud surcharge they were already paying ... and the whole things falls apart. One report from the time said US financial institutions were getting 40%-60% of their bottom line from these charges (posts from period go into detail how financial institutions make profit off of fraud).

trivia: NACHA had done X9.59/AADS "safe" debit pilot in the period ... reference gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine ... but "safe" products collapse when merchants find that instead of cutting internet payment transactions fees by 90%, financial institutions wanted to justify significant increase in internet payment transactions fees (click on published report for 23jul2001 news item):
https://web.archive.org/web/20070706004855/http://internetcouncil.nacha.org/News/news.html
also mentioned above giving talk at spring 2001 Intel Developer's Forum

FS-ISAC posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#87 Bizarre Career Events
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#4 Microsoft president asks Congress to force private-sector orgs to publicly admit when they've been hacked
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#10 mainframe hacking "success stories"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#94 Private sector needs a little sumthin' sumthin' to get it sharing threat intel - US security chap
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#32 Tech: we didn't mean for it to turn out like this
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#85 Time to sack the chief of computing in the NHS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#102 Electronic Payments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#96 ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#8 Too big to fail was Malicious Cyber Activity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#99 Cyber Threat Sharing is Great in Theory, But Tough in Practice
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#74 N.Y. Bank Regulator Says Third-Party Vendors Provide Backdoor to Hackers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#14 President to Issue Executive Order Encouraging Threat Intelligence Sharing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#15 Banking Culture Encourages Dishonesty
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#10 EBCDIC and the P-Bit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#20 How about the old mainframe error messages that actually give you a clue about what's broken
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#27 Measuring Cyberfraud, the fall rate of sky, and other metrics from the market for Silver Bullets
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#40 The Great Cyberheist
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#18 Electronic Theft Costs Businesses More Than Physical Theft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#76 Mainframe hacking?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#19 Personal use z/OS machines was Re: Multiprise 3k for personal Use?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#45 ATM machines are increasingly attractive to hackers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#27 FBI: National data-breach law would help fight cybercrime
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#11 Banks should share cyber crime information IT PRO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#48 Bankers as Partners In Crime Stopping

"fraud is profit" posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#74 "Safe" Internet Payment Products
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#75 Electronic Signature
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#39 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#101 Electronic Payments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#65 A call for revolution
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#15 DEC and The Americans
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#66 Lineage of TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#11 Credit card fraud solution coming to America...finally
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#7 Credit card fraud solution coming to America...finally
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#54 How do we take political considerations into account in the OODA-Loop?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#97 Australia: Haven for Bank Control Frauds?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#55 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#53 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#47 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#96 'Synthetic' ID Theft Emerging As Fastest-Growing Type Of Consumer Fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#37 Special characters for Passwords
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#6 ACA (Obamacare) website problems--article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#89 Behold The Face Of Central Banker Hubris
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#52 U.S. agents 'got lucky' pursuing accused Russia master hackers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#8 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#63 NBC's website hacked with malware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#62 America Is Basically Helpless Against The Chinese Hackers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#80 history of Programming language and CPU in relation to each other
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#55 U.S. Sues Wells Fargo, Accusing It of Lying About Mortgages
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#26 Chip and pin 'weakness' exposed by Cambridge researchers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#10 Does the IBM System z Mainframe rely on Security by Obscurity or is it Secure by Design
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#85 Naked emperors, holy cows and Libor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#77 'Inexperienced' RBS tech operative's blunder led to banking meltdown
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#71 Password shortcomings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#51 The Truth About the "Robber Barons"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#49 Does outsourcing cause data loss?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#22 An online bank scam worthy of a spy novel
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#14 How is SSL hopelessly broken? Let us count the ways
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#40 The Great Cyberheist
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#36 Cookies Are Dead in the Fight Against Fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#79 Five Theses on Security Protocols
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#2 Korean bank Moves back to Mainframes (...no, not back)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009m.html#3 Does this count as 'computer' folklore?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009j.html#50 How can we stop Credit card FRAUD?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#57 LexisNexis says its data was used by fraudsters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#74 CROOKS and NANNIES: what would Boyd do?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007i.html#59 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#23 Opinion on smartcard security requested
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm27.htm#43 a fraud is a sale, Re: The bank fraud blame game
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm27.htm#40 a fraud is a sale, Re: The bank fraud blame game
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm27.htm#39 a fraud is a sale, Re: The bank fraud blame game
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm8.htm#rhose17 [Fwd: Re: when a fraud is a sale, Re: Rubber hose attack]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm8.htm#rhose16 when a fraud is a sale, Re: Rubber hose attack
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm7.htm#rhose15 when a fraud is a sale, Re: Rubber hose attack
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm7.htm#rhose14 when a fraud is a sale, Re: Rubber hose attack
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm7.htm#rhose13 when a fraud is a sale, Re: Rubber hose attack
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm7.htm#rhose12 when a fraud is a sale, Re: Rubber hose attack
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm7.htm#rhose11 when a fraud is a sale, Re: Rubber hose attack
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm7.htm#rhose10 when a fraud is a sale, Re: Rubber hose attack
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm7.htm#rhose9 when a fraud is a sale, Re: Rubber hose attack
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm7.htm#rhose8 when a fraud is a sale, Re: Rubber hose attack
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm7.htm#rhose7 when a fraud is a sale, Re: Rubber hose attack
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm7.htm#rhose5 when a fraud is a sale, Re: Rubber hose attack

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM's social media policy

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM's social media policy
Date: 14 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
IBM's social media policy
https://insidesocialmedia.com/social-media-policies/ibms-social-media-policy/

Late 70s & early 80s, I was blamed for online computer conferencing (precursor to modern social media) on the interenal network (larger than arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until sometime mid/late 80s) ... folklore is that when corporate executive committee was told about it, 5of6 wanted to fire me.

computer mediated communication posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet

... actually spent my IBM time being told that I had no career, no promotions, no raises for pointing out what was wrong ... then on leaving in the executive exit interview was told they could have forgiven me for being wrong, but they were never going to forgive me for being right. Then after leaving ... as part of reorg into the "13 baby blues" in preparation for breaking up the company
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
...may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html

I get called and asked to help with the breakup. So maybe I'm prone to saying "I told you so".

IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall

some posts about being frequently told that I had no career, no promitions, no raises
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#38 IBM Registered Confidential
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#12 Home Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#61 IBM Starting Salary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#40 Teaching IBM class
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#15 IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#44 Watch AI-controlled virtual fighters take on an Air Force pilot on August 18th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#68 IBM Suits
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#0 EasyLink email ad
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#75 IBM refused to lay off workers for decades, and then America had to rethink its entire corporate strategy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#40 Remember 3277?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#34 Tech Time Warp of the Week: The World's First Hard Drive, 1956
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#42 The IBM "Open Door" policy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#28 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#26 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011c.html#87 A History of VM Performance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007p.html#35 Newsweek article--baby boomers and computers

other posts being periodically reminded that in IBM, "business ethics" is an oxymoron
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#39 IBM Registered Confidential
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#82 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#61 IBM Starting Salary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#42 IBM Token-Ring
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#15 IBM Internal Network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#42 IBM Suggestion Program
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#41 Teaching IBM Class
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#12 IBM "811", 370/xa architecture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#83 Kinder/Gentler IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#82 Kinder/Gentler IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#96 IBM Career
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#9 Terminology - Datasets
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#49 IBM Career
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#42 The IBM "Open Door" policy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#59 Productivity And Bubbles
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#44 16:32 far pointers in OpenWatcom C/C++
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#0 16:32 far pointers in OpenWatcom C/C++
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#38 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009r.html#50 "Portable" data centers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#36 U.S. students behind in math, science, analysis says
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#37 How do you see ethics playing a role in your organizations current or past?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#53 CROOKS and NANNIES: what would Boyd do?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#72 IBM Unionization

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

European Tax Havens, The EU's Decades of Tax Trick Tolerance

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: European Tax Havens, The EU's Decades of Tax Trick Tolerance
Date: 14 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
European Tax Havens, The EU's Decades of Tax Trick Tolerance. Many EU member states use low tax rates to attract large corporations, depriving countries like Germany of billions in revenues. A trove of hundreds of classified documents now reveals for the first time how Europe is failing in the fight against harmful tax competition.
https://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/the-eu-s-decades-of-tax-trick-tolerance-a-dcfe7b16-04c8-430a-aa9e-53850405ce78

tax evasion, tax avoidance, tax havens, tax fraud posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#tax.evasion

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Koch Funding for Campuses Comes With Dangerous Strings Attached

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Koch Funding for Campuses Comes With Dangerous Strings Attached
Date: 15 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Koch Funding for Campuses Comes With Dangerous Strings Attached
https://truthout.org/articles/koch-funding-for-campuses-comes-with-dangerous-strings-attached/
According to the new book, Free Speech and Koch Money: Manufacturing a Campus Culture War, 50 years ago, attorney Lewis Powell -- later a Nixon appointee to the U.S. Supreme Court -- developed a strategy to increase the number of pro-business speakers on college campuses. As Powell evaluated the post-1960s college milieu, he determined that if conservatives insisted on the right to promote free market ideas to students, academic institutions would capitulate, fearing that if they resisted, they would be tarred as intolerant of diverse points of view.

It was a brilliant realization and one that conservative libertarians have since built on. Free Speech and Koch Money tracks that little-known development, zeroing in on the many ways that right-wing influence has been exerted throughout academia.

... snip ...

Free Speech and Koch Money: Manufacturing a Campus Culture War
https://www.amazon.com/Free-Speech-Koch-Money-Manufacturing/dp/0745343015/
In recent years hundreds of high-profile 'free speech' incidents have rocked US college campuses. Jordan Peterson, Ben Shapiro, Ann Coulter and other right-wing speakers have faced considerable protest, with many being disinvited from speaking. These incidents are widely circulated as examples of the academy's intolerance towards conservative views.
... snip ...

capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism

posts mentioning Koch Empire, Brothers, Industry, Funding, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#43 Koch Empire
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#98 The Koch Empire Goes All Out to Sink Joe Biden's Agenda -- and His Presidency, Too
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#40 Why do people hate universal health care? It turns out -- they don't
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#77 Meet the "New Koch Brothers"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#51 In Biden's recovery plan, an overdue rebuke of trickle-down economics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#27 We must stop calling Trump's enablers 'conservative.' They are the radical right
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#20 Trickle Down Economics Started it All
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#14 Book on monopoly (IBM)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#5 Book: Kochland : the secret history of Koch Industries and corporate power in America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#4 Bots Are Destroying Political Discourse As We Know It
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#3 Meet the Economist Behind the One Percent's Stealth Takeover of America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#116 David Koch Was the Ultimate Climate Change Denier
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#103 David Koch Was the Ultimate Climate Change Denier
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#97 David Koch Was the Ultimate Climate Change Denier
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#47 Day of Reckoning for KPMG-Failures in Ethics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#102 Can we learn from financial lessons of 90 years ago?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#64 Mystery of the Underpaid American Worker
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#77 Nassim Nicholas Taleb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#11 Hell is ... ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#91 Economists and the Powerful: Convenient Theories, Distorted Facts, Ample Rewards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#83 Economists and the Powerful: Convenient Theories, Distorted Facts, Ample Rewards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#82 The Real Reason the Investor Class Hates Pensions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#45 More Guns Do Not Stop More Crimes, Evidence Shows
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#84 The Warning
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#47 Retirement Heist: How Firms Plunder Workers' Nest Eggs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#6 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#17 Trump to sign cyber security order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#5 Trump to sign cyber security order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#107 Qbasic - lies about Medicare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#31 I Feel Old
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#4 Western Union envisioned internet functionality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#72 Public misperception about scientific agreement on global warming undermines climate policy support

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Obama's Failure to Adequately Respond to the 2008 Crisis Still Haunts American Politics

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Obama's Failure to Adequately Respond to the 2008 Crisis Still Haunts American Politics
Date: 15 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Obama's Failure to Adequately Respond to the 2008 Crisis Still Haunts American Politics
https://jacobinmag.com/2021/10/meltdown-gibney-sirota-podcast-obama-2008-financial-crisis
Meltdown, a new podcast from David Sirota and Alex Gibney, makes a compelling case that the failures of 2008 and 2009 -- when Barack Obama had a chance to enact the visions of reform that swept him into office -- are key to understanding American politics today.
... snip ...

trivia: Jan1999, I was asked to help try to stop the coming economic mess (we failed). I was told some investment bankers had "walked away clean" from the "S&L crisis", were then running Internet IPO mills (invest a few mil, hype, IPO for billions, they needed to then fail to leave the field clear for the next round of IPOs), and were predicted to get into securitized loans/mortgages next. I was to improve the integrity of securitized mortgage supporting documents as countermeasure. Then they found they could pay rating agencies for triple-A (when the rating agencies knew they weren't worth triple-A, from Oct2008 congressional hearing testimony) and immediately sell off into the bond market. This enabled being able to do no-documentation, liar loans/mortgages (since everything was rated triple-A) ... with no documents, there was no longer any integrity of documents.

A decade later, Jan2009, I'm asked to HTML'ize the Pecora Hearings (30s congressional hearings into '29 crash, had been scand fall2008 at Boston Public Library), with lots of internal HREFs and URLs between what happened this time and what happened then (comments that the new congress might have an appetite to do something). I work on it for awhile and then get a call that it wouldn't be needed after all (comments that capital hill was buried under enormous mountains of wallstreet cash, possibly only 2or3 honest members of congress).

economic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess
pecora &/or glass-steagal posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#Pecora&/orGlass-Steagall

Bill Black: The Best Way to Rob a Bank Is to Own One (Part 1/9)
https://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2021/05/bill-black-the-best-way-to-rob-a-bank-is-to-own-one-part-1-9.html
Bill Black is back! The website New Economic Perspectives, where Bill and many MMT luminaries held forth, has gone quiet. But Bill was also a regular at Paul Jay's The Real News Network, and Black has come for a long-form discussion at Jay's new initiative, TheAnalysis.news. Bill uses the title of his book to review and update financial fraud, American style, which means driven primarily by bank executives. He starts with a review of the S&L crisis, where he not only had a ringside seat but also successfully pursued some of the perps. This is one of the reason Bill has little sympathy for the failure to prosecute bankers: he's shown it can be done.
... snip ...

"Confidence Men"
https://www.amazon.com/Confidence-Men-Washington-Education-ebook/dp/B0089LOKKS/
pg430:
But they were fighting on too many fronts. Carl Levin of Michigan and Jeff Merkley of Oregon had discovered that Dodd had discreetly gutted the Volcker Rule, and the two set to work trying to counteract Dodd's efforts. The Merkley-Levin Amendment articulated Volcker's idea fully -- and wrote it as law. No regulatory backsliding, once everything settled down.
... snip ...

also has several references that essentially wallstreet was using the EHM (economic hit men) debt strategy against the American public. Other references were about new president having to choose between the economic A-team (Volcker et al) and the B-team. The A-team was instrumental in getting him elected, but the A-team would have held wallstreet and the too-big-to-fail accountable, which would have likely taken down most of those institutions (so new president chooses the b-team that wasn't going to hold anybody responsible).

EHM
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confessions_of_an_Economic_Hit_Man

VP and former CIA director repeatedly claims no knowledge of
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Contra_affair
because he was fulltime administration point person deregulating financial industry ... creating S&L crisis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savings_and_loan_crisis
along with other members of his family
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savings_and_loan_crisis#Silverado_Savings_and_Loan
and another
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE0D81E3BF937A25753C1A966958260

This century another family member is president and presides over the forever wars, the huge cut in taxes (1st time taxes were cut to not pay for wars), huge increase in spending, explosion in debt, the economic mess (70 times larger than his father's S&L crisis).

too big to fail (too big to prosecute, too big to jail) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
S&L crisis posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#s&l.crisis
fiscal responsibility act posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fiscal.responsibility.act
perpetual war posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

MS/DOS for IBM/PC

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: MS/DOS for IBM/PC
Date: 16 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
trivia: CP67/CMS was precursor to personal computing; before ms/dos
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOS
there was Seattle computer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seattle_Computer_Products
before Seattle computer, there was cp/m
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/M
before developing cp/m, kildall worked on
https://web.archive.org/web/20071011100440/http://www.khet.net/gmc/docs/museum/en_cpmName.html
(ibm science center virtual machines) cp/67-cms
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/CMS
at npg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_Postgraduate_School

Former IBM CEO John Opel Dies
https://www.pcworld.com/article/243311/former_ibm_ceo_john_opel_dies.html
According to the New York Times, it was Opel who met with Bill Gates, CEO of the then-small software firm Microsoft, to discuss the possibility of using Microsoft PC-DOS OS for IBM's about-to-be-released PC. Opel set up the meeting at the request of Gates' mother, Mary Maxwell Gates. The two had both served on the National United Way's executive committee.
... snip ...

past posts mentioning opel & gates
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#27 What's Fortran?!?!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#136 Half an operating system: The triumph and tragedy of OS/2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#71 Decline of IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#102 Netscape: The Fire That Filled Silicon Valley's First Bubble
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#18 Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday

trivia: after leaving IBM, was doing lot of work in financial area ... was on the X9A10 standards committee that had been given the requirement to preserve the integrity of the financial industry for *ALL* retail payments ... resulting in X9.59 standard ... also did a secure chip for X9.59 transactions. Had a booth in 1999 BAI (world retail banking show) and press release ... archived posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#224
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#217

One of the players & part of the announcement was security company in the Seattle area and we would meet with their CEO a couple times a month (at the time, the company was also doing a port of Kerberos under contract w/ m'soft that would become active directory). The CEO had previously been head of IBM POK and then IBM Boca (during the PS2 & OS2 years).

x9.59 & aads info
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html
x9.59 & privacy posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#x959

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

MS/DOS for IBM/PC

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: MS/DOS for IBM/PC
Date: 16 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#22 MS/DOS for IBM/PC

topic drift: this mentioned "CP-370"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/CMS

which is something of misnomer. Cambridge science center had a joint development project with Endicott (leveraging the infant/growing internal network) to add 370 virtual machines (with 370 virtual memory) support to CP67 (running on real 360/67). As part of that effort, the multi-level source update process was created. The floor producting system was CP67-L ("l" level updates, including lots of my enhancements). In a 360/67 virtual machine, would run CP67-H, "H" added updates to CP67-L, that provided 370 virtual machines (ran in virtual machines rather than real hardware, because the CSC production system had professors, staff, and students from cambridge/boston area universities/colleges and needed to keep 370 virtual memory secret). Then running in a 370 virtual machine had CP67-I, "I" added updates that supported 370 virtual memory architecture (rather than 360/67). CP67-I was in regular use a year before the first 370 engineering machine (370/145) was operational supporting virtual memory. Later three people from San Jose came out and added 3330 and 2305 device support to CP67-I ... which becames CP67-SJ ... and was in wide spread use inside IBM long before VM/370 became available.

The morph of CP67->VM370 was significant rewrite dropping lots of features (including multiprocessor support and lots of stuff I had done as undergraduate in the 60s). I eventually start migrating from CP67->VM370. We had created an automated benchmarking process with synthetic workloads that could be configured to match various characteristics. When this was initially operational with VM370 release two, it was guaranteed to crash VM370. The very next thing I had to migrate was the CP67 internal serialization design that eliminated the constant VM370 release two crashes.

One of my hobbies after joining IBM was enhanced production operating systems for internal datacenters (including the world-wide sales&marketing support HONE systems were long time customers). I finally get back to internal distributed CSC/VM with VM370 Release 3 ... some old email refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430

US HONE datacenters had consolidated up in Palo Alto and had eight systems in a "single system image", loosely-coupled implementation, all connected to large disk farm with load balancing and fall-over. Initially for HONE, I then added multiprocessor support to VM370 release 3, so they could add a second processor to each system (16 370 processors)

science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech csc/vm (&/or sjr/vm) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#cscvm
HONE posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
multiprocessor support
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The System: Who Rigged It, How We Fix It

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: The System: Who Rigged It, How We Fix It
Date: 16 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
The System: Who Rigged It, How We Fix It
https://www.amazon.com/System-Who-Rigged-How-Fix-ebook/dp/B07Y7K7LJW/
pg50/loc630-34:
Although JPMorgan has been deep in legal hot water, those problems and consequential fines have had no effect on Dimon's pay. In the bank's 2013 quarterly report, its list of legal imbroglios ran to nine pages of small print: improper energy trading, fraud in collecting credit card debt, misrepresenting the quality of mortgages in securities sold to investors, misleading credit card customers, bribing officials in foreign countries to buy certain securities, illegally foreclosing on mortgages, covering up Bernie Madoff's Ponzi scheme, manipulating the foreign exchange market.
... snip ..

economic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess
Madoff posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#madoff
toxic CDOs posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo

The System, pg51/loc642-44:
The decision made sense in narrow economic terms. More money was made by ignoring the laws and paying the fines than by following the laws and forgoing the business. The same logic applied to Citigroup's $7 billion settlement over similar frauds in 2014, and to Bank of America's record-shattering $16.65 billion settlement.
... snip ...

too big to fail (too big to prosecute, too big to jail) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail

posts reference articles about fines for fraud just considered part of running financial operation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#13 Trump to sign cyber security order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#8 Too big to fail was Malicious Cyber Activity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#88 Finance Is Not the Economy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#86 Wells Fargo "Admits Deceiving" U.S. Government, Pays Record $1.2 Billion Settlement
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#29 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#56 The long, slow death of the rule of law in America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#93 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#41 Poor People Caused The Financial Crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#43 Royal Pardon for credit unions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#2 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#1 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#49 The men who crashed the world

The System, pg52/loc647-49:
But financial markets shrugged off Crédit Suisse's $2.8 billion fine, and the bank's shares rose the day the guilty plea was announced. Its CEO even sounded upbeat, noting that "discussions with clients have been very reassuring." That was probably because the Justice Department hadn't even required the bank to turn over its list of tax-cheating clients.
... snip ...

tax evasion, tax avoidance, tax havens, tax fraud posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#tax.evasion

posts mentioning Credit Suisse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#39 Toys R Us: Another Private Equity Casualty
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#58 Credit Suisse, BNP Paribas at Risk of Criminal Charges Over Taxes, Business With Banned Nations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#33 Credit Suisse's Guilty Plea: The WSJ Uses the Right Adjective to Modify the Wrong Noun
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#1 HFT is harmful, say US market participants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#59 GAO and Wall Street Journal Whitewash Huge Criminal Bank Frauds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#53 FDIC Sues 16 Big Banks That Set Key Rate
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#98 Credit Suisse 'cloak-and-dagger' tactics cost US taxpayers billions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#78 Libor Rate-Probe Spotlight Shines on Higher-Ups
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#71 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#20 Hundreds Of Billions Of Dollars Expected To Be Withdrawn From Swiss Banks Amid Tax Evasion Crackdown
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#30 Bank email archives thrown open in financial crash report
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#9 HSBC is expected to announce a profit, which is good, what did they do differently?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#59 Credit crisis could cost nearly $1 trillion, IMF predicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#19 Distributed Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007p.html#28 Newsweek article--baby boomers and computers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay12.htm#25 Cyber Security In The Financial Services Sector
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay10.htm#49 Finance firms push messaging standards

note, spring 2009, IRS announced that it was going after $400B in taxes on money illegally stashed overseas by 52,000 wealthy americans (over and above the new tax loopholes that allowed trillions to be legally stashed overseas) since the start of the century ... then little or nothing in the news.

then spring 2011 the new speaker of the house has press conference where he says he is cutting the budget for the IRS department responsible for recovering the $400B. Since then there has been periodic news about the banks and financial advisers have been fined a few billion for their part in facilitating illegally stashing trillions overseas (again, over and above the trillions that congressional tax loopholes allowed to be stashed overseas "legally") ... but almost nothing about recovering the $400B in taxes owed on the money illegally stashed overseas.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training
Date: 17 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
... and part of horrific fighting on Omaha beach (from US army war college, free PDF)
https://ssi.armywarcollege.edu/2011/pubs/the-european-campaign-its-origins-and-conduct/
loc2582-85:
The bomber preparation of Omaha Beach was a total failure, and German defenses on Omaha Beach were intact as American troops came ashore. At Utah Beach, the bombers were a little more effective because the IXth Bomber Command was using B-26 medium bombers. Wisely, in preparation for supporting the invasion, maintenance crews removed Norden bombsights from the bombers and installed the more effective low-level altitude sights.
... snip ...

original claim that four engine heavy bombers would win the war w/o even have to invade europe and that all the money needed to go to building bombers and there was no need for long range fighter escorts ... and 2/3rds of total US WW2 spending went to the heavy bomber program. The british tried to tell the americans that the Germans learned the lesson about long range fighter escorts but the americans insisted on relearning the lesson the hard way. Even with Norden bombsights they were almost impossible to hit targets ... precision bombing was myth and they had to switch to carpet bombing. Apparently towards the end, in order to show some results (2/3rds of total US WW2 spending) for the strategic heavy bombing program, they switched to fire bombing German cities (which would impossible to completely miss, note McNamara was Lemay's staff planning fire bombing German and later Japanese cities).

So much money was spent on the program, Roosevelt wanted to know if it was worthwhile
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Strategic_Bombing_Survey

disclaimer (biased): I was introduced to Boyd in the early 80s and would sponsor his briefings at IBM. Boyd invented E/M theory and used it to redo the original F15 design (follow on to swing wing F11), cutting weight nearly in half ... then was responsible for the YF16&YF17 program (that becomes F16 & F18) ... and helped Sprey with A10 ... and was very much a tactical bomber advocate. Gulf War started seeing "precision bombing" that was enormously more accurate than WW2 strategic bombing.

Note in 89/90, the Commandant of the Marine Corps leveraged Boyd for a make-over of the Marine Corps (at a time when IBM was desperately in need of makeover). One of Boyd's briefings was Organic Design for Command and Control ... also getting into how former military officers, steeped in rigid, top-down, command and control were starting to contaminate US corporate culture ... this was akin to the "Tandem Memos" I was blamed for in 1981 ... from the summary of the executive summary sent to corporate executive committee ... somewhat predicting the coming problems that nearly took down the company,
• The perception of many technical people in IBM is that the company is rapidly heading for disaster. Furthermore, people fear that this movement will not be appreciated until it begins more directly to affect revenue, at which point recovery may be impossible
... then decade later, company being organized into the "13 baby blues" in preparation for breaking up the company
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
...may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html

Boyd posts and web URLs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

long winded thread on IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#79 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#80 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#81 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#82 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#83 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#84 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#88 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#89 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#31 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#32 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#45 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#49 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#50 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#113 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#3 IBM Downturn

related:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#56 IBM and Cloud Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#92 How IBM lost the cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#100 Who Says Elephants Can't Dance?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training
Date: 17 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#25 Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training

The first time I sponsored Boyd's briefings, I tried to do it through plant site employee education. At first they agreed, but then as I provided more information (about prevailing in competitive situations) they changed their mind. They said that IBM spends a great deal of money training managers on how to deal with employees and it wouldn't be in IBM's best interest to expose general employees to Boyd. Instead, I should limit the audience to senior members of competitive analysis departments. Briefing was open to all held in bldg28 auditorium

... one example I've used since then:

How Toyota Turns Workers Into Problem Solvers (2001)
http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/how-toyota-turns-workers-into-problem-solvers
To paraphrase one of our contacts, he said, "It's not that we don't want to tell you what TPS is, it's that we can't. We don't have adequate words for it. But, we can show you what TPS is."

We've observed that Toyota, its best suppliers, and other companies that have learned well from Toyota can confidently distribute a tremendous amount of responsibility to the people who actually do the work, from the most senior, experienced member of the organization to the most junior. This is accomplished because of the tremendous emphasis on teaching everyone how to be a skillful problem solver.

... snip ...

I take it as example of Fingerspitzengefühl ... which Boyd used in briefings.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fingerspitzengef%C3%BChl

Boyd posts and URLs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

posts referencing toyota problem solvers:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#26 Whatever Happened to Six Sigma?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#12 Boyd: The Fighter Pilot Who Loathed Lean?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#7 ISO9000, Six Sigma
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#30 Coup D'Oeil: Strategic Intuition in Army Planning
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#20 The Book of Five Rings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#55 Bureaucracy and Agile
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#5 One Giant Step for a Chess-Playing Machine
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#65 Why General Motors Is Cutting Over 14,000 Workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#60 Excess Management Is Costing the U.S. $3 Trillion Per Year
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#50 OT: Trump
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#25 Why You Should Trust Your Gut, According to the University of Cambridge
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#82 Quality Efforts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#44 Mission Command Is Swarm Intelligence
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#8 How to become an 'elastic thinker' and problem solver
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#45 Counterinsurgency Lessons from Malaya and Vietnam: Learning to Eat Soup with a Knife
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#24 The Ultimate Guide to the OODA-Loop
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#32 progress in e-mail, such as AOL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#2 Mission Command: The Who, What, Where, When and Why An Anthology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#8 Trump is taking the wrong approach to China on tech, says ex-Reagan official who helped beat Soviets
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#100 Why CEO pay structures harm companies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#93 The U.S. Military Believes People Have a Sixth Sense
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#59 Deconstructing the "Warrior Caste:" The Beliefs and Backgrounds of Senior Military Elites
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#54 Boyd's OODA-loop

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

MS/DOS for IBM/PC

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: MS/DOS for IBM/PC
Date: 18 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#22 MS/DOS for IBM/PC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#23 MS/DOS for IBM/PC

Austin/Yorktown use ROMP (801/RISC) chips to do displaywriter follow-on, that got killed and decided to retarget to unix workstation market and got the company that did the AT&T Unix port to IBM/PC for PC/IX ... to do one to ROMP ... which becomes AIX for PC/RT.

posts mentioning iliad, romp, rios, power, power/pc, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801

UCB did BSD unix work-a-like ... IBM Palo Alto was working on porting to IBM 370 but then got redirected to port to PC/RT (ROMP 801/RISC chips, precursor to RS/6000 & RIOS).

UCLA did LOCUS unix work-a-like ... IBM Palo Alto was working on porting to IBM 370 ... and then i386 ... which ships as AIX/370 and AIX/386

CMU did MACH unix work-a-like (in org that was largely funded by $50M from IBM), Jobs used it for NeXT and then when he returned to Apple, used it for the underpinnigns of Mac OS.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NeXT
Apple purchased NeXT in 1997 for $429 million and 1.5 million shares of Apple stock. The merger converted Steve Jobs from Chairman and CEO of NeXT to an advisory role at Apple, the company he had co-founded in 1976;[4][5] and it promised to port NeXT's operating system to Macintosh hardware, combine it with the legacy application layer of Mac OS, and yield Mac OS X.[6][7] In following decades, the new operating system was renamed OS X and then later macOS and was adapted into the embedded multimedia platforms of iOS, watchOS, and tvOS to serve as the basis of Apple's later hardware lines: iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, and Apple TV.
... snip ...

MACH
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mach_(kernel)
Mach is a kernel developed at Carnegie Mellon University by Richard Rashid and Avie Tevanian to support operating system research, primarily distributed and parallel computing. Mach is often mentioned as one of the earliest examples of a microkernel. However, not all versions of Mach are microkernels. Mach's derivatives are the basis of the operating system kernel in GNU Hurd and of Apple's XNU kernel used in macOS, iOS, iPadOS, tvOS, and watchOS.
... snip ...

trivia: in the early 80s, my brother was regional Apple marketing rep (largest physical region in CONUS) and when he came into town, i could be invited to Apple dinners and got to argue MAC design with the developers ... even before MAC was announced.

Early RS/6000 was (multi-chip) power ... then came AIM (apple, ibm, motorola) & 64bit addressing including doing single chip for power/pc. Doing HA/CMP product we reported to the executive that went over to head up SOMERSET (aka org doing the 6xx chips).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM_alliance
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PowerPC

Later folklore is that Apple went to Intel ... since IBM/power was focusing on server and not doing power efficient chips for (battery powered) portable devices (laptops, tablets, cellphones). More recently they were talking about moving to even more power-efficient ARM chips ... which they finally did with their own ARM chip design.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_transition_to_Apple_silicon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_transition_to_Apple_silicon#Transition_from_PowerPC_to_Intel
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_M1_Pro_and_M1_Max
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_M1

posts mentioning somerset
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#47 Cloud Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#28 IBM Recruiting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#1 How an obscure British PC maker invented ARM and changed the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#11 To Lynn Wheeler, if still observing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#53 IBM NUMBERS BIPOLAR'S DAYS WITH G5 CMOS MAINFRAMES
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#2 S/38, AS/400
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#69 tablets and desktops was Has Microsoft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#109 JSF/F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#54 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#52 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#20 {wtf} Tymshare SuperBasic Source Code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#82 Honeywell 200
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#85 First Single-Chip Out-of-Order Microprocessor?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#110 IBM System/32, System/34 implementation technology?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#45 z13 "new"(?) characteristics from RedBook
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#142 IBM Continues To Crumble
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#21 IBM to sell Apples
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#37 IBM hopes new chip can turn the tables on Intel
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#68 Salesmen--IBM and Coca Cola
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#95 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamationmade30yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#92 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made30yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#59 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made30yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#70 architectures, was Open source software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#6 OT? IBM licenses POWER architecture to other vendors
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#87 IBM's OpenPower consortium with Nvidia, Google aims to advance datacenter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#81 copyright protection/Doug Englebart
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#29 Delay between idea and implementation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#3 New HD
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#52 New HD
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#9 3270s & other stuff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#66 ISO documentation of IBM 3375, 3380 and 3390 track format
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#40 PC/mainframe browser(s) was Re: 360/20, was 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#4 Unintended consequence of RISC simplicity?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#15 System/360--50 years--the future?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#37 Hard drives: A bit of progress
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#55 Burroughs B5000, B5500, B6500 videos
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#23 IBM cuts more than 1,000 U.S. Workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#60 Memory versus processor speed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#90 Has anyone successfully migrated off mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#75 Has anyone successfully migrated off mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#35 Has anyone successfully migrated off mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#26 Supervisory Processors
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#22 Supervisory Processors
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#15 Selectric Typewriter--50th Anniversary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#35 Happy 100th Birthday, IBM!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#70 Z chip at ISSCC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#29 IBM Watson's Ancestors: A Look at Supercomputers of the Past
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011c.html#38 IBM "Watson" computer and Jeopardy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#39 Friden Flexowriter equipment series
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#2 Significant Bits
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#1 History: Mark-sense cards vs. plain keypunching?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#61 IBM to announce new MF's this year
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#28 someone smarter than Dave Cutler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#23 What is the protocal for GMT offset in SMTP (e-mail) header
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#12 OS/400 and z/OS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#83 Notes on two presentations by Gordon Bell ca. 1998
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#50 Handling multicore CPUs; what the competition is thinking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#49 Nonlinear systems and nonlocal supercomputing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#29 search engine history, was Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#21 Processes' memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#2 PC history, was search engine history, was Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#93 search engine history, was Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#85 search engine history, was Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#77 search engine history, was Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#67 How long for IBM System/360 architecture and its descendants?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010.html#43 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009q.html#79 Now is time for banks to replace core system according to Accenture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#16 WSJ.com - IBM Puts Executive on Leave
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009l.html#40 Old-school programming techniques you probably don't miss
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#32 Why are z/OS people reluctant to use z/OS UNIX?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#62 How did the monitor work under TOPS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#44 another one biting the dust?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#43 another one biting the dust?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#85 old 370 info
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008k.html#79 Larrabee details: Yes, it is based on the Pentium. :-)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008k.html#78 Secure64 Develops First Automated DNSSEC Signing Application to Help Secure the Internet Worldwide
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008k.html#72 Transactional Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008k.html#70 Intel: an expensive many-core future is ahead of us
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#40 3277 terminals and emulators
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#56 performance of hardware dynamic scheduling
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008e.html#67 Any benefit to programming a RISC processor by hand?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008b.html#52 China's Godson-2 processor takes center stage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#1 T3 Sues IBM To Break its Mainframe Monopoly
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#65 Remembering the CDC 6600
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007r.html#57 Translation of IBM Basic Assembler to C?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007r.html#44 complicated address generation unit?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007r.html#28 complicated address generation unit?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007q.html#48 IBM System/3 & 3277-1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007p.html#8 what does xp do when system is copying
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007o.html#35 Is a RISC chip more expensive?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007n.html#19 The Development of the Vital IBM PC in Spite of the Corporate Culture of IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007m.html#61 Is Parallel Programming Just Too Hard?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007i.html#31 Latest Principles of Operation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007h.html#44 sizeof() was: The Perfect Computer - 36 bits?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007h.html#17 MIPS and RISC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007f.html#27 The Perfect Computer - 36 bits?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007f.html#22 The Perfect Computer - 36 bits?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007d.html#43 Is computer history taugh now?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007c.html#55 "The Elements of Programming Style"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#40 Multiple mappings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006u.html#31 To RISC or not to RISC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006u.html#29 To RISC or not to RISC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#7 32 or even 64 registers for x86-64?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006r.html#24 A Day For Surprises (Astounding Itanium Tricks)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006i.html#33 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006f.html#6 64-bit architectures & 32-bit instructions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006c.html#42 IBM 610 workstation computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006c.html#40 IBM 610 workstation computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006c.html#11 Mainframe Jobs Going Away
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006c.html#9 Mainframe Jobs Going Away
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006c.html#7 IBM 610 workstation computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006b.html#8 Free to good home: IBM RT UNIX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005r.html#34 logical block addressing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005r.html#11 Intel strikes back with a parallel x86 design
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005q.html#40 Intel strikes back with a parallel x86 design
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005p.html#14 Multicores
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005o.html#37 What ever happened to Tandem and NonStop OS ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005m.html#13 IBM's mini computers--lack thereof
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005m.html#12 IBM's mini computers--lack thereof
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005e.html#7 Misuse of word "microcode"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005.html#40 clusters vs shared-memory (was: Re: CAS and LL/SC (was Re: High Level Assembler for MVS & VM & VSE))
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004q.html#40 Tru64 and the DECSYSTEM 20
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004q.html#39 CAS and LL/SC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004q.html#38 CAS and LL/SC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004q.html#36 CAS and LL/SC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004k.html#39 August 23, 1957
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004d.html#1 IBM 360 memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004.html#28 Two subjects: 64-bit OS2/eCs, Innotek Products
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003j.html#22 why doesn't processor reordering instructions affect most
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#57 Another light on the map going out
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#45 IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002l.html#37 Computer Architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#81 McKinley Cometh
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#14 "Soul of a New Machine" Computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#12 "Soul of a New Machine" Computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#37 Proper ISA lifespan?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#28 Proper ISA lifespan?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#23 IA64 Rocks My World
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#60 "all-out" vs less aggressive designs (was: Re: 36 to 32 bit transition)

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

APL

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: APL
Date: 18 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
... before 23jun1969 unbundling, SEs got apprentice type training as part of large group at customer account, after unbundling (and charging for SEs), they couldn't figure out how not to charge for apprentice SEs training at customer account ... and thus was born "HONE" ... CP67/CMS systems where SEs could practice with guest operating systems running in CP67 virtual machines. Science Center also ported APL\360 to CMS for CMS\APL ... had to rework APL\360 storage management from 16kbyte (sometimes 32kbyte) workspaces for large virtual memory ... also added API for system services (able to use for things like file I/O) ... which HONE used to start offering APL-based sales&marketing support applications ... which eventually came to dominate all HONE activity (and SE use for guest operating system practice just dwindled away).

Also, one of my hobbies after joining IBM was enhanced production operating systems for internal datacenters and HONE was long time customer (first CP67 and CMS\APL then migrated to VM370 and APL\CMS). In the morph from CP67->VM370 significant features were simplified or completely dropped (multiple processor support, bunch of performance stuff I did as undergraduate, etc) and I eventually started re-implementing lots of CP67 stuff back into VM370. In mid-70s, US HONE datacenters were consolidated in Palo Alto and HONE was extended to eight systems operating in single-system-mode, large loosely-coupled all sharing same disk farm with load balancing and fall-over across the complex. The APL-based stuff was quite compute intensive ... so systems were saturated. I then did VM370 multiprocessor support for HONE so they could add a second processor to each system doubling the number in the complex to 16 processors.

HONE systems were also being cloned around the world (HONE had me go along for the first few, some of my first overseas trips after graduating and joining IBM) ... I believe HONE Palo Alto was the single largest APL-based datacenter complex ... and world-wide HONE would be the largest aggregate APL-based operation.

23jun1969 unbundling posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundle
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
HONE (&/or APL) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
multiprocessor posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp

oh & middle-ware trivia: My wife got asked to co-author a response to federal agency up at Ft. Meade request for a super secure campus environment. In the response she included 3-tier networking (including what today what would be called middle-ware). We then were including it (along with Ethernet, TCP/IP, etc) in executive presentations we were making to customers. This was in the days when communication group was fiercely fighting off client/server and distributed computing and were about to fabricate SAA ... and we would be taking all sorts of arrows in the back from the token-ring and SAA forces and the communication group.

3-tier posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#3tier

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

MS/DOS for IBM/PC

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: MS/DOS for IBM/PC
Date: 19 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#22 MS/DOS for IBM/PC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#23 MS/DOS for IBM/PC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#27 MS/DOS for IBM/PC

There was group of IBMers in silicon valley formed to do ACORN (IBM/PC) software because IBM Boca said they weren't interested in software. Every couple weeks would check with Boca that they weren't interested in software. Then at some point Boca said if you were going to do software for ACORN, it would have to be done in Boca. The silicon valley group then dissolved ... possibly one of the members went to Boca for a short period, but returned to silicon valley.

There was joke that Boca didn't want to play internal IBM politics and why they went for outside contractor.

past posts menttioning ACORN
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#90 Silicon Valley
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#1 How an obscure British PC maker invented ARM and changed the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#53 IBM NUMBERS BIPOLAR'S DAYS WITH G5 CMOS MAINFRAMES
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#41 The Forgotten Operating System That Keeps the NYC Subway System Alive
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#99 IBM 5100
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#71 No Internet. No Microsoft Windows. No iPods. This Is What Tech Was Like In 1984
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#58 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006p.html#41 Device Authentication - The answer to attacks lauched using stolen passwords?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#79 Coulda, Woulda, Shoudda moments?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm27.htm#36 TPM, part 2

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Why Mislead Readers about Milton Friedman and Segregation?

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Why Mislead Readers about Milton Friedman and Segregation?
Date: 19 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Why Mislead Readers about Milton Friedman and Segregation?
https://www.ineteconomics.org/perspectives/blog/why-mislead-readers-about-milton-friedman-and-segregation
Not long ago I published the results of my research on the backstory of Milton Friedman's discussion of education in his Capitalism and Freedom. The title of my INET Working Paper summed up my findings: "How Milton Friedman Exploited White Supremacy to Privatize Education." Drawing on the private papers of Friedman and other primary sources, the paper started with the obvious: that as soon as the U.S. Supreme Court handed down its landmark Brown v. Board of Education decision in 1954 outlawing segregation in public education, southern political leaders began scheming to evade it and maintain racist education systems.
... snip ...

How Milton Friedman Exploited White Supremacy to Privatize Education
https://www.ineteconomics.org/research/research-papers/how-milton-friedman-exploited-white-supremacy-to-privatize-education
This paper traces the origins of today's campaigns for school vouchers and other modes of public funding for private education to efforts by Milton Friedman beginning in 1955. It reveals that the endgame of the "school choice" enterprise for libertarians was not then-- and is not now--to enhance education for all children; it was a strategy, ultimately, to offload the full cost of schooling onto parents as part of a larger quest to privatize public services and resources.
... snip ...

inequality posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality
racism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#racism
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism

recent posts specifically referencing Milton Friedman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#34 Chicago Boys' 100% Private Pension System in Chile Is in Big Trouble
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#36 We've Structured Our Economy to Redistribute a Massive Amount of Income Upward
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#22 Neoliberalism: America Has Arrived at One of History's Great Crossroads
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#17 Jamie Dimon: Some Americans 'don't feel like going back to work'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#21 ESG Drives a Stake Through Friedman's Legacy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#25 Huawei 5G networks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#15 The Other 1 Percent": Morgan Stanley Spots A Market Ratio That Is "Unprecedented Even During The Tech Bubble"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#158 Goliath
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#149 Why big business can count on courts to keep its deadly secrets
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#64 Capitalism as we know it is dead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#51 Big Pharma CEO: 'We're in Business of Shareholder Profit, Not Helping The Sick
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#50 Economic Mess and Regulations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#34 The U.S. Forgot What Antitrust Is For
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#32 Milton Friedman's "Shareholder" Theory Was Wrong
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#31 Milton Friedman's "Shareholder" Theory Was Wrong
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#14 Chicago Theory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#48 Here's what Nobel Prize-winning research says will make you more influential
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#73 Wage Stagnation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#68 Wage Stagnation

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

In the Middle East, the US was Never about Democracy Promotion

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: In the Middle East, the US was Never about Democracy Promotion
Date: 19 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
In the Middle East, the US was Never about Democracy Promotion
https://www.juancole.com/2021/11/middle-democracy-promotion.html
This policy of promoting capitalist democracy in Europe depended on cheap energy so that the post-war economies could attain the kind of prosperity that would tamp down working class discontents and blunt the appeal of Communist parties like that of the French. Europe had little petroleum of its own and imported most of what it needed from the Middle East.

The US therefore guaranteed the House of Saud, the Saudi Arabian absolute monarchy, a security umbrella in return for supplying cheap oil to US allies. The Saudis even sent petroleum to South Vietnam in the 1960s. Iran was also important to this policy. When a popular nationalist movement attempted to nationalize Iranian petroleum and escape US hegemony in the early 1950s, the CIA overthrew the elected government and installed the shah of Iran (who had fled to Italy during the nationalist period) as an absolute monarch on the Saudi model.

... snip ...

capitalist posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism

posts mentioning supporting saudi
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#112 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#90 Afghanistan Proved Eisenhower Correct
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#57 After 9/11, the U.S. Got Almost Everything Wrong
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#97 The End of World Bank's "Doing Business Report": A Landmark Victory for People & Planet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#53 The Kill Chain
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#52 By Letting Saudi Arabia Off the Hook Over 9/11, the US Encouraged Violent Jihadism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#50 FBI releases first secret 9/11 file
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#49 The Counterinsurgency Myth
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#46 FBI releases first secret 9/11 file
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#38 The Accumulated Evil of the Whole: That time Bush and Co. made the September 11 Attacks a Pretext for War on Iraq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#37 9/11 and the Saudi Connection. Mounting evidence supports allegations that Saudi Arabia helped fund the 9/11 attacks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#18 A War's Epitaph. For Two Decades, Americans Told One Lie After Another About What They Were Doing in Afghanistan
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#62 An Un-American Way of War: Why the United States Fails at Irregular Warfare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#57 Generation of Vipers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#42 Afghanistan Down the Drain
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#11 Democratic senators increase pressure to declassify 9/11 documents related to Saudi role in attacks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#102 Democratic senators increase pressure to declassify 9/11 documents related to Saudi role in attacks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#99 Democratic senators increase pressure to declassify 9/11 documents related to Saudi role in attacks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#67 Does America Like Losing Wars?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#4 Donald Rumsfeld, The Controversial Architect Of The Iraq War, Has Died
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#95 Geopolitics, Profit, and Poppies: How the CIA Turned Afghanistan into a Failed Narco-State
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#71 Inflating China Threat to Balloon Pentagon Budget
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#65 Biden takes steps to rein in 'forever wars' in Afghanistan and Iraq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#59 White House backs bill to end Iraq war military authorization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#42 The Blind Strategist: John Boyd and the American Art of War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#40 The Blind Strategist: John Boyd and the American Art of War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#10 George W. Bush Can't Paint His Way Out of Hell
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#27 US intelligence report finds Saudi Crown Prince responsible for approving operation that killed Khashoggi
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#26 Fighting to Go Home: Operation Desert Storm, 30 Years Later
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#24 US intelligence report finds Saudi Crown Prince responsible for approving operation that killed Khashoggi
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#22 Fighting to Go Home: Operation Desert Storm, 30 Years Later
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#20 Fighting to Go Home: Operation Desert Storm, 30 Years Later
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#101 Three Wars, No Victory - Why?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#22 The Saudi Connection: Inside the 9/11 Case That Divided the F.B.I
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#21 Saudi ruler aimed to 'silence' Washington Post

posts mentioning CIA Iran coup
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#105 OT, "new" Heinlein book
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#92 OT, "new" Heinlein book
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#67 Profit propaganda ads witch-hunt era
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#22 Radical Muslim
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#18 Before the First Shots Are Fired
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#54 Global Warming and U.S. National Security Diplomacy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#14 U.S. Special Forces School Publishes New Guide for Overthrowing Foreign Governments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#18 How Iran Won Our Iraq War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#48 Iran Payments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#88 Trump administration appointee quits lobbying for Saudi Arabia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#19 America's War for the Greater Middle East: A Military History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#101 The Persistent Myth of U.S. Precision Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#99 tablets and desktops was Has Microsoft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#10 Fears of an Aggressive Iran Are Far Older Than the Islamic Republic Is
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#104 Iran shrink-wrapped $100 Payments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#90 The G.O.P. Tax Cut Is Draining the Treasury Even Faster Than Expected
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#59 America's War for the Greater Middle East: A Military History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#105 CIA Caught Between Operational Security and Analytical Quality In 1953 Iran Coup Planning
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#30 free, huh, was Bitcoin confusion?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#82 DEC and HVAC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#16 Predicting the future in five years as seen from 1983
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#14 Predicting the future in five years as seen from 1983
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#36 Tech: we didn't mean for it to turn out like this
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#115 When It Comes to the War in the Greater Middle East, Maybe We're the Bad Guys
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#104 Iraq, Longest War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#73 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#45 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#99 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#97 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#59 Breaking: Entire Nation Experiencing Collective Amnesia About Iraq War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#90 Economist, Harry Dent Hints: Global Banks Facing a Serious Crisis in Months Ahead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#33 CBS News: WikiLeaks claims to release thousands of CIA documents of computer activity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#72 A Coal Fire May Have Helped Sink the 'Titanic'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#39 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#20 Jeff Sessions set to show his steel on white-collar crime
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#24 Frieden calculator
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#23 Frieden calculator
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#21 US and UK have staged coups before
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#102 "Computer & Automation" later issues--anti-establishment thrust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#78 The World Crisis, Vol. 1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#81 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#80 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#77 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#72 Thanks Obama
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#39 Shout out to Grace Hopper (State of the Union)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#11 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#67 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#78 past of nukes, was Future of support for telephone rotary dial ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#70 Revamped PDP-11 in Brooklyn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#95 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training
Date: 19 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#25

The Persistent Myth of U.S. Precision Bombing
https://consortiumnews.com/2018/06/20/the-persistent-myth-of-u-s-precision-bombing/
In 2003, Rob Hewson, the editor of Jane's Air-Launched Weapons, estimated about 20-25 percent of the U.S. and U.K.'s "precision" weapons were missing their targets in Iraq, noting that this was a significant improvement over the 1999 bombing of Yugoslavia, when 30-40 percent were off-target. "There's a significant gap between 100 percent and reality," Hewson said.
... snip ...

During desert storm, Pentagon had claims about precision bombing that it was 100 times better than WW2 and only needed 1/100th the bombs to do the same amount of damage. Note that desert storm was 43days and only the last 100 hrs was land war. GAO desert storm air effectiveness study had A10s doing over million 30mm DU shells (@$13/shell, $13m total) and 5000 Maverick missiles (@$144,000, $72M). The DU shells were so effective that Iraqi crews were walking away from their tanks (as sitting ducks, later description of fierce tank battles with coalition forces taking no damage, don't mention if Iraqi tanks had anybody home). There was also a problem with Mavericks that accounted for some number of friendly fire deaths (friendly fire deaths from precision bombing also in the current wars).
http://www.gao.gov/products/NSIAD-97-134

There was also claims that every Patriot fired hit its target, then MIT did study that many missed, and that they couldn't even find conclusive proof that any actually hit. There were claims that some Patriot explosions may have been close enough to throw SCUD off target ... but SCUDs were so inaccurate that off target was standard.
http://tech.mit.edu/V112/N26/postol.26n.html

military-industrial(-congressional complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex

precision bombing, patriot missiles, &/or norden bombsite posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#25 Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#92 The War Was Won Before Hiroshima--And the Generals Who Dropped the Bomb Knew It
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#102 The Persistent Myth of U.S. Precision Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#101 The Persistent Myth of U.S. Precision Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#89 The US destroyed Tokyo 73 years ago in the deadliest air raid in history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#55 60 Minutes interview with Grace Hopper
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#83 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#78 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#32 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#21 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#63 America's Over-Hyped Strategic Bombing Experiment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#68 Strategic Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#64 Strategic Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#117 E.R. Burroughs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#71 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#91 Computers anyone?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#54 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#43 No, the F-35 Can't Fight at Long Range, Either
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#34 The joy of simplicity?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#21 Credit card fraud solution coming to America...finally
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#9 Why do we keep losing?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#13 Fully Restored WWII Fighter Plane Up for Auction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#53 IBM Data Processing Center and Pi
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#90 Friden Flexowriter equipment series
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#10 Jedi Knights

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

How Delaware Became the World's Biggest Offshore Haven

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: How Delaware Became the World's Biggest Offshore Haven
Date: 19 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
How Delaware Became the World's Biggest Offshore Haven. Kleptocrats, criminals, and con artists have all parked their illicit gains in the state.
https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/11/19/delaware-illicit-finance-corruption-offshore-wealth-american-kleptocracy-book-excerpt/
Viktor Bout was one of the leading members of a long list of international crime lords who raced to Delaware, building out his operations with the anonymity the state provided. A scrawny, Tajik-born Russian national with a bushy mustache the size of a clipped cigar, Bout built an arms-trafficking empire amid the Soviet Union's collapse. (For a taste of Bout's murderous exploits, check out actor Nicolas Cage's title character in the 2005 film Lord of War, which was based on Bout.)

With clients and partners from Central America to Central Asia and from warlords in sub-Saharan Africa to the Taliban, Bout was involved in nearly all of the major illicit arms transfers that took place in the 1990s and early 2000s. Fighter jets and anti-aircraft weapons, machine guns and machetes: The products didn't matter. All that mattered was moving merchandise to waiting clients--and making sure those investigating him, including U.S. officials, never uncovered the financial networks that facilitated his arms trafficking.

... snip ...

American Kleptocracy: How the U.S. Created the World's Greatest Money Laundering Scheme in History
https://www.amazon.com/American-Kleptocracy-Created-Greatest-Laundering-ebook/dp/B08R2KCQYD/
American Kleptocracy examines just how the United States' implosion into a center of global offshoring took place: how states like Delaware and Nevada perfected the art of the anonymous shell company, and how post-9/11 reformers watched their success usher in a new flood of illicit finance directly into the U.S.; how African despots and post-Soviet oligarchs came to dominate American coastlines, American industries, and entire cities and small towns across the American Midwest; how Nazi-era lobbyists birthed an entire industry of spin-men whitewashing trans-national crooks and despots, and how dirty money has now begun infiltrating America's universities and think tanks and cultural centers; and how those on the front-line are trying to restore America's legacy of anti-corruption leadership--and finally end this reign of American kleptocracy.
... snip ...

money laundering posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#money.laundering
tax evasion, tax fraud, tax avoidance, tax havens, tax loopholes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#tax.evasion
capitalist posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

APL

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: APL
Date: 20 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#28 APL

Facebook trivia: when facebook 1st moved into silicon valley, it was into a new bldg built next door to the old HONE datacenter.

Note that Cambridge Science center had done CP67/CMS, APL\360 port to CMS for CMS\APL (along with API to do execute system services like file I/O for real world problems), internal network, etc. The Palo Alto Science center was across the back parking lot from the (consolidated) HONE datacenter ... and did changes for APL\CMS (for VM370/CMS) and APL microcode assist for the 370/145 (could run APL applications at 370/168 speed).

science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
HONE (&/or APL) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone

Possibly the largest HONE APL application was SEQUOIA ... the GUI interface for sales&marketing people (sort of extremely advanced PROFS for the mostly computer illiterate) and something like 400+Kbytes (way larger than any APL 16kbyte workspace). PASC did an APL hack where the SEQUOIA APL code could be embedded in the APL executable that was single shared version ... only one copy had to be paged into memory ... instead a different copy for each user.

past HONE posts specifically mentioning SEQUOIA
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#43 IBM Powerpoint sales presentations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#33 HONE story/history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#26 This Paper Map Shows The Extent Of The Entire Internet In 1973
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#14 Tandem Memo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#14 HONE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#72 Collection of APL documents
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#63 Collection of APL documents
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#28 Personal histories and IBM computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#13 IBM 5100 First Portable Computer commercial 1977
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009j.html#77 More named/shared systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006o.html#53 The Fate of VM - was: Re: Baby MVS???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006o.html#52 The Fate of VM - was: Re: Baby MVS???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006m.html#53 DCSS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005g.html#30 Moving assembler programs above the line
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005g.html#27 Moving assembler programs above the line
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#21 "Super-Cheap" Supercomputing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#5 HONE, xxx#, misc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#3 HONE, Aid, misc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#0 HONE was .. Hercules and System/390 - do we need it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#76 HONE was .. Hercules and System/390 - do we need it?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Nearly $500 billion lost yearly to global tax abuse due mostly to corporations, new analysis says

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Nearly $500 billion lost yearly to global tax abuse due mostly to corporations, new analysis says
Date: 20 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Nearly $500 billion lost yearly to global tax abuse due mostly to corporations, new analysis says. The State of Tax Justice 2021 report highlights the role of wealthier countries like the U.S. in draining global tax revenue -- an issue under discussion by policymakers after the Pandora Papers.
https://www.icij.org/inside-icij/2021/11/nearly-500-billion-lost-yearly-to-global-tax-abuse-due-mostly-to-corporations-new-analysis-says/
The State of Tax Justice 2021 -- published Tuesday by the Tax Justice Network, the Global Alliance for Tax Justice and the global union federation Public Services International -- found that countries miss out on $312 billion annually due to tax abuse by multinational corporations and an additional $171 billion via individual tax evasion.
... snip ...

tax evasion, tax fraud, tax avoidance, tax havens, tax loopholes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#tax.evasion

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

OS/2

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: OS/2
Date: 20 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
note that communication group was fiercely fighting off client/server and distributed computing ... trying to preserve its dumb terminal paradigm ... including kneecaping lots of PS2 hardware (to limits its capability). Going back further ... GPD was doing LAN fileserver project and had subcontracted some of the work out to (mostly univ) group in Provo, Utah ... and one of the GPD group was commuting from San Jose to Provo nearly every week ... then mandate came down from corporate that the project was terminated (and the Provo group allowed to keep all the work they had done under IBM contract). About that time a new company appeared in Provo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novell

other trivia, during late 90s and early part of century lots of public online discussions that lead on m'soft NT in a prior life had been the lead for DEC VMS system. I've periodically told the story that in the DEC VMS infancy, the head of POK was considered one of the biggest contributors to VMS. He had managed to convince corporate to kill VM370/CMS, shutdown the development group and transfer all the people to POK (on the excuse that otherwise he wouldn't be able to ship MVS/XA on schedule). The were not planning on tell the group until just before the move ... to minimize the number of people that might escape. Somehow the information managed to leak early and many managed to escape early to other places in the Boston area ... including to the infant DEC VMS group. Then there was witch hunt for the source of the leak ... fortunately nobody gave me up. Endicott did finally manage to save the VM370 product mission ... but had to reconstitute a development group from scratch.

total trivia: early OS/2 sent email to Endicott asking how VM/370 did its dispatching/scheduling ... Endicott forwarded the email to Kingston, Kingston then forwarded it to me ... since I had done it originally two decades earlier as an undergraduate in the 60s for CP67. some old email

Date: Fri, 4 Dec 87 15:58:10 est
From: wheeler
Subject: os2 dispatching

fyi ... somebody in boca sent a message to endicott asking about how to do dispatch/scheduling (i.e. how does vm handle it) because os2 has several deficiencies that need fixing. VM Endicott forwarded it to VM Kingston and VM Kingston forwarded it to me. I still haven't seen a description of OS2 yet so don't yet know about how to go about solving any problems.

... snip ... top of post, old email index

Date: Fri, 4 Dec 87 15:53:29 est
From: wheeler
To: somebody at bcrvmpc1 (i.e. internal vm network node in boca)
Subject: os2 dispatching

I've sent you a couple things that I wrote recently that relate to the subject of scheduling, dispatching, system management, etc. If you are interested in more detailed description of the VM stuff, I can send you some descriptions of things that I've done to enhance/fix what went into the base VM system ... i.e. what is there now, what its limitations are, and what further additions should be added.

... snip ... top of post, old email index

dynamic resource management, dispatching and scheduling posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare

In early 90s, head of Boca (PS2 & OS2) contracted with Dataquest (since bought by Gartner) to do a study of the future of personal computing over the next several years, including a video recorded roundtable of dozen silicon valley experts. I had known the person at dataquest (in charge of the project) for a couple decades and I was asked to be one of the silicon valley experts. I cleared it with my IBM management and dataquest agreed to garble my details so Boca wouldn't recognize me as IBM employee.

OS/2 announced in APR87 and first ships in DEC87 (after above email)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS/2

... trivia: the vm370 people said that they should have been expecting the shutdown/move when they were placed under the executive that had shutdown the New York Programming Center in NYC Time Life Building. From IBM Jargon:

TIME/LIFE - n. The legendary (defunct since 1975) New York Programming Center, formerly in the TIME & LIFE Building on 6th Avenue, near the Rockefeller Center, in New York City. For many years it was the home of System/360 and System/370 Languages, Sorts and Utilities. Its programmers are now primarily in Kingston, Palo Alto, and Santa Teresa (or retired).
... snip ...

datahub posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#100 IBM Lost Opportunities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#102 Netscape: The Fire That Filled Silicon Valley's First Bubble
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#128 How Much Bandwidth do we have?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#39 How Comp-Sci went from passing fad to must have major
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#21 The PDP-8/e and thread drifT?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#27 Ethernet at 40: Its daddy reveals its turbulent youth
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#4 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#14 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#18 John R. Opel, RIP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#59 The first personal computer (PC)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#3 Rare Apple I computer sells for $216,000 in London
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010.html#15 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#58 When did "client server" become part of the language?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#68 New machine code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008p.html#36 Making tea
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008e.html#8 MAINFRAME Training with IBM Certification and JOB GUARANTEE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007v.html#53 folklore indeed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007p.html#35 Newsweek article--baby boomers and computers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007n.html#86 The Unexpected Fact about the First Computer Programmer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007n.html#21 The Development of the Vital IBM PC in Spite of the Corporate Culture of IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#49 How difficult would it be for a SYSPROG ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007f.html#17 Is computer history taught now?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#31 "The Elements of Programming Style"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006l.html#39 Token-ring vs Ethernet - 10 years later
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005q.html#36 Intel strikes back with a parallel x86 design
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005q.html#9 What ever happened to Tandem and NonStop OS ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005p.html#23 What ever happened to Tandem and NonStop OS ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004f.html#16 Infiniband - practicalities for small clusters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#13 Alpha performance, why?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#26 MP cost effectiveness
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#33 Over-the-shoulder effect
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#79 Coulda, Woulda, Shoudda moments?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#19 When will IBM buy Sun?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#40 No more innovation? Get serious
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#4a John Hartmann's Birthday Party

dataquest posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#72 IBM OS/2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#89 Silicon Valley
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#68 OS/2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#27 PC Market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#49 PC Personal Computing Market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#89 Obsolete processors, 286 vs. 386
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#0 EasyLink email ad
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#113 IBM PS2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#110 IBM downfall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#33 ARM Cortex A53 64 bit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#26 ARM Cortex A53 64 bit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#23 IBM "Breakup"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#94 What would Klinger look like in business attire?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#46 Could this be the wrongest prediction of all time?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#26 upcoming TV show, "Halt & Catch Fire"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#24 IBM sells Intel server business, company is doomed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#20 9th Feb 2014
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#4 IBM commitment to academia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#44 Slackware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#47 First 5.25in 1GB drive?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#78 SLIGHTLY OT - Home Computer of the Future (not IBM)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#10 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010.html#62 How long before Microsoft goes the way of DEC (and in part, IBM)?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#69 Intel's Future is integrated
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#6 Houses
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#5 Houses
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008d.html#60 more on (the new 40+ yr old) virtualization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007h.html#0 The Perfect Computer - 36 bits?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#81 IBM to the PCM market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005t.html#21 What ever happened to Tandem and NonStop OS ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004.html#34 Two subjects: 64-bit OS2/eCs, Innotek Products
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#55 Moore law

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Why Sabre is betting against multi-cloud

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Why Sabre is betting against multi-cloud
Date: 21 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Why Sabre is betting against multi-cloud
https://techcrunch.com/2021/11/19/why-sabre-is-betting-against-multi-cloud/
Joe DiFonzo, Sabre's CIO, told me that this is the result of quite a bit of learning. When he joined Sabre in 2017, the company's leadership had already decided on moving more workloads to the cloud. For Sabre, with its eight mainframes and more than 35,000 servers, that was never going to be a trivial undertaking.
...
After an extensive search, the team decided to go with Google Cloud, based on its technology offerings and road map, but also because of Google's acquisition of ITA, which gave it unique insights into how the travel space operates. Sabre was also interested in Google's AI technologies, as well as Apigee's ability to help Sabre manage its APIs -- and, as DiFonzo noted, both companies also had similar engineering mindsets
... snip ...

In 1994 ( after leaving IBM), was brought into SABRE, they wanted me to look at the ten impossible things they couldn't do (on TPF/mainframe). Started with ROUTES (25% of TPF processing) ... and given full OAG tape (all commercial airline flts for all airlines and all airports in the world). I came back two months later with (RS/6000, unix) implementation that did all their impossible things. Then the hand wringing begins ... they had something like 800 people supporting their TPF ROUTES implementation ... left over from the 60s technology design trade-offs ... starting from scratch, I could make totally different 90s tradeoffs ... which eliminated nearly all the manual activity of the 800 people. They eventually said they hadn't wanted me to actually do something, they just wanted to be able to tell the parent board that I was working on it (there was apparently former IBM exec on the board that had known me from early 80s). My implementation was quietly shelved and they wouldn't let me redo FARES. Initial implementation was 100 times faster than TPF and then adding all the impossible things slowed it down to only ten times faster than TPF. It was sized that ten rack mount RS/6000 990s could handle every ROUTE request for every airline in the world. Decade later, cellphone processors had compute power of those ten 990s.

... trivia: rather than doing manually prepared database of origin/destination flts (non-stop, direct, up to two connects), I took the full 200+mbyte OAG of every flt segment and compressed into <30mbytes and instead of doing database lookup ... fixed it in memory at startup and did route searches (from some past work done on chip circuit layout), pathlength that was enormously faster (100 faster) than database lookup ... and could keep going to find origin/destination requiring any number of connects. Maint involved the offline compression of the full OAG ,,, and then a few second rolling reload/restart of each system.

some posts from earlier this year mentioning TPF &/or SABRE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#66 IBM ACP/TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#25 VM370, 3081, and AT&T Long Lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#3 IBM Lost Opportunities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#78 IBM ACP/TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#77 IBM ACP/TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#76 IBM ITPS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#75 IBM ITPS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#100 CMSBACK, ADSM, TSM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#31 the wonders of SABRE, was Magnetic Drum reservations 1952
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#90 Was E-mail a Mistake? The mathematics of distributed systems suggests that meetings might be better
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#71 the wonders of SABRE, was Magnetic Drum reservations 1952
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#70 the wonders of SABRE, was Magnetic Drum reservations 1952
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#30 IBM HSDT & HA/CMP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#8 Air Traffic System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#13 IBM Internal Network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#44 IBM Powerpoint sales presentations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#28 IBM 370/195
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#66 ACP/TPF 3083
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#16 IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#80 AT&T Long-lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#23 IBM Recruiting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#15 IBM Recruiting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#6 Airline Reservation System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#86 IBM Auditors and Games
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#75 Airline Reservation System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#74 Airline Reservation System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#72 Airline Reservation System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#71 Airline Reservation System

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Boeblingen

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Boeblingen
Date: 21 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
The Boeblingen datacenter paid for me to come over for a week and talk to them in the early 70s (1st overseas trip after graduating and joining IBM). They put me up in small, couple story business hotel in residential district ... had to struggle by on college german. I remember beer vending machines ... and around town I noticed large trucks and construction equipment had backup warning sounds ... something didn't find in US until years later.

A couple years later ... as Future System was imploding ... the 115/125 support group in the US cons me into working on a multiprocessor implementation for them. They said that corporate slapped Boeblingen's hands for the 115/125 design ... memory bus with positions for up to nine microprocessors. For 115, all microprocessors were the same (about 800kips), but with different microcode loads ... 370 implementation avg 10 native instructions per 370 instructions or 80kips 370. The 125 was same but 50% faster microprocessor for 370 microcode, 1.2mips native and 120kips 370. I was to do up to five 370 microprocessors in the machine.

At the same time, Endicott had con'ed me into working on ECPS for Virgil/Tully (138/148) ... and then came a point when Endicott complained that 125 with five 370 multiprocessors would have about same throughput of 148 ... and there was corporate escalation meeting to cancel the 5-way 125 ... and I was designated to argue both sides.

I sort of did superset of 138/148 "ECPS" for 125 multiprocessing ... old archived post with initial analysis for 138/458 microcode assist:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#21

except I had lot more 125 microcode space than the 138/148 6kbytes limit for ECPS ... also did a more formal definition for multiprocessing ... work went on queue of work for the microprocessors (in sorted order) and each processor microprogramming could pull stuff off of the top of the work queue (intel i432 did something similar a few years later). Since the disk controller was similar processor could define queue of work for each disk ... and the controller could look at the queues and execute things for optimal arm seek, rotational delay and transfer ... and then post completed stuff to queue for processor to handle (370/xa provided something a little similar a few years later with SSCH).

Note 115-4341 implemented 370 in microcode, at avg. approx ten native instructions per 370 instruction.

5-way 370/125 multiprocessor posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#bounce
SMP/multiprocessor posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
future system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Climate denial is waning on the right

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Climate denial is waning on the right.
Date: 21 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Climate denial is waning on the right. What's replacing it might be just as scary. The wrapping of ecological disaster with fears of rampant immigration is a narrative that has flourished in far-right fringe movements in Europe and the US
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/nov/21/climate-denial-far-right-immigration
When the Roman empire fell, it was largely as a result of uncontrolled immigration - the empire could no longer control its borders, people came in from the east and all over the place," the British prime minister said in an interview on the eve of crucial UN climate talks in Scotland. Civilization can go into reverse as well as forwards, as Johnson told it, with Rome's fate offering grave warning as to what could happen if global heating is not restrained.
... some other perspectives:

The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
https://www.amazon.com/History-Decline-Empire-Complete-Volumes-ebook/dp/B09M2NJ2GS/
... Gibbons has spread of Christianity sapping the Roman martial spirit ... and after Christianity as official state religion, the graft, corruption and infighting of the 1800 "bishops", further destroying the empire from within. The combination played major role in the fall of Rome and the resulting anarchy of the dark ages.

"The Fall of the Roman Empire",
https://www.amazon.com/Fall-Roman-Empire-Barbarians-ebook/dp/B000SEI0JQ
... shows Rome becoming dependent on the economic power house of North Africa, enabling Rome to eliminate taxes on the wealthy, feed the empire, and pay bribes and tribute for mercenaries to secure its northern border. To further reduce expenses and provide riches for the wealthy they reduced the military protecting North Africa, believing it not subject to enemies. Vandals crossed over to North Africa from Spain and took the (economic power house) breadbasket. The empire wasn't able to adapt to the loss, the bribes and tributes for the northern border stopped, food became scarce, wealthy resisted new taxes (attempt to compensate for the lost revenue) ... and unable to resist the barbarians.

Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty
https://www.amazon.com/Why-Nations-Fail-Origins-Prosperity-ebook/dp/B0058Z4NR8
pg167/loc2800-2808:
For example, the Vandals, under their king, Geiseric, ravaged large parts of the Iberian Peninsula and then conquered the Roman bread baskets in North Africa from 429 onward.
... snip ...

... "merchants of doubt" ... not only paid to spin climate change, but some of the same people previously paid to spin tobacco smoking cancer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#merchants.of.doubt
inequality posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality
capitalist posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism

a few recent "The Fall of the Roman Empire" and/or "Why Nations Fail" posts:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#98 No, the Vikings Did Not Discover America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#10 The 16919 Project
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#62 The Fall of the Roman Empire
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#43 Actually, the Electoral College Was a Pro-Slavery Ploy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#32 The American Empire Is the Sick Man of the 21st Century
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#40 Indian Wars
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#70 Is LINUX the inheritor of the Earth?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#22 A Tea Party Movement to Overhaul the Constitution Is Quietly Gaining
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#95 More Immigration
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#52 We the Corporations: How American Businesses Won Their Civil Rights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#45 More Guns Do Not Stop More Crimes, Evidence Shows
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#68 The true story behind Thanksgiving is a bloody struggle that decimated the population and ended with a head on a stick
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#40 Equality: The Impossible Quest
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#92 'X' Marks the Spot Where Inequality Took Root: Dig Here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#38 Disregard post (another screwup; absolutely nothing to do with computers whatsoever!)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#44 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#43 MVS vs HASP vs JES (was 2821)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#10 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#32 Star Trek (was Re: TV show Mannix observations)

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Boeing Built an Unsafe Plane, and Blamed the Pilots When It Crashed

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Boeing Built an Unsafe Plane, and Blamed the Pilots When It Crashed
Date: 21 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Boeing Built an Unsafe Plane, and Blamed the Pilots When It Crashed. Cost-cutting, corporate arrogance, and a new plane that was supposed to be easy to fly. An exclusive excerpt from Flying Blind: The 737 Max Tragedy and the Fall of Boeing.
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-11-16/are-boeing-planes-unsafe-pilots-blamed-for-corporate-errors-in-max-737-crash

Flying Blind: The 737 MAX Tragedy and the Fall of Boeing Kindle Edition
https://www.amazon.com/Flying-Blind-Tragedy-Fall-Boeing-ebook/dp/B08P98854S/
Flying Blind is the definitive expose of the disasters that transfixed the world. Drawing from exclusive interviews with current and former employees of Boeing and the FAA; industry executives and analysts; and family members of the victims, it reveals how a broken corporate culture paved the way for catastrophe. It shows how in the race to beat the competition and reward top executives, Boeing skimped on testing, pressured employees to meet unrealistic deadlines, and convinced regulators to put planes into service without properly equipping them or their pilots for flight. It examines how the company, once a treasured American innovator, became obsessed with the bottom line, putting shareholders over customers, employees, and communities.
... snip ...

Boeing 100th anniv article "The Boeing Century"
https://issuu.com/pnwmarketplace/docs/i20160708144953115

... including long article "Scrappy start forged a company built to last", has analysis of the Boeing merger with M/D ("A different Boeing") and the disastrous effects that it had on the company ... and even though many of those people are gone, it still leaves the future of the company in doubt. One was the M/D (military-industrial complex) culture of outsourcing to lots of entities in different jurisdiction as part of catering to political interests ... as opposed to focusing on producing quality products ... which shows up in the effects that it had on 787.

The Coming Boeing Bailout?
https://mattstoller.substack.com/p/the-coming-boeing-bailout
Unlike Boeing, McDonnell Douglas was run by financiers rather than engineers. And though Boeing was the buyer, McDonnell Douglas executives some how took power in what analysts started calling a "reverse takeover." The joke in Seattle was, "McDonnell Douglas bought Boeing with Boeing's money."
... snip ...

Crash Course
https://newrepublic.com/article/154944/boeing-737-max-investigation-indonesia-lion-air-ethiopian-airlines-managerial-revolution
Sorscher had spent the early aughts campaigning to preserve the company's estimable engineering legacy. He had mountains of evidence to support his position, mostly acquired via Boeing's 1997 acquisition of McDonnell Douglas, a dysfunctional firm with a dilapidated aircraft plant in Long Beach and a CEO who liked to use what he called the Hollywood model" for dealing with engineers: Hire them for a few months when project deadlines are nigh, fire them when you need to make numbers. In 2000, Boeing's engineers staged a 40-day strike over the McDonnell deal's fallout; while they won major material concessions from management, they lost the culture war. They also inherited a notoriously dysfunctional product line from the corner-cutting market gurus at McDonnell.
... snip ...

Boeing's travails show what's wrong with modern capitalism. Deregulation means a company once run by engineers is now in the thrall of financiers and its stock remains high even as its planes fall from the sky
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/sep/11/boeing-capitalism-deregulation
Modern Capitalism Needs a Revolution to Undo the Damage It Has Caused
https://time.com/6111683/capitalism-impact-investment-ronald-cohen/

military-industrial complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
capitalist posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism

some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#78 The Long-Forgotten Flight That Sent Boeing Off Course
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#57 "Hollywood model" for dealing with engineers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#87 Congress demands records from Boeing to investigate lapses in production quality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#70 Boeing CEO Said Board Moved Quickly on MAX Safety; New Details Suggest Otherwise
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#40 IBM & Boeing run by Financiers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#10 "This Plane Was Designed By Clowns, Who Are Supervised By Monkeys"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#153 At Boeing, C.E.O.'s Stumbles Deepen a Crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#151 OT: Boeing to temporarily halt manufacturing of 737 MAX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#39 Crash Course
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#33 Boeing's travails show what's wrong with modern capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#39 The Roots of Boeing's 737 Max Crisis: A Regulator Relaxes Its Oversight
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#20 The Coming Boeing Bailout?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#60 11 crazy up-close photos of the F-22 Raptor stealth fighter jet soaring through the air
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#26 DoD watchdog: Air Force failed to effectively manage F-22 modernization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#21 How China's New Stealth Fighter Could Soon Surpass the US F-22 Raptor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#58 Failures and Resiliency
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#20 The Boeing Century

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

New Programmer's Drink?

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: New Programmer's Drink?
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 21 Nov 2021 17:31:51 -1000
a.f.c. thread started Dec 16, 1993 with reference to Jolt (and high caffeine)
https://groups.google.com/g/alt.folklore.computers/c/CBvKA_fBv58/m/N1VlfEI3AwAJ

there is a regular invitation only silicon valley conference, Jolt sent truck of Jolt out to the conference for early beta test.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolt_Cola

old jolt reference
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008b.html#61 Geekonomics: The Real Cost of Insecure Software

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Clouds are service

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Clouds are service
Date: 21 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
clouds are service ... computers, software, power, cooling are all costs to them ... they use LINUX ... both because its "free" ... but also full source that they can adapt to new system paradigms, for a couple decades they claim they do their own server system assemblies at 1/3rd the cost of brand name servers, they've done extensive component reliability studies, power consumption, power& cooling efficiency, etc studies to optimize associated costs (they so reduced server system costs that power&cooling became increasing part of megadatacenter operation)

major cloud operations will have a dozen or more megadatacenters around the world, each with half million or more server systems ... enormous automation and each with staffs frequently under 100.

About the time the major server chip vendors said that they were shipping half their product directly to cloud operators ... IBM sold off its server system business, IBM still viewing hardware&software as profit (rather than cost). They have so much clout and volume that server chip vendors are even doing custom tailored chip versions to their specifications. They will also have rolling upgrades/replacements as new more power efficient chip generations come out ... since chip costs have enormously declined for them and power/cooling represents an increasing part of cost.

megadatacenter posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#megadatacenter

CP67 (before vm370) trivia: back in the sixties ... when IBM rented computers and charges was based on the system meter ... ran when ever any processor and/or channel was busy ... and even internal IBM would charge departments to recover datacenter costs (even tho it was purely funny money) ... the science center wanted to move to leaving CP67 on/available up 7x24 ... but wanted to minimize costs ... especially in offshift periods when the system might just sitting idle waiting for users to dial in (aka cloud on-demand). There was lots of operational automation to allow dark room operation offshift w/o operator. Next was custom channel programs that would allow the channel to go to sleep (and let the system meter stop) ... but immediately wake up when any bits were arriving. This was also used by the 60s cp67 commercial online service bureau spinoffs of the science center. Note that everything (all processors and channels) had to be idle for at least 400ms for the system meter to stop. MVS trivia: long after IBM had switched to selling machines in the 70s ... MVS still had a timer task that would wake up every 400ms (guarantee that any system meter never came to a stop and IBM would collect rental fees)

online commercial time-sharing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#timeshare

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Transaction Memory

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Transaction Memory
Date: 22 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
aka for initial aix JFS filesystem journal ... one of the issues was Palo Alto reimplemented w/o transaction memory and it ran faster. then the argument was that it was simpler (transaction memory) ... and you wouldn't have to figure out all the places that needed calls to journal process
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JFS_(file_system)

TSS/360 implemented single level store ... at the univ. TSS/360 SE and I did simulated benchmarks ... he ran four users on TSS/360 ... and I ran CP67/CMS (on recently installed from CSC, before all my rewrites), I ran 35 CMS users doing same benchmark with higher throughput and better response. After joining IBM, I did page-mapped implementation for CP67/CMS filesystem ... claiming I learned what not to do from TSS/360. TSS/360 single level store was then used for Future System ... and folklore is some of the FS people retreated to Rochester and did s/38 ... also FS single level store .... but greatly simplified ... they had everything (users, filesystems, etc) mapped into a *single* 48-bit address space ... with a bunch of "capabilities" (permissions allow access). AS/400 was to merge S/38, S/36, and S/34 ... dropping a lot of S/38 features. One of the S/38 features that didn't scale was all the disks being mapped into (only/single) 48-bit address space and "scatter" allocation .. the complete filesystem (across all disks) had to be backed up as single-entity and any disk failure required complete filesystem restore (could take 24hrs) ... claim was motivation for S/38 being early RAID adopter.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAID
In 1977, Norman Ken Ouchi at IBM filed a patent disclosing what was subsequently named RAID 4.[5]
... snip ...

I ported my paged-mapped CMS implementation to VM370/CMS ... limited to internal datacenters ... I figured couldn't get it released because "single-level-store" got such a bad reputation from the TSS360/FS implementation. I did do some 3380 benchmarks and moderately filesystem benchmark got three times the performance/throughput of CMS filesystem. It also had better graceful load increase since higher level abstraction could do a better job of ordering and combining operations (instead of always independent operations for each CMS). Also supported nearly any "module" in CMS filesystem could be designated as "shared". It was also possible to load same "shared" at different virtual addresses in different virtual memory ... however CMS used OS/360 ADCON convention and I had to do all sort of rewrites to make MODULES address independent.

S/38
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System/38
AS/400
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_AS/400
In the early 1980s, IBM management became concerned that IBM's large number of incompatible midrange computer systems were hurting the company's competitiveness, particularly against Digital Equipment Corporation's VAX.[7] In 1982, a project named Fort Knox commenced, which was intended to consolidate the System/36, the System/38, the IBM 8100, the Series/1 and the IBM 4300 series into a single product line based around the IBM 801 processor, while retaining backwards compatibility with all the systems it was intended to replace.[8] This project proved to be overly ambitious, and ran into multiple delays and changes of scope before being cancelled in 1985.
... snip ...

... S/38 trivia: My brother was regional apple marketing rep (largest physical region CONUS) and when he came into town, I could be invited to APPLE business dinners ... and got to argue MAC design with the developers (before MAC was announced). My brother figured out how to remotely dial into the S/38 that ran APPLE to track manufacturing and ship schedules.

... 4381 trivia: 4361/4381 were suppose to be 801 running 370 instruction emulation (801 replacing earlier CISC microprocessors). I helped Endicott with white paper that silicon got to the point where nearly full 370 could be directly implemented in silicon (instead of "microprogramming" on either CISC or 801 microprocessor).

future system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
801 posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
page-mapped filesystem posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#mmap
location independent execution
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#adcon

JFS and/or transaction memory posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#82 Honeywell 200
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#70 Microprocessor Optimization Primer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#88 Computers anyone?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#70 IBM Data Processing Center and Pi
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#7 Fwd: [sqlite] presentation about ordering and atomicity of filesystems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#66 ISO documentation of IBM 3375, 3380 and 3390 track format
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#58 Bllue Waters (ibm version) is dead. Long live Blue Gene/Q
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010.html#42 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#62 How did the monitor work under TOPS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008k.html#72 Transactional Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#27 Two views of Microkernels (Re: Kernels
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008e.html#10 Kernels
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007n.html#36 How to flush data most efficiently from memory to disk when db checkpoint?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007n.html#6 Is Parallel Programming Just Too Hard?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007i.html#27 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007b.html#57 "The Elements of Programming Style"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#36 Multiple mappings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005s.html#33 Power5 and Cell, new issue of IBM Journal of R&D
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005r.html#27 transactional memory question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005o.html#22 help understand disk managment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005o.html#21 help understand disk managment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005n.html#20 Why? (Was: US Military Dead during Iraq War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005j.html#26 IBM Plugs Big Iron to the College Crowd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003o.html#49 Any experience with "The Last One"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#54 Filesystems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#8 IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003c.html#50 Filesystems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003c.html#49 Filesystems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#59 JFSes: are they really needed?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#58 JFSes: are they really needed?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

US Auto Industry

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: US Auto Industry
Date: 22 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
... and GM acquired EDS? Other trivia: In the 70s quotas on foreign imports because US companies were loosing lots of money and the quotas was to give them huge profits that were supposed to be used to completely remake themselves. Early 80s, articles that they should have 100% tax on their profits (from the import quotas) because they were just pocketing the money and continued business as usual.

1990, there was auto C4 task force to look at (finally) look at completely remaking themselves and they were planning on heavily leveraging tech and so invited reps from major tech companies to participate ... and I was one of the reps from IBM. They could accurately described what the foreign companies were doing right and what they needed to do to change. One of the examples was process took 7-8yrs from design to rolling off the line ... with two projects running in parallel offset 3-4yrs to look something new happening more often (with minor cosmetic changes in the off-change years). The foreign companies had cut that in half (3-4yrs) and were in process of cutting it in half again (18-24m) ... able to react more quickly to changing technology and/or customer preferences.

One of the prime examples was corvette with tight space tolerances under the "skin" ...in the 8yrs from design to rolling off the line (and the spin-off of parts division) ... parts had changed and no longer fit in the original design ... and they had to have costly redesign and further delays. ... trivia offline, I chided the mainframe rep how did he expect to contribute since they had some of the same problems.

In any case, roll forwarded to the economic mess and US makers needed bailout (and still hopes that they could completely remake themselves).

C4 taskforce posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#auto.c4.taskforce

We were also doing HA/CMP product (originally named high availability RS/6000, HA/6000, I had renamed when started doing technical/scientific cluster scale-up with national labs and commercial cluster scale-up with RDBMS vendors). Had a meeting with GM/EDS people where they mentioned that they were moving off SNA. A couple weeks later had a meeting in Raleigh and mentioned the GM/EDS decision and they kept swearing it wasn't so. Finally they left the room and then came back and said it was true, but it didn't matter because GM had already spent their budget for the year on SNA (before the decision, they weren't going to worry about the following years).

HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Transaction Memory

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Transaction Memory
Date: 23 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#43 Transaction Memory

Capability-based security
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capability-based_security

topic drift trivia: TYMSHARE had developed a capability-based IBM mainframe operating system in the 70s ... GNOSIS. As part of the later MD purchasing TYMSHARE, I was brought in to audit GNOSIS as part of its spinoff to Key Logic (got deep into design and implementation)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOSIS
KeyKOS (at upenn, gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20160104201125/http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~KeyKOS/

Later Key Logic did some optimization and redid TPF applications for KeyKOS and on the same 370 hardware demonstrated KeyKOS had higher throughput than TPF (in part higher level abstraction allows better scale-up optimization by the system).

Also ports to other hardware platforms:
https://web.archive.org/web/20151222215935/http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~eros/
https://web.archive.org/web/20151220012715/http://www.eros-os.org/

... "having higher throughput than TPF" on same hardware ... as compared to Rochester claimed to have done a Future System simplification for S/38 ... one of the final nails in FS coffin was analysis by the Houston Scientific Center ... that if some 370/195 applications (Eastern System/One ACP/TPF) were ported to FS machine made out of fastest available hardware technology, it would have the throughput of 370/145 (about a factor of ten times slow down).

FS posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

some GNOSIS/KeyKOS posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#71 book review: Broad Band: The Untold Story of the Women Who Made the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#100 CMSBACK, ADSM, TSM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#98 CMSBACK, ADSM, TSM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#19 Big Blue's big email blues signal terminal decline - unless it learns to migrate itself
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#27 Someone Else's Computer: The Prehistory of Cloud Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#25 Rust in peace: Memory bugs in C and C++ code cause security issues so Microsoft is considering alternatives once again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#33 IBM Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#77 Douglas Engelbart, the forgotten hero of modern computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#95 The (broken) economics of OSS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#24 1963 Timesharing: A Solution to Computer Bottlenecks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#41 TYMSHARE @ CHM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#61 Typesetting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#76 Mainframe operating systems?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#41 What are mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#60 [EXTERNAL] ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#59 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#100 Trump to sign cyber security order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#28 {wtf} Tymshare SuperBasic Source Code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#110 Tymshare sold to McDonnell Douglas
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#107 some computer and online history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#12 What Would Be Your Ultimate Computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#29 1976 vs. 2016?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#43 [Poll] Computing favorities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#82 Miniskirts and mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#53 transactions, was There Is Still Hope
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#40 Named Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#53 The mainframe turns 50, or, why the IBM System/360 launch was the dawn of enterprise IT
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#44 [CM] Ten recollections about the early WWW and Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#39 [CM] Ten recollections about the early WWW and Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#84 CPU time

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Transaction Memory

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Transaction Memory
Date: 23 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#43 Transaction Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#45 Transaction Memory

370/145 was about 300kips ... 370/195 optimized was 10MIPs but most codes ran around 5MIPs because conditional branches drained the pipeline ... so ten times was fairly conservative ...

trivia: I got asked to help with hyperthreading 195 ... simulating two processors ... two simulated processors running at 5MIPs would keep 10MIP pipeline busy ... never got very far because there was no practical way of retrofitting 195 with virtual memory. hyperthreading referenced in end of acs/360 (executives afraid that it would advance the state of art too fast and IBM would loose control of the market)
https://people.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/acs_end.html

posts mentioning 195 hyperthread
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#28 IBM 370/195
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#62 IBM 370/195
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#73 Backwards compatibility
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#62 instruction clock speed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#80 BYTE Magazine Pentomino Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#46 Temporary Data Sets
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#39 360/95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#3 Is multiprocessing better then multithreading?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#44 Resurrected! Paul Allen's tech team brings 50-year-old supercomputer back from the dead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#7 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#65 Dinosaurisation of we oldies?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#110 Is there a source for detailed, instruction-level performance info?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#23 A Modest Proposal (for avoiding OOO)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#69 A New Performance Model ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#164 Slushware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#99 No Internet. No Microsoft Windows. No iPods. This Is What Tech Was Like In 1984
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#97 The SDS 92, its place in history?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#14 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#5 DEC Technical Journal on Bitsavers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#64 Optimization, CPU time, and related issues
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#62 Imprecise Interrupts and the 360/195
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#51 50,000 x86 operating system on single mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#53 Mainframe On Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#32 390 vector instruction set reuse, was 8-bit bytes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#73 Execution Velocity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009s.html#6 "Portable" data centers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009r.html#59 "Portable" data centers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006c.html#29 IBM 610 workstation computer

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM CSC, CMS\APL, IBM 2250, IBM 3277GA

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM CSC, CMS\APL, IBM 2250, IBM 3277GA
Date: 23 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
IBM Cambridge Science Center had done virtual machines (first CP40/CMS on 360/40 with hardware mods for virtual memory, which morphs into CP67/CMS when 360/67 standard w/virtual memory becomes available, precursor to VM370/CMS), internal network, etc. It also redid APL\360 for CMS\APL had to redo storage management for large demand page virtual memory (rather than 16kbyte workspacess), also added API for accessing system services, like file I/O ... being able to do "real world" applications. The Palo Alto science center then enhanced it for VM370/CMS as APL\CMS, also did 370/145 APL microcode assist (ran APL apps some ten times faster). The APL purists heavily criticized the API for system services and eventually responded with "shared variable" and APLSV.

There was a APL keyboard for the 3277 terminal ... transfer a couple hundred kbytes/sec ... and eventually the 3277GA option (a large Tektronix tube, 4015, wired into the side of 3277 display) ... sort of considered an inexpensive 2250 graphics display.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk%3AIBM_3270#3277_GA_information_is_incorrect
Tektronix 401x
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tektronix_4010

An APL system for interactive scientific-engineering graphics and data analysis
https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/800058.801082

Univ. in 60s. had 2250-1 (360 channel attached, $100k), I hacked Lincoln Labs' CMS 2250 library into the side of the CMS editor for fullscreen editor.

IBM CSC had 2250-4 (+1130, $100k) ... somebody had ported PDP1 space wars game to CSC 2250-4 (I'd periodically bring my kids in on weekends and let them play).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacewar!

IBM 2250
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_2250
http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/2250.html

HONE and/or APL posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The System

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: The System
Date: 24 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#24 The System: Who Rigged It, How We Fix It

The System
https://www.amazon.com/System-Who-Rigged-How-Fix-ebook/dp/B07Y7K7LJW/
pg72/loc867-72:
All the while, Dimon and the other Business Roundtable CEOs have kept their money flowing into the coffers of the Republican Party. Corporate money is vital to the GOP's continued existence. Had the CEOs threatened to cut off funding, Senate and House Republicans might have found the courage to stand up to Trump. History will show that the CEOs of America's largest corporations had the power to constrain the most dangerous, divisive, and anti-democratic president ever to occupy the Oval Office, but they chose not to use that power. One explanation for their complicity is that Trump's divisiveness is politically helpful to them. It keeps Americans fighting each other rather than discovering their common interest in fighting oligarchy.

pg91/loc1064-66:
the road to oligarchy has been paved by a relatively small number of hugely wealthy people with outsized influence over the rules of the game. For the last four decades they have used their growing power and wealth to alter the American system in ways that further enlarge their power and wealth, compounding and concentrating their dominance over the system.
... snip ...

... lots of articles over recent decades about the Oligarchs own both parties ... and the facade of conflict between the parties is purely Kabuki Theater to distract the public ... Kabuki Theater posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#kabuki.theater

recent posts mentioning Business Roundtable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#36 We've Structured Our Economy to Redistribute a Massive Amount of Income Upward
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#17 Jamie Dimon: Some Americans 'don't feel like going back to work'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#21 ESG Drives a Stake Through Friedman's Legacy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#25 Huawei 5G networks

Some Thoughts On the Business Roundtable's Statement of Corporate Purpose
https://www.realclearmarkets.com/articles/2020/02/05/some_thoughts_on_the_business_roundtables_statement_of_corporate_purpose_104069.html
The BRT has scrapped its longstanding view (since 1997) that "the paramount duty of management and of boards of directors is to the corporation's stockholders...The interests of other stakeholders are relevant as a derivative of the duty to stockholders." In its place, the BRT stipulates that U.S. companies should consider the interests of numerous stakeholders - including employees, customers, and communities in which the company operates, along with shareholders when making corporate decisions. Underlying the Roundtable's new view is its belief that companies have a social responsibility that transcends their role as producers of goods and services in a freely competitive economy.
... snip ...

some claims above was pure window dressing, Business Roundtable
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Roundtable
On August 19, 2019, BRT redefined its decades-old definition of the purpose of a corporation, replacing its bedrock principle that shareholder interests must be placed above all else, as defined in 1970 by conservative economist and Nobel economics laureate Milton Friedman[16] and promoted during the 1980s in the teachings and writings of economist Alfred Rappaport; the shareholder value theory was widely adopted in 20th century North American boardrooms.[17] The BRT statement, signed by nearly 200 chief executive officers from major U.S. corporations in 2019, makes a "fundamental commitment to all of our stakeholders," including customers, employees, suppliers and local communities.[18]
... snip ...

Modern Capitalism Needs a Revolution to Undo the Damage It Has Caused
https://time.com/6111683/capitalism-impact-investment-ronald-cohen/

capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
inequality posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality

also big overlap with financial lobbying, was Bankers Roundtable and then enlarged and renamed Financial Services Rountable
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_Policy_Institute
after passage of GLBA, and repeal of Glass-Steagal enabling too big to fail
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramm%E2%80%93Leach%E2%80%93Bliley_Act

past posts mentioning GLBA, Glass-Steagal, and/or Pecora Hearings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#Pecora&/orGlass-Steagall
too big to fail (too big to prosecute, too big to jail) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
economic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

VM/SP crashing all over the place

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: VM/SP crashing all over the place
Date: 25 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Melinda Varian's home page
http://www.leeandmelindavarian.com/Melinda#VMHist

from her VM history document at above (VM/SP becomes a new base with all the sepp/bsepp stuff):
At the same time, we started seeing the results of IBM's new commitment to VM. VM System Product Release 1 came out late in 1980. VM/SP1 combined all the [B]SEPP function into the new base and added an amazing collection of new function (amounting to more than 100,000 lines of new code): XEDIT, EXEC 2, IUCV, MIH, SUBCOM, MP support, and more.

.. also from above:
VM/SP1 was just amazingly buggy. The first year of SP1 was simply chaotic. The system had clearly been shipped before it was at all well tested, but the new function was so alluring that customers put it into production right away. So, CP was crashing all over the place; CMS was destroying minidisks right and left; the new PUT process was delaying the shipment of fixes; and tempers were flaring. When the great toolmaker Jim Bergsten produced a T-shirt that warned VM/SP is waiting for you, his supply sold out immediately.
... snip ...

... somewhere I may still have the t-shirt ... the "VM/SP is waiting for you" is underneath an image of a large dark vulture.

and part of the issue (as I've mentioned before) ... with the implosion of "Future System" ... and the mad rush to get stuff back into 370 product pipeline (internal politics during FS was killing off 370 activity, lack of new 370 also credited with giving 370 clone makers their market foothold) ... the head of POK manages to convince corporate to kill the VM370 product, shutdown the development group, and transfer all the people to work on MVS/XA (or supposedly MVS/XA wouldn't ship on time). Endicott manages to acquire the VM370 product mission, but has to reconstitute a development group from scratch.

future system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

past refs to Melinda's history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#77 IBM 370 and Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#68 MTS, 360/67, FS, Internet, SNA
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#0 IBM Lost Opportunities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#62 Virtual Machine Debugging
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#70 IBM Research, Adtech, Science Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#121 Virtualization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#67 Facebook Knows More About You Than the CIA
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#59 IBM 360/67
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#3 A crashing disappointment!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#86 IBM: Buying While Apathetaic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#28 Science Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#45 DEC introduces PDP-6 [was Re: IBM introduces System/360]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#71 A Computer That Never Was: the IBM 7095
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#44 VM/370 45th Birthday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#50 MVS vs HASP vs JES (was 2821)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#87 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#22 History of Mainframe Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#112 You count as an old-timer if (was Re: Origin of the phrase "XYZZY")
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#30 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#78 Mainframe Virtual Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#15 Dilbert ... oh, you must work for IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#90 IBM Embraces Virtual Memory -- Finally
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#57 The Stack Depth
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#52 The Stack Depth
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#47 The Stack Depth
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#39 Virtual Memory Management
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#40 OS/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#20 Do we really need 64-bit addresses or is 48-bit enough?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#33 Univac 90 series info posted on bitsavers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#108 PDP-11 architecture, was There Is Still Hope
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#99 IBM architecture, was Fifty Years of nitpicking definitions, was BASIC,theProgrammingLanguageT
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#23 [OT ] Mainframe memories
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#19 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#18 A Brief History of Cloud Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#45 Storage paradigm [was: RE: Data volumes]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#16 How about the old mainframe error messages that actually give you a clue about what's broken
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#9 IBM ad for Basic Operating System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#73 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#61 32760?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#8 OT: CPL on LCM systems [was Re: COBOL will outlive us all]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#21 A bit of IBM System 360 nostalgia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#73 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#16 Word Length
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#48 Word Length
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#16 5 Byte Device Addresses?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#98 5 Byte Device Addresses?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#2 IBM manual formats
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#48 Hello?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#14 John R. Opel, RIP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#39 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#32 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#63 Before the PC: IBM invents virtualisation (Cambridge skunkworks)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#69 IBM Mainframe (1980's) on You tube
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#8 Is the magic and romance killed by Windows (and Linux)?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#80 TSO Profile NUM and PACK
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#81 Multiple Virtual Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#39 1971PerformanceStudies - Typical OS/MFT 40/50/65s analysed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#35 Colossal Cave Adventure in PL/I
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#18 Melinda Varian's history page move
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#13 Rare Apple I computer sells for $216,000 in London
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#4 Rare Apple I computer sells for $216,000 in London
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#98 History of copy on write
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#76 Speed of Old Hard Disks - adcons
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#73 Speed of Old Hard Disks - adcons
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#72 Speed of Old Hard Disks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#64 Two terrific writers .. are going to write a book
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#44 CKD DASD
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#63 VMSHARE Archives
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#34 TCM's Moguls documentary series
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#18 Old EMAIL Index
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#2 TSS (Transaction Security System)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#76 What is the protocal for GMT offset in SMTP (e-mail) header
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#67 Article says mainframe most cost-efficient platform
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#51 Information on obscure text editors wanted
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#57 An Interview with Watts Humphrey, Part 6: The IBM 360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#13 An Interview with Watts Humphrey, Part 6: The IBM 360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#31 What was old is new again (water chilled)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010d.html#60 LPARs: More or Less?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#51 Source code for s/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009l.html#8 August 7, 1944: today is the 65th Anniversary of the Birth of the Computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#55 Hercules; more information requested
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#19 Timeline: The evolution of online communities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#13 System/360 Announcement (7apr64)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#32 Gone but not forgotten: 10 operating systems the world left behind
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#14 Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#41 Why do IBMers think disks are 'Direct Access'?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#35 Why do IBMers think disks are 'Direct Access'?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#67 IBM tried to kill VM?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#28 the Z/10 and timers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#8 Is SUN going to become x86'ed ??
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#71 Is SUN going to become x86'ed ??
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#48 New machine code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#16 What if the computers went back to the '70s too?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#14 What if the computers went back to the '70s too?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#62 Virtualization: What is it exactly?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#52 TOPS-10
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#78 Microsoft versus Digital Equipment Corporation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008d.html#15 more on (the new 40+ yr old) virtualization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#59 old internal network references
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007v.html#96 source for VAX programmers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#84 IBM Floating-point myths
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#79 IBM Floating-point myths
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#77 IBM Floating-point myths
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#23 T3 Sues IBM To Break its Mainframe Monopoly
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#18 Folklore references to CP67 at Lincoln Labs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#54 new 40+ yr old, disruptive technology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007s.html#50 Running REXX program in a batch job
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007s.html#29 Intel Ships Power-Efficient Penryn CPUs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007r.html#64 CSA 'above the bar'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007r.html#51 Translation of IBM Basic Assembler to C?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007o.html#41 Virtual Storage implementation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007m.html#60 Scholars needed to build a computer history bibliography
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007l.html#55 Scholars needed to build a computer history bibliography
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007k.html#47 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007k.html#43 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#43 z/VM usability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007i.html#14 when was MMU virtualization first considered practical?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#36 Wylbur and Paging
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007f.html#7 IBM S/360 series operating systems history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007d.html#52 CMS (PC Operating Systems)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007d.html#48 IBM S/360 series operating systems history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#42 vmshare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#22 Are hypervisors the new foundation for system software?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#16 intersection between autolog command and cmsback (more history)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#49 The Future of CPUs: What's After Multi-Core?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#44 1960s railroad data processing on L&N
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#24 CMSBACK
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#23 threads versus task
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#20 Why these original FORTRAN quirks?; Now : Programming practices
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006s.html#18 IDC: Virtual machines taking over the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006q.html#45 Was FORTRAN buggy?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006m.html#54 DCSS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006m.html#42 Why Didn't The Cent Sign or the Exclamation Mark Print?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006m.html#26 Mainframe Limericks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006m.html#25 Mainframe Limericks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006m.html#21 The very first text editor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#41 PDP-1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#32 PDP-1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#30 PDP-1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#29 PDP-1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#27 PDP-1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#9 Arpa address
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006i.html#30 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006i.html#22 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006h.html#55 History of first use of all-computerized typesetting?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006e.html#31 MCTS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006e.html#25 About TLB in lower-level caches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006e.html#12 About TLB in lower-level caches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006e.html#7 About TLB in lower-level caches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006e.html#6 About TLB in lower-level caches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006c.html#18 Change in computers as a hobbiest
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005u.html#47 The rise of the virtual machines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005s.html#21 MVCIN instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005o.html#4 Robert Creasy, RIP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005n.html#47 Anyone know whether VM/370 EDGAR is still available anywhere?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005n.html#45 Anyone know whether VM/370 EDGAR is still available anywhere?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005m.html#9 IBM's mini computers--lack thereof
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005k.html#49 Determining processor status without IPIs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005k.html#44 Book on computer architecture for beginners
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005k.html#18 Question about Dungeon game on the PDP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005k.html#8 virtual 360/67 support in cp67
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005k.html#5 IBM/Watson autobiography--thoughts on?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005j.html#41 TSO replacement?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005j.html#39 A second look at memory access alignment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005j.html#25 IBM Plugs Big Iron to the College Crowd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005i.html#30 Status of Software Reuse?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005e.html#57 System/360; Hardwired vs. Microcoded
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005.html#5 [Lit.] Buffer overruns
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004q.html#58 CAS and LL/SC (was Re: High Level Assembler for MVS & VM & VSE)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#45 Integer types for 128-bit addressing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004n.html#4 RISCs too close to hardware?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004m.html#30 Shipwrecks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004l.html#26 CTSS source online
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004k.html#51 Xah Lee's Unixism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004k.html#49 Xah Lee's Unixism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004d.html#33 someone looking to donate IBM magazines and stuff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004d.html#9 IBM 360 memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004c.html#61 IBM 360 memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004c.html#11 40yrs, science center, feb. 1964
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004c.html#9 TSS/370 binary distribution now available
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003m.html#34 SR 15,15 was: IEFBR14 Problems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003m.html#31 SR 15,15 was: IEFBR14 Problems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003m.html#4 IBM Manuals from the 1940's and 1950's
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003l.html#41 Secure OS Thoughts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003l.html#30 Secure OS Thoughts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003k.html#48 Who said DAT?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003j.html#45 Hand cranking telephones
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003j.html#14 A Dark Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#58 40th Anniversary of IBM System/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#31 Lisp Machines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#66 History of project maintenance tools -- what and when?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003b.html#2 Disk drives as commodities. Was Re: Yamhill
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003b.html#0 Disk drives as commodities. Was Re: Yamhill
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002q.html#47 myths about Multics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#78 Newsgroup cliques?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#31 Over-the-shoulder effect
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#27 why does wait state exist?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#0 additional pictures of the 6180
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#20 Vnet : Unbelievable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#29 Computers in Science Fiction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#73 Coulda, Woulda, Shoudda moments?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#36 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#48 flags, procedure calls, opinions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#43 Hardest Mistake in Comp Arch to Fix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002d.html#4 IBM Mainframe at home
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#44 cp/67 (coss-post warning)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#39 VAX, M68K complex instructions (was Re: Did Intel Bite Off More Than It Can Chew?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#46 ... the need for a Museum of Computer Software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#45 IBM 5100 [Was: First DESKTOP Unix Box?]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#6 Microcode?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#67 Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#47 TSS/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#44 Call for folklore - was Re: So it's cyclical.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#24 mainframe question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#39 IBM OS Timeline?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#34 IBM OS Timeline?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#32 IBM OS Timeline?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#57 Whom Do Programmers Admire Now???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#46 Whom Do Programmers Admire Now???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#10 VM: checking some myths.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#9 VM: checking some myths.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#69 line length (was Re: Babble from "JD" <dyson@jdyson.com>)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#21 First OS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#2 TSS ancient history, was X86 ultimate CISC? designs)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#78 TSS ancient history, was X86 ultimate CISC? designs)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#59 360 Architecture, Multics, ... was (Re: X86 ultimate CISC? No.)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#53 360 Architecture, Multics, ... was (Re: X86 ultimate CISC? No.)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#30 OT?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#47 Charging for time-share CPU time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#61 VM (not VMS or Virtual Machine, the IBM sort)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#89 Ux's good points.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#82 Ux's good points.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#81 Ux's good points.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#52 Correct usage of "Image" ???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#43 Historically important UNIX or computer things.....
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#1 Computer of the century
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#237 I can't believe this newsgroup still exists
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#177 S/360 history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#142 OS/360 (and descendants) VM system?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#126 Dispute about Internet's origins
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#13 S/360 operating systems geneaology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#10 OS with no distinction between RAM a
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm28.htm#4 Death of antivirus software imminent

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

VM/SP crashing all over the place

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: VM/SP crashing all over the place
Date: 25 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#49 VM/SP crashing all over the place

Other history, 23Jun1969 unbundling announcement started to charge for SE services, maint, (application) software (but made the case that operating system/kernel software should still be free). With the rise of 370 clone processors during FS and then the implosion of FS and return to a 370 strategy, the decision was made to transition to charging for kernel software (initially just new kernel software that didn't directly involve hardware support). Now one of my hobbies after joining IBM was enhanced production operating systems for internal datacenters ... and some that software was selected to be packaged for the guinea pig transition for kernel software charging (and I had to spend a lot of time with lawyers and business planners), originally for VM370 Release 3. By VM370 Release 6 had two charged for add-on packages, SEPP & BSEPP ... the free base system release plus add-ons were merged for charged for VM/SP1. A year later there is VM/HPO (VM/SP plus for POK machines). Also starting about this time are the OCO-wars ... transition to "object code only" (no more shipping source) ... some of the comments about code quality and OCO-wars can be found in VMSHARE archive (started Aug1976, predating modern social media)
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare

VM/HPO multiprocessor support is "enhanced" for increasing performance of TPF-guest virtual machine ... but degrades the performance for almost all other multiprocessor customers (also see some of this in VMSHARE archives)

23Jun1969 unbundling posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundle
multiprocessor support posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp

TPF-guest changes was specifically to address that the new 3081 was initially a multiprocessor only machine and TPF didn't have multiprocessor support (but could run in a virtual machine on 3081). Some recent posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#66 IBM ACP/TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#78 IBM ACP/TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#77 IBM ACP/TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#75 IBM ITPS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#90 Was E-mail a Mistake? The mathematics of distributed systems suggests that meetings might be better
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#70 the wonders of SABRE, was Magnetic Drum reservations 1952
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#39 'Bipartisanship' Is Dead in Washington
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#44 IBM Powerpoint sales presentations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#66 ACP/TPF 3083
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#39 WA State frets about Boeing brain drain, but it's already happening
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#23 IBM Recruiting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#74 Airline Reservation System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#72 Airline Reservation System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#29 IBM History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#44 IBM 9020
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#80 TCM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#22 Online Computer Conferencing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#13 Tandem Memo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#77 How many years ago?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#38 long-winded post thread, 3033, 3081, Future System

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

VM/SP crashing all over the place

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: VM/SP crashing all over the place
Date: 25 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#49 VM/SP crashing all over the place
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#50 VM/SP crashing all over the place

some old email exchange w/Melinda

1) I had archived tape with decade of stuff starting late 60s ... triple replicated in the research tape library. The original multi-level source update process was done mostly with iterative execs for project with Endicott to add virtual 370 machines (with unnounced virtual memory) support to CP/67 running on 360/67. Melinda asks if I have a copy of the original implementation. I pull it off and send her a copy. A few months later (after Almaden move), Almaden datacenter was having severe operational problems including mounting random tapes as "scratch" ... I lost a dozen tapes ... included all three copies of decade of CP67 and early VM370.

Date: Sun, 8 Sep 1985 14:10:41 EDT
From: Melinda Varian <MAINT@PUCC>
To: Lynn Wheeler <WHEELER@SJRLVM1>

<<< thanks for sending original multi-level source update code >>>

... snip ... top of post, old email index

... note: CP loader was unmodified BPS LOADER. As undergraduate, before I joined IBM, I ran into a great deal of problems implementing pageable kernel for CP67 ... breaking >4kbyte routines into 4kbyte pieces and adding lots of new entry points ... exceeding the BPS LOADER limit of 255 entry points. After joining IBM, I found a source copy of the BPS LOADER in a card cabinet in a storage room ... and was able to start making modifications.

Date: 09/09/85 07:58:09
To: MAINT@PUCC
From: WHEELER@SJRLVM1

re: loader: cp & cms loader started out with almost exact base. Since update log are invalid loader cards ... they show up as "invalid" messages. There is also an 80X80 cp nucleus on the same tape if you want to try it.

re: auxfiles; i don't have any recollection of when auxfiles first appeared ... i believe it might have been out of the cms group ... Tom Rosato might be aware of the details ... possibly by the same person that later pulled all the CNTRL function into UPDATE.

... snip ... top of post, old email index

2) I had HSDT project ... T1 and faster computer links ... and was working with NSF director and was suppose to get $20M to interconnect the NSF supercomputer centers and had some discussion with Melinda about PUCC ... congress cuts the budget, some other things happen and then RFP is released (in part based on what we already had running). Internal politicts prevent us from bidding ... NSF Director tries to help writing the company a letter 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO), with support from other agencies, but that just makes the internal politics worse. Preliminary Announcement (28Mar1986)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#12
The OASC has initiated three programs: The Supercomputer Centers Program to provide Supercomputer cycles; the New Technologies Program to foster new supercomputer software and hardware developments; and the Networking Program to build a National Supercomputer Access Network - NSFnet.
... snip ...

as regional networks connect in, it becomes the NSFNET backbone, precursor to modern internet
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/401444/grid-computing/

Date: 04/04/86 13:18:06
To: MAINT@PUCC
From: WHEELER@ALMVMA

is your location connected to the super-computer center? I'm trying to see how many of the proposed nodes on the super-computer backbone network have VM systems (at least nearby) and level programming difficulty I may have putting it all together and talking to them from LSG.

... snip ... top of post, old email index

Date: Mon, 7 Apr 1986 12:20:32 EST
From: Melinda Varian <MAINT@PUCC>
To: Lynn Wheeler <WHEELER@ALMVMA>

<<< lots of stuff about CYBER 205 hasn't been installed yet, but lots of stuff planned for Princeton Supercomputer center >>>

<<< ending with: "Thank you very much for your recent notes about hungusers. I am still struggling with the problem" >>>

... snip ... top of post, old email index

Note: in the original migration from CP67->VM370 product, there was lots of code dropped and/or greatly simplified. When I originally started migrating to VM370 Release 2, there were enormous number of system failures and/or hung users. One of the first things I had to port was the CP67 kernel serialization which eliminated most of those system failures and all of the hung/zombie users. Over the years, there were periodic new VM370 serialization problems ... which I might get around to tracking down and refixing.

science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
HSDT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
NSFNET posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The System

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: The System
Date: 25 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#24 The System: Who Rigged It, How We Fix It
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#48 The System

posts mentioning capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
posts mentioning inequality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality

The System, pg95/loc1117-20:
They are (1) the shift in corporate governance from stakeholder to shareholder capitalism, (2) the shift in bargaining power from large unions to giant corporations, and (3) the unleashing of the financial power of Wall Street. Each of these power shifts began when a few clever people discovered ways to exploit the system. They succeeded by using their wealth and power to alter laws and rules that had previously prevented such exploitation.

pg97/loc1122-23:
chapter 8 From Stakeholder to Shareholder Capitalism

pg102/loc1185-90:
In 1981, the Business Roundtable formally adopted a resolution noting that although shareholders should receive a good return, "the legitimate concerns of other constituencies must have appropriate attention." But starting in the 1980s, as a result of the takeovers mounted by Icahn and a few other raiders such as Michael Milken and Ivan Boesky, a wholly different understanding about the purpose of the corporation emerged. The system changed profoundly. Raiders targeted companies that could deliver higher returns to shareholders mainly by abandoning their other stakeholders—increasing profits by fighting unions, cutting workers' pay or firing them, automating as many jobs as possible, abandoning their communities by shuttering factories and moving jobs to states with lower labor costs, or simply moving them abroad.
... snip ...

other recent posts mentioning Business Roundtable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#36 We've Structured Our Economy to Redistribute a Massive Amount of Income Upward
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#17 Jamie Dimon: Some Americans 'don't feel like going back to work'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#21 ESG Drives a Stake Through Friedman's Legacy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#25 Huawei 5G networks

False Profits: Reviving the Corporation's Public Purpose
https://www.uclalawreview.org/false-profits-reviving-the-corporations-public-purpose/
I Origins of the Corporation. Although the corporate structure dates back as far as the Greek and Roman Empires, characteristics of the modern corporation began to appear in England in the mid-thirteenth century.[4] "Merchant guilds" were loose organizations of merchants "governed through a council somewhat akin to a board of directors," and organized to "achieve a common purpose"[5] that was public in nature. Indeed, merchant guilds registered with the state and were approved only if they were "serving national purposes."[6]
... snip ...

The System, pg103/loc1203-5:
Between 1981, when Jack Welch took the helm at GE, and 2001, when he retired, GE's stock value catapulted from $13 billion to $500 billion. Welch accomplished this largely by slashing American jobs and abandoning the communities GE had been rooted in.
... snip ...

Posts mentioning Welch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#11 General Electric Breaks Up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#18 Whatever Happened to Six Sigma?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#6 Financial Engineering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#49 Whatever Happened to Six Sigma?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#33 Boeing's travails show what's wrong with modern capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#21 Financial Engineering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#83 Economists and the Powerful: Convenient Theories, Distorted Facts, Ample Rewards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#81 What Lies Beyond Capitalism And Socialism?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#10 Xerox company sold
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#3 Xerox company sold
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#2 GE's $31 billion pension nightmare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#108 GE's $31 billion pension nightmare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#19 In Praise of Hierarchy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#46 How Economists Turned Corporations into Predators
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#14 How to spot a dodgy company - never trust a high achiever
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#40 I Feel Old
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#7 I Feel Old
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#3 I Feel Old
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#123 IBM retirement fund
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#59 IBM Data Processing Center and Pi
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#147 LEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#84 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#51 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#50 IBM Furloughs U.S. Hardware Employees to Reduce Costs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#33 Management Secrets From Inside GE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#77 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#66 Predator GE: We Bring Bad Things to Life
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#62 Why Is Finance So Big?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#77 Age of Greed: The Triumph of Finance and the Decline of America, 1970 to the Present
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#45 You may ask yourself, well, how did I get here?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#26 realtors (and GM, too!)

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Mainframe

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Mainframe
Date: 26 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
1980, STL was bursting at seams and they were moving 300 people from IMS DBMS group to offsite bldg with service back to STL datacenter. They tried "remote 3270" and found human factors totally unacceptable. I get con'ed into doing channel-extender support, placing channel-attached 3270 controllers at the offsite bldg ... with no human factors difference offsite and in STL. Hardware vendor tries to get IBM to let them ship my support, but there is group in POK playing with some serial stuff that gets it vetoed (they were afraid if it was in the market, it would be harder to get their stuff released).

channel extender posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#channel.extender

In 1988, I'm asked to help LLNL (national lab) standardize some serial stuff they are playing with, which quickly becomes Fibre Channel Standard (including some stuff I had done in 1980) ... at the time 1gbit full-duplex (2gbit aggregate or 200mbyte/sec). Finally in 1990, the POK people get their stuff released with ES/9000 as ESCON when it is already obsolete (17mbyte/sec).

Later some POK people become involved with FCS and define a heavy weight protocol that radically reduces the native throughput which eventually ships as FICON. Most recent published benchmark i can find is "peak I/O" for z196 that got 2M IOPS using 104 FICON (running over 104 fibre channel standard). At the time, a FCS was announced for E5-2600 blade server (that had 10 times the processing of max configured z196) claiming over million IOPS (two such FCS with higher throughput than 104 FICON running over 104 FCS). Since then the processing power has widened (gotten greater) between (commodity) blades and max. configured mainframe models (at the time, max configured z196 also cost about $600,000/BIPS processing, while cloud E5-2600 was around $1/BIPS processing). Also CKD disks haven't been manufactured for decades, all being simulated on industry standard fixed-block disks (i.e. CKD simulation slower than using the disks in native mode, FICON simulation slower than using FCS in native mode). The drastic reduction in server system costs has also enabled provisioning with large number of extra idle systems, available for instant on-demand.

FICON posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon

One of the points is their sever blade systems have gotten so inexpensive, that power use is increasingly a major cost ... and chip processing power efficiency improvements easily justifies constantly upgrading to latest generation of blades (with the latest generation chips) ... every couple years upgrade a half million plus blades in every megadatacenter. Also blade servers (in part because they are so inexpensive) aren't typically configured with large number of disk arms. A large cloud operation will have a dozen or more megadatacenters around the world, each with over half million or more blade servers ... each ten times or more the processing of max configured mainframe ... and enormous automation, megadatacenter can be staffed with less than 100 people.

megadatacenter posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#megadatacenter

trivia: original SQL/relational implementation was System/R done on vm/370 370/145 at san jose reseach. As corporation was preoccupied with the next great "EAGLE" DBMS (follow-on to IMS), we were able to do technology transfer to Endicott for SQL/DS. Then when "EAGLE" implodes, they ask how fast could it be transferred to MVS ... which is eventually released as DB2, originally for decision/support only. The last product we worked on at IBM was HA/CMP (originally HA/6000, but I renamed it HA/CMP (High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing) when doing technical/scientific cluster scale-up with the national labs and commercial cluster scale-up with the other RDBMS vendors (oracle, sybase, informix, and ingres) ... constantly being hassled by mainframe DB2 group complaining about being years ahead of them.

System/R posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

other trivia: back in the 60s, working on CP/67 (precursor to VM370), as part of leaving it up 7x24 "on-demand" online dail-up use ... a great deal of work went into cost reduce. Part of it was "dark room" operation with no humans present. also at the time IBM rented/leased mainframes that were charged based on "system meter" that ran whenever any processor or channel was operational. Came up with I/O operations that let channel go idle ... but system would immediately be running whenever any characters were arriving. Note that all processors and channels had to be idle for at least 400ms before "system meter" would stop. Long after IBM switched to selling mainframes, MVS still had a 400ms timer event that would make sure that any "system meter" would never stop.

online time-sharing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#timeshare

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

System Availability

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: System Availability
Date: 27 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
IBM CSC posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech

Second half 70s, HONE started a pattern where a successful branch manager was promoted to DPD hdqtrs executive for organization that included HONE ... and were horrified to find out that HONE was all VM370 (and not MVS) ... and figured that they would make their carear by moving all of HONE to an MVS base. They would assign nearly all the people to an MVS conversion ... after a year, it was apparent that it couldn't be done, declared a success, the executive promoted, another succesful branch manager is promoted to the position ... and the process was repeated. After going through a number of these cycles, it is was finally decided that it wasn't possible to convert HONE to MVS, because HONE was running my enhanced production operating system. The strategy was then to force HONE to convert to vanilla VM/370 product (which then would make it easier to convert to MVS) .... "what happens if Lynn was hit by a bus?", what is HONE's backup recovery plan, there are no bureaucratic infrastructure (supporting Lynn's systems), no MOUs, etc.

HONE posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone

Note: Jim Gray had left IBM Research for Tandem ... and wrote paper on studies of availability outages, system hardware was becoming so reliable that people mistakes and environment (floods, earthquakes, etc) were becoming major factor .... overview from 1984
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/grayft84.pdf
85 paper, Why Do Computers Stop and What Can Be Done About It? (gone 404 but lives on at wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20080724051051/http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~yelick/294-f00/papers/Gray85.txt
other recent refs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#19 A brief overview of IBM's new 7 nm Telum mainframe CPU
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#92 Anti-virus

The last product we worked on at IBM was HA/CMP (originally HA/6000, but I renamed it HA/CMP (High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing) when doing technical/scientific cluster scale-up with the national labs and commercial cluster scale-up with the other RDBMS vendors (oracle, sybase, informix, and ingres) ... constantly being hassled by mainframe DB2 group complaining about being years ahead of them. We spent a lot of time studying system availability issues. While out HA/CMP marketing, I had coined terms disaster survivability and geographic survivability ... and was asked to write a section for the corporate continuous availability strategy document ... but then the section got pulled because both rochester (as/400) and POK (mvs/mainframe) complained that they couldn't meet the goals. Late in Jan1992, cluster scale-up is transferred and we are told we couldn't work on anything with more than four processors ... and cluster scale-up is announced as IBM supercomputer for technical/scientific *ONLY* ... we leave IBM a few months later.

A couple years after left, we are told that HA/CMP was IBM's 2nd highest earning "software" product ... even withoug credit for the related hardware.

HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
disaster/geographic survivaility, continuous availability posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#available

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

System Availability

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: System Availability
Date: 27 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#54 System Availability

Not long later, we are brought in as consultants for a small client/server startup, two former Oracle people (we had worked with on commercial scale-up) are there responsible for something called commerce server and they wanted to do financial transactions on the server, the startup had also invited some technology they called "SSL" they wanted to use ... it is now frequently called electronic commerce. I had responsibility internet transactions from webservers to payment networks and defined multiple locations with multiple (physically different) connections into major Internet hubs. Then used the same requirements for high availability recommendations for web servers.

some recent commerce server posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#55 ESnet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#42 IBM Business School Cases
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#10 System Availability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#74 WEB Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#56 Hacking, Exploits and Vulnerabilities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#16 The Rise of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#68 Online History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#90 IBM Innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#85 Dail-up banking and the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#70 Life After IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#43 Dialup Online Banking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#19 What is a mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#24 Microsoft says mandatory password changing is "ancient and obsolete"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#19 Before Netscape: The forgotten Web browsers of the early 1990s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#11 mainframe hacking "success stories"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#5 mainframe hacking "success stories"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#100 mainframe hacking "success stories"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#97 Journey from Idea to Practice: Internetworking and Protocols
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#66 IBM Tumbles After Reporting Worst Revenue In 17 Years As Cloud Hits Air Pocket
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#74 21 random but totally appropriate ways to celebrate the World Wide Web's 30th birthday

Long ago and far away, as undergraduate in the 60s, I took two (semester) hr into to computers/fortran, then within a year was hired by univ fulltime responsible for mainframe systems. Then before I graduate, was hired fulltiime into a small group in the Boeing CFO office to help with formation. of Boeing Computer Services (consolidate all dataprocessing into independent business unit to better monetise the investment, including offering services to non-Boeing entities). I thot Renton datacenter was possibly largest in the world, $200M-$300M in 360s, 360/65s arriving faster than they could be installed, boxes constantly staged in hallways around the machine room. Disaster plan was to replicate Renton at the new 747 plant at Paine Field (scenario was Mt. Rainier heats up and the resulting mud slide would take out the Renton datacenter, the cost to Boeing being w/o Renton during recovery, was greater than the cost of a duplicate Renton datacenter).

some recent posts mentioning Boeing Computer Services
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#63 IBM 360s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#89 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#6 The Kill Chain: Defending America in the Future of High-Tech Warfare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#64 WWII Pilot Barrel Rolls Boeing 707
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#46 Dynamic Adaptive Resource Management
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#39 iBM System/3 FORTRAN for engineering/science work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#6 IBM 370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#78 The Long-Forgotten Flight That Sent Boeing Off Course
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#57 "Hollywood model" for dealing with engineers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#80 Amdahl
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#54 Learning PDP-11 in 2021
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#2 Colours on screen (mainframe history question)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#62 Early Computer Use
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#5 Availability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#78 Interactive Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#41 CADAM & Catia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#32 IBM TSS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#29 Online Computer Conferencing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#10 "This Plane Was Designed By Clowns, Who Are Supervised By Monkeys"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#153 At Boeing, C.E.O.'s Stumbles Deepen a Crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#151 OT: Boeing to temporarily halt manufacturing of 737 MAX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#60 IBM 360/67
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#80 TCM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#51 System/360 consoles
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#54 IBM bureaucracy

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Lick Observatory

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Lick Observatory
Date: 27 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Lick Observatory
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lick_Observatory

We were doing HSDT project (T1 and faster computer links, both terrestrial and satellite) and was working with the NSF Director and was suppose to get $20M to interconnect the NSF supercomputer centers. Along the way we were giving presentations at various univ with current/expected supercomputing centers ... including Berkeley. NSF gives UC $120 for UCB supercomputer center ... but the UC regents bldg plan has the next new bldg for San Diego ... and it becomes the San Diego Supercomputer Center. In any case, because of the HSDT pitches, we also get asked to see if can help the "Berkeley 10M" ... which is also working on CCDs as part of transition from film to CCD ... and is doing some technology testing up at Lick (1983) ... so we make some number of trips up to Lick. It is targeted for Mauna Kea and they are looking at remote viewing at the base of the mountain and possible from the mainland (altitude sickness, travel, etc). They then get a $80M grant from the Keck foundation and it becomes the "Keck 10M"
https://www.keckobservatory.org/

... topic drift, then congress cuts the NSF budget, some other things happen, and finally an RFP is released (in part based on what we already had running). Internal politicts prevent us from bidding ... NSF Director tries to help writing the company a letter 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO), with support from other agencies, but that just makes the internal politics worse. Preliminary Announcement (28Mar1986)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#12
The OASC has initiated three programs: The Supercomputer Centers Program to provide Supercomputer cycles; the New Technologies Program to foster new supercomputer software and hardware developments; and the Networking Program to build a National Supercomputer Access Network - NSFnet.
... snip ...

as regional networks connect in, it becomes the NSFNET backbone, precursor to modern internet
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/401444/grid-computing/

HSDT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
NSFNET posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet

Past posts mentioning Berkeley/Keck 10M
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#61 IBM HSDT & HA/CMP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#60 IBM CEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#25 Too much for one lifetime? :-)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#88 5 milestones that created the internet, 50 years after the first network message
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#50 Hawaii governor gives go ahead to build giant telescope on sacred Native volcano
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#47 Astronomy topic drift
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#33 Cluster Systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#71 Is LINUX the inheritor of the Earth?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#22 A Tea Party Movement to Overhaul the Constitution Is Quietly Gaining
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#76 George Lucas reveals his plan for Star Wars 7 through 9--and it was awful
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#89 Earth's atmosphere just crossed another troubling climate change threshold
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#51 Stopping the Internet of noise
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#71 Under Hawaii's Starriest Skies, a Fight Over Sacred Ground
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#97 power supplies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#19 Spaceshot: 3,200-megapixel camera for powerful cosmos telescope moves forward
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#50 Revamped PDP-11 in Honolulu or maybe Santa Fe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#76 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#8 We're About to Lose Net Neutrality -- And the Internet as We Know It
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#86 OT: Physics question and Star Trek
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#10 Slackware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#58 Other early NSFNET backbone
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#24 Program Work Method Question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#55 TV Big Bang 10/12/09
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009m.html#85 ATMs by the Numbers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009m.html#82 ATMs by the Numbers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008f.html#80 A Super-Efficient Light Bulb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#30 What do YOU call the # sign?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007c.html#50 How many 36-bit Unix ports in the old days?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007c.html#20 How many 36-bit Unix ports in the old days?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#12 Ranking of non-IBM mainframe builders?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005l.html#9 Jack Kilby dead

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

System Availability

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: System Availability
Date: 27 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#54 System Availability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#55 System Availability

... after leaving IBM, Postel (internet standards editor)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon_Postel

would let me help with the periodically (re-)released STD1. He also sponsors my talk on "Why Internet Isn't Business Critical Dataprocessing" ... based on the compensating processes I had to do for payment transactions (at small client/server startup) as well as countermeasures for fraud and security attacks (including some tweaks I needed for "SSL").
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netscape

a few past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#55 ESnet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#74 WEB Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#56 Hacking, Exploits and Vulnerabilities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#16 The Rise of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#100 mainframe hacking "success stories"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#23 MVS vs HASP vs JES (was 2821)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#10 The real story of how the Internet became so vulnerable

internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet

I also had a talk on it takes 4-10 times the original effort to turn a well designed and application into a "service" ... aka "high availability"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#available

some specific past posts mentioning the 4-10 times:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#10 System Availability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#13 Resilience and Sustainability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#42 Tech: we didn't mean for it to turn out like this
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#18 progress in e-mail, such as AOL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#23 MVS vs HASP vs JES (was 2821)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#27 History of Mainframe Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#16 The real story of how the Internet became so vulnerable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#10 The real story of how the Internet became so vulnerable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#146 LEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#117 Are we programmed to stop at the 'first' right answer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#86 Economic Failures of HTTPS Encryption
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#13 Before the Internet: The golden age of online services
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#31 DRAM is the new Bulk Core
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#44 Faster, Better, Cheaper: Why Not Pick All Three?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#67 Somewhat off-topic: comp-arch.net cloned, possibly hacked
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#27 PDCA vs. OODA
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#60 Far and near pointers on the 80286 and later
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#16 Far and near pointers on the 80286 and later
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#0 Is SUN going to become x86'ed ??
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008p.html#48 How much knowledge should a software architect have regarding software security?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#35 Builders V. Breakers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#20 Michigan industry
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#33 Mainframe Project management
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008e.html#53 Why Is Less Than 99.9% Uptime Acceptable?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008e.html#50 fraying infrastructure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008e.html#41 IBM announced z10 ..why so fast...any problem on z 9
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007v.html#53 folklore indeed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007p.html#54 Industry Standard Time To Analyze A Line Of Code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007o.html#23 Outsourcing loosing steam?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007n.html#77 PSI MIPS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007n.html#76 PSI MIPS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007n.html#10 The top 10 dead (or dying) computer skills
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007h.html#78 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#51 IBM to the PCM market(the sky is falling!!!the sky is falling!!)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007f.html#37 Is computer history taught now?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006n.html#20 The System/360 Model 20 Wasn't As Bad As All That
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005n.html#26 Data communications over telegraph circuits
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005i.html#42 Development as Configuration
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005b.html#40 [Lit.] Buffer overruns
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004p.html#64 Systems software versus applications software definitions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004p.html#63 Systems software versus applications software definitions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004p.html#23 Systems software versus applications software definitions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004l.html#49 "Perfect" or "Provable" security both crypto and non-crypto?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004k.html#20 Vintage computers are better than modern crap !
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004b.html#48 Automating secure transactions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004b.html#8 Mars Rover Not Responding
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003p.html#37 The BASIC Variations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003j.html#15 A Dark Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#62 IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#11 Wanted: the SOUNDS of classic computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#93 Buffer overflow
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#91 Buffer overflow
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#75 Test and Set (TS) vs Compare and Swap (CS)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm27.htm#48 If your CSO lacks an MBA, fire one of you
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm25.htm#37 How the Classical Scholars dropped security from the canon of Computer Science

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Card Associations

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Card Associations
Date: 27 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Originally, card associations put in networks to interconnect merchant processing datacenters with "issuing" (consumer) processing datacenters. Over the years, with consolidations and outsourcing, turn of century there was six datacenters that accounted for 90% off all (US) credit card transactions, which were directly connected and traffic didn't flow over card association networks ... however, the card associations were still charging all institutions an interchange network fee for every transactions ... even tho nearly all transactions didn't flow over any of the card association networks.

In the 2nd half of 90s, predictions was that cellphone telcos would take over all payment transactions. For cellphone transactions, they had gone to "in-memory" DBMS ... with ten times the performance of traditional DBMS used by traditional financial transaction processors ... the cellphone telcos would start by taking over the predicted huge volume in micropayments (volumes that traditional card processors would never be able to handle) and then move up the value stream and take over the rest of the payment transaction business. For whatever reason those micropayment volumes didn't materialize.

Around the turn of the century, I did some performance work for one of the "six" (major outsourcing) that did processing for 500M credit card accounts. They had 40+ max configured mainframe systems (@$30M, constant rolling upgrades, none older than 18months) running 450K statement cobol application (number mainframes needed to complete settlement in the overnight batch window). I eventually found 14% savings. They did have large performance group that had cared for the application for decades ... but apparently got myopically focused on subset of issues.

Charlie had invented compare&swap (originally "CAS" was chosen because they are Charlie's initials) instruction when he was working on fine-grain multiprocessor kernel locking for CP67 (pecursor to VM370, although originally VM370 dropped multprocessor support) at the science center. We then had meetings in POK with the 370 architecture owners trying to get added to 370. They said that the POK favorite son operating system (MVT, VS2, MVS) people said it wasn't needed because 360 test&set instruction was sufficient (single supervisor global lock). The 370 architecture owners said to get CAS added to 370, uses other than kernel multiprocessor locking ... thus was born the multi-threaded applications (like large DBMS) example uses that still appear in principles of operation (as alternative to SVC kernel call).

multiprocessor and/or compare&swap instruction posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp

card association and/or 450k cobol statement app
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#30 VM370, 3081, and AT&T Long Lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#87 UPS & PDUs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#10 A brief overview of IBM's new 7 nm Telum mainframe CPU
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#61 Performance Monitoring, Analysis, Simulation, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#57 Hacking, Exploits and Vulnerabilities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#68 How Gerstner Rebuilt IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#61 MAINFRAME (4341) History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#49 IBM CEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#4 Killer Micros
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#7 IBM CEOs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#155 Book on monopoly (IBM)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#80 IBM: Buying While Apathetaic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#11 mainframe hacking "success stories"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#62 Cobol
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#13 IBM today
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#94 It's 1983: What computer would you buy?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#58 Watch Your Debit and Credit Cards: Thieves Get Craftier With Skimmers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#5 Computers, anyone?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#43 How IBM Was Left Behind
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#2 Has Microsoft commuted suicide
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#110 Making Computers Secure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#101 Interchange
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#57 When did the home computer die?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#70 the 'Here is' key
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#69 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#43 The Pentagon still uses computer software from 1958 to manage its contracts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#63 Missile Defense
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#58 Funny error messages
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#6 Is it a lost cause?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#51 Penn Central PL/I advertising
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#15 DEC and The Americans
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#67 Lineage of TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#66 Lineage of TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#112 Is there a source for detailed, instruction-level performance info?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#32 Credit card fraud solution coming to America...finally
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#12 Credit card fraud solution coming to America...finally
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#11 Credit card fraud solution coming to America...finally
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#7 Credit card fraud solution coming to America...finally
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#61 Western Union envisioned internet functionality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#30 Western Union envisioned internet functionality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#65 A New Performance Model ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#67 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#55 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#39 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#56 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#54 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#78 Over in the Mainframe Experts Network LinkedIn group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#69 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#17 Online Debit, Credit Fraud Will Soon Get Much Worse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#47 TCP/IP Might Have Been Secure From the Start If Not For the NSA
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#27 TCP/IP Might Have Been Secure From the Start If Not For the NSA
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#83 CPU time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#22 Steve B sees what investors think
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#17 Steve B sees what investors think
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#37 8080 BASIC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#33 8080 BASIC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#45 Article for the boss: COBOL will outlive us all
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#25 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#69 Freefall: America, Free Markets, and the Sinking of the World Economy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#32 At least two decades back, some gurus predicted that mainframes would disappear
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#24 The first personal computer (PC)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#9 The IETF is probably the single element in the global equation of technology competition than has resulted in the INTERNET
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010d.html#21 Credit card data security: Who's responsible?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009q.html#75 Now is time for banks to replace core system according to Accenture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#20 IBM forecasts 'new world order' for financial services
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#55 Cobol hits 50 and keeps counting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#76 Architectural Diversity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#5 Why do IBMers think disks are 'Direct Access'?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#81 Intel: an expensive many-core future is ahead of us
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008d.html#73 Price of CPU seconds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008c.html#24 Job ad for z/OS systems programmer trainee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007v.html#93 folklore indeed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007v.html#62 folklore indeed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#67 folklore indeed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#37 folklore indeed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#21 Distributed Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#0 folklore indeed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007i.html#72 Free Checking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007i.html#51 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007i.html#47 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007i.html#17 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006u.html#50 Where can you get a Minor in Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004i.html#18 New Method for Authenticated Public Key Exchange without Digital Certificates
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#0 E-commerce security????
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#33 does CA need the proof of acceptance of key binding ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay12.htm#0 Four Corner model. Was: Confusing Authentication and Identification? (addenda)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay11.htm#63 E-merchants Turn Fraud-busters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay11.htm#32 Don't-Ask-Don't-Tell E-commerce
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay10.htm#41 ATM Scams - Whose Liability Is It, Anyway?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay10.htm#10 InfoSpace Buys ECash Technologies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm6.htm#terror10 [FYI] Did Encryption Empower These Terrorists?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Mainframe

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Mainframe
Date: 28 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#53 IBM Mainframe

Starting in silicon valley later half of 70s. I'm allowed to wander around (ibm and customer) datacenters in silicon valley. DASD engineering (bldg14) and DASD product test (bldg15) were across the street. At the time they were running mainframe stand-alone DASD testing, prescheduled 7x24 around the clock. They mentioned that they had tried running MVS, but it had 15min mean-time-between-failure (in that environment, requiring manual re-ipl). I offer to rewrite input/output supervisor to make it bullet proof and never fail ... enabling any amount of on-demand concurrent testing ... greatly improving productivity. Downside, I'm increasingly asked to come over and play disk enginner. Posts about getting to play disk engineer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk

I then do an internal research document about all the work ... and happen to mention the MVS 15min MTBF ... which brings down the wrath of the MVS group on my head, informally I was told they tried to have me separated from the IBM company, when that didn't work they resorted to other activities trying to make it no career, no promotions, etc ... joke on them, I was already being told no career, no promotions, no raises ... and it wouldn't be the end of being told that.

In any case ... it didn't trouble me a couple years later when 3880/3380 was about to ship ... engineers had a regression test bucket of 57 typically expected errors that FE would need to diagnose ... and in all cases MVS would fail (requiring manual re-ipl) and in 2/3rds of the cases there was no indication of what caused the failure ... old email ref
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007.html#email801015

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

How Delaware Became the World's Biggest Offshore Haven

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: How Delaware Became the World's Biggest Offshore Haven
Date: 28 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#33 How Delaware Became the World's Biggest Offshore Haven

Delaware Sold the Greatest, Most Insidious Financial Secrecy Tool the World Has Ever Known. In the 1980s, Delaware officials went on a barnstorming tour of Asia. They were selling a new kind of secrecy.
https://crimereads.com/delaware-sold-financial-secrecy/
The greatest financial secrecy tool the world has ever invented isn't something you can hold. It's not something you can see, or touch, or peer into, trying to ascertain what exactly it contains. It is, in a very real sense, something of a fiction: it exists solely on paper, and solely to conceal the names of the people, and the sources of their money, for whom it was created.
... snip ...

tax evasion, tax fraud, tax avoidance, tax havens, tax loopholes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#tax.evasion

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Lasers

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Lasers
Date: 28 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
HSDT was doing T1 and faster computer links ... both terrestrial and satellite and was having some custom equipment built on the other side of the Pacific. Periodically going to visit, they liked to show off some of their "high tech" ... work on fiber-optic lan for car electronics (replacing wiring harness which was frequently very difficult to debug) with major car maker ... also the manufacturing line for CDROM players. I came back and claimed I got better optics & electronics from a $300 CDROM player than I paid for a $6k computer modem.

Some of it was Reed-Solomon FEC ... HSDT did have IBM engineer that had been graduate student for Reed and did a lot of work on Reed-Solomon ... and we were also doing some work with Cyclotomics (founded by Berlekamp and before being bought by Kodak).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reed%E2%80%93Solomon_error_correction
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irving_S._Reed
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elwyn_Berlekamp

HSDT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt

reed-solomon and/or cyclotomics posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#57 In the 1970s, Email Was Special
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#22 IBM Recruiting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#8 Network names
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#52 Boyd's OODA-loop
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#57 Oldest computer in the US government
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#57 Institutional Memory and Two-factor Authentication
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#9 3380 was actually FBA?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#6 3380 was actually FBA?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#3 Western Union envisioned internet functionality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#55 Western Union envisioned internet functionality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#9 Fwd: [sqlite] presentation about ordering and atomicity of filesystems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#68 No Internet. No Microsoft Windows. No iPods. This Is What Tech Was Like In 1984
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#98 After the Sun (Microsystems) Sets, the Real Stories Come Out
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#75 non-IBM: SONY new tape storage - 185 Terabytes on a tape
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#34 SNA vs TCP/IP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#33 SNA vs TCP/IP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#31 SNA vs TCP/IP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#58 DASD, Tape and other peripherals attached to a Mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#65 Hamming Code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#60 Is the magic and romance killed by Windows (and Linux)?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#58 Is the magic and romance killed by Windows (and Linux)?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#23 Program Work Method Question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#26 Tapes versus vinyl
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009q.html#0 Anyone going to Supercomputers '09 in Portland?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#79 big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#46 Follow up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#66 Architectural Diversity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#61 Is SUN going to become x86'ed ??
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#23 Blinkylights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#19 IBM-MAIN longevity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007v.html#82 folklore indeed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007p.html#62 Damn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#4 Even worse than UNIX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007.html#29 Just another example of mainframe costs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006u.html#45 waiting for acknowledgments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006u.html#44 waiting for acknowledgments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005t.html#50 non ECC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005r.html#52 Go-Back-N protocol?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005n.html#27 Data communications over telegraph circuits
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005k.html#25 The 8008
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#43 360 longevity, was RISCs too close to hardware?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#11 Mainframes (etc.)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004f.html#37 Why doesn't Infiniband supports RDMA multicast
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003j.html#73 1950s AT&T/IBM lack of collaboration?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003h.html#3 Calculations involing very large decimals
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#27 shirts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002p.html#53 Free Desktop Cyber emulation on PC before Christmas
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#71 Encryption + Error Correction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#80 Disks size growing while disk count shrinking = bad performance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#1 4M pages are a bad idea (was Re: AMD 64bit Hammer CPU and VM)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#38 Does the word "mainframe" still have a meaning?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#210 AES cyphers leak information like sieves
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#115 What is the use of OSI Reference Model?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/93.html#28 Log Structured filesystems -- think twice

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Lasers

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Lasers
Date: 29 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#61 IBM Lasers

... cd player line had boards coming down the line and passing under assembly that looked like spray painting the board black ... but actually was applying surface mount chips. At the time, the only SMT that I could find in US was TI which was cutting pins flush with bottom of chip (which didn't help for board space, SMT connections underneath chip, but could have enabled chips on both sides of board) ... but didn't find any IBM production SMT.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface-mount_technology
Much of the pioneering work in this technology was done by IBM. The design approach first demonstrated by IBM in 1960 in a small-scale computer was later applied in the Launch Vehicle Digital Computer used in the Instrument Unit that guided all Saturn IB and Saturn V vehicles.[3] Components were mechanically redesigned to have small metal tabs or end caps that could be directly soldered to the surface of the PCB. Components became much smaller and component placement on both sides of a board became far more common with surface mounting than through-hole mounting, allowing much higher circuit densities and smaller circuit boards and, in turn, machines or subassemblies containing the boards.
... snip ...

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1973 Holmdel IBM 370's

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1973 Holmdel IBM 370's
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 2021 14:37:16 -1000
early 90s, the IBM GPD/Adstar software VP funded work to add posix support to MVS

early 80s, tried to get IBM to make an offer to graduated student that had ported UNIX to IBM ... they wouldn't ... Amdahl hired him, did "gold" (i.e. Au for Amdahl Unix), aka Amdahl UTS

IBM Palo Alto had 80s project to port BSD (berkeley unix work alike) to 370 ... but then got redirected to port to PC/RT workstation ("AOS" for univ. market).

IBM Palo Alto also was working with UCLA's unix alike "LOCUS" ... which eventually ships as AIX/370 and AIX/386.

TSS/370 group had project with AT&T to layer unix user environment on top of stripped down TSS/370 kernel (SSUP).

Amdahl UTS and various IBM Unixes ran under VM/370 ... the issue was field support/maint wouldn't support 370 systems unless they had type-1 "EREP" ... and the effort to add type-1 EREP to Unix was several times larger than a straight-forward port. Running in VM/370 virtual machine took advantage of VM/370 providing type-1 EREP. In the (tss/370) SSUP case, it would have been SSUP providing the type-1 EREP.

none of it in the 70s.

topic drift: one of my hobbies after joining IBM was enhanced production operating systems for internal datacenters (first CP67 then later VM370). Note in the morph of CP67->VM370, there was lots of stuff that were dropped and/or greatly simplified. When I first started move from CP67 to VM370, I also used by stress testing benchmarks which were guaranteed to crash an unmodified VM370 ... so one of the first things needing porting was the CP67 kernel serialization mechanism (took care of huge number of vm370 kernel crashes as well as hung/zombie users).

For some reason IBM cut deal with AT&T (longlines) for a copy of one of my early production VM370 systems (lots of feature and performance work added ... but before hardware multiprocessor support). In the early 80s I'm tracked down by the IBM AT&T national marketing rep. It turns out this (originally long lines) early VM370 got propagated around AT&T along with numerous of AT&T local modifications. The problem was that the latest IBM mainframe was 3081 ... which originally was multiprocessor only ... and which that old VM370 version wouldn't run on. IBM was afraid that AT&T would replace all those IBM 370s installations with the latest Amdahl clone 370 (had new single processor machine that was about the performance of the IBM two processor 3081 ... and its two processor machine was about twice 3081). Anyway, I was asked if I could help with moving to VM370 with multiprocessor support.

science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech

other trivia: ACP/TPF (ibm's system for things like airline res systems) 370 also had a similar issue of not having multiprocessor support and IBM was also concerned that the whole ACP/TPF market would move to Amdahl. some recent acp/tpf posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#77 IBM ACP/TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#78 IBM ACP/TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#66 IBM ACP/TPF

more trivia: The GPD/ADstar (disk division) issue was that it was seeing drop in disk sales with customers moving to more client/server and distributed computing friendly platforms. They had come up with several solutions to address the problem, but they were constantly being veto'ed by the communication group. The communication group had a strangle-hold on IBM datacenters with its strategic ownership of everything that cross the datacenter walls and were fiercely fighting off client/server and distributed computing. As a result GPD/ADstar was trying all sorts of things to get around the communication road block. Posix on MVS didn't directly involve anything crossing the datacenter walls. They other thing they were doing was invested in client/server and distributed computing startups that would use IBM disks & mainframes (communication group couldn't veto GPD/ADstat investments and/or non-IBM company products).

Another place that communication group strangle-hold shows up is their severely knee-capping PS2 microchannel card performance. For PC/RT (with AT-bus), the workstation division had done some of their own cards, including a 4mbit token-ring card. For RS/6000 with microchannel, AWD was mandated that they had to (only) use PS2 cards and could not do their own. It turns out that the microchannel PS2 16mbit token-ring card had lower throughput than the PC/RT 4mbit token-ring card (i.e. a RS/6000 fileserver with 16mbit token-ring would have lower throughput than PC/RT with 4mbit token-ring card)

801/risc, iliad, romp, rios, pc/rt, rs/6000, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801

posts about communication group and stranglehold on IBM mainframe datacenters (and trying to preserve their dumb terminal paradigm)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal

posts mention at&t longlines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#30 VM370, 3081, and AT&T Long Lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#25 VM370, 3081, and AT&T Long Lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#80 AT&T Long-lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#121 IBM Acronyms
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#33 Bad History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#80 Mainframe operating systems?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#48 360 announce day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#68 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#27 30 yr old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#85 a bit of hope? What was old is new again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#37 AT&T Holmdel Computer Center films, 1973 Unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#59 Hard Disk Drive Construction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#7 Is the magic and romance killed by Windows (and Linux)?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#82 Yet another squirrel question - Results (very very long post)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#14 DASD or TAPE attached via TCP/IP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#41 IT managers stymied by limits of x86 virtualization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#30 hacked TOPS-10 monitors
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#29 Need Help filtering out sporge in comp.arch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007v.html#15 folklore indeed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#6 Open z/Architecture or Not
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#54 The Perfect Computer - 36 bits?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007d.html#55 Is computer history taugh now?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006b.html#21 IBM 3090/VM Humor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005p.html#31 z/VM performance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004m.html#58 Shipwrecks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004e.html#32 The attack of the killer mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004.html#35 40th anniversary of IBM System/360 on 7 Apr 2004
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#46 unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003.html#17 vax6k.openecs.org rebirth
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002p.html#23 Cost of computing in 1958?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#32 IBM was: CDC6600 - just how powerful a machine was it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#11 OS Workloads : Interactive etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002.html#11 The demise of compaq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002.html#4 Buffer overflow
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#3 Oldest program you've written, and still in use?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#5 IBM XT/370 and AT/370 (was Re: Computer of the century)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/97.html#15 OSes commerical, history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#35 Mainframes & Unix (and TPF)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#14 characters

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1973 Holmdel IBM 370's

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1973 Holmdel IBM 370's
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 29 Nov 2021 15:31:01 -1000
Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
early 90s, the IBM GPD/Adstar software VP funded work to add posix support to MVS

early 80s, tried to get IBM to make an offer to graduated student that had ported UNIX to IBM ... they wouldn't ... Amdahl hired him, did "gold" (i.e. Au for Amdahl Unix), aka Amdahl UTS

IBM Palo Alto had 80s project to port BSD (berkeley unix work alike) to 370 ... but then got redirected to port to PC/RT workstation ("AOS" for univ. market).

IBM Palo Alto also was working with UCLA's unix work alike "LOCUS" ... which eventually ships as AIX/370 and AIX/386.

TSS/370 group had project with AT&T to layer unix user environment on top of stripped down TSS/370 kernel (SSUP).

Amdahl UTS and various IBM Unixes ran under VM/370 ... the issue was field support/maint wouldn't support 370 systems unless they had type-1 "EREP" ... and the effort to add type-1 EREP to Unix was several times larger than a straight-forward port. Running in VM/370 virtual machine took advantage of VM/370 providing type-1 EREP. In the (tss/370) SSUP case, it would have been SSUP providing the type-1 EREP.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#63 1973 Holmdel IBM 370's

note ROMP 801/risc chip (in the PC/RT) was originally intended for displaywriter follow-on. When that got canceled they retargeted to the unix workstation market and got the company that had done PC/IX (AT&T unix) port for the IBM/PC ... to do one for the PC/RT (& formed "AWD", advanced workstation division). RIOS chipset was follow-on to ROMP for the RS/6000, and its AIXV3.1 was enhanced from the PC/RT AT&T unix port with some BSD'isms added.

The IBM Palo Alto unixes were BSD based and LOCUS based ... and their AIX unixes had nothing to do with IBM AWD (AT&T) unixes.

801/risc, iliad, romp, rios, power, power/pc, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Mystery Meat Congress; Clueless Mainstream Press

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Mystery Meat Congress; Clueless Mainstream Press
Date: 29 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Mystery Meat Congress; Clueless Mainstream Press (Winslow Wheeler)
https://www.counterpunch.org/2021/11/26/mystery-meat-congress-clueless-mainstream-press/
I have been a close observer of Congress since 1971 when I started my first Hill job with Senator Jacob Javits from New York, a liberal Republican. Yes, they had them then; several in fact; almost a third of the Republican Senate caucus. Ultimately, I worked on Capitol Hill for 31 years, including a stint at the Government Accountability Office. Uniquely, according the Senate Disbursing Office records, I spent two years working simultaneously for a Republican and a Democratic Senator on their personal staffs. With this background and now as a recently re-registered Independent, I can claim more non-partisanship than most.
... snip ...

Kabuki theater posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#kabuki.theater

past posts mentioning Winslow Wheeler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#35 US Stealth Fighter Jets Like F-35, F-22 Raptors 'No Longer Stealth' In-Front Of New Russian, Chinese Radars?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#18 Did They Miss Yet Another F-35 Cost Overrun?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#83 Winslow Wheeler's War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#63 NYT: N.S.A. Chief Says Phone Logs Halted Terror Threats
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#89 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#56 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#54 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#31 Bank Whistleblower Claims Retaliation And Wrongful Termination
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#54 NBC's website hacked with malware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#34 Search Google, 1960:s-style
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#50 Is there a connection between your strategic and tactical assertions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#63 21st Century Management approach?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#34 21st Century Management approach?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#20 UAV vis-a-vis F35

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The cloud as supercomputer

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: The cloud as supercomputer
Date: 30 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
The cloud as supercomputer. Using the cloud to link widely distributed compute instances as a virtual supercomputer opens new possibilities to those without deep pockets.
https://www.infoworld.com/article/3642848/the-cloud-as-supercomputer.html
If you think this sounds excessive, high-performance computing geeks like me who used supercomputers back in the '80s and '90s were looking at a total bill of many millions of dollars, at a minimum, to do about a tenth of what they are doing here. By using this on-demand cloud-based supercomputer, the researchers were able to analyze 337 million compounds in just six hours.
... snip ...

... starting back in the 90s, there was big overlap in blades&racks used for clouds and blades&racks used for cluster scale-up supercomputers. Then early last decade, articles about on-demand cloud supercomputers ... credit cards used to provision supercomputers from cloud operations (automagically)

cloud megadatacenter posts (half million or more server systems)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#megadatacenter

past posts mentioning cloud & supercomputers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#106 Has Microsoft commuted suicide
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#6 How do BIG WEBSITES work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#55 Why Can't You Buy z Mainframe Services from Amazon Cloud Services?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#106 DOS descendant still lives was Re: slight reprieve on the z
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#113 How Much Bandwidth do we have?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#75 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#51 Internet Mainframe Forums Considered Harmful
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#84 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#15 A Private life?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#10 FW: mainframe "selling" points -- Start up Costs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#28 I.B.M. Mainframe Evolves to Serve the Digital World
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#51 Turn Off Another Light - Univ. of Tennessee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#47 I.B.M. Mainframe Evolves to Serve the Digital World
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#42 I.B.M. Mainframe Evolves to Serve the Digital World
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#34 X86 server
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#70 How many cost a cpu second?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#12 Can Mainframes Be Part Of Cloud Computing?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#30 New IBM mainframe instructions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#28 New IBM mainframe instructions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#80 Article on IBM's z196 Mainframe Architecture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#78 Has anyone successfully migrated off mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#122 Deja Cloud?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Pfizer Is Lobbying to Thwart Whistleblowers From Exposing Corporate Fraud

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Pfizer Is Lobbying to Thwart Whistleblowers From Exposing Corporate Fraud
Date: 30 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
Pfizer Is Lobbying to Thwart Whistleblowers From Exposing Corporate Fraud. Pfizer is among the Big Pharma companies trying to block legislation strengthening whistleblowers' ability to report corporate fraud.
https://theintercept.com/2021/11/29/pfizer-whistleblower-reform-corporate-fraud/
In the midst of a dizzying legislative environment, with much attention focused on the Build Back Better debate, major corporate interests, including Pfizer, are fighting an update to the False Claims Act, a Civil War-era law that rewards whistleblowers for filing anti-fraud lawsuits against contractors on behalf of the government.
... snip ..

whistleblower posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The System

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: The System
Date: 30 Nov 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#24 The System: Who Rigged It, How We Fix It
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#48 The System

The System
https://www.amazon.com/System-Who-Rigged-How-Fix-ebook/dp/B07Y7K7LJW/
pg129/loc1491-94:
In 2007, former Fed governor Edward Gramlich lamented that the mortgage marketplace was "like a city with a murder law, but no cops on the beat." Yet Dimon, Weill, Greenspan, Rubin, and others argued there was no need for concern. For years thereafter, a four-foot-wide hunk of wood hung in Weill's office on the forty-sixth floor of the General Motors Building in Manhattan, etched with his portrait and the words "The Shatterer of Glass-Steagall."
... snip ...

In Jan1999 I was asked to help try and stop the coming economic mess (we failed). I was told that some investment bankers had walked away "clean" from the S&L crisis and were then running Internet IPO mills (invest a few million, hype, IPO for a couple billion, needed to fail to leave the field clear for the next round of IPOs), and were predicted to geting into securitized mortgages next. As coutermeasure, I was to work on the integrity of mortgage supporting documents.

The System, pg134/loc1557-62:
Yet between 2007 and 2009, JPMorgan racked up a remarkable $51 billion of losses from faulty mortgages, unpaid credit cards, and other bad loans. Dimon had driven the bank to undertake too many risky mortgages. At the end of 2007, even after JPMorgan had taken a $1.3 billion write-down on bad loans, Dimon told analysts it was planning to add as much as $20 billion more in mortgages from risky borrowers. Mortgage applicants weren't even required to document their income—they could just assert it. As I have noted, JPMorgan subsequently reached a then record $13 billion settlement with the Department of Justice, which documented the bank's role in underwriting fraudulent securities leading up to the 2008 crisis.
... snip ...

First they find that they can pay rating agencies for triple-A (when the rating agencies knew they were worth triple-A) enabling being able to sell everything into the bond market w/o requiring supporting documents ... aka no-document, liar loans (no documents, no document integrity) ... largely enabling being about to do over $27T 2001-2008 in securitized loans&mortgages.

economic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess
S&L crisis posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#s&l.crisis
triple-a rated toxic CDO posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo
Too Big To Fail (too big to prosecute, too big to jail)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
Pecora hearings and/or Glass-Steagal posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#Pecora&/orGlass-Steagall

The System, pg129/loc1495-98:
Shortly after Brooksley Born became head of the Commodity Futures Trading Corporation, a government agency charged with regulating markets in futures and options, in August 1996 she became curious about credit derivatives—bets on whether loans would be repaid. She didn't understand why the derivative market had to be hidden and why the industry was so opposed to record-keeping or reporting.

pg129/loc1498-1500:
In early 1998, after her staff began to prepare a tentative first step toward transparency, Born was summoned to a meeting with Rubin, Alan Greenspan, and Arthur Levitt, chair of the SEC, who told her to drop the issue. She did not. After the Clinton administration asked Congress to suspend her rule-writing authority, Congress barred the government from regulating large portions of the market in derivatives.
... snip ...

Then they found that they could design securitized mortgages to fail, pay for triple-A, sell into the bond market and take out CDS gambling bets that they would fail. The largest holder of CDS gambling bets was AIG and was negotiating to pay off at 50cents on the dollar, when the SECTREAS steps in, has them sign a document that they could sue those making the bets and to take TARP funds to pay off at face value. The largest recipient of TARP funds was AIG and the largest recipient of face value payoffs was the firm formally headed by SECTREAS.

Brooksley Born replaced by Wendy Gramm until husband (as in GLBA) gets legislation blocking derivative regulation, Wendy then leaves for ENRON board (and board audit committee).

ENRON posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#enron
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
inequality posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality

Past post mentioning Brooksley Born and/or Wendy Gramm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#13 Elizabeth Warren hammers JPMorgan Chase CEO Jamie Dimon on pandemic overdraft fees
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#3 Meet the Economist Behind the One Percent's Stealth Takeover of America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#64 How the Supreme Court Is Rebranding Corruption
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#47 Day of Reckoning for KPMG-Failures in Ethics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#45 Jeffrey Skilling, Former Enron Chief, Released After 12 Years in Prison
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#12 The Warning
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#13 What the Enron E-mails Say About Us
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#41 [CM] cheap money, was What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#0 Trump to sign cyber security order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#32 Ma Bell is coming back and, boy, is she pissed! She bought Bugs Bunny!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#31 Economic Mess
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#42 Nobody saw the economic mess coming last decade
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#5 The Deep State
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#17 Cromnibus cartoon
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#150 LEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#131 Memo To WSJ: The CRomnibus Abomination Was Not "A Rare Bipartisan Success"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#126 Wall Street's Revenge
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#121 Presenting The $303 Trillion In Derivatives That US Taxpayers Are Now On The Hook For
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#73 The Watchdog that Didn't Bark ... Again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#21 Senate Democrats vs. the Middle Class; Senators elected in 2008 made Obama's agenda possible, and its results have harmed most Americans
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#0 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#98 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#13 Jack Lew Shows His True Colors By Forcing Deregulation of Derivatives on the CFTC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#29 The agency problem and how to create a criminogenic environment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#28 Flag bloat
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#73 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#38 Four Signs Your Awesome Investment May Actually Be A Ponzi Scheme
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#77 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#59 Why Hasn't The Government Prosecuted Anyone For The 2008 Financial recession?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#57 speculation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#5 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#31 US real-estate has lost $7T in value
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#62 Civilization, doomed?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#41 The men who crashed the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#74 computer bootlaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#54 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#41 Advice from Richard P. Feynman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#52 Are Americans serious about dealing with money laundering and the drug cartels?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#38 On Protectionism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#29 Ernst & Young sued for fraud over Lehman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#36 Idiotic programming style edicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#38 Who is Really to Blame for the Financial Crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#67 The Python and the Mongoose: it helps if you know the rules of engagement
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#28 Our Pecora Moment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#54 The 2010 Census
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#82 Oldest Instruction Set still in daily use?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009r.html#61 70 Years of ATM Innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009q.html#77 Now is time for banks to replace core system according to Accenture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#84 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#60 In the USA "financial regulator seeks power to curb excess speculation."
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#17 REGULATOR ROLE IN THE LIGHT OF RECENT FINANCIAL SCANDALS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#33 Treating the Web As an Archive
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#7 Just posted third article about toxic assets in a series on the current financial crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#51 On whom or what would you place the blame for the sub-prime crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#29 What is the real basis for business mess we are facing today?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#35 Architectural Diversity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#23 Should FDIC or the Federal Reserve Bank have the authority to shut down and take over non-bank financial institutions like AIG?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#13 Should we fear and hate derivatives?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#0 What is swap in the financial market?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#73 Should Glass-Steagall be reinstated?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#63 Do bonuses foster unethical conduct?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#62 Is Wall Street World's Largest Ponzi Scheme where Madoff is Just a Poster Child?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#61 Quiz: Evaluate your level of Spreadsheet risk
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#42 Bernard Madoff Is Jailed After Pleading Guilty -- are there more "Madoff's" out there?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#28 I need insight on the Stock Market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#18 HSBC is expected to announce a profit, which is good, what did they do differently?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#16 The Formula That Killed Wall Street
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#10 Who will Survive AIG or Derivative Counterparty Risk?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#65 is it possible that ALL banks will be nationalized?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#53 How to defeat new telemarketing tactic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#48 How to defeat new telemarketing tactic

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
Date: 01 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory. Focusing on Wall Street and not on its planes, Boeing forgot that its success depended on a reputation for superior engineering.
https://www.wsj.com/articles/flying-blind-review-downward-trajectory-11638136648?st=agx1umvkkhvx5rn&reflink=desktopwebshare_facebook

Boeing 100th anniv article "The Boeing Century"
https://issuu.com/pnwmarketplace/docs/i20160708144953115

including long article "Scrappy start forged a company built to last", has analysis of the Boeing merger with M/D ("A different Boeing") and the disastrous effects that it had on the company ... and even though many of those people are gone, it still leaves the future of the company in doubt. One was the M/D (military-industrial complex) culture of outsourcing to lots of entities in different jurisdiction as part of catering to political interests ... as opposed to focusing on producing quality products ... which shows up in the effects that it had on 787.

The Coming Boeing Bailout?
https://mattstoller.substack.com/p/the-coming-boeing-bailout
Unlike Boeing, McDonnell Douglas was run by financiers rather than engineers. And though Boeing was the buyer, McDonnell Douglas executives some how took power in what analysts started calling a "reverse takeover." The joke in Seattle was, "McDonnell Douglas bought Boeing with Boeing's money."
... snip ...

Crash Course
https://newrepublic.com/article/154944/boeing-737-max-investigation-indonesia-lion-air-ethiopian-airlines-managerial-revolution
Sorscher had spent the early aughts campaigning to preserve the company's estimable engineering legacy. He had mountains of evidence to support his position, mostly acquired via Boeing's 1997 acquisition of McDonnell Douglas, a dysfunctional firm with a dilapidated aircraft plant in Long Beach and a CEO who liked to use what he called the Hollywood model" for dealing with engineers: Hire them for a few months when project deadlines are nigh, fire them when you need to make numbers. In 2000, Boeing's engineers staged a 40-day strike over the McDonnell deal's fallout; while they won major material concessions from management, they lost the culture war. They also inherited a notoriously dysfunctional product line from the corner-cutting market gurus at McDonnell.
... snip ...

Boeing's travails show what's wrong with modern capitalism. Deregulation means a company once run by engineers is now in the thrall of financiers and its stock remains high even as its planes fall from the sky
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/sep/11/boeing-capitalism-deregulation

military-industrial complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism

past posts mentioning Boeing Century
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#40 Boeing Built an Unsafe Plane, and Blamed the Pilots When It Crashed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#60 11 crazy up-close photos of the F-22 Raptor stealth fighter jet soaring through the air
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#26 DoD watchdog: Air Force failed to effectively manage F-22 modernization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#21 How China's New Stealth Fighter Could Soon Surpass the US F-22 Raptor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#58 Failures and Resiliency
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#20 The Boeing Century

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
Date: 01 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#69 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory

disclaimer: at the univ. I took a 2hr intro to computers ... and within a year, the univ. hires me fulltime to be responsible for their mainframe systems. Then before I graduate, I'm hired fulltime into a small group in the Boeing CFO office to help form Boeing Computer Services (consolidate all dataprocessing into an independent business unit to better monetize the investment, including offering services to non-Boeing entities). I thought Renton datacenter possibly largest in the world (something like $200M-$300M, 60s$$ in IBM mainframes) and lots of political battles with director of Renton datacenter as part of of the take-over. 747#3 was flying the skies of Seattle getting FAA flt. certification. When I graduate, I join IBM science center in cambridge (located with MIT) instead of staying at Boeing.

posts mentioning Cambridge Science Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech

Note Boyd would talk about being very vocal that electronics across the trail wouldn't work ... and (I guess) possibly as punishment was sent to command spook base (about the same time I was at Boeing). He would talk about having the largest air conditioned bldg in that part of the world. One of his biographies talk about it being a $2.5B "windfall" for IBM, ten times Renton ... but it must of been a lot of stuff besides 360 computers. Details talk about spook base having two 360/65s ... while renton had a whole sea of 360/65s. ref gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine
https://web.archive.org/web/20030212092342/http://home.att.net/~c.jeppeson/igloo_white.html
also
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Igloo_White

Boyd posts & URLs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

recent posts mentioning BCS and/or Renton datacenter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#55 System Availability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#64 addressing and protection, was Paper about ISO C
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#63 IBM 360s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#89 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#6 The Kill Chain: Defending America in the Future of High-Tech Warfare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#64 WWII Pilot Barrel Rolls Boeing 707
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#35 IBM/PC 12Aug1981
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#39 iBM System/3 FORTRAN for engineering/science work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#6 IBM 370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#78 The Long-Forgotten Flight That Sent Boeing Off Course
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#57 "Hollywood model" for dealing with engineers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#16 IBM Zcloud - is it just outsourcing ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#80 Amdahl
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#55 SHARE (& GUIDE)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#51 IBM Hardest Problem(s)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#34 April 7, 1964: IBM Bets Big on System/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#25 Field Support and PSRs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#2 Colours on screen (mainframe history question)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#62 Early Computer Use
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#5 Availability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#78 Interactive Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#48 IBM Quota
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#41 CADAM & Catia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#45 Watch AI-controlled virtual fighters take on an Air Force pilot on August 18th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#29 Online Computer Conferencing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#10 "This Plane Was Designed By Clowns, Who Are Supervised By Monkeys"

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

MI6 boss warns of China 'debt traps and data traps'

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: MI6 boss warns of China 'debt traps and data traps'
Date: 01 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
MI6 boss warns of China 'debt traps and data traps'
https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-59474365
China threatens data sovereignty, says Britain's spy chief
https://www.politico.eu/article/chinas-debt-traps-and-data-traps-threaten-data-sovereignty-says-mi6-boss/

detailed past ref:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#13 China's African debt-trap ... and US Version

... aka, may have learned it from US which has been using it for decades ... "Confidence Men"
https://www.amazon.com/Confidence-Men-Washington-Education-ebook/dp/B0089LOKKS/
pg430:
But they were fighting on too many fronts. Carl Levin of Michigan and Jeff Merkley of Oregon had discovered that Dodd had discreetly gutted the Volcker Rule, and the two set to work trying to counteract Dodd's efforts. The Merkley-Levin Amendment articulated Volcker's idea fully -- and wrote it as law. No regulatory backsliding, once everything settled down.
... snip ...

also has several references that essentially wallstreet was using the EHM (economic hit men) debt strategy against the American public. Other references were about new president having to choose between the economic A-team (Volcker et al) and the B-team. The A-team was instrumental in getting him elected, but the A-team would have held wallstreet and the too-big-to-fail accountable, which would have likely taken down most of those institutions (so new president chooses the b-team that wasn't going to hold anybody responsible).

Economic Hit Man
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confessions_of_an_Economic_Hit_Man

economic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess
too big to fail (too big to prosecute, too big to jail) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
capitalist posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism

a few other recent EHM posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#21 Obama's Failure to Adequately Respond to the 2008 Crisis Still Haunts American Politics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#97 The End of World Bank's "Doing Business Report": A Landmark Victory for People & Planet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#29 More than a Decade After the Volcker Rule Purported to Outlaw It, JPMorgan Chase Still Owns a Hedge Fund
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#34 Obama Was Always in Wall Street's Corner
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#26 Why We Need to Democratize Wealth: the U.S. Capitalist Model Breeds Selfishness and Resentment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#97 How capitalism is reshaping cities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#71 Bill Black: The Best Way to Rob a Bank Is to Own One (Part 1/9)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#75 The "Innocence" of Early Capitalism is Another Fantastical Myth

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

1973 Holmdel IBM 370's

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: 1973 Holmdel IBM 370's
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 01 Dec 2021 17:56:00 -1000
John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> writes:
On VM/370, networking including email used a subsystem called RSCS that worked using virtual card chutes. You could connect the virtual card punch on one machine to the virtual reader on another and send a virtual deck of cards through it. RSCS was a background system that sort of extended the card chutes over a network to other systems. At some point they added SMTP gateways, dunno when.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#64 1973 Holmdel IBM 370's
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#63 1973 Holmdel IBM 370's
and posts mentioning Holdmdel
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#20 {wtf} Tymshare SuperBasic Source Code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#66 AT&T Holmdel Computer Center films, 1973 Unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#37 AT&T Holmdel Computer Center films, 1973 Unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#23 AT&T Holmdel Computer Center films, 1973 Unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#47 AT&T Holmdel Computer Center films, 1973 Unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#43 AT&T Holmdel Computer Center films, 1973 Unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006n.html#56 AT&T Labs vs. Google Labs - R&D History

San Jose Research put in CSNET PhoneNet gateway fall 1982 (before internet) ... from long ago and far away.

Date: 10/22/82 14:25:57
To: CSNET mailing list
Subject: CSNET PhoneNet connection functional

The IBM San Jose Research Lab is the first IBM site to be registered on CSNET (node-id is IBM-SJ), and our link to the PhoneNet relay at University of Delaware has just become operational! For initial testing of the link, I would like to have traffic from people who normally use the ARPANET, and who would be understanding about delays, etc. If you are such a person, please send me your userid (and nodeid if not on SJRLVM1), and I'll send instructions on how to use the connection. People outside the department or without prior usage of of ARPANET may also register at this time if there is a pressing need, such as being on a conference program committee, etc. CSNET (Computer Science NETwork) is funded by NSF, and is an attempt to connect all computer science research institutions in the U.S. It does not have a physical network of its own, but rather is a set of common protocols used on top of the ARPANET (Department of Defense), TeleNet (GTE), and PhoneNet (the regular phone system). The lowest-cost entry is through PhoneNet, which only requires the addition of a modem to an existing computer system. PhoneNet offers only message transfer (off-line, queued, files). TeleNet and ARPANET in allow higher-speed connections and on-line network capabilities such as remote file lookup and transfer on-line, and remote login.

... snip ... top of post, old email index

other CSNET/UDEL about TCP/IP:

30Dec1982 forwarded email about 1Jan1983 TCP/IP Transition on ARPANET
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#email821230
02Feb1983 CSNET email distribution about switch to TCP/IP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#email830202
followed by post with Aug1989 distribution of "A Critical Analysis of the Internet Management Situation" from "THE CRUCIBLE"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#19

First IBM mainframe tcp/ip product (VM/370) was after mid-80s (including SMTP support ... internally specific locations had it before) ... in part before for growing number of unix workstations. I did a REXX exec ("REMAIL") that sat in my mainframe user (w/o terminal) waiting for incoming email and reformated for SMTP and forwarded to SMTP daemon for my unix workstation (REMAIL had support for handling a wide variety of of mainframe email formats, the TCP product SMTP daemon didn't have support for converting between SMTP and non-SMTP formats). REMAIL was later picked up and integrated into system function.

NSF funded CSNET (later merges with BITNET)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSNET
co-worker at science center was responsible for the internal network technology also used for the corporate sponsored university BITNET
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BITNET

trivia: communication group fought hard to prevent mainframe TCP/IP product from shipping (part of their battles against client/server and distributed computing trying to preserver their dumb terminal paradigm). When they lost, they changed their tactic and said that since they had corporate "ownership" of everything that crossed datacenter walls, tcp/ip product had to be shipped by them. What shipped got 44kbyte/sec aggregate using nearly whole 3090 processor. I then did the enhancements for RFC1044 and in some tuning test at Cray Research between Cray and (IBM 370) 4341 got sustained 4341 channel speed transfers using only modest amount of 4341 processor (something like 500 times improvement in bytes moved per instruction executed).

other trivia: 1/1/1983 great conversion to internetworking protocol, there were approx. 100 IMP network nodes and 255 connected hosts ... at the time the internal network (larger than arpanet/internet from just about beginning until sometime mid/late 80s) was rapidly approaching 1000. Old post with a list of world wide corporate locations that added one or more nodes during 1983.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#8

one of the corporate issues was all links leaving IBM bldgs had to be encrypted ... lots of battles w/governments, especially when links crossed national boundaries. circa 1985, major link encryptor vendor claimed that the corporate internal network had at least half the link ecnryptors in the world.

internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
bitnet/EARN posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet
internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet
rfc1044 posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#1044
NSFNET posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Wall Street Has Deployed a Dirty Tricks Playbook Against Whistleblowers for Decades, Now the Secrets Are Spilling Out

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Wall Street Has Deployed a Dirty Tricks Playbook Against Whistleblowers for Decades, Now the Secrets Are Spilling Out
Date: 02 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
Wall Street Has Deployed a Dirty Tricks Playbook Against Whistleblowers for Decades, Now the Secrets Are Spilling Out
https://www.counterpunch.org/2021/12/02/wall-street-has-deployed-a-dirty-tricks-playbook-against-whistleblowers-for-decades-now-the-secrets-are-spilling-out/
Wall Street insiders say that among the top agenda items at this annual confab are strategy sessions on how to keep Congress from enacting legislation that would bring an end to Wall Street's privatized justice system called mandatory arbitration. This system allows the most serially corrupt industry in America to effectively lock the nation's courthouse doors to claims of fraud from its workers and customers. This private justice system also keeps the details of many of Wall Street's systemic crimes out of the press.
... snip ...

whistleblower posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower
libor posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#libor
sarbanes-oxley posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#sarbanes-oxley

deferred prosecution posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#111 Pigs Want To Feed at the Trough Again: Bernanke, Geithner and Paulson Use Crisis Anniversary to Ask for More Bailout Powers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#60 Dirty Money, Shiny Architecture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#56 Feds WIMP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#39 Trump to sign cyber security order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#13 Trump to sign cyber security order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#45 Western Union Admits Anti-Money Laundering and Consumer Fraud Violations, Forfeits $586 Million in Settlement with Justice Department and Federal Trade Commission
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#109 Why Aren't Any Bankers in Prison for Causing the Financial Crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#99 Why Is the Obama Administration Trying to Keep 11,000 Documents Sealed?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#41 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#29 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#73 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#0 Thanks Obama
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#36 I Feel Old
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#10 25 Years: How the Web began
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#65 Economic Mess
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#47 rationality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#44 rationality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#31 Talk of Criminally Prosecuting Corporations Up, Actual Prosecutions Down
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#61 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#57 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#37 LIBOR: History's Largest Financial Crime that the WSJ and NYT Would Like You to Forget
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#36 Eric Holder, Wall Street Double Agent, Comes in From the Cold
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#47 Do we REALLY NEED all this regulatory oversight?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#44 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#23 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#80 Greedy Banks Nailed With $5 BILLION+ Fine For Fraud And Corruption
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#10 Instead of focusing on big fines, law enforcement should seek long prison terms for the responsible executives

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM2Dos

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: IBM2Dos
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 02 Dec 2021 13:31:18 -1000
J. Clarke <jclarke.873638@gmail.com> writes:
Their big error with Microchannel IMO was that it addressed all the "issues" with ISA that IBM's engineers and technicians and managers cared about, but customers didn't care about things like "better grounding" and "not having to have an expensively trained technician add cards" and the like. They cared about whether it would run their workloads any faster and the answer was, in general, no.

except the communication group performance kneecapped the PS2 microchannel cards ... part of its fiercely trying to fight off client/server and distributed computing ... trying to preserve its dumb terminal paradigm/business.

AWD (workstation division) had done the PC/RT with PC/AT bus ... and did some of their own high performance cards ... like its own 4mbit token-ring card.

Then with RS/6000 and microchannel ... AWD was told they couldn't do their own microchannel cards, they had to use the (performance knee-capped) PS2 microchannel cards. For instance the PS2 microchannel ($799) 16mbit token-ring card had lower (per card) throughput than the PC/RT 4mbit token-ring card. There was joke that if RS/6000 was limited to the (knee-capped) PS2 microchannel cards ... for lots of things, RS/6000 wouldn't have any better throughput than PS2/486.

posts mentioning iliad, romp, rios, power, power/pc, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801

By comparison, there were $69 10mbit ethernet cards with significantly higher throughput than the ($799) 16mbit token-ring microchannel card (nearly ten times the performance at 1/10th the cost).

In the late 80s, a senior disk (division) engineer got a talk scheduled at the internal, world-wide, annual, communication group conference supposedly on 3174 performance, but he opened his talk with the comment that the communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division. The disk division was seeing a drop in disk sales with customers moving to more client/server and distributed computing friendly platforms. The disk division had come up with a number of solutions that were constantly being vetoed by the communication group (with its corporate strategic ownership of everything that crossed datacenter walls).

posts about communication group and stranglehold on IBM mainframe datacenters (and trying to preserve their dumb terminal paradigm)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
Date: 02 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#69 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#70 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
also
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#40 Boeing Built an Unsafe Plane, and Blamed the Pilots When It Crashed

Part of 80s shift from "stakeholders" to "shareholders" was eventually also increasing "share buybacks" ... which used to be illegal since they allowed executives to manipulate the market. The Great Deformation: The Corruption of Capitalism in America (IBM financial engineering company) pg464/loc9995-10000:
IBM was not the born-again growth machine trumpeted by the mob of Wall Street momo traders. It was actually a stock buyback contraption on steroids. During the five years ending in fiscal 2011, the company spent a staggering $67 billion repurchasing its own shares, a figure that was equal to 100 percent of its net income.

pg465/loc10014-17:
Total shareholder distributions, including dividends, amounted to $82 billion, or 122 percent, of net income over this five-year period. Likewise, during the last five years IBM spent less on capital investment than its depreciation and amortization charges, and also shrank its constant dollar spending for research and development by nearly 2 percent annually.
... snip ...

(2013) New IBM Buyback Plan Is For Over 10 Percent Of Its Stock
http://247wallst.com/technology-3/2013/10/29/new-ibm-buyback-plan-is-for-over-10-percent-of-its-stock/
(2014) IBM Asian Revenues Crash, Adjusted Earnings Beat On Tax Rate Fudge; Debt Rises 20% To Fund Stock Buybacks
https://web.archive.org/web/20201124212140/www.zerohedge.com/news/2014-01-21/ibm-asian-revenues-crash-adjusted-earnings-beat-tax-rate-fudge-debt-rises-20-fund-st
The company has represented that its dividends and share repurchases have come to a total of over $159 billion since 2000.
... snip ...

(2016) After Forking Out $110 Billion on Stock Buybacks, IBM Shifts Its Spending Focus
https://www.fool.com/investing/general/2016/04/25/after-forking-out-110-billion-on-stock-buybacks-ib.aspx
(2018) ... still doing buybacks ... but will (now?, finally?, a little?) shift focus needing it for redhat purchase.
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-30/ibm-to-buy-back-up-to-4-billion-of-its-own-shares
(2019) IBM Tumbles After Reporting Worst Revenue In 17 Years As Cloud Hits Air Pocket
https://web.archive.org/web/20190417002701/https://www.zerohedge.com/news/2019-04-16/ibm-tumbles-after-reporting-worst-revenue-17-years-cloud-hits-air-pocket

shift back to "stakeholders" from "shareholders", Some Thoughts On the Business Roundtable's Statement of Corporate Purpose
https://www.realclearmarkets.com/articles/2020/02/05/some_thoughts_on_the_business_roundtables_statement_of_corporate_purpose_104069.html
some claims above was pure window dressing (after having shifted from "stakeholders" to "shareholders" in the 80s), Business Roundtable
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Roundtable
False Profits: Reviving the Corporation's Public Purpose
https://www.uclalawreview.org/false-profits-reviving-the-corporations-public-purpose/

original corporate charters were for entities doing work in the public interest
https://www.uclalawreview.org/false-profits-reviving-the-corporations-public-purpose/
... but since then there was increasing pressure to allow corporations to act in self interest (not the public interest) ... as well as increasing lobbying to give corporations "people" constitutional rights ... 80s shift from "stakeholders" to "shareholders" The System, pg102/loc1185-90:
In 1981, the Business Roundtable formally adopted a resolution noting that although shareholders should receive a good return, "the legitimate concerns of other constituencies must have appropriate attention." But starting in the 1980s, as a result of the takeovers mounted by Icahn and a few other raiders such as Michael Milken and Ivan Boesky, a wholly different understanding about the purpose of the corporation emerged. The system changed profoundly. Raiders targeted companies that could deliver higher returns to shareholders mainly by abandoning their other stakeholders—increasing profits by fighting unions, cutting workers' pay or firing them, automating as many jobs as possible, abandoning their communities by shuttering factories and moving jobs to states with lower labor costs, or simply moving them abroad.
... snip ...

Modern Capitalism Needs a Revolution to Undo the Damage It Has Caused
https://time.com/6111683/capitalism-impact-investment-ronald-cohen/

capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
private-equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
stock buyback posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#stock.buyback

other recent posts mentioning Business Roundtable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#52 The System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#48 The System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#36 We've Structured Our Economy to Redistribute a Massive Amount of Income Upward
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#17 Jamie Dimon: Some Americans 'don't feel like going back to work'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#21 ESG Drives a Stake Through Friedman's Legacy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#25 Huawei 5G networks

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
Date: 02 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#69 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#70 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#75 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory

... also AMEX was in competition with KKR for private-equity LBO of RJR (part of the techniques developed in the 80s, to extract every cent possibly out of a corporation) ... and KKR wins. KKR runs into trouble with RJR and hires away the AMEX president to help. Then IBM has gone into the red, is being re-organized into the 13 "baby blues" in preparation for breaking up the company when the board brings in the former AMEX president as CEO. The former AMEX president reverses the breakup and then uses some of the same tactics used at RJR (gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine):
https://web.archive.org/web/20181019074906/http://www.ibmemployee.com/RetirementHeist.shtml

IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall
past pension posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#pensions
private-equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity

a few IBM posts mentioning RetirementHeist:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#5 Who Says Elephants Can't Dance?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#100 Who Says Elephants Can't Dance?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#80 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#72 FDC Haggerstown
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#20 Big Blue's big email blues signal terminal decline - unless it learns to migrate itself
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#61 Private Inequity: How a Powerful Industry Conquered the Tax System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#57 "Hollywood model" for dealing with engineers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#55 3380 disk capacity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#24 IBM Remains Big Tech's Disaster
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#7 The Rise of Private Equity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#6 Financial Engineering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#4 Study: Are You Too Nice to be Financially Successful?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#68 How Gerstner Rebuilt IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#61 MAINFRAME (4341) History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#49 IBM CEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#97 IBM Glory days
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#7 IBM CEOs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#25 Huawei 5G networks

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

How the Enron Scandal Changed American Business Forever

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: How the Enron Scandal Changed American Business Forever
Date: 03 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
How the Enron Scandal Changed American Business Forever
https://time.com/6125253/enron-scandal-changed-american-business-forever/

rhetoric in congress was that Sarbanes-Oxley (2002) would prevent future ENRONs and guarantee executives and auditors did jail time. However joke was that Washington DC felt badly that one of the "big five" went out of business and SOX was really a gift to the audit industry (significantly increasing audit business), but nothing would change. Note that SOX required SEC do something, but possibly because even GAO didn't believe SEC was doing anything, it started doing reports of public company fraudulent financial reporting, even showing that it increased after SOX went into effect (and nobody doing jailtime).
https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-06-1079sp

Less well known was that SOX also required SEC do something about the credit rating agencies ... played a major role in the economic mess, selling triple-A ratings for securitized mortgages that they knew weren't worth triple-A ... from Oct2008 congessional hearings; significantly contributing to being able to sell over $27T (that is TRILLION) into the bond market, 2001-2008.

ENRON posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#enron
Sarbanes-Oxley posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#sarbanes-oxley
fraudulent financial reporting posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fraudulent.financial.filings
economic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess
triple-A rated toxic CDO posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
Date: 03 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#69 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#70 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#75 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#76 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory

The Long-Forgotten Flight That Sent Boeing Off Course. A company once driven by engineers became driven by finance (nov2019)
https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2019/11/how-boeing-lost-its-bearings/602188/
The isolation was deliberate. "When the headquarters is located in proximity to a principal business--as ours was in Seattle--the corporate center is inevitably drawn into day-to-day business operations," Condit explained at the time. And that statement, more than anything, captures a cardinal truth about the aerospace giant. The present 737 Max disaster can be traced back two decades--to the moment Boeing's leadership decided to divorce itself from the firm's own culture.
... snip ...

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Fridays

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Fridays
Date: 03 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
Late 70s, we use to have friday's after work with some from research, disk engineering, STL datacenter, periodically even some sysprogs from customer datacenters, etc (one of the popular places was Erics across cottle, back room wasn't ordinarily opened and for some reason had my name posted on the door ... and we would get half price pitchers of anchor steam).

One of the things discussed was majority of IBM management was computer illiterate ... and what kind of silver bullet was there to get them to use computers. We 1st came up with the idea of online telephone books ... Jim Gray would spend one week writing the program (which had to be faster than person manually looking it up in paper directory sitting on his desk) and I spend one week writing the processes that collected softcopy files, reformated them for online lookup, and distributed them.

About the same time there was rapidly spreading rumor that some of the corporate executive committee were exchanging email (before the advent of PROFS) and then there was corporate rash of managers redirecting 3270 terminal deliveries (met for product development) to their desks. This was back in the days of 3270 allocation was part of annual budget process and required higher level executive sign-off. Most of these 3270 terminals were never actually used ... purely status symbols for creating the facade that the manager might be computer literate (frequently spending the days powered on with the VM/370 logo being burned into the screen, later with the advent of PROFs, some just had the PROFs menu being burned into the screen, actual email handled by manager assistants).

After Jim leaves IBM Research for Tandem, we would periodically visiting for Tandem friday afternoon beer. After one such visit (spring 1981), I distributed a trip report (I was blamed for online computer conferencing on the internal network in the late 70s and early 80s, but this trip report really increased the volume, although only approx. 300 people active contributors, but claims possibly 25,000 reading). Eventually some 300 pages from the discussions were printed, along with an executive summary and summary of the summary and packaged in six TANDEM 3-ring binders and the copies sent to the corporate executive committee (folklore 5of6 wanted to fire me). From summary of the summary:
• The perception of many technical people in IBM is that the company is rapidly heading for disaster. Furthermore, people fear that this movement will not be appreciated until it begins more directly to affect revenue, at which point recovery may be impossible

• Many technical people are extremely frustrated with their management and with the way things are going in IBM. To an increasing extent, people are reacting to this by leaving IBM Most of the contributors to the present discussion would prefer to stay with IBM and see the problems rectified. However, there is increasing skepticism that correction is possible or likely, given the apparent lack of commitment by management to take action

• There is a widespread perception that IBM management has failed to understand how to manage technical people and high-technology development in an extremely competitive environment.

... took another decade (1981 to 1992) for it to come to pass, IBM being re-orged into the 13 "baby blues" in preparation for breaking up the company (gone behind paywall, but mostly lives free at the wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html

... we had left but get a call from bowels of Armonk asking if we could help with the breakup of the company. Lots of business units were using MOUs to leverage supplier contracts in other units, which would be in different corporations after the breakup. All these MOUs would have to be cataloged and turned into their own contracts (before we get started, a new CEO is brought in and reverses the breakup)

online computer conferencing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall

recent posts reference "tandem memos" &/or "summary of summary":
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#25 Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#113 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#100 Who Says Elephants Can't Dance?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#96 IBM 3278
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#85 Happy 50th Birthday, EMAIL!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#70 IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#42 IBM Business School Cases
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#23 Programming Languages in IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#18 Windows 11 is now available
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#12 Home Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#10 System Availability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#95 SUSE Reviving Usenet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#82 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#79 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#64 Virtual Machine Debugging
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#62 Virtual Machine Debugging
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#21 IBM Jargon
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#47 Dynamic Adaptive Resource Management
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#1 Cloud computing's destiny
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#51 Intel rumored to be in talks to buy chip manufacturer GlobalFoundries for $30B
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#49 6-10Oct1986 SEAS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#45 Cloud computing's destiny
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#42 IBM Token-Ring
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#33 Big Blue's big email blues signal terminal decline - unless it learns to migrate itself
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#20 Big Blue's big email blues signal terminal decline - unless it learns to migrate itself
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#5 IBM's 18-month company-wide email system migration has been a disaster, sources say
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#85 Mainframe mid-range computing market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#55 3380 disk capacity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#31 IBM HSDT & HA/CMP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#82 Amdahl
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#16 IBM Internal Network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#15 IBM Internal Network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#8 Online Computer Conferencing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#3 IBM Internal Network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#17 The Rise of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#9 IBM 360/85
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#41 Teaching IBM Class
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#39 WA State frets about Boeing brain drain, but it's already happening
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#17 IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#93 IBM Innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#88 IBM Innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#76 In the 1970s, Email Was Special
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#23 IBM Recruiting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#83 Kinder/Gentler IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#45 Boyd, OODA-loop and Agile Business
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#31 Tandem Memo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#3 How an obscure British PC maker invented ARM and changed the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#2 How an obscure British PC maker invented ARM and changed the world

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

OSI Model

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: OSI Model
Date: 03 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
In the 80s I was on the XTP technical advisory board ... with lots of gov. interested, they pushed for official standard. Taking it to ISO/ANSI x3s3.3 (standards group for network layer) as High Speed Protocol (HSP), it got rejected. Claim was the ISO x3s3.3 was restricted to only passing standards that conformed to the OSI model and claimed XTP/HSP violated the OSI model for three reasons: 1) it supported internetworking which didn't exist in OSI, 2) it skipped the transport/network (level4/level3) interface, going directly to LAN MAC interface, and 3) it supported the LAN MAC interface which didn't exist in OSI (sitting somewhere in the middle of level3).

XTP/HSP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#xtphsp

In the early/mid 90s, we were consultants at small client/server startup that wanted to do payment transactions on something they called commerce server, they had also invented this technology called "SSL" they wanted to use. My impression at the IETF meetings was big push for IPSEC as part of the IP stack was (at least partially) inhibited by the difficulty deploying new kernel ip-stacks ... while SSL was implemented in application (browser) easily deployed.

payment gateway posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#gateway

downside was that they deployed "SSL" on TCP ... where each "SSL" interaction was new session ... as commerce webserver load increased, started to see webservers where 95% of the CPU was spent running the FINWAIT list (part of session close). The small client/server eventually installed multiprocessor Sequent systems with DYNIX which had already addressed the FINWAIT overhead ... but it took another six months or so before other platforms were deploying FINWAIT list processing fix to handle "SSL" activity.

some posts mentioning FINWAIT
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#86 IBM Research, Adtech, Science Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#29 Quic gives the internet's data transmission foundation a needed speedup
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#74 21 random but totally appropriate ways to celebrate the World Wide Web's 30th birthday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#102 Netscape: The Fire That Filled Silicon Valley's First Bubble
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#63 tablets and desktops was Has Microsoft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#45 learning Unix, was progress in e-mail, such as AOL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#54 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#52 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#127 Early Networking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#43 How the internet was invented
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#113 Is there a source for detailed, instruction-level performance info?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#96 TCP joke
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#71 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#25 The real story of how the Internet became so vulnerable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#50 Western Union envisioned internet functionality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#2 Knowledge Center Outage May 3rd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#76 No Internet. No Microsoft Windows. No iPods. This Is What Tech Was Like In 1984
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#26 There Is Still Hope
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#13 Is it time for a revolution to replace TLS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#7 Last Gasp for Hard Disk Drives
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#48 Google takes on Internet Standards with TCP Proposals, SPDY standardization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#46 OT: "Highway Patrol" back on TV
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#8 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#83 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#15 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#89 False Start's sad demise: Google abandons noble attempt to make SSL less painful
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#20 Writing article on telework/telecommuting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#6 Founders of SSL Call Game Over?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#11 Is the magic and romance killed by Windows (and Linux)?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Fridays

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Fridays
Date: 03 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#79 IBM Fridays

IBM Mainframe user group SHARE,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHARE_(computing)

would have four meetings a year ... two large meetings six months apart with two medium sized meetings between the major share. Evening was "SCIDS" (Society for Continous Inebriation during SHARE) with "open bar" (the "open bar" and cost of the alcohol was bundled with the conference registration ... for the IBMers). SCIDS was also the location of the HASP sing along.
https://share.confex.com/share/125/webprogram/Handout/Session17616/17616%20Singalong%20session.pdf

Within a year of taking a two semester hr intro to fortran/computers, the univ. hired me fulltime to be responsible for mainframe systems ... which also included attending SHARE meetings, continued to attend SHARE after being hired fulltime by Boeing and then by IBM. Was at the sing along where Boney Fingers was first performed.
http://www.mxg.com/thebuttonman/boney.asp

past SHARE and/or Boney Finger posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#48 SUSE Reviving Usenet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#95 SUSE Reviving Usenet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#23 fast sort/merge, OoO S/360 descendants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#68 TYMSHARE, VMSHARE, and Adventure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#47 Dynamic Adaptive Resource Management
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#55 SHARE (& GUIDE)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#43 Blank 80-column punch cards up for grabs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#33 Univac 90/30 DIAG instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#42 IBM Powerpoint sales presentations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#40 Teaching IBM class
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#84 1977: Zork
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#81 The Golden Age of computer user groups
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#25 IBM Acronyms
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#66 Facebook Knows More About You Than the CIA
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#92 MVS Boney Fingers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#33 Online History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#86 OS/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#63 Which Books Can You Recommend For Learning Computer Programming?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#1 IBM board OK repurchase of another $15B of stock
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008p.html#73 History of preprocessing (Burroughs ALGOL)

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Is Private Equity Overrated?

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Is Private Equity Overrated?
Date: 05 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
Is Private Equity Overrated? The strategy's returns increasingly may not provide the stellar performance that investors have been sold.
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/04/business/is-private-equity-overrated.html?referringSource=articleShare
But private equity's returns increasingly may not provide the stellar performance that investors have been sold -- and the returns can be misleadingly calculated in a way that overstates success.
... snip ...

... note the industry had gotten such a bad reputation in the 80s S&L crisis ... that they changed the name to private equity and "junk bonds" became "high-yield bonds"

SEC Chair Gary Gensler, Ever So Politely, Signals Intent to Cut Private Equity Grifting Way Back
https://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2021/11/sec-chair-gary-gensler-ever-so-politely-signals-intent-to-cut-private-equity-grifting-way-back.html

Is private equity helping or hurting healthcare?
https://www.modernhealthcare.com/article/20180710/NEWS/180719998/is-private-equity-helping-or-hurting-healthcare
How Private Equity Is Ruining American Health Care. Investors have been buying up doctor's offices, cutting costs, and, critics say, putting pressure on physicians in ways that hurt patients. The pandemic could make things even worse.
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2020-05-20/private-equity-is-ruining-health-care-covid-is-making-it-worse
Private equity keeps buying up health care companies. Should patients worry?
https://www.advisory.com/daily-briefing/2018/06/20/private-equity

Note that AMEX was in competition with KKR for leverage-buyout of RJR and KKR wins. KKR runs into some trouble with RJR and hires away AMEX president to turn it around.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbarians_at_the_Gate:_The_Fall_of_RJR_Nabisco

... especially after turn of century, large private-equity companies buying up gov. contractors and beltway bandits (including company that will employ Snowden) and hiring prominent politicians to lobby congress to outsource lots of the gov to their companies.
http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2007/10/barbarians-capitol-private-equity-public-enemy/
"Lou Gerstner, former ceo of ibm, now heads the Carlyle Group, a Washington-based global private equity firm whose 2006 revenues of $87 billion were just a few billion below ibm's. Carlyle has boasted George H.W. Bush, George W. Bush, and former Secretary of State James Baker III on its employee roster."
... snip ...

there are laws against companies using money from gov. contracts to lobby congress, but somehow the money is laundered when pushed up to private-equity owners. PE owners also seem to be at the fore-front of the success of failure culture (more money from series of gov. project failures).
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/

recent threads on the transition from corporation charters were for project in the public interest, then transition to self-interest (and didn't need to serve any public purpose) and stakeholders ... and then from stakeholders to just shareholders in the 80s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#48 The System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#52 The System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#68 The System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#75 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory

private-equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
success of failure posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Internet Old Farts

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Internet Old Farts
Date: 05 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
some old email

Date: 10/22/82 14:25:57
To: CSNET mailing list
Subject: CSNET PhoneNet connection functional

The IBM San Jose Research Lab is the first IBM site to be registered on CSNET (node-id is IBM-SJ), and our link to the PhoneNet relay at University of Delaware has just become operational! For initial testing of the link, I would like to have traffic from people who normally use the ARPANET, and who would be understanding about delays, etc. If you are such a person, please send me your userid (and nodeid if not on SJRLVM1), and I'll send instructions on how to use the connection. People outside the department or without prior usage of of ARPANET may also register at this time if there is a pressing need, such as being on a conference program committee, etc.

CSNET (Computer Science NETwork) is funded by NSF, and is an attempt to connect all computer science research institutions in the U.S. It does not have a physical network of its own, but rather is a set of common protocols used on top of the ARPANET (Department of Defense), TeleNet (GTE), and PhoneNet (the regular phone system). The lowest-cost entry is through PhoneNet, which only requires the addition of a modem to an existing computer system. PhoneNet offers only message transfer (off-line, queued, files). TeleNet and ARPANET in allow higher-speed connections and on-line network capabilities such as remote file lookup and transfer on-line, and remote login.

... snip ... top of post, old email index

Date: 30 Dec 1982 14:45:34 EST (Thursday)
From: Nancy Mimno mimno@Bbn-Unix
Subject: Notice of TCP/IP Transition on ARPANET
To: csnet-liaisons at Udel-Relay
Cc: mimno at Bbn-Unix
Via: Bbn-Unix; 30 Dec 82 16:07-EST
Via: Udel-Relay; 30 Dec 82 13:15-PDT
Via: Rand-Relay; 30 Dec 82 16:30-EST

ARPANET Transition 1 January 1983
Possible Service Disruption
---------------------------------

Dear Liaison,

As many of you may be aware, the ARPANET has been going through the major transition of shifting the host-host level protocol from NCP (Network Control Protocol/Program) to TCP-IP (Transmission Control Protocol - Internet Protocol). These two host-host level protocols are completely different and are incompatible. This transition has been planned and carried out over the past several years, proceeding from initial test implementations through parallel operation over the last year, and culminating in a cutover to TCP-IP only 1 January 1983. DCA and DARPA have provided substantial support for TCP-IP development throughout this period and are committed to the cutover date.

The CSNET team has been doing all it can to facilitate its part in this transition. The change to TCP-IP is complete for all the CSNET host facilities that use the ARPANET: the CSNET relays at Delaware and Rand, the CSNET Service Host and Name Server at Wisconsin, the CSNET CIC at BBN, and the X.25 development system at Purdue. Some of these systems have been using TCP-IP for quite a while, and therefore we expect few problems. (Please note that we say "few", not "NO problems"!) Mail between Phonenet sites should not be affected by the ARPANET transition. However, mail between Phonenet sites and ARPANET sites (other than the CSNET facilities noted above) may be disrupted.

The transition requires a major change in each of the more than 250 hosts on the ARPANET; as might be expected, not all hosts will be ready on 1 January 1983. For CSNET, this means that disruption of mail communication will likely result between Phonenet users and some ARPANET users. Mail to/from some ARPANET hosts may be delayed; some host mail service may be unreliable; some hosts may be completely unreachable. Furthermore, for some ARPANET hosts this disruption may last a long time, until their TCP-IP implementations are up and working smoothly. While we cannot control the actions of ARPANET hosts, please let us know if we can assist with problems, particularly by clearing up any confusion. As always, we are or (617)497-2777.

Please pass this information on to your users.

Respectfully yours,
Nancy Mimno
CSNET CIC Liaison

... snip ... top of post, old email index

Date: 02/02/83 23:49:45
To: CSNET mailing list
Subject: CSNET headers, CSNET status

You may have noticed that since ARPANET switched to TCP/IP and the new version of software on top of it, message headers have become ridiculously long. Some of it is because of tracing information that has been added to facilitate error isolation and "authentication", and some of it I think is a bug (the relay adds a 'From' and a 'Date' header although there already are headers with that information in the message). This usually doesn't bother people on the ARPANET because they have smart mail reading programs that understand the headers and only display the relevant ones. I have proposed a mail reader/sender program that understands about ARPANET headers (RFC822) as a summer project, so maybe we will sometime enjoy the same priviledge.

The file CSNET STATUS1 on the CSNET disk (see instructions below for how to access it) contains some clarification of the problems that have been experienced with the TCP/IP conversion. Here is a summary:

- Nodes that don't yet talk TCP (but the old NCP) can be accessed through the UDel-Relay. So if you think you have problems reaching a node because of this, append @Udel-Relay to the ARPANET address.

- You can find out about the status of hosts (e.g., if they run TCP or not) by sending ANY MESSAGE to Status@UDel-Relay (capitalization is NOT significant).

- If your messages are undeliverable, you get a notice after two days, and your messages get returned after 4 days.

- Avoid using any of the fancy address forms allowed by the new header format (RFC822).

- The TCP transition was a lot more trouble than the ARPANET people had anticipated.

... snip ... top of post, old email index

Co-worker at IBM Cambridge Science Center was responsible for the (non-SNA) internal network (larger than arpanet/internet until sometime mid/late 80s).

science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech

We both transfer out to IBM San Jose Research in 1977. "IBM'S MISSED OPPORTUNITY WITH THE INTERNET" (gone behind paywall but lives free at wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20000124004147/http://www1.sjmercury.com/svtech/columns/gillmor/docs/dg092499.htm
also Edson (passes Aug2020)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edson_Hendricks

Internal network technology also used for the corporate sponsored bitnet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BITNET
also extended to Europe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Academic_Research_Network
NSF funded CSNET later merges with BITNET
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSNET

bitnet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet

At change-over to internetworking protocol there were approx 250 hosta and 100 IMP network nodes ... at the time the internal corporate network was rapidly heading for 1000. Old post with list of corporate locations (around the world) that added one or more nodes during 1983:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#8

corporate network network required all external links to be encrypted ... which tended to cause problems with various gov. especially when crossing national boundaries, mid-80s, largest link encryptor vendor claimed that the corporate network had at least half of all link encryptors in the world.

internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet

Starting early 80s, I also had HSDT project ... T1 (1.5mbits/sec) and faster computer links (both terrestrial and satellite) and was working with NSF director ... was suppose to get $20M to interconnect the NSF supercomputer centers ... then congress cuts the budget, some other things happen and eventually an RFP is released (in part based on what we already had running). Preliminary Announcement (28Mar1986)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#12
"The OASC has initiated three programs: The Supercomputer Centers Program to provide Supercomputer cycles; the New Technologies Program to foster new supercomputer software and hardware developments; and the Networking Program to build a National Supercomputer Access Network - NSFnet."
... snip ...

HSDT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
NSFNET posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet

Internal politics prevent us from bidding, the NSF Director tries to help writing the company a letter 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO) with support from other gov. agencies, but that just makes the internal politics worse. As regional networks connect in, it becomes the NSFNET backbone, precursor to modern internet
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/401444/grid-computing/

internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet

I was attended some of the NII (High Performance Computing Act of 1991) meetings at LLNL ... some of which required vendors to anti-up equipment to participate. Later Singapore invited all the NII participants to do one for them (fully funded, partially making up for US short fall in funding). Old email about having conflicting meetings and one of the other vendors stood in for me at LLNL and then came by to update me on what happened:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#email920129

part of HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

I was also blamed for online computer conferencing on the internal network in the late 70s and early 80s. After Jim Gray left research for Tandem in fall1980, we would periodically visit him. The computer conferencing really took off spring 1981 after I distributed a Tandem trip report (some 300 active people, but claims possibly 25,000 reading). One of the outcomes was resercher paid to sit in the back of my office taking notes on how I communicated ... face-to-face, telephone, went with me to meetings, got copies of all my incoming and outgoing email and logs of all instant messages. Result was internal research reports, conference talks, papers, books and Stanford Phd (joint with language and computer AI, winograd on the computer side).

some CMC posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc

Summer of 1981, there was also visits to other research institutions for (computer) comparison with IBM, some summary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#61
Bell Labs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006n.html#56
Xerox
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#37
CMU
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007d.html#14 --
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Internet Old Farts

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Internet Old Farts
Date: 06 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#83 Internet Old Farts

High Performance Computing Act of 1991 & NII
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Information_Infrastructure

in 1989, also get a project HA/6000 originally high availability RS/6000 for the NYTimes to move their newspaper system (ATEX) off VAX/Cluster. Then when I start doing technical/scientific cluster scale-up with national labs and commercial cluster scale-up with RDBMS vendors (oracle, informix, ingres, sybase), I rename it HA/CMP (High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing). Old post with reference to JAN1992 meeting in Ellison's (Oracle CEO) conference room on HA/CMP (16-way by mid-year, 128-way by year end).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13

Then within possibly a few hrs of the LLNL NII meeting email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#email920129
cluster scale-up is transferred, announced as IBM supercomputer (for technical/scientific *ONLY*) and we are told we can't work on anything with more than four processors. Somebody also says that the (mainframe) DB2 (RDBMS) group were complaining that if we were allowed to continue, it would be years ahead of them. We leave IBM a few months later. IBM supercomputer press, for scientific and technical "ONLY"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters1
National Lab interest in cluster supercomputers caught IBM surprise (modulo I've been doing stuff with them on&off going back to Jan1979
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters2

ha/cmp posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM and Internet Old Farts

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM and Internet Old Farts
Date: 06 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#83 Internet Old Farts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#84 Internet Old Farts

Other IBM TCP/IP trivia: Communication group was fiercely fighting off releasing mainframe TCP/IP support. When they lost, they changed their tactic and said that since they had corporate strategic ownership of everything that crossed the datacenter walls, it had to be released through them. What shipped had aggregate sustained 44kbyte/sec thruput using nearly whole 3090 processor. I did changes for RFC1044 support and in some tuning tests at Cray Research between Cray and (ibm midrange) 4341, got sustained mainframe channel speed throughput using only modest amount of 4341 processor ... something like 500 times improvement in bytes moved per instruction executed.

RFC1044 posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#1044

Note: Being blamed for online computer conferencing, "Tandem Memos" (folklore when corporate executive committee was told, 5of6 wanted to fire me) and other transgressions, I got transferred to Yorktown, but left to live in San Jose, offfice in SJR and then Almaden ... as well as wing of offices and labs in Los Gatos ... but had to commute to YKT a couple times/month (so some of this could be claimed to involve YKT)

online computer conferencing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc

the red/blue teaming for NSFNET T1->T3 upgrade was just small piece .... there was all sorts of executive stuff going on regarding NSFNET .... somebody managed to collect a lot of their email and forward to me ... in the past, I posted a very small piece, heavily snipped and redacted to protect the guilty ... some of it including fabricating capabilities.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email870109

NSFNET posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Internet Old Farts

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM and Internet Old Farts
Date: 06 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#83 Internet Old Farts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#84 Internet Old Farts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#85 IBM and Internet Old Farts

ARPANET nodes were IMP network node boxes ... at the cutover to internetworking protocol on 1JAN1983 there were approx. 250 HOSTS talking to 100 IMP networking nodes. In the old farts post ... I've included old email that mentions after some years of testing getting ready for the cut over ... they had more trouble than expected.

The internal network was done by co-worker at science center (originally on CP67) ... and was larger than arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until sometime mid/late 80s.

science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet

note that the 2nd CP67 installation was at MIT Lincoln Labs (3rd was at univ where I was undergraduate and fulltime employee for IBM mainframe systems) ... which had an ARPANET IMP and did CP67/CMS ... from Internet standards RFC101, Feb1971. It also mentions 360/65 at RAND, 360/75 at UCSB

One of the inhibitors to ARPANET growth had been requirement to get gov. justification/approval to acquire

arpanet/internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM and Internet Old Farts

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM and Internet Old Farts
Date: 07 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#83 Internet Old Farts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#84 Internet Old Farts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#85 IBM and Internet Old Farts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#86 IBM and Internet Old Farts

a lot of this was centered with the communication group ... who were infamous for dirty trick IBM corporate politics. I oft repeated the case of senior disk engineer getting talk scheduled at internal annual world-wide communication group conference supposedly on 3174 performance, but opened the talk with the statement that the communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division. While communication group could block any kind of client/server or distributed computing product from the disk division ... what was left was the disk division could do venture investment in client/server and distributed computing startups who would use IBM disks. The disk division executive running the investment program, we had done work with him in the past ... and he would ask us to drop by his investments and provide any assistance.

communication group battling to preserve their dumb terminal paradigm posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal

another case was branch office for one of the baby bells ropes me into trying to turn out some work they had done as type-1 IBM product. They had implented VTAM&NCP emulation in series/1 that had significantly more function, performance and price/performance ... and worked with standard mainframe VTAM by simulating everything as cross-domain. Communication group dirty tricks were infamous and several of the people attempted to put in place countermeasures to all the known tricks that the communication group was known to use. I was to bring up to type-1 standards for IBM product release at the same time started an aggresive program to move the implementation to RIOS chip (i.e. RS/6000) base. Part of presentation that I made at SNA ARB meeting in Raleigh
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#67
part of presentation one of the baby bell people made at spring '86 IBM Common user group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#70
what communication group did next to torpedo the effort can only be described as truth is stranger than fiction.

both of the above were going on overlapped with effort to do the NSFNET supercomputer interconnect for the NSF director ... as well as a computing cluster project seeing how many processor chips could be crammed in a rack and how many racks can be tied together. Old email YKT roping me into a week get together about the rack compute cluster at the sametime I was to present to the NSF director ... and having to find a substitute to make the NSF presentation.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#email850314
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007d.html#email850315
other NSF related email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#email850312
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#email850313

NSFNET posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet

OS/2 trivia: early on, Boca sent email to Endicott VM group because they wanted to learn how to do scheduling for OS/2 ... Endicott sent them to the Kingston VM group ... Kingston VM group sent them to me.

Date: Fri, 4 Dec 87 15:58:10 est
From: wheeler
Subject: os2 dispatching

fyi ... somebody in boca sent a message to endicott asking about how to do dispatch/scheduling (i.e. how does vm handle it) because os2 has several deficiencies that need fixing. VM Endicott forwarded it to VM Kingston and VM Kingston forwarded it to me. I still haven't seen a description of OS2 yet so don't yet know about how to go about solving any problems.

... snip ... top of post, old email index

Date: Fri, 4 Dec 87 15:53:29 est
From: wheeler
To: somebody at bcrvmpc1 (i.e. internal vm network node in boca)
Subject: os2 dispatching

I've sent you a couple things that I wrote recently that relate to the subject of scheduling, dispatching, system management, etc. If you are interested in more detailed description of the VM stuff, I can send you some descriptions of things that I've done to enhance/fix what went into the base VM system ... i.e. what is there now, what its limitations are, and what further additions should be added.

... snip ... top of post, old email index

dynamic resource management, dispatching and scheduling posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare

semi m'soft & OS/2 trivia: After leaving IBM had done some consulting for small client/server startup that wanted to do payment transactions on their server. Had to put together internet gateways to the financial networks (with several security layers) and the communication between their servers and the gateway. The startup had also invented this technology they called "SSL" they wanted to use, the result is now frequently called "electronic commerce". In part for having done "electronic commerce" was asked to help m'soft and some other vendors do platform & security for electronic banking ... and spend a year in Redmond. One of the other vendors was a small security operation that specialized in Kerberos and had a contract to port Kerberos to NT for what becomes "Active Directory". We would have meetings with their CEO a couple times a month ... he had formally been head of IBM POK mainframe ... and then went to Boca to head up PS2&OS2. Part of the effort, I did a security chip ... and had a booth at world-wide retail banking show in Miami and joint press release with several of the players ... in this old post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#224


Internet trivia: after leaving IBM, the Internet Standards RFC editor Postel:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon_Postel

would let me help with the periodically re-released STD1. He also sponsored my talk on "Why Internet Isn't Business Critical Dataprocessing" based on the compensating processes I had to do for electronic commerce (note: I had absolute authority over everything between webservers and payment networks, but could only make recommendations on the browser/webserver side, some of which were almost immediately violated).

arpanet and internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet
payment gateway posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#gateway

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM and Internet Old Farts

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM and Internet Old Farts
Date: 08 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#83 Internet Old Farts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#84 Internet Old Farts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#85 IBM and Internet Old Farts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#86 IBM and Internet Old Farts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#87 IBM and Internet Old Farts

At Interop '88, I had IBM PC/RT workstation, w/megapel display in non-IBM booth at immediate right angle to the SUN booth. Case was in the SUN booth demonstrating SNMP and con'ed him into installing on the PC/RT. Day/night before show open the (four) floor networks were crashing ... turns out first time large number of machines all with connections to four nets with packet forwarding default turned on resulting in packet forwarding storm ... led to item in RFC1122 that gateway (packet forwarding) defaults to "off".

It seemed like half the booths had OSI/GOSIP displays (some gov agency mandates to use GOSIP and eliminate internet&tcp/ip).

interop 88 posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#interop88

Old email about co-worker settled getting Class A 9-net (chosen for being a Beatles fan) after discussions at Interop 88.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#email881216

internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM PROFs

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM PROFs
Date: 08 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
PROFS group picked up some number of internal apps and then wrapped menu interface around them ... including a very early VMSG version for the email client. When the VMSG author tried to offer them a significantly improved version, they tried to get him fired. The whole thing quieted down when he demonstrated that every PROFs note had his initials in a non-displayed field. After that he only shared his source with me and one other person.

Mainstream IBM had hard time adapting to the rules for charging for software (23June1969 unbundling announce, revenue had to cover the original development as well as ongoing product costs, they typically did three forecasts ... price sensitivity ... high, medium, and low price for number of customers and resulting total revenue. First one I knew about was JES2 networking ... there was no price that the revenue would cover costs. The internal network (CP67, then VM370) software was originally done by co-worker at science center ... but POK was fighting hard to have corporate kill VM370 ... and in the mean time managed to block a VNET/RSCS networking announcement. The JES2 group finally came up with gimmick, VNET by itself met requirement at $30/month (and large number of customers, like all the univ. BITNET locations) ... they would announce JES2 networking and VNET/RSCS as a "joint product" ... each license $600/month ... the significant excess revenue from VNET/RSCS licenses used to underwrite JES2 networking.

23jun1969 unbundling posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundle
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet

Something similar happened with ISPF. Didn't have to be a "joint" product ... just the VM370 (performance tools staffed by 3 people) product moved into the same organization as ISPF (supposedly staffed by 200 people). The two products had about the same total revenue ... putting them in the same organization allowed almost all the revenue from VM370 performance tools to used for ISPF).

JES2 networking trivia: The JES2 networking was moved over from HASP ... the originally HASP source had "TUCC" in col68-71 of each card, from the univ. that originally implemented it. The implementation 1) used unused slots in the 255 entry HASP psuedo device table (typically something like 160-200), 2) discard traffic if either the origin or destination weren't in the local table, 3) had intermixed network and JCL fields in the header, 4) not a clean network layered implementation. VNET/RSCS 1) didn't have a limit on number of entries, 2) didn't have to check the origin, just the destination, 3) clean network layered implementation. Because of VNET/RSCS clean layered implementation, it was possible to deploy VNET/RSCS drivers that emulated JES2/NJE ... however, JES2/NJE had to be restricted to protected boundary nodes ... in part to keep them from trashing traffic that originated from unknown node for destined for an unknown node (by 1983, the internal network was passing 1000 nodes and most JES2/MVS systems were still restricted to 160 node definitions).

The other JES2/MVS characteristic was because the lack of a clean, layered implementation ... traffic from JES2/MVS at one release had a habit of crashing the receiving JES2/MVS running at a different release. As a result, a whole library of VNET/RSCS JES2/NJE drivers grew up that had specialized code that could translate JES2 header format from sending release to the format for the JES2 receiver (to keep MVS from being crashed) ... pretty much every JES2/MVS system had to be hidden behind a VNET/RSCS system with the appropriate JES2 format changing software. There is the infamous case of updates to a San Jose JES2/MVS system was crashing a Hursley JES2/MVS ... and Hursley blamed it on the Hursley VNET/RSCS people ... because they didn't update the VNET/RSCS format JES2 header swizzle for the San Jose changes (which the Hursley VNET/RSCS people had no knowledge about)

HASP, JES2, NJE, etc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#hasp

some recent posts mentioning PROFS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#79 IBM Fridays
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#34 APL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#85 Happy 50th Birthday, EMAIL!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#83 Happy 50th Birthday, EMAIL!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#23 Programming Languages in IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#86 IBM EMAIL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#68 IBM ITPS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#60 PROFS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#54 PROFS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#53 PROFS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#52 PROFS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#50 PROFS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#33 IBM/PC 12Aug1981
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#30 Departure Email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#48 Cloud Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#43 IBM Powerpoint sales presentations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#65 IBM Computer Literacy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#37 HA/CMP Marketing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#37 Early mainframe security

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Gasoline costs more these days, but price spikes have a long history and happen for a host of reasons

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Gasoline costs more these days, but price spikes have a long history and happen for a host of reasons
Date: 09 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
Gasoline costs more these days, but price spikes have a long history and happen for a host of reasons
https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/12/09/gasoline-costs-more-these-days-but-price-spikes-have-a-long-history-and-happen-for-a-host-of-reasons/

crude super spike summer 2008
https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/21/business/21oil.html
Griftopia did chapter on the event.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griftopia
https://www.amazon.com/Griftopia-Machines-Vampire-Breaking-America-ebook/dp/B003F3FJS2/

CFTC use to have regulations that only those with significant positions could play, because speculators resulted in wild, irrational price swings. Then 19 secret letters were sent allowing specific speculators to play ... they pump&dump on the way up and then short on the way down, enormous skimming from the volatility they manipulate.

Later, a member of congress released detailed transactions showing who was responsible for the volatility & price spikes. The funny thing was that the press then pilloried/vilified the member of congress for violating the corporations' privacy (as opposed to criticize those manipulating the market). That seemed to be the long, continuing effort trying to establish constitutional human rights for corporations (corporations are people)

False Profits: Reviving the Corporation's Public Purpose
https://www.uclalawreview.org/false-profits-reviving-the-corporations-public-purpose/
I Origins of the Corporation. Although the corporate structure dates back as far as the Greek and Roman Empires, characteristics of the modern corporation began to appear in England in the mid-thirteenth century.[4] "Merchant guilds" were loose organizations of merchants "governed through a council somewhat akin to a board of directors," and organized to "achieve a common purpose"[5] that was public in nature. Indeed, merchant guilds registered with the state and were approved only if they were "serving national purposes."[6]
... snip ...

West from Appomattox: The Reconstruction of America after the Civil War
https://www.amazon.com/West-Appomattox-Reconstruction-America-after-ebook/dp/B0015R3Q3A/
loc2593-97:
Before the mid-nineteenth century, a company interested in incorporating had to prove to a state legislature that it was performing a function that directly promoted the public good. During the Civil War, this definition shifted. A corporation still had to perform a public function but was no longer bound by the moral imperatives imposed on early corporations. This enabled more and more businesses to incorporate. Incorporation meant that they could sell stock, which represented a share of the business, on the open market to raise money.
... snip ...

In the 1880s, Supreme Court was scammed (by the railroads) to give corporations "person rights" under the 14th amendment.
https://www.amazon.com/We-Corporations-American-Businesses-Rights-ebook/dp/B01M64LRDJ/
pgxiii/loc45-50:
IN DECEMBER 1882, ROSCOE CONKLING, A FORMER SENATOR and close confidant of President Chester Arthur, appeared before the justices of the Supreme Court of the United States to argue that corporations like his client, the Southern Pacific Railroad Company, were entitled to equal rights under the Fourteenth Amendment. Although that provision of the Constitution said that no state shall "deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law" or "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws," Conkling insisted the amendment's drafters intended to cover business corporations too.
... snip ...

... testimony falsely claiming authors of 14th amendment intended to include corporations pgxiv/loc74-78:
Between 1868, when the amendment was ratified, and 1912, when a scholar set out to identify every Fourteenth Amendment case heard by the Supreme Court, the justices decided 28 cases dealing with the rights of African Americans--and an astonishing 312 cases dealing with the rights of corporations.

pg36/loc726-28:
On this issue, Hamiltonians were corporationalists--proponents of corporate enterprise who advocated for expansive constitutional rights for business. Jeffersonians, meanwhile, were populists--opponents of corporate power who sought to limit corporate rights in the name of the people.

pg229/loc3667-68:
IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY, CORPORATIONS WON LIBERTY RIGHTS, SUCH AS FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND RELIGION, WITH THE HELP OF ORGANIZATIONS LIKE THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
... snip ...

griftopia posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#griftopia
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
inequality posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality

past posts mentioning corporations are people efforts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#32 Counterfeit Capitalism: Why a Monopolized Economy Leads to Inflation and Shortages
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#161 Fascists
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#158 Goliath
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#144 PayPal, Western Union Named & Shamed for Overcharging the Most on Money Transfers to Mexico
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#82 Prying Open The Overton Window
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#45 Corporations Are People
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#44 Corporations Are People
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#43 Corporations Are People
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#42 Corporations Are People
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#41 Corporations Are People
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#1 The Supreme Court Is Not Well. And the People Know It
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#59 The rise and fall of IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#57 Forget China - it's America's own economic system that's broken; US weakness is inbuilt
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#37 Is America A Christian Nation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#71 IBM revenue has fallen for 20 quarters -- but it used to run its business very differently
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#47 Union Pacific Announces 150th Anniversary Celebration Commemorating Transcontinental Railroad's Completion
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#12 For The Average Investor, The Next Bear Market Will Likely Be The Last
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#8 Corporations Are People' Is Built on an Incredible 19th-Century Lie
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#3 Corporations Are People' Is Built on an Incredible 19th-Century Lie
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#60 Grant (& Conkling)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#78 A Short History Of Corporations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#8 The LLC Loophole; In New York, where an LLC is legally a person, companies can use the vehicles to blast through campaign finance limits
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#113 The Supreme Court Is Headed Back to the 19th Century
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#107 The LLC Loophole; In New York, where an LLC is legally a person
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#72 Top CEOs' compensation increased 17.6 percent in 2017
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#94 Barb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#93 Barb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#5 The 1970s engineering recession
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#63 endless medical arguments, Disregard post (another screwup)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#35 Hammond threatens EU with aggressive tax changes after Brexit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#38 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#53 Amdahl UTS manual
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#45 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#16 IBM Shrinks - Analysts Hate It

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

This Air Force Targeting AI Thought It Had a 90% Success Rate. It Was More Like 25%

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: This Air Force Targeting AI Thought It Had a 90% Success Rate. It Was More Like 25%.
Date: 09 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
This Air Force Targeting AI Thought It Had a 90% Success Rate. It Was More Like 25%. Too little of the right kind of data can throw off target algorithms. But try telling the algorithm that.
https://www.defenseone.com/technology/2021/12/air-force-targeting-ai-thought-it-had-90-success-rate-it-was-more-25/187437/

The Persistent Myth of U.S. Precision Bombing
https://consortiumnews.com/2018/06/20/the-persistent-myth-of-u-s-precision-bombing/
In 2003, Rob Hewson, the editor of Jane's Air-Launched Weapons, estimated about 20-25 percent of the U.S. and U.K.'s "precision" weapons were missing their targets in Iraq, noting that this was a significant improvement over the 1999 bombing of Yugoslavia, when 30-40 percent were off-target. "There's a significant gap between 100 percent and reality," Hewson said.
... snip ...

During desert storm, Pentagon had claims about precision bombing that it was 100 times better than WW2 and only needed 1/100th the bombs to do the same amount of damage. Note that desert storm was 43days and only the last 100 hrs was land war. GAO desert storm air effectiveness study had A10s doing over million 30mm DU shells (@$13/shell, $13m total) and 5000 Maverick missiles (@$144,000, $72M). The DU shells were so effective that Iraqi crews were walking away from their tanks (as sitting ducks, later description of fierce tank battles with coalition forces taking no damage, don't mention if Iraqi tanks had anybody home). There was also a problem with Mavericks that accounted for some number of friendly fire deaths (friendly fire deaths from precision bombing also in the current wars).
http://www.gao.gov/products/NSIAD-97-134

There was also claims that every Patriot fired hit its target, then MIT did study that many missed, and that they couldn't even find conclusive proof that any actually hit. There were claims that some Patriot explosions may have been close enough to throw SCUD off target ... but SCUDs were so inaccurate that off target was standard.
http://tech.mit.edu/V112/N26/postol.26n.html

some precision bombing &/or Patriot missile posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#32 Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#31 In the Middle East, the US was Never about Democracy Promotion
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#25 Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#8 Why Not Use Self-Driving Cars as Supercomputers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#2 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#104 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#48 The Kill Chain: Defending America in the Future of High-Tech Warfare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#55 Why Not Use Self-Driving Cars as Supercomputers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#60 Martial Arts "OODA-loop"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#46 Under God
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#69 13 Facts About American Prisons That Will Blow Your Mind
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#35 US Stealth Fighter Jets Like F-35, F-22 Raptors 'No Longer Stealth' In-Front Of New Russian, Chinese Radars?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#80 OSS in China: Prelude to Cold War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#59 WW2 Strategic Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#11 tablets and desktops was Has Microsoft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#80 The Victims of Agent Orange the U.S. Has Never Acknowledged
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#9 Air Force thinking of a new F-16ish fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#8 Air Force thinking of a new F-16ish fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#100 The U.S. Air Force Just Admitted The F-35 Stealth Fighter Has Failed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#46 Watch AI-controlled virtual fighters take on an Air Force pilot on August 18th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#80 Collins radio and Braniff Airways 1945
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#79 Collins radio and Braniff Airways 1945
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#62 Profit propaganda ads witch-hunt era
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#59 Acting Intelligence Chief Refuses to Testify, Prompting Standoff With Congress
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#53 Stealthy no more? A German radar vendor says it tracked the F-35 jet in 2018 -- from a pony farm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#111 The Violent American Century: War and Terror Since World War II
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#104 F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#92 The War Was Won Before Hiroshima--And the Generals Who Dropped the Bomb Knew It
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#91 Why F-5s Beat Out F-16s For The Navy's Latest Commercial Aggressor Contract
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#76 The Coming of American Fascism, 1920-1940
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#45 Sand and Steel
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#34 The Great Hack tells us data corrupts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#33 The Great Hack tells us data corrupts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#78 The Forever War Is So Normalized That Opposing It Is "Isolationism"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#69 The Forever War Is So Normalized That Opposing It Is "Isolationism"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#49 IBM NUMBERS BIPOLAR'S DAYS WITH G5 CMOS MAINFRAMES
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#26 D-Day And The Myth That The U.S. Defeated The Nazis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#17 Family of Secrets

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Cobol and Jean Sammet

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Cobol and Jean Sammet
Date: 09 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
Jean Sammet was also involved in Cobol. I was at IBM Cambridge Science Center on the 4th flr while Jean Sammet was at the IBM Boston Programming Center on the 3rd flr (and the science center computer center was on the 2nd flr). Periodically I would bring my kids in on weekends and typically Jean was the only other IBMer around and would complain about the noise the kids made.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_E._Sammet
https://history.computer.org/pioneers/sammet.html

'Women of COBOL' Episode 1: Overturning Biases on COBOL and Women in Tech
https://techchannel.com/Trends/11/2021/women-of-cobol-episode-1

Another former female IBMer: Ann Hardy
https://medium.com/chmcore/someone-elses-computer-the-prehistory-of-cloud-computing-bca25645f89
Ann Hardy is a crucial figure in the story of Tymshare and time-sharing. She began programming in the 1950s, developing software for the IBM Stretch supercomputer. Frustrated at the lack of opportunity and pay inequality for women at IBM -- at one point she discovered she was paid less than half of what the lowest-paid man reporting to her was paid -- Hardy left to study at the University of California, Berkeley, and then joined the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1962. At the lab, one of her projects involved an early and surprisingly successful time-sharing operating system.
... snip ...

If Discrimination, Then Branch: Ann Hardy's Contributions to Computing
https://computerhistory.org/blog/if-discrimination-then-branch-ann-hardy-s-contributions-to-computing/

Much more Ann Hardy at Computer History Museum
https://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/102717167
Ann rose up to become Vice President of the Integrated Systems Division at Tymshare, from 1976 to 1984, which did online airline reservations, home banking, and other applications. When Tymshare was acquired by McDonnell-Douglas in 1984, Ann's position as a female VP became untenable, and was eased out of the company by being encouraged to spin out Gnosis, a secure, capabilities-based operating system developed at Tymshare. Ann founded Key Logic, with funding from Gene Amdahl, which produced KeyKOS, based on Gnosis, for IBM and Amdahl mainframes. After closing Key Logic, Ann became a consultant, leading to her cofounding Agorics with members of Ted Nelson's Xanadu project.
... snip ...

Gnosis/KeyKOS trivia: I was brought in to review Gnosis as part of the spinoff to Key Logic.

4th gen language topic drift; NCSS and IDC were 60s commercial online service bureau CP67 spinoffs from the IBM Cambridge Science and quickly move up value stream to specialize in financial industry.

online commercial virtual machine service
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#timeshare

even before SQL (& RDBMS) originally done on VM370/CMS (aka System/R at IBM SJR, later tech transfer to Endicott for SQL/DS and to STL for DB2) there were other "4th Generation Languages", one of the original 4th generation languages, Mathematica made available through NCSS
http://www.decosta.com/Nomad/tales/history.html
One could say PRINT ACROSS MONTH SUM SALES BY DIVISION and receive a report that would have taken many hundreds of lines of Cobol to produce. The product grew in capability and in revenue, both to NCSS and to Mathematica, who enjoyed increasing royalty payments from the sizable customer base. FOCUS from Information Builders, Inc (IBI), did even better, with revenue approaching a reported $150M per year. RAMIS moved among several owners, ending at Computer Associates in 1990, and has had little limelight since. NOMAD's owners, Thomson, continue to market the language from Aonix, Inc. While the three continue to deliver 10-to-1 coding improvements over the 3GL alternatives of Fortran, Cobol, or PL/1, the movements to object orientation and outsourcing have stagnated acceptance.
... snip ...

other history
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramis_software
When Mathematica makes Ramis available to TYMSHARE for their VM370-based commercial online service (see Anne Hardy ref above), NCSS does their own version
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomad_software
and then follow-on FOCUS from IBI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOCUS

Information Builders's FOCUS product began as an alternate product to Mathematica's RAMIS, the first Fourth-generation programming language (4GL). Key developers/programmers of RAMIS, some stayed with Mathematica others left to form the company that became Information Builders, known for its FOCUS product

4th gen programming language
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth-generation_programming_language

this mentions "first financial language" done in 60s at IDC (spinoff from the IBM cambridge science center)
https://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/102658182
as an aside, a decade later, person responsible for FFL joins with another to form startup and does the original spreadsheet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VisiCalc

some recent posts mentioning Jean Sammet, 4th gen language, RAMIS and/or NOMAD
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#0 Women in Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#77 IBM 370 and Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#68 MTS, 360/67, FS, Internet, SNA
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#23 report writer alternatives
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#67 RDBMS, SQL, QBE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#16 The amount of software running on traditional servers is set to almost halve in the next 3 years amid the shift to the cloud, and it's great news for the data center business
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#4 IBM Midrange today?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#72 Jean Sammet - Designer of COBOL - A Computer of One's Own - Medium
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#85 z/VM Live Guest Relocation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#39 The complete history of the IBM PC, part two: The DOS empire strikes; The real victor was Microsoft, which built an empire on the back of a shadily acquired MS-DOS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#29 Db2! was: NODE.js for z/OS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#100 Jean Sammet, Co-Designer of a Pioneering Computer Language, Dies at 89
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#94 Jean Sammet, Co-Designer of a Pioneering Computer Language, Dies at 89
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#93 Jean Sammet, Co-Designer of a Pioneering Computer Language, Dies at 89
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#85 Great mainframe history(?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#28 {wtf} Tymshare SuperBasic Source Code

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

F20/Tigershark & Directed Appropriations

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: F20/Tigershark & Directed Appropriations
Date: 09 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
Boyd would imply that he was heavily involved in the F20/tigershark ... needed something significantly less expensive and less complex to maintain with better ratio of flying hrs to maint. hrs. They knew that F20/tigershark wouldn't gain any traction w/USAF so they started to concentrate on foreign market. However for their target customers, the F16 forces got congress for "directed appropriation" USAID (could *ONLY* be used for purchase of F16). The prospective countries would claim that F20 was much better suited for their needs, but it would require their own money ... while USAID would pay for the F16s. I've never run across any accounts of Boyd being involved in F20 ... just from his discussions.

Boyd posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
perpetual war posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war
military-industrial complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex

specific recent posts mentioning f20/tigershark and/or Directed Appropriations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#112 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#90 Afghanistan Proved Eisenhower Correct
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#57 After 9/11, the U.S. Got Almost Everything Wrong
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#53 The Kill Chain
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#49 The Counterinsurgency Myth
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#38 The Accumulated Evil of the Whole: That time Bush and Co. made the September 11 Attacks a Pretext for War on Iraq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#18 A War's Epitaph. For Two Decades, Americans Told One Lie After Another About What They Were Doing in Afghanistan
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#108 Tigershark: When What Might Have Been Became What Never Was
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#42 Afghanistan Down the Drain
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#2 The Disturbing Rise of the Corporate Mercenaries
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#67 Does America Like Losing Wars?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#50 Who Authorized America's Wars? And Why They Never End
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#4 Donald Rumsfeld, The Controversial Architect Of The Iraq War, Has Died
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#71 Inflating China Threat to Balloon Pentagon Budget
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#65 Biden takes steps to rein in 'forever wars' in Afghanistan and Iraq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#59 White House backs bill to end Iraq war military authorization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#46 SitRep: Is the F-35 officially a failure? Cost overruns, other issues prompt Air Force to look for "clean sheet" fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#40 The Blind Strategist: John Boyd and the American Art of War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#10 George W. Bush Can't Paint His Way Out of Hell
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#89 What the Iraq Invasion Revealed About How America Works
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#82 The Pentagon's Favorite Crowbar
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#80 OSS in China: Prelude to Cold War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#21 Fighting to Go Home: Operation Desert Storm, 30 Years Later
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#8 Air Force thinking of a new F-16ish fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#101 Three Wars, No Victory - Why?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Finland picks F-35

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Finland picks F-35
Date: 09 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
Finland picks F-35
https://breakingdefense.com/2021/12/finland-picks-f-35-in-11b-fighter-battle/
https://warisboring.com/finland-chooses-f-35a-lightning-ii-orders-64-fighter-jets-from-lockheed-martin/

Every since the Boyd/F20 references that the F16 forces lobbied Congress for "directed appropriation" USAID (could only be spent on F16s) for every F20 candidate country ... I've wondered about deals like this. ... F20/F16/USAID comment in this recent Boyd post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#93 F20/Tigershark & Directed Appropriations

I got sucked into evaluating/blogging about various F35 claims a few years ago ... some F35 supporters were constantly claiming stealth ... after various of my postings, then fell back to low-observable ... and then claiming I shouldn't be allowed to post such analysis. There was a Canadian author doing book about former co-worker at the IBM science center and asking me for information ... and I happened to throw in some details about Boyd as well as the F35 analysis. The author then started asking for a lot more F35 details, saying that they were providing it to somebody in the gov (much later I find out it was the Prime Minister).

Boyd posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

perpetual war posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war
military-industrial complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex

some recent posts mentioning F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#67 A Mini F-35?: Don't Go Crazy Over the Air Force's Stealth XQ-58A Valkyrie
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#88 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#55 America's 'White Elephant': Why F-35 Stealth Jets Are USAF's 'Achilles Heel' Amid Growing Chinese Threats
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#48 The Kill Chain: Defending America in the Future of High-Tech Warfare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#17 In Pursuit of Clarity: the Intellect and Intellectual Integrity of Pierre Sprey
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#16 In Pursuit of Clarity: the Intellect and Intellectual Integrity of Pierre Sprey
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#87 The Bunker: Follow All of the Money. F-35 Math 1.0 Another portent of problems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#48 The F-35 Fighter Jet Program Must be Grounded to Protect Pilots and Tax Dollars
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#88 The Bunker: More Rot in the Ranks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#46 SitRep: Is the F-35 officially a failure? Cost overruns, other issues prompt Air Force to look for "clean sheet" fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#35 US Stealth Fighter Jets Like F-35, F-22 Raptors 'No Longer Stealth' In-Front Of New Russian, Chinese Radars?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#18 Did They Miss Yet Another F-35 Cost Overrun?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#77 Cancel the F-35, Fund Infrastructure Instead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#0 THE PENTAGON'S FLYING FIASCO. Don't look now, but the F-35 is afterburnered toast
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#82 The F-35 and other Legacies of Failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#11 Air Force thinking of a new F-16ish fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#8 Air Force thinking of a new F-16ish fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#102 The U.S. Air Force Just Admitted The F-35 Stealth Fighter Has Failed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#100 The U.S. Air Force Just Admitted The F-35 Stealth Fighter Has Failed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#118 Pentagon: The F-35 breaks down too often and takes too long to repair
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#53 Stealthy no more? A German radar vendor says it tracked the F-35 jet in 2018 -- from a pony farm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#118 Armed with J-20 stealth fighters, China's future flattops could 'eventually fight US carriers'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#104 F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#49 IBM NUMBERS BIPOLAR'S DAYS WITH G5 CMOS MAINFRAMES
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#31 Supersonic speeds could cause big problems for the F-35's stealth coating
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#22 The American Military Sucks at Cybersecurity; A new report from US military watchdogs outlines hundreds of cybersecurity vulnerabilities

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Finland picks F-35

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Finland picks F-35
Date: 11 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#94 Finland picks F-35

So F35 eventual claims wasn't stealth/invisible ... but finding a golf ball somewhere on the horizon ... however they claimed that it was good enough that growlers were no longer needed for radar jamming.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_EA-18G_Growler

Open source has F35 with enough stealth as a bomb truck to attack opposition ground air defenses with F22 (air superiority) flying cover. W/o the F22 air superiority, now it is F35 with "stand-off" strategy. Also F35 "stealth"is different at different angles and radar frequencies. If you use one frequency to approx. locate F35 and use that to search for the golf ball for target, the number of computer calculations is radically reduced ... and it is possibly to calculate the approx. number of computer calculations. Then predict the speed of computer needed to do those calculations for real time targeting. Computer speed is somewhat related to size and electrical power ... with newer generations getting smaller and requiring less power. So it possibly to approx. predict when it is available for ground installation and then available for plane installation and missile installation. Four years ago, ye2017, article on autonomous, self driving cars had 100 times the computational speed needed to do the multi-frequency, real-time targeting ... so assume at least ground based.

Don't have electrical power & space numbers for different planes and missiles. However there was an article that said computers have advanced to a point where a 50 transmit/receive pair AESA can be as effective as the F22 AN/APG-77 2000 transmit/receive pair
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AN/APG-77
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phased_array
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_electronically_scanned_array

Then look for papers at international radar conferences on the subject and what countries the authors are from.

I haven't seen newer articles about growler no longer being needed ... but number of recent articles about the new generation of growler jammer pods for different frequencies.

A couple years ago, I was at a talk by commander of whidbey growlers ... talking about operating in the electronic cockpit. Claimed that they suspected that pilots passing out from lack of oxygen was that the electronic displays were so focusing the brain, that it was forgetting to breath (although newer generations of pilots that grew up with video games were doing better).

Boyd posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
perpetual war posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war
military-industrial complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex

some EA-18G posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#17 In Pursuit of Clarity: the Intellect and Intellectual Integrity of Pierre Sprey
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#47 Martial Arts "OODA-loop"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#35 US Stealth Fighter Jets Like F-35, F-22 Raptors 'No Longer Stealth' In-Front Of New Russian, Chinese Radars?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#100 The U.S. Air Force Just Admitted The F-35 Stealth Fighter Has Failed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#104 F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#81 Is LINUX the inheritor of the Earth?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#108 F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#54 RR songs, was Re: e50th/60th anniversary of SABRE--real-time airline reservations computer system
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#96 Lockheed Martin F-35 Jet's Software Delayed, GAO Says

other posts mentioning stealth radar &/or F35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#53 Stealthy no more? A German radar vendor says it tracked the F-35 jet in 2018 -- from a pony farm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#83 Is LINUX the inheritor of the Earth?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#86 Lawmakers to Military: Don't Buy Another 'Money Pit' Like F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#78 F-35 Multi-Role
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#77 Test Pilot Admits the F-35 Can't Dogfight
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#104 E.R. Burroughs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#61 5th generation stealth, thermal, radar signature
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#22 Iran Can Now Detect U.S. Stealth Jets at Long Range
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#55 How to Kill the F-35 Stealth Fighter; It all comes down to radar ... and a big enough missile
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#20 DEC and The Americans
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#58 No, the F-35 Can't Fight at Long Range, Either
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#51 No, the F-35 Can't Fight at Long Range, Either
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#46 No, the F-35 Can't Fight at Long Range, Either
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#44 No, the F-35 Can't Fight at Long Range, Either
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#14 With the U.S. F-35 Grounded, Putin's New Jet Beats Us Hands-Down
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#75 How Russia's S-400 makes the F-35 obsolete
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#59 A-10
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#54 How do we take political considerations into account in the OODA-Loop?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#43 Let's Face It--It's the Cyber Era and We're Cyber Dumb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#41 50th/60th anniversary of SABRE--real-time airline reservations computer system
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#40 China's Fifth-Generation Fighter Could Be A Game Changer In An Increasingly Tense East Asia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#102 A-10 Warthog No Longer Suitable for Middle East Combat, Air Force Leader Says
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#36 The Designer Of The F-15 Explains Just How Stupid The F-35 Is
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#73 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#51 F-35 JOINT STRIKE FIGHTER IS A LEMON

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

'Most Americans Today Believe the Stock Market Is Rigged, and They're Right'

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: 'Most Americans Today Believe the Stock Market Is Rigged, and They're Right'
Date: 12 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
'Most Americans Today Believe the Stock Market Is Rigged, and They're Right'. New research shows insider trading is everywhere. So far, no one seems to care.
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-09-29/is-stock-market-rigged-insider-trading-by-executives-is-pervasive-critics-say

Stock buybacks use to be illegal because it was so easy for executives to manipulate the market. The Corruption of Capitalism in America (lots on stock buybacks)
https://www.amazon.com/Great-Deformation-Corruption-Capitalism-America-ebook/dp/B00B3M3UK6/

How the Enron Scandal Changed American Business Forever
https://time.com/6125253/enron-scandal-changed-american-business-forever/

rhetoric in congress was that Sarbanes-Oxley (2002) would prevent future ENRONs and guarantee executives and auditors did jail time. However joke, was that Washington DC felt badly that one of the "big five" went out of business and SOX was really a gift to the audit industry (significantly increasing audit business), but nothing would change. Note that SOX required SEC do something, but possibly because even GAO didn't believe SEC was doing anything, it started doing reports of public company fraudulent financial reporting, even showing that it increased after SOX went into effect (and nobody doing jailtime).
https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-06-1079sp

Less well known was that SOX also required SEC do something about the credit rating agencies ... who played the major role in the economic mess, selling triple-A ratings for securitized mortgages that they knew weren't worth triple-A (rom Oct2008 congessional hearings) ... significantly contributing to being able to sell over $27T (that is TRILLION) into the bond market, 2001-2008.

how the market is run ... turns out that a lot of wallstreet is focused on volatility ... they have much less revenue from static, stable market ... they do pump&dump ... pushing the market up (buy low, sell high) and then short ... pushing the market down. Old interview that they are all doing illegal activity (before it got much worse with HFT) ... and have nothing to worry about from SEC.
http://nypost.com/2007/03/20/cramer-reveals-a-bit-too-much/

Jan1999 was asked to try and help stop the coming economic mess (we failed). I was told some investment bankers had walked away "clean" from the S&L crisis, were then running Internet IPO mills (invest a few mil, hype, IPO for billion or two, needed to fail to leave field clear for the next round) and were predicted to next get into securitized loans/mortgages. Saw a lot of people loose their savings when the Internet bubble burst. About the same time, I had been asked by NSCC (since merged with DTC for DTCC) to improve the integrity of trading floor transactions. I start work on trading floor transaction integrity, but a side-effect would have been transparency and visibility ... anathema to wallstreet ... and asked to stop (estimated only about 1/3rd of the transactions were questionable, this was before HFT, high-frequency trading, which appears to have greatly aggravated the situation).

ENRON posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#enron
Sarbanes-Oxley posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#sarbanes-oxley
financial reporting fraud posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#financial.reporting.fraud.fraud
Great Deformation & Stock Buyback posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#stock.buyback
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
economic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess
madoff posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#madoff

HFT
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-frequency_trading
Algorithmic tracing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithmic_trading

HFT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#96 'Most Americans Today Believe the Stock Market Is Rigged, and They're Right'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#94 Fecalnomics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#157 American Cities Are Becoming Shell Companies for the Rich
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#48 Economic Mess and Regulations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#11 For The Average Investor, The Next Bear Market Will Likely Be The Last
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#108 Share Buybacks and the Contradictions of "Shareholder Capitalism"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#105 Is LINUX the inheritor of the Earth?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#104 Netscape: The Fire That Filled Silicon Valley's First Bubble
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#95 The Return Of Haim Bodek - HFT's First Whistleblower
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#60 The Windows 95 chime was created on a Mac
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#7 The Real Reason Wages Have Stagnated: Our Economy Is Optimized For Financialization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#96 IBM Another Disappointment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#24 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#23 How do BIG WEBSITES work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#22 How do BIG WEBSITES work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#43 when to get out???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#10 Nasdaq asks SEC for speed bump to protect retail traders
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#18 Bundesbank Confirms HFTs Reduce Liquidity, Contribute To Flash Crashes, Withdraw At Times Of "Market Stress"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#65 old Western Union Telegraph Company advertising
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#40 Misc. Success of Failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#95 Is it a lost cause?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#11 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#68 Eric Hunsader Explains To CNBC That "Markets Are Always Rigged"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#23 It A "Liquidity Mirage": New York Fed Finally Grasps How Broken The Market Is Due To HFTs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#66 Michael Hudson's New Book: Wall Street Parasites Have Devoured Their Hosts -- Your Retirement Plan and the U.S. Economy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#53 seveneves
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#48 seveneves
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#47 seveneves
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#46 seveneves
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#53 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#58 Time to Fire Mary Jo White: SEC Covers Up for Bank Capital Accounting Scam Promoted by Her Former Firm, Debevoise
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#47 Do we REALLY NEED all this regulatory oversight?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#78 Greedy Banks Nailed With $5 BILLION+ Fine For Fraud And Corruption
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#28 Bernie Sanders Proposes A Bill To Break Up The 'Too Big To Exist' Banks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#17 Robots have been running the US stock market, and the government is finally taking control
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#36 IBM CEO Rometty gets bonus despite company's woes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#26 What were the complaints of binary code programmers that not accept Assembly?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#58 IBM Data Processing Center and Pi
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#132 LEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#106 only sometimes From looms to computers to looms
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#64 Dark Pool Greed Drove Barclays to Lie to Clients, N.Y. Says
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#109 SEC Caught Dark Pool and High Speed Traders Doing Bad Stuff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#107 The SEC's Mary Jo White Punts on High Frequency Trading and Abandons Securities Act of 1934
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#64 HFT is harmful, say US market participants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#54 Has the last fighter pilot been born?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#1 HFT is harmful, say US market participants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#70 Obama Administration Launches Plan To Make An "Internet ID" A Reality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#41 System Response
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#25 Before the Internet: The golden age of online services
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#20 HFT, computer trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#3 Three Expensive Milliseconds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#72 Three Expensive Milliseconds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#71 FBI Investigates High-Speed Trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#60 FBI Investigates High-Speed Trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#18 FBI Investigates High-Speed Trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#100 New York seeks curbs on high-frequency trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#93 New York seeks curbs on high-frequency trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#7 N.Y. Barclays Libor Traders Said to Face U.K. Charges
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#65 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#56 Royal Pardon for credit unions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#43 Royal Pardon for credit unions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#29 Royal Pardon for credit unions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#28 Royal Pardon for credit unions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#89 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#82 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#54 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#76 A Little More on the Computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#40 The Wall Street Code: HFT Whisteblower Haim Bodek on Algorithmic Trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#15 Boyd Blasphemy: Justifying the F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#1 IBM board OK repurchase of another $15B of stock
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#93 High Frequency Terrorism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#53 Retirement Savings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#16 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#50 IBM Furloughs U.S. Hardware Employees to Reduce Costs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#12 What Makes Infrastructure investment not bizarre
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#10 What Makes Infrastructure investment not bizarre
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#89 FBI Finds Holes in System Protecting Economic Data
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#59 OT: "Highway Patrol" back on TV
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#58 Traders Said to Rig Currency Rates to Profit Off Clients
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#67 The End Of 'Orderly And Fair Markets'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#75 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#54 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#41 Computer Simulations Reveal Benefits of Random Investment Strategies Over Traditional Ones
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#29 Destructive Destruction? An Ecological Study of High Frequency Trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#2 Search Google, 1960:s-style
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#7 General Mills computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#44 General Mills computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#86 The Dangers of High-Frequency Trading; Wall Street's Speed Freaks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#21 Study links ultrafast trading with risk of crash
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#13 Study links ultrafast machine trading with risk of crash
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#44 Programmer Charged with thieft (maybe off topic)

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Disks

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Disks
Date: 12 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
1977 transferred to SJR/blg28 ... was allowed to wander around lots of IBM and customer datacenters, including disk engineering (bldg14) and disk product test (bldg15) across the street. Bldg14 were running stand-alone, prescheduled, around the clock mainframe disk & controller testing. They had tried MVS to get some concurrent testing, but found MVS had mean-time-between-failure of 15mins in that environment (requiring manual re-ipl). I offered to do bullet-proof, never fail input/output supervisor allowing any amount of on-demand concurrent testing ... which greatly improved productivity. I then did internal report on the work and happened to mention MVS 15min MTBF, bringing the wrath of the MVS group down on my head (unsuccessfully tried to get me separated from the company). Other downside was some kneejerk to blame my software for problems and I had to spend increasing amount of my time playing disk engineer, shooting their hardware issues.

getting to play disk engineer posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk

I tried to get multiple exposure support for 3350FH (fixed-head feature) ... so could do data transfer on fixed-head area overlapped with disk arm seeks. However there was group in POK working on VULCAN (electronic disk), who thot it might impact their forecast and were able to get it veto'ed. Then VULCAN was canceled, they were told IBM was selling all the electronic memory it could make as computer memory (at higher markup), but it was too late to resurrect 3350 multiple exposure support. A few years later, there was enough electronic memory so it could start being offered as 3880/3380 cache memory, initially 8mbytes as ironwood/3880-11 (4k block) and sheriff/3880-13 (full track) ... later upgraded to 32mbyte cache. I had done a lot of work on replacement algorithms as undergraduate in the 60s that was then shipped in IBM operating systems ... so found myself getting into arguments with the Tucson controller cache people. In the early 80s, had disk I/O trace of record read&writes that was installed on several internal IBM datacenters. The trace data was used to drive simulated cache configurations and replacement algorithms.

replacement strategy/algorithm posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#wsclock

Bldg15 was get earliest engineering models (outside processor engineering) for I/O testing ... the 3033 was # 3 or 4 ... which only took percent or two of processing ... so got a couple strings of 3330 drives and 3830 and put up our own private, online service. Floating Head Air Bearing simulation (1st used for 3370/FBA, later 3380) was being run on the research 370/195 ... but turnarounds could be a couple weeks. We set things up so it could be run on bldg15 3033 ... and even tho it had less than half 370/195 processing rate ... they could still get several turnarounds a day.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

BITNET XMAS EXEC

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: BITNET XMAS EXEC
Date: 12 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
bitnet had a the xmas "exec" in 1987 (almost exactly a year before the internet "morris" worm). The xmas "exec" was "social engineering" ... since it required that the user explicitly execute the file (after receiving it) ... compared to "morris" worm which didn't require any human action at the victim machine.

xmas exec (in risks, from Joe Morris):
http://catless.ncl.ac.uk/Risks/5.81.html#subj1
from vmshare archives
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare/browse.cgi?fn=CHRISTMA&ft=PROB
bitnet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BITNET
internet morris worm year later
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris_worm

Mike did a (different) xmas exec (rexx and fsx in 1981 ... for color 3279) ... i've tried to do a html simulation, archived in this old a.f.c. posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007v.html#54

bitnet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The US Patent and Trademark Office should act now to catalyze innovation

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: The US Patent and Trademark Office should act now to catalyze innovation
Date: 12 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
The US Patent and Trademark Office should act now to catalyze innovation
https://techcrunch.com/2021/12/12/the-us-patent-and-trademark-office-should-act-now-to-catalyze-innovation/
The U.S. patent system, which should fuel invention, is increasingly being abused to hinder innovation. It desperately needs reform, and there's one critical fix that can happen today to help ensure the system works for innovators and entrepreneurs of all sizes.
... snip ...

The original purpose of patent office in the constitution was to protect creative/innovative individuals from institutions trying to preserve existing status quo (disruptive innovation making economy more efficient). It is more and more being inverted, corporations doing enormous numbers of defensive patents protecting status quo and inhibiting innovation. Business schools now teach how to monopolize markets and use patents to control innovation and change, preserving status quo. The Price of Inequality: How Today's Divided Society Endangers Our Future
https://www.amazon.com/Price-Inequality-Divided-Society-Endangers-ebook/dp/B007MKCQ30/
pg35/loc1169-73:
In business school we teach students how to recognize, and create, barriers to competition -- including barriers to entry -- that help ensure that profits won't be eroded. Indeed, as we shall shortly see, some of the most important innovations in business in the last three decades have centered not on making the economy more efficient but on how better to ensure monopoly power or how better to circumvent government regulations intended to align social returns and private rewards.
... snip ...

All too often large institutions are now using patents to protect status quo and even slow-down innovation ... you see large institutions trying to maximize profits and their investment ... not trying to maximize innovation. There are studies of drug companies are slowing down introduction of new drugs ... because there is still profit to be made from existing drugs. It is one of the motivations behind extending life of patents and copyrights .... original intention was that they only last a decade or two ... as part of promoting continuous innovation (not maximizing profit)

changing the constitutional narrative of short-term license to one of property ... contributes to the buying/selling of the property ... which then starts down the slippery slope to trolls. There are also submarine patents ... where patents are filed with extremely obscure wording that can be interpreted in large number of different ways. A detailed semantic analysis of large number of patents found something like 30% of computer "related" patents were being filed under extremely obscure categories (making it very unlikely they would show up in normal patent search). They would wait until somebody was making a profit off something that might possible be interpreted as coming under the description of the submarine patent ... and then claim patent infringement (never any intention of producing product for benefit of society)

capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
inequality posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality

some past posts mentioning patent purpose in constitution
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#19 IBM's innovation: Topping the US patent list for 28 years running
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#22 A Tea Party Movement to Overhaul the Constitution Is Quietly Gaining
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#52 We the Corporations: How American Businesses Won Their Civil Rights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#68 Innovation?, Government, Military, Commercial
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#83 Bureaucracy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#62 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#49 Corporate malfeasance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#88 Microsoft, IBM lobbying seen killing key anti-patent troll proposal

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

What Industrial Societies Get Wrong About Childhood

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: What Industrial Societies Get Wrong About Childhood
Date: 13 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
What Industrial Societies Get Wrong About Childhood. The industrial world's practice of placing children in classes of similar ages with an adult teacher is not the only way to learn--and it might not be the most effective.
https://www.sapiens.org/culture/children-social-learning/

... memorization for repetitive, mind-numbing activities.

The modern education system was designed to teach future factory workers to be "punctual, docile, and sober"
https://qz.com/1314814/universal-education-was-first-promoted-by-industrialists-who-wanted-docile-factory-workers/
Industrial Age education, from late 1800s, early 1900s (time & motion studies, etc), teaching memorization, not thinking, strict conformity, stamping out factory workers for the capitalists and robber barons
https://www.azquotes.com/quote/1212588
How to Break Free of Our 19th-Century Factory-Model Education System. A technology and education entrepreneur gazes into the future of the classroom
https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/05/how-to-break-free-of-our-19th-century-factory-model-education-system/256881/
Why Our Industrial-Age Schools Are Failing Our Information-Age Kids
https://www.qualitydigest.com/inside/quality-insider-column/why-our-industrial-age-schools-are-failing-our-information-age-kids
The One Type of Game That Kills Creativity and Innovation. There are two types of games. One kills creativity and the other is for kids...
https://www.inc.com/stephen-shapiro/why-your-business-needs-more-kid-games-fewer-adult-games.html
Everyone is born creative, but it is educated out of us at school
https://www.theguardian.com/media-network/2016/may/18/born-creative-educated-out-of-us-school-business
US education system in general focused on stamping out creativity and enforcing conformity. Teachers Don't Like Creative Students
http://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2011/12/teachers-dont-like-creative-students.html

Even bullying has been standard technique in US education as part of enforcing conformity ... former coworker at IBM cambridge science center and san jose research;
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edson_Hendricks
"It's Cool to Be Clever: The Story of Edson C. Hendricks, the Genius Who Invented the Design for the Internet"
https://www.amazon.com/Its-Cool-Be-Clever-Hendricks/dp/1897435630/
permeates nearly all levels of US education system ... even extending to military academies ... reference to study of German and US military academies the first half of 1900s ... including reference to George Mashall (WW2 chief of staff) was so badly injured in a bullying/hazing incident that he almost had to drop out
https://www.amazon.com/Command-Culture-Education-1901-1940-Consequences-ebook/dp/B009K7VYLI/
again lots tracing to "industrial age education" ... Industrial Age Education Is a Disservice to Students
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/industrial-age-education-_b_2974297
AETC Focused on Breaking Away From Industrial-Age Thinking
https://www.airforcemag.com/AETC-Focused-on-Breaking-Away-From-Industrial-Age-Thinking/
Lessons in learning
https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2019/09/study-shows-that-students-learn-more-when-taking-part-in-classrooms-that-employ-active-learning-strategies/

capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
inequality posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality

some specific past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#99 IQ tests can't measure it, but 'cognitive flexibility' is key to learning and creativity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#5 What My Mobster Grandfather Understood About American Capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#78 Air Force opens first Montessori Officer Training School
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#23 When Nazis Took Manhattan
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#103 IBM Innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#0 The modern education system was designed to teach future factory workers to be "punctual, docile, and sober"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#3 The One Type of Game That Kills Creativity and Innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#54 Why stability trumps innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#29 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#48 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

'Most Americans Today Believe the Stock Market Is Rigged, and They're Right'

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: 'Most Americans Today Believe the Stock Market Is Rigged, and They're Right'
Date: 14 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#96 'Most Americans Today Believe the Stock Market Is Rigged, and They're Right'

Is Stock Market Rigged? Insider Trading by Executives Is Pervasive, Critics Say
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-09-29/is-stock-market-rigged-insider-trading-by-executives-is-pervasive-critics-say
Investigation Finds at Least 48 Members of Congress Have Violated STOCK Act
https://truthout.org/articles/investigation-finds-at-least-48-members-of-congress-have-violated-stock-act/

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM CSO

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM CSO
Date: 14 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
... "Team CSO" is it like "chief security officer" or some different kind (customer service organization)? ... shortly after graduating and joining IBM, IBM got a new "CSO" (came from gov. service and had been head of presidential detail ... at the time of Dallas, he was head of 3rd shift detail and had already gone on to the next city that morning getting ready for their arriving that night). I was asked to run around with him some talking about computer security ... while a little bit of physical security wore off on me.

A decade or so later at san jose research, a group from armonk came out to do a "security" audit and we had something of head-to-head. They insisted that all demo programs (games) be removed from the system. At the time, most company logon screens said "For IBM Business Purposes Only" ... our logon screens said "For IBM Managment Approved Purposes Only". When I transferred to San Jose, I would get to regularly wander around IBM and non-IBM places in silicon valley. TYMSHARE had made their VM370/CMS online commpuer conferencing system available to (IBM mainframe user group) SHARE for free as VMSHARE (Aug1976, precursor to modern social media) ... archives here:
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare

and I got them to make me a tape every month of all VMSHARE files for putting up on internal IBM systems and networks (including the world-wide online sales&marketing support HONE systems). The biggest problem I had was with IBM lawyers concerned that internal IBM employees would be contaminated by customer information (possibly what customers were saying was different from what IBM was claiming they were saying).

posts mentioning HONE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone

On one visit to TYMSHARE, they demo'ed a game ADVENTURE ... which they had gotten off Stanford SAIL PDP10 system, copied to their PDP10 system, and then ported to VM370/CMS. I managed to get a copy to make available internally within IBM.
https://www.historyofinformation.com/detail.php?id=2020
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adventure_game

posts mentioning IBM CSO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#37 IBM Confidential
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#66 The Case Against SQL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#16 IBM Zcloud - is it just outsourcing ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#57 Hacking, Exploits and Vulnerabilities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#84 Bizarre Career Events
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#40 Teaching IBM class
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#0 IBM "Wild Ducks"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#66 Facebook Knows More About You Than the CIA
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#67 Economic Mess
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#0 The Road Not Taken: Edward Lansdale and the American Tragedy in Vietnam
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#99 IBM 5100
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#90 Ransomware on Mainframe application ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#28 The real story of how the Internet became so vulnerable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#60 Bridgestone Sues IBM For $600 Million Over Allegedly 'Defective' System That Plunged The Company Into 'Chaos'

posts mentioning ADVENTUE game
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#8 Online Computer Conferencing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#84 1977: Zork
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#111 Online Timsharing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#15 Frank Heart Dies at 89
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#9 Who Plotted This Map for Adventure Game
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#26 Tech: we didn't mean for it to turn out like this
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#14 The original Adventure / Adventureland game?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#11 The original Adventure / Adventureland game?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#67 Explore the groundbreaking Colossal Cave Adventure, 41 years on
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#66 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#96 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#41 Colossal Cave Adventure in PL/I
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#83 3270 Emulator Software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010d.html#84 Adventure - Or Colossal Cave Adventure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010d.html#82 Adventure - Or Colossal Cave Adventure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010d.html#57 Adventure - Or Colossal Cave Adventure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009l.html#16 August 7, 1944: today is the 65th Anniversary of the Birth of the Computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#13 New machine code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#12 New machine code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#11 What if the computers went back to the '70s too?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008f.html#61 Primaries (USA)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008c.html#2 folklore indeed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#0 10 worst PCs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#18 The History of Computer Role-Playing Games
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005u.html#25 Fast action games on System/360+?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005l.html#16 Newsgroups (Was Another OS/390 to z/OS 1.4 migration
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#4 Adventure game (was:PL/? History (was Hercules))
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#2 Adventure game (was:PL/? History (was Hercules))
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#1 Adventure game (was:PL/? History (was Hercules))
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#0 Adventure game (was:PL/? History (was Hercules))
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004g.html#57 Adventure game (was:PL/? History (was Hercules))
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004g.html#49 Adventure game (was:PL/? History (was Hercules))
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002d.html#12 Mainframers: Take back the light (spotlight, that is)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#44 Call for folklore - was Re: So it's cyclical.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#33 Adventure Games (Was: Navy orders supercomputer)

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

After deadly 737 Max crashes, damning whistleblower report reveals sidelined engineers, scarcity of expertise, more

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: After deadly 737 Max crashes, damning whistleblower report reveals sidelined engineers, scarcity of expertise, more
Date: 15 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
After deadly 737 Max crashes, damning whistleblower report reveals sidelined engineers, scarcity of expertise, more. Not to mention the FAA delegating its watchdog duties to the actual aircraft manufacturers
https://www.theregister.com/2021/12/15/boeing_737_max_senate_report/

capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
military-industrial(-congressional) commplex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex

past posts referring to how M/D merger changed Boeing culture &/or 737 Max problems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#78 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#76 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#75 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#70 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#69 'Flying Blind' Review: Downward Trajectory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#40 Boeing Built an Unsafe Plane, and Blamed the Pilots When It Crashed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#78 The Long-Forgotten Flight That Sent Boeing Off Course
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#57 "Hollywood model" for dealing with engineers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#87 Congress demands records from Boeing to investigate lapses in production quality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#83 IBM SNA/VTAM (& HSDT)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#70 Boeing CEO Said Board Moved Quickly on MAX Safety; New Details Suggest Otherwise
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#40 IBM & Boeing run by Financiers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#11 "This Plane Was Designed By Clowns, Who Are Supervised By Monkeys"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#10 "This Plane Was Designed By Clowns, Who Are Supervised By Monkeys"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#153 At Boeing, C.E.O.'s Stumbles Deepen a Crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#151 OT: Boeing to temporarily halt manufacturing of 737 MAX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#39 Crash Course
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#33 Boeing's travails show what's wrong with modern capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#39 The Roots of Boeing's 737 Max Crisis: A Regulator Relaxes Its Oversight
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#20 The Coming Boeing Bailout?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#60 11 crazy up-close photos of the F-22 Raptor stealth fighter jet soaring through the air
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#26 DoD watchdog: Air Force failed to effectively manage F-22 modernization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#21 How China's New Stealth Fighter Could Soon Surpass the US F-22 Raptor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#55 Now Hear This--Prepare For The "To Be Or To Do" Moment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#58 Failures and Resiliency
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#20 The Boeing Century

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

DUMPRX

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: DUMPRX
Date: 15 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
Early on, when REX was first created, I wanted to demonstrate that it (before renamed REXX and released to customers) wasn't just another pretty scripting language ... so I chose the large assembler IPCS dump analyzer to redo in REX ... objective was to take 3months elapsed working less than half time, resulting in ten times the function and running ten times faster (slight of hand to make interpreted REX implementation run faster than the assembler version). I finished early so developed library of automated scripts that would search for common failure signatures.

I had expected REX IPCS implementation, "DUMPRX" would be released to customers, in part since nearly every internal datacenter and IBM PSR made use of it. However for various reasons it wasn't ... but I did get IBM permissions to do user group presentations (at Baybunch and SHARE) on how I had done the implementation ... and within a few months, similar non-IBM versions began appearing.

Then in 1986, the 3090 service processor people wanted to include it in the 3092
https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP3090.html

The 3092 service processor started out as highly modified VM370/CMS running on 4331 with CMS/IOS3270 implementing all the service screens, this was then updated to a pair of 4361s. Some old email:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#email861031
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#email861223

disclaimer: After joining IBM, one of my hobbies was enhanced production operating systems for internal datacenters (including the internal world-wide, online sales&marketing support "HONE" systems were long-time customers).

trivia: possibly part of the reason IBM wouldn't release it was that it was the beginning of the OCO wars (stop shipping code) and I had done a primitive disassembler ... point at a address (possibly just "symbolic" symbol) and it would provide symbolic instruction display of the area. Also could provide a DSECT library ... point at an address and it would format the storage according to a specified dsect. VMSHARE archives (TYMSHARE started offering their CMS-base computer conferencing free to SHARE in AUG1976 ... precursor to modern social media).
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare
search on "OCO wars"

dumprx posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#dumprx

... internally somebody did a (partial) "green card" in CMS IOS3270 ... I've since done a Q&D conversion to HTML:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/gcard.html

... trivia the 360/67 "blue card" had sense byte section for some common devices, I provided a similar sense byte section for the original IOS3270 version.

360/67 blue card

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Future System

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Future System
Date: 16 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
Early/mid 70s, IBM Future System ... was completely different from 370 and was going to replace 370. 370 projects were being shutdown and lack of new 370 is credited with giving the clone 370 makers their market foothold. When FS implodes there is mad rush to get stuff back into the 370 product pipelines. Quick&dirty 3033&3081 projects were kicked off in parallel. 303x channel director was 158-3 engine with integrated channel microcode and w/o 370 microcode. 3033 started with 168-3 logic remapped to 20% faster chips, 3032 was 168-3 redone to use 303x channel director for external channels. 3031 was two 158-3 engines one with just the 370 microcode and a 2nd with just the integrated channel microcode. 3081 was some warmed over FS technology with enormous amount of circuits ... the enormous increase in circuits could be considered motivation for TCMs (to get machine down to reasonable physical size). Long winded web pages about FS details ... but also 3033 and 3081
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm
The 370 emulator minus the FS microcode was eventually sold in 1980 as as the IBM 3081. The ratio of the amount of circuitry in the 3081 to its performance was significantly worse than other IBM systems of the time; its price/performance ratio wasn't quite so bad because IBM had to cut the price to be competitive. The major competition at the time was from Amdahl Systems -- a company founded by Gene Amdahl, who left IBM shortly before the FS project began, when his plans for the Advanced Computer System (ACS) were killed. The Amdahl machine was indeed superior to the 3081 in price/performance and spectaculary superior in terms of performance compared to the amount of circuitry.]
... snip ...

future system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

... aka Amdahl single processor about the same performance as 3081 two processor ... and Amdahl two processor about the same as 3084 4-processor. With regard to Amdahl and shutdown of ACS/360 ... executives were afraid that it would advance the computing state of the art too fast and they would loose control of the market. Also contains some details about ACS/360 features showing up more than two decades later with ES/9000
https://people.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/acs_end.html

After joining IBM, I spent some amount of time at user group meetings (like SHARE) and wandering around customers. Director of one of the largest (customer) financial datacenters on the east coast (seemed like football field of IBM mainframe systems) used to like me to drop in and talk technology. At one point, the IBM branch manager horribly offended the customer and in retaliation, they ordered an Amdahl machine (lonely clone 370 in a vast sea of "blue). Up until then Amdahl had been selling into univ. & tech/scientific markets, but clone 370s had yet to break into the IBM true-blue commercial market ... and this would be the first. I got asked to go spend a year on site at the customer to obfuscate the reason for the Amdahl order. I talked it over with the customer and said while he would like to have me there it would have no affect on the decision, so I declined the offer. I was then told that the branch manager was good sailing buddy of IBM CEO and if I didn't do it, I could forget having career, promotions, and/or raises.

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Future System

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Future System
Date: 16 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#105 IBM Future System

As FS was imploding, and mad rush to get stuff back into the 370 product pipelines, Endicott con'ed me into helping them with microcode assist for 138/148 (later used in 4331/4341). I was told that there was 6kbytes for microcode ... and 370 SCP code would convert about byte-for-byte basis & low/mid-range 370s had about 10 native instruction for each emulated 370 instruction ... and I needed to do analysis, identifying the highest executed 6kbytes of 370 instructions (giving ten times performance improvement). Old archived post with initial analysis:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#21
highest executed 6k bytes accounted for 79.55% of SCP/kernel execution.

After move to silicon valley, I also regularly attend the monthly Baybunch meetings (hosted at SLAC) ... and afterwards typically we would adjourn to local watering holes. I eventually get approval to do Baybunch presentation on how ECPS was implemented ... and afterwards the Amdahl people corner me for a lot of questions. They had done "macrocode" ... IBM had been adding these sporadic trivial instructions (in some cases running slower than the software implementation) required by the latest operating system version ... and Amdahl macrocode was the response ... allowing Amdahl to implement the same new instructions with radically less time and effort than it took IBM to do them. IBM was then having a lot of problems getting customers to move from MVS to MVS/XA ... and Amdahl came up "hypervisor" (easily implemented in macrocode, basically subset of VM370 w/o needing VM370) that would allow customers to run MVS & MVS/XA concurrently on the same machine. IBM isn't able to respond with LPAR&PR/SM similar function until late 80s.

IBM sold lots of places (virtual memory) 360/67 for TSS/360 ... but TSS/360 never came to production fruition so many 67s just ran as 360/65 with os/360. IBM cambridge scientific center did (virtual machine) CP67 (later morphs into vm370) that many places ran (actually originally CP40 done on 360/40 with special virtual memory hardware mods, and then became CP67 when 360/67s became available).

CSC posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
Future system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

Univ. of Michigan did virtual memory MTS and Stanford did virtual memory Orvyl.

Boeing Huntsville did a OS/360 MVT13 hack that ran in virtual memory mode on 360/67 ... but w/o paging (purely to reorg storage into contiguous areas to help with MVT storage management problems). They had got 360/67 originally for a lot of 2250 CAD/CAM applications ... but fell back to supporting their CAD/CAM apps on MVT. However MVT storage management was really horrible and was exacerbated with long running apps (one of the reason that CICS at startup got all the resources it could and then did its own storage management and other system services functions).

CICS &/or BDAM posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#cics

A decade ago, I was asked by customer to find out what motivated the transition of all 370s to virtual memory. Was able to track down assistant to executive making decision. Basically MVT storage management was so bad that regions had to be specified four times larger than what was normally used. As a result a typical one mbyte 370/165 was limited to four regions ... met that there wasn't enough going on to keep 165 processor utilized. Adding virtual memory (with minimal paging support, not much more than Boeing MVT) would allow increasing number of regions by a factor of four times with little or no paging. Part of his reply posted to a.f.c.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#73

other recent posts mentioning moving all 370s to virtual memory:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#1 PCP, MFT, MVT OS/360, VS1, & VS2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#82 IBM 370 and Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#77 IBM 370 and Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#66 IBM ACP/TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#23 fast sort/merge, OoO S/360 descendants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#70 IBM Research, Adtech, Science Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#48 Dynamic Adaptive Resource Management
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#70 the wonders of SABRE, was Magnetic Drum reservations 1952
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#43 iBM System/3 FORTRAN for engineering/science work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#39 iBM System/3 FORTRAN for engineering/science work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#25 Execute and IBM history, not Sequencer vs microcode
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#6 IBM 370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#32 Univac 90/30 DIAG instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#53 IMS Stories
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#39 IBM 370/155
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#38 Some CP67, Future System and other history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#2 Colours on screen (mainframe history question)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#63 Early Computer Use
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#59 370 Virtual Memory

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Future System

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Future System
Date: 16 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#105 IBM Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#106 IBM Future System
also
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#97 IBM Disks

I transferred out to san jose research in 1977 and got to wander around most IBM and non-IBM datacenters in silicon valley ... including bldg 14 (disk engineering) and 15 (disk product test) across the street. Engineering was running prescheduled mainframe stand along testing 7x24. They said that they had recently tried to do it with MVS ... but it had 15min mean-time-between-failure in that environment, requiring manual re-ipl. I offer to rewrite input/output supervisor to make it bullet proof and never fail ... enabling any amount of on-demand concurrent testing ... greatly improving productivity. Downside, I'm increasingly asked to come over and play disk engineer diagnosing their problems. I then do an internal document about the reliability work ... and happen to mention the MVS 15min MTBF ... which brings down the wrath of the MVS group on my head, informally I was told they tried to have me separated from the IBM company, when that didn't work, they resorted to other activities trying to make it no career, no promotions, etc ... joke on them, I was already being told no career, no promotions, no raises ... and it wouldn't be the end of being told that.

Product test (bldg15) would get earliest engineering mainframe processors (outside of processor development) and something like #3 3033 for disk I/O testing. Since disk I/O testing only used percent or two of processing, we find a couple strings of 3330 drives and 3830 controller and set up our own private online service. Also get first engineering 4341 outside Endicott. I get con'ed into doing benchmarks for national lab looking at getting 70 for cluster compute farm (sort of the leading edge of the cluster supercomputer tsunami). 4341 also had very low floor space and environmental requirements ... and start to see large corporations ordering hundreds of VM/4341s at a time for placing out in departmental areas (sort of the leading edge of the distributed departmental computing tsunami). Inside IBM, departmental conference rooms became scarce resource, being converted to VM/4341 rooms.

posts mentioning getting to play disk engineer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk

Mid-80s, 4331/4341 follow-on was 4361/4381 and expected to continue the explosion in sales ... lots of (smaller) customers one (or few) 4300s and large customers ordering hundreds at a time for distributed departmental servers. Old archive post with decade of DEC VAX sales, sliced and diced by model, year, US/non-US
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#0

4300s sold in same mid-range market as VAX and in about same numbers for small orders, big difference was the large corporations ordering hundreds of 4300s at a time for distributed departmental servers. As can be seen in VAX numbers, that by the time of 4361/4381, the mid-range market was starting the shift to workstations and larger PCs.

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Disks

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Disks
Date: 17 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#97 IBM Disks

I got called into large national grocer datacenter in Oakland, they were having enormous throughput problems and almost all the traditional IBM company experts from around the country had been already been thru. They had a (168) system for each region ... and thruput quickly maxed out during the day. I was brought into large classroom with tables covered with large piles of performance/activity reports from each system. After a about half an hour, I noticed that total aggregate activity (summed across the different system reports) for a specific shared disk would peak about seven I/Os per second (during the worst throughput periods) and asked what it was. Turns out it had PDS dataset with all the store controller apps. Pulling out further information, it had a three cyl. PDS directory.

Time for pulling out history from more than decade earlier as undergraduate in the 60s. Within a year taking two semester hr intro to fortran/computers, univ hires me full-time for their OS/360 system (360/67 running as 360/65). One of the things I would do would tear apart output of STAGE1 sysgen and reorder statements for careful placement for datasets and PDS members (optimize arm seek and PDS directory multitrack search). Turns out store controller app was averaging a cyl & half for PDS multi-track search plus an I/O to load the member. Full 3330 cyl. multi-track search, 19revs at 60revs/sec is .317 seconds ... half a cyl. multi-track was .158 ... or .475 seconds ... two I/Os little under half second for the PDS directory search (plus time for two seeks) ... then read I/O for the load module (including seek) ... at least .10 seconds ... three I/Os and over half second for each store controller app load. No wonder aggregate I/O activity for that disk across all systems ... was max'ing out around seven I/Os (and able to do less than two store controller app loads per second for all the grocery stores in the country).

First replicate the store controller PDS dataset ... one for each system, on non-shared 3330s. Then break into multiple on non-shared 3330s ... so highest frequency load modules have avg multi-track search more like three or four revolutions.

CKD DASD, multi-track search, etc. posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#dasd

trivia: univ. converted from 709 tape->tape with 1401 front end for unit record. Student fortran jobs ran less than a second. Initial transition to OS/360, each ran over a minute. I installed HASP and cut time in half. I then started my careful sysgens which cut student fortran by approx. another 2/3rds to 12.9secs. I then had to install Univ. Waterloo, WATFOR single step monitor ... typically run whole tray of student job cards ... around 50jobs taking around 10secs. ... around .2secs/job ... finally beating 709.

As undergraduate in 60s, I did dynamic adaptive resource management & scheduling for CP67 ... including stuff for dynamically identifying "bottlenecks". In the mid-70s, I started pontificating that bottlenecks were inverting ... that mid-60s CKD DASD I/O (aka search & multi-track search) was used as tradeoff for limited real storage. In the early 80s, I wrote up how DASD relative system throughput had declined by an order of magnitude (since 360s were introduced), DASD got 3-5 times faster, systems (cpu/memory) got 40-50 times faster. GPD disk division executives took offense and assigned the division performance group to refute my claims. After a few weeks, they came back and said I had slightly understated the issue. They then respun the analysis into SHARE presentation 16Aug1984, SHARE 63, B874, about how to configure disks& files for improved system throughput.

dynamic adaptive resource management and scheduling
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare

post with intro from presentation B74
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#30 Bottlenecks and Capacity planning

a few other recent posts mentioning presentation B874 at SHARE 63:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#105 IBM CKD DASD and multi-track search
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#78 IBM 370 and Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#23 fast sort/merge, OoO S/360 descendants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#44 iBM System/3 FORTRAN for engineering/science work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#53 3380 disk capacity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#79 IBM Disk Division
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#59 San Jose bldg 50 and 3380 manufacturing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#63 IBM 3330 & 3380
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#94 MVS Boney Fingers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#78 370 virtual memory

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Network Systems

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Network Systems
Date: 17 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
1980, STL was bursting at the seams and they were moving 300 people from the IMS group to offsite bldg with dataprocessing back to STL datacenter. They tried "remote 3270" and found the human factors totally unacceptable. I get con'ed into do channel-extender support (A220-A710-A710-A510) with local channel attached 3270 controllers at the offsite bldg, with no perceptual difference between offsite and STL human factors. NSC tries to get IBM to release my support, but there is a group in POK working on some serial stuff that were afraid if it was in the market place, it would make it more difficult to release their stuff ... and get it veto'ed.

saw a lot of Ken Hardwick and Jim Hughes starting 1980 up through late 90s and did a lot with NSC gear. In mid-80s NCAR in boulder was using NCS gear with mainframes and supercomputers ... and the IBM branch would periodically call me in.

Then communication group was fiercely fighting to prevent mainframe TCP/IP from being announced/shipped. When they lost, they change their tactics and said because they have corporate strategic ownership of everything that crosses the datacenter wall, it has to be released through them. What ships get aggregate 41kbytes/sec using nearly whole 3090 processor. I then do RFC1044 support (NSC EN641 router) and in some tuning tests at Cray Research between IBM 4341 and Cray, get 4341 sustained channel throughput using only modest amount of 4341 processor (something like 500 times improvement in bytes moved per instruction executed).

rfc1044 support
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#1044

In 1988, I'm asked to help LLNL standardize some serial stuff they are playing with, which quickly becomes fibre-channel standard (including some stuff I did in 1980). Finally in 1990, the POK stuff gets released (when it is already obsolete) with ES/9000 as ESCON (17mbytes/sec, FCS started 1gbit/sec, full-duplex 2gbit, 200mbyte aggregate). Later some POK engineers get involved with FCS and define a heavy weight protocol that radically reduces the native throughput which eventually ships as FICON. Latest public FICON benchmark I can find is "peak i/o" on z196 that got 2M IOPS with 104 FICON (using 104 FCS). About the same time, a FCS was announced for E5-2600 blade claiming over million IOPS (two such FCS having higher throughput than 104 FICON running over 104 FCS).

ficon posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon

Note in 1980, STL 168s had 3270 controllers spread across all channels intermixed with DASD. Moving the 3270 controllers to A510s, got them off real IBM channels ... the A220 channel busy for same operations was so much less than 3270 controllers, the 168 systems' throughput went up 10-15%.

channel-extender posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#channel.extender

other trivia: In 1991 I was participating in the NII meetings at LLNL ... including working with (NSC VP) Gary Christensen
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Information_Infrastructure

I was also doing HA/CMP product and working with LLNL and other national labs on technical/scientific cluster scale-up, along with porting the LLNL filesystem to HA/CMP. Old email about not being able to make a LLNL NII meeting and Gray fills in for me and then comes by and updates me on what went on.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#email920129

within something like hrs of that email, cluster scale-up is transferred, announced as IBM supercomputer, and we are told we can't work on anything having more than four processors (we leave IBM a few months later).

ha/cmp posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
HSDT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt

NSC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_Systems_Corporation

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Network Systems

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Network Systems
Date: 17 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#109 Network Systems

IBM HIPPI i/o was horrible kluge for the 3090. 3090 I/O wasn't capable of anything close to 800mbits/sec ... so they cut into the side of the expanded store bus and used (PC-like) "peek/poke" i/o conventions driven with the 3090 extended store 4k page transfer instructions ... using reserved addresses on the expanded store bus.

expanded store itself was another gimmick. supposedly it was same exact technology as processor memory, but packaging wouldn't allow it close enough that cache line movement met latency requirements ... so for its higher latency ... instead of moving cache line at a time, it has a synchronous instruction and "wide" bus, that moves a whole 4kbytes back&forth between regular memory and expanded store memory.

I was also on the XTP technical advisory board and we were doing internet high-speed protocol with several enhancements ... outboard pipeline processing for throughput, reliable protocol with minimum of three packet exchanges (instead of TCP's minimum of seven packet exchanges), some advanced multicast (navy wanted it for ship and sub fiber communication ... multiple radar/sonar stations connected to multiple firing stations ... connected via multiple paths ... could have enormous damage and still be able to operate). We had been doing dynamic adaptive rate-based pacing for HSDT project (started in 1980 with T1 and then faster computer links, both terrestrial and satellite) and wrote it into XTP spec.

Some number of battles with IBMers supporting Ultranet ... doing lots of other stuff instead.

HSDT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
XTP/HSP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#xtphsp

some 3090 expanded store posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#70 2301, 2303, 2305-1, 2305-2, paging, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#71 PDP 11/40 system manual
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#63 Paging subsystems in the era of bigass memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#4 GREAT presentation on the history of the mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#69 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#24 What was a 3314?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#111 You count as an old-timer if (was Re: Origin of the phrase "XYZZY")
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#23 IBM's 3033; "The Big One": IBM's 3033
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#56 R.I.P. PDP-10?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#50 The Subroutine Call
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#41 A History Of Mainframe Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#47 nested LRU schemes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#122 Deja Cloud?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#39 Has anyone successfully migrated off mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#74 Vector processors on the 3090
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#69 how to get a command result without writing it to a file
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#39 At least two decades back, some gurus predicted that mainframes would disappear in future and it still has not happened
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#62 3090 ... announce 12Feb85
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#55 Mainframe Executive article on the death of tape
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#11 Mainframe Executive article on the death of tape
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#80 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010.html#86 locate mode, was Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#29 Thanks for the SEL32 Reminder, Al!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008f.html#8 Fantasy-Land_Hierarchal_NUMA_Memory-Model_on_Vertical
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008f.html#6 Fantasy-Land_Hierarchal_NUMA_Memory-Model_on_Vertical
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008b.html#15 Flash memory arrays
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#49 IBM LCS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007s.html#9 Poster of computer hardware events?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007p.html#11 what does xp do when system is copying
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007o.html#26 Tom's Hdw review of SSDs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007c.html#23 How many 36-bit Unix ports in the old days?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006s.html#16 memory, 360 lcs, 3090 expanded store, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006r.html#36 REAL memory column in SDSF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006l.html#43 One or two CPUs - the pros & cons
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#57 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006b.html#34 Multiple address spaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006.html#17 {SPAM?} DCSS as SWAP disk for z/Linux
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005u.html#40 POWER6 on zSeries?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005h.html#13 Today's mainframe--anything to new?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#57 Integer types for 128-bit addressing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004n.html#10 RISCs too close to hardware?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004e.html#2 Expanded Storage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003p.html#41 comp.arch classic: the 10-bit byte

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Automated Tape Library Systems

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Automated Tape Library Systems
Date: 18 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
cryptologic museum (outside fence, corner of wash/balt pkwy and rt32)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cryptologic_Museum
had a STK on display ... in front of it was TV playing MLS tape ... I ask for copy of the tape ... wanting to do a voice over parady. I had done large merged security glossary ... still up at
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/index.html
and the agency hassled me for including parts of orange book
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted_Computer_System_Evaluation_Criteria
instead of just sticking with common criteria
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Criteria

museum also had stretch/harvest exhibit ... picture from museum
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_7950_Harvest
The TRACTOR tape system, part of the HARVEST system, was unique for its time. It included six tape drives, which handled 1.75-inch-wide (44 mm) tape in cartridges, along with a library mechanism that could fetch a cartridge from a library, mount it on a drive, and return it to the library. The transfer rates and library mechanism were balanced in performance such that the system could read two streams of data from tape, and write a third, for the entire capacity of the library, without any time wasted for tape handling.
.... snip ...

past posts mentioning "security glossary"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#28 Some interesting post about the importance of Security and what it means for the Mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011c.html#50 IBM and the Computer Revolution
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#49 The 25 Most Dangerous Programming Errors
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008e.html#34 The hands-free way to steal a credit card
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005s.html#10 NEW USA FFIES Guidance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003l.html#20 Secure OS Thoughts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003j.html#47 The Tao Of Backup: End of postings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#37 unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#73 Security Certifications?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#77 Updated merged security glossary with glossary from NIST 800-37
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#69 merged security glossary updated with glossary from CIAO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#68 merged security glossary updated with glossary from CIAO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#45 RFC 2647 terms added to merged security glossary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#17 updated security glossary & taxonomy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002m.html#53 Authentication of others is a privilege, not a right
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002m.html#49 Help in Understanding requirement gathering, design,
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002m.html#47 updated security glossary/taxonomy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#35 ... certification
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#40 Beginner question on Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#83 Questions about computer security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#66 Formal Classification for Security Topics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#65 Real man-in-the-middle attacks?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#37 Security Issues of using Internet Banking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#14 Security glossary available
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#15 Security Classifications? (Where to Find Info)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#52 Are client certificates really secure?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#49 Are client certificates really secure?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#44 Does "Strong Security" Mean Anything?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#55 Computer security: The Future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#62 Net banking, is it safe???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#16 D
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#12 What does tempest stand for.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay4.htm#upgloss Updated combined security glossary with RFC2828
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay11.htm#1 Sun releases Liberty-enabled software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay10.htm#50 glossary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#12 Meaning of Non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#11 Meaning of Non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#10 Federated Identity Management: Sorting out the possibilities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm10.htm#paiin PAIIN security glossary & taxonomy

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Computer Literacy

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Computer Literacy
Date: 18 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
We spent some amount of time wringing hands about the lack of computer literacy (i.e. illiteracy) amount managers and executives

There is joke around the DC beltway that the very highest level of security is "downright embarrassing" ... that might embarrass some member of the gov ... trumps all other levels of gov. security.

over 50% of people and 70% of budget outsourced to commercial companies ... frequently owned by conglomerates ... major one was headed up by former IBM CEO.
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us
http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2007/10/barbarians-capitol-private-equity-public-enemy/
and data processing projects played major part in success of failure culture
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/

private equity companies buying up gov. contractors and beltway bandits and hiring prominent politicians to lobbying congress to outsource to their companies ... PE posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity

success of failure posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Future System

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Future System
Date: 20 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#105
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#106

Long-winded trivia ... somewhat related to Itanium:

Decade ago, I was asked to track down the decision to move all 370s to virtual memory and found assistant to the executive. Turns out MVT storage management was so bad that regions sizes had to be specified four times larger than normally used and so typical 1mbyte 370/165 only would support four regions, much less than needed to keep processor busy. Moving to 16mbyte virtual memoy would allow increasing number of regions by a factor of four times ... but would have little or no paging (since the storage wasn't actually used). Old email with some of their reply: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#81

Initial VS2 was SVS ... little different from running MVT in single CP67(VM370) 16mbyte virtual machine ... in fact the largest amount of code was borrowing CCWTRANS (from CP67) and hacking it into the side of SVC0/EXCP to translate the virtual addresses (from the passed channel programs) to real addresses. Then there was the problem of moving from SVS to MVS where each "region/application" got its own 16mbyte virtual address space.

The issue was the OS/360 API heritage was heavily parameter address/pointer passing paradigm ... so first there is an 8mbyte image of the MVS kernel mapped into each 16mbyte application virtual address space. Also subsystems were moved into their own 16mbyte virtual address space ... but when an application calls a subsystem, the passed parameter address is in the caller's address space, not the subsystems. So to allow subsystems to access the calling parameters ... the CSA (Common Segment Area) was created (a 1mbyte area that is mapped into every 16virtual address space, that is used for parameter passing) ... leaving 7mbytes for application. However, space for parameters is somewhat proportional to the number of concurrent regions and number subsystems ... and CSA size quickly exceeded 1mbyte and it changes to "Common System Area". By 3033 time, CSA size was 5-6mbyes (leaving only 2-3mbytes for applications) and threatening to increase to 8mbytes (leaving zero bytes for applications).

I've frequently mention that in the first part of the 70s, there was the (IBM) Future System project that was completely different than 370 and was going to completely replace all 370s ... and internal politics was shutting down 370 efforts (lack of new 370 products is credited with giving clone 370 makers their market foothold). Then when FS implodes, there is mad rush to get stuff back into the 370 product pipelines ... kicking off quick&dirty 3033&3081 (along with 370/xa) efforts in parallel. Part of 370/xa is "access registers" (letting subsystems directly access parameters in calling program address space w/o needed CSA ... motivated by the wide-spread, intrinsic problem MVS had with accessing parameter lists) ... 370/xa architecture documents known as "811" (for their Nov1978 publication date).

To address the growing CSA problem for 3033, one of the IBM people retrofits a subset of 370/xa "access registers" to 3033 as "dual-address space" mode. He is also working on 801/RISC to be used as microprocessors for low/mid-range 370s and controllers ... when that (801/risc) effort implodes, he leaves IBM for RISC project (SNAKE) at HP. Later he shows up as the major HP person on Itanium design. As Itanium was floundering, he leaves HP and does a startup for specialized Itanium applications.

Way back in "Future System" history, my wife was reporting to the executive in charge of one of the "Future System" architecture sections. She was to be their representative in FS meetings (that the executive wasn't able to make). She was told that there was only one person in the FS meetings that she had to worry about (and actually knew what they were doing) ... this IBMer who would later be the Itanium architect at HP. When the future Itanium architect left for HP, I was getting several emails worried that I might be leaving with him.

disclaimer: I continued to work on 360/370 stuff all during FS (even when told the only way I could get a raise was to transfer to FS) and would even periodically ridicule what they were doing (lots of fantasy stuff that they had no idea how to implement, ridicule wasn't a particularly career enhancing activity). Many years later leaving IBM in the executive daparture interview, I was told they could have forgiven me for being wrong, but they could never forgive me for being right (possibly referring to a long list of things).

topic drift: IBM Burlington had critical fortran application, part of chip design that was seven mbytes (and many custom, specialized MVS systems with single mbyte CSA dedicated for this application) ... which was in constant threat of exceeding 7mbytes with every change or enhancement. There was an attempt to convert them to VM370/CMS ... where they could have nearly a whole 16mbyte virtual address space (CMS OS/360 simulation was only 64kbytes) ... however there would have been great loss of face ... if Burlington moved from MVS to VM370.

FS posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
801/risc, iliad, romp, rios, pc/rt, rs/6000, power/pc, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801

some posts mentioning (3033) dual-address space mode
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#115 Assembler :- PC Instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#38 long-winded post thread, 3033, 3081, Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#23 VS History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#92 S/360 addressing, not Honeywell 200
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#57 64 bit addressing into the future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#48 64 bit addressing into the future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#94 Migration off Mainframe to other platform
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#40 Mainframe Family tree and chronology 2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#61 Paging subsystems in the era of bigass memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#104 You count as an old-timer if (was Re: Origin of the phrase "XYZZY")
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#35 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#116 Is there a source for detailed, instruction-level performance info?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#46 Connecting memory to 370/145 with only 36 bits
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#82 Do we really need 64-bit DP or is 48-bit enough?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#36 1950: Northrop's Digital Differential Analyzer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#22 Complete 360 and 370 systems found
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#62 Difference between MVS and z / OS systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#71 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made 30 years agotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#81 Still not convinced about the superiority of mainframe security vs distributed?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#22 Is Microsoft becoming folklore?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#26 Mainframes are still the best platform for high volume transaction processing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#30 Regarding Time Sharing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#21 8-bit bytes and byte-addressed machines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#27 Simulated PDP-11 Blinkenlight front panel for SimH
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#26 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#57 How will mainframers retiring be different from Y2K?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#100 5 Byte Device Addresses?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#66 M68k add to memory is not a mistake any more
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#45 segments and sharing, was 68000 assembly language programming
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#61 Joint Design of Instruction Set and Language
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#39 At least two decades back, some gurus predicted that mainframes would disappear in future and it still has not happened
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#17 New job for mainframes: Cloud platform
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#72 Multiple Virtual Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#21 Dataspaces or 64 bit storage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#13 OS/400 and z/OS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#10 Far and near pointers on the 80286 and later
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#2 Far and near pointers on the 80286 and later
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#83 Far and near pointers on the 80286 and later
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#75 LPARs: More or Less?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010d.html#81 LPARs: More or Less?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#41 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#58 Rudd bucks boost IBM mainframe business
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#74 Best IEFACTRT (off topic)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#59 Why do IBMers think disks are 'Direct Access'?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008p.html#40 Opsystems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#53 Old XDS Sigma stuff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#83 old 370 info
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#45 z/OS BIND9 DNS Vulnerable to Cache Poisoning Attack Problem?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#52 Microsoft versus Digital Equipment Corporation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#29 DB2 & z/OS Dissertation Research
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#60 Different Implementations of VLIW
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008e.html#33 IBM Preview of z/OS V1.10
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008e.html#14 Kernels
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008c.html#35 New Opcodes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008c.html#33 New Opcodes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#75 T3 Sues IBM To Break its Mainframe Monopoly
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007r.html#56 CSA 'above the bar'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007q.html#68 Direction of Stack Growth
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007p.html#21 Newsweek article--baby boomers and computers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007o.html#10 IBM 8000 series
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007l.html#71 IBM 360 Model 20 Questions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007k.html#28 IBM 360 Model 20 Questions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007k.html#27 user level TCP implementation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007k.html#14 Some IBM 3033 information
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#59 IBM to the PCM market(the sky is falling!!!the sky is falling!!)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#39 Multiple mappings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#23 Multiple mappings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#23 threads versus task
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006s.html#42 Ranking of non-IBM mainframe builders?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006r.html#32 MIPS architecture question - Supervisor mode & who is using it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006r.html#26 A Day For Surprises (Astounding Itanium Tricks)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006p.html#10 What part of z/OS is the OS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006i.html#33 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006b.html#28 Multiple address spaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006b.html#25 Multiple address spaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006.html#39 What happens if CR's are directly changed?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005q.html#48 Intel strikes back with a parallel x86 design
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005q.html#41 Instruction Set Enhancement Idea
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005p.html#19 address space
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005p.html#18 address space
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005f.html#57 Moving assembler programs above the line
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005f.html#7 new Enterprise Architecture online user group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005d.html#62 Misuse of word "microcode"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005c.html#63 intel's Vanderpool and virtualization in general
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005b.html#53 The mid-seventies SHARE survey
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005.html#3 [Lit.] Buffer overruns
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#57 Integer types for 128-bit addressing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#18 Integer types for 128-bit addressing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004n.html#54 CKD Disks?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004n.html#26 PCIe as a chip-to-chip interconnect
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004f.html#53 Infiniband - practicalities for small clusters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004f.html#27 [Meta] Marketplace argument
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004c.html#6 If the x86 ISA could be redone
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003m.html#29 SR 15,15
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#13 Page Table - per OS/Process
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#0 Resolved: There Are No Programs With >32 Bits of Text
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#69 unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#53 Reviving Multics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003c.html#13 Unused address bits
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002q.html#1 Linux paging
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#58 IBM S/370-168, 195, and 3033
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002l.html#57 Handling variable page sizes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#18 Black magic in POWER5
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#17 Black magic in POWER5
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002d.html#51 Hardest Mistake in Comp Arch to Fix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#13 GETMAIN R/RU (was: An IEABRC Adventure)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#58 Why not an IBM zSeries workstation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#84 Is a VAX a mainframe?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Peer-Coupled Shared Data Architecture

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Peer-Coupled Shared Data Architecture
Date: 20 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
The last product we did at IBM was HA/CMP.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_High_Availability_Cluster_Multiprocessing

It started out as HA/6000 for NYTimes to move their newspaper system (ATEX) off Vax/cluster ... but I renaned it HA/CMP when started doing scientific/technical cluster scale-up with national labs and commercial cluster scale-up with RDBMS vendors. We spend a lot of time studying how things failed ... part of old earlier paper by Jim Gray about failures ... becoming people mistakes and environmental problems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/grayft84.pdf
also, ref gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine.
https://web.archive.org/web/20080724051051/http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~yelick/294-f00/papers/Gray85.txt

I coin the terms "disaster survivable" and "geographic survivable" when out doing HA/CMP marketing. I was then asked to write a section for the corporate continuous availability strategy document ... but it got pulled when both Rochester (AS/400) and POK (mainframe) complained that they couldn't meet the requirements. Then cluster scale-up is transferred, announced as IBM Supercomputer, and we are told we couldn't work on anything with more than four processors. We leave IBM a few months later.

HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
available, disaster survivable, geographic survivable posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#available

disclaimer: my wife was in the Gburg JES group and one of the catchers for ASP/JES3. She was then con'ed into going to POK to be responsible for loosely-coupled architecture where she did peer-coupled shared data architecture. She doesn't last long because of 1) constant battles with the communication group trying to force her into using SNA/VTAM for loosely-coupled operation and 2) little uptake except for IMS hot-standby (until much later with SYSPLEX and Parallel SYSPLEX). She has story about talking with Vern Watts about IMS hot-standby and asking him who he will ask to get permission to implement it (hot-standby) ... and he says nobody, he would just do it and tell them when it was done.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Information_Management_System

Peer-Coupled Shared Data architecture posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#shareddata

vern also mainframe hall of fame
https://www.enterprisesystemsmedia.com/mainframehalloffame
I'm just after Vern in that list, also in 1st group Knights of VM
http://mvmua.org/knights.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Peer-Coupled Shared Data Architecture

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Peer-Coupled Shared Data Architecture
Date: 21 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#114 Peer-Coupled Shared Data Architecture

Other IMS-related trivia

After joining IBM, one of my hobbies was enhanced production operating systems for internal datacenters (including world-wide, sales&marking support online HONE systems were long time customers) ... initially CSC/CP then CSC/VM and later (after transfer to SJR), SJR/VM. I also get con'ed into playing disk engineer in bldg14&15 across the street and helping with the original sql/relational RDBMS, System/R. When Jim leaves for Tandem in fall of 1980, he is palming stuff off on me ... wanting me to help with BofA that were gettting 60 VM/4341s for System/R installations and also do consulting for the IMS DBMS development group down in STL.

CSC posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech csc/vm (&/or sjr/vm) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#cscvm
playing disk engineer posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk
System/R posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr

Also in 1980, STL was bursting at the seams and were moving 300 people from the IMS group to offsite bldg with dataprocessing service back to STL datacenter. They had tried "remote 3270s", but found the human factors totally unacceptable. I'm con'ed into doing channel-extender support placing local channel-attached 3270 controllers at the offsite bldg (with no difference in human factors between offsite and STL). Hardware vendor then tries to get IBM to release my support, but there is group in POK playing with some serial stuff and were afraid if it is in the market, it would be harder to get their stuff released ... and get it veto'ed.

channel-extender posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#channel.extender

Later in 1988, LLNL is playing with some serial stuff and I'm asked to help them get in standardized which quickly becomes fibre-channel standard (including some stuff I had done in 1980). Finally in 1990, the POK people get their stuff released with ES/9000 as ESCON when it is already obsolete (17mbytes/sec, FCS is 1gbit, full-duplex, 2gbit/200mbyte aggregate). Later some POK engineers start playing with FCS and define an extremely heavy-weight protocol that radically cuts FCS throughput ... that is eventually released as FICON. Latest published FICON benchmark I can find was "Peak I/O" for z196 that got 2M IOPS using 104 FICON (running over 104 FCS). About the same time a FCS was announced for E5-2600 blade claiming over million IOPS (two such FCS getting higher throughput than 104 FICON running over 104 FCS).

FICON posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon

1986, I'm con'ed into trying to put out a Series/1 based VTAM/NCP (pu4/pu5) emulation as type-1 IBM product, that has enormous more feature, function, throughput, performance. IMS hot-standby is interested because hot-standby is up in minute or two ... but for VTAM to re-establish 60,000 sessions takes over an hour or two (even on max. configured 3090). One of the things supported by Series/1 is shadow sessions ... it would establish a shadow session (for IMS hot-standby in different datacenter so it is nearly immediately up and running, basically VTAM "hot standby", it leverages cross-domain support, all resources "owned" by the outboard simulated VTAM). What communication group then does to torpedo the project can only be described as truth is stranger than fiction.

couple old/archived posts on effort:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#67
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#70

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Building the System/360 Mainframe Nearly Destroyed IBM

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Building the System/360 Mainframe Nearly Destroyed IBM
Date: 22 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
Building the System/360 Mainframe Nearly Destroyed IBM. Instead, the S/360 proved to be the most successful product launch ever and changed the course of computing
https://spectrum.ieee.org/building-the-system360-mainframe-nearly-destroyed-ibm

Story about failed future system project in the 70s ... was completely different from 360/370 and was going to completely replace it ... claim was that IBM was the only company that was large enough to survive such a massive unannounced failure
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm

during FS, internal politics were shutting down 370 efforts ... and the lack of new 370 products during the FS period is giving clone controller vendors their market foothold. When FS implodes there is mad rush to get stuff back into 370 product pipelines, kicking of quick&dirty 3033 & 3081 efforts in parallel

oh ... ACS360 in the late 60s was shutdown because IBM executives thought it might it might advance the state-of-the-art too fast and IBM would loose control of the market (and Amdahl leaves slightly later) ... at the end of the page has ACS360 features that show up more than 20yrs later in ES/9000
https://people.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/acs_end.html

Future System Posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Building the System/360 Mainframe Nearly Destroyed IBM

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Building the System/360 Mainframe Nearly Destroyed IBM
Date: 22 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#116 Building the System/360 Mainframe Nearly Destroyed IBM

I was blamed for online computer conferencing (precursor to modern social media) on the internal network (non-SNA and larger than arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until some time mid/late 80s) ... technology also used for the corporate sponsored univ. network (also larger than arpanet/internet for a time) BITNET
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BITNET

internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
BITNET (& EARN) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet

folklore is when corporate executive committee was told about it, 5of6 wanted to fire me. Six copies of some 300 pages were printed, with a executive summary and summary of the summary, packaged in TANDEM 3-ring binders and sent to the corporate executive committee ... from summary of the summary:
To give the reader an overview of what follows, I include here the most important points. It is impossible to do justice to the entire discussion in such a short summary of a summary

• The perception of many technical people in IBM is that the company is rapidly heading for disaster. Furthermore, people fear that this movement will not be appreciated until it begins more directly to affect revenue, at which point recovery may be impossible

• Many technical people are extremely frustrated with their management and with the way things are going in IBM. To an increasing extent, people are reacting to this by leaving IBM Most of the contributors to the present discussion would prefer to stay with IBM and see the problems rectified. However, there is increasing skepticism that correction is possible or likely, given the apparent lack of commitment by management to take action

• There is a widespread perception that IBM management has failed to understand how to manage technical people and high-technology development in an extremely competitive environment.

... snip ...

online computer conferencing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc

aka, which comes to pass a decade later (1981-1992) ... reorging into "13 baby blues" in preparation for breaking up the company (gone behind paywall, mostly free at wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html

we had left but get a call from bowels of Armonk asking if we could help with the breakup of the company. Lots of business units were using MOUs to leverage supplier contracts in other units, which would be in different corporations after the breakup. All these MOUs would have to be cataloged and turned into their own contracts (before we get started, a new CEO is brought in and reverses the breakup). We also get email from former coworkers complaining that top executives weren't paying attention to running the business but totally focused on moving expenses from the following year to the current year. We ask our contact in Armonk. He says top executives won't get a bonus for the current year, but the way the bonus plan is written if they can move enough expenses from the following year, nudging it even slightly into the black, they will get a bonus more than twice as large as any previous bonus (aka, getting rewarded for having taken the company into the red)

Note significant contribution was communication group was fiercely fighting off client/server and distributed computing, trying to preserve their dumb terminal paradigm and install base. As often repeated, a senior disk engineer got a talk scheduled at the internal, annual, world-wide, communication group conference supposedly on 3174 performance, but opened the talk that the communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division. The disk division was seeing a drop in disk sales with customers moving data to more distributed computing friendly platforms. The disk division had come up with a number of solutions/fixes ... but the communication group (with its corporate strategic ownership of everything that crossed the datacenter walls) would veto them all.

dumb terminal & communication group posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall

Other trivia: In the early 80s, I was introduced to John Boyd and would sponsor his briefings at IBM. In 1989/1990 time-frame, the commandant of the Marine Corps, leverages Boyd for a make-over of the corps ... at a time when IBM was desperately in need of a make-over (at the time, both organizations had approx. the same number of people).

Boyd posts & URL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Building the System/360 Mainframe Nearly Destroyed IBM

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Building the System/360 Mainframe Nearly Destroyed IBM
Date: 22 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#116 Building the System/360 Mainframe Nearly Destroyed IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#117 Building the System/360 Mainframe Nearly Destroyed IBM

Internal online computer conferencing really took off after I distributed Gray trip report spring of 1981 ... some claims that 25,000 IBMers were reading, but there were only about 300 active participants. Folklore is that when corporate executive committee were told about it, 5of6 wanted to fire me. Copy of IBMJargon on the web
http://www.comlay.net/ibmjarg.pdf
Tandem Memos - n. Something constructive but hard to control; a fresh of breath air (sic). That's another Tandem Memos. A phrase to worry middle management. It refers to the computer-based conference (widely distributed in 1981) in which many technical personnel expressed dissatisfaction with the tools available to them at that time, and also constructively criticized the way products were [are] developed. The memos are required reading for anyone with a serious interest in quality products. If you have not seen the memos, try reading the November 1981 Datamation summary.
... snip ...

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

70s & 80s mainframes

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: 70s & 80s mainframes
Date: 23 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
Amdahl did a lot of original IBM 360, then was doing IBM ACS/360, which IBM execs kill because they thought it would advance the computer state of the art too fast and IBM would loose control of the market (also lists some of the ACS/360 features that show up more than 20yrs later with ES/9000).
https://people.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/acs_end.html

Amdahl then leaves and starts his own computer company. In the first part of the 70s, he has seminar at MIT (large full auditorium, lots of people from the science center attend). During the seminar, a student asks him what justification did he use to get funding from the money people. He said it was that even if IBM were to completely walk away from 360/370, customers had already spent large billions on 360 software development that would keep him in business through the end of the century. This was in the Future System period which was going to kill off 370, and the wording sort of implies he knew about it ... but later, he says he had no knowledge of Future System. Future discussions ... going to completely replace 370 and completely different
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm

Internal politics were killing off 370 efforts during FS period (and the lack of new 370 stuff during FS is credited with giving clone 370 makers their market foothold). When FS implodes, there is mad rush to get stuff back in 370 product pipelines ... including kicking off the quick&dirty 3033 (starting remapping 168-3 logic to 20% faster chips) and 3081 (some warm over FS stuff) in parallel.

3081 out the door was two processor 3081D (but a 3081D processor benchmarks slower than 3033), then cache size is doubled for two processor 3081K ... but only about same throughput as single processor Amdahl (and four processor 3084 is slower than Amdahl two processor machine).

Future System posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

When I first join IBM, I get to continue going to SHARE meetings as well as wandering around IBM and customer datacenters. Director of one the largest customer financial datacenters on the east coast likes to stop by and talk technology. Then the branch manager does something that horribly offends the customer ... and they order an Amdahl machine (it would be a lonely Amdahl in vast sea of blue). I was then asked to go on site at the customer for a year to help obfuscate why an Amdahl machine was being ordered. This was during the period when Amdahl was selling into scientific/technical/univ ... but had yet to break into true blue commercial market. I talk it over with the customer .... who says they would like to see me there, but it wouldn't make any difference in the Amdahl order ... and I decline. I was then told that the branch manager was good sailing buddy of IBM CEO ... and if I don't do this, I could forget having an IBM career, promotions, raises.

Science Center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech

About this time, Endicott also cons me into help with microcode assist for 138/148 (also used later in 4331/4341) ... I'm to identify the 6k bytes of operating system pathlength 370 instructions to be redone in microcode (approx. byte-for-byte translation with ten times speed up). Old post with initial analysis showing 6kbytes highest operating system pathlength 370 instructions accounted for 79.55% of total operating system CPU use.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#21

Later I transfer to San Jose Research and continue to wander around IBM and non-IBM datacenters as well as attending the monthly BAYBUNCH meetings hosted by SLAC. Early 80s, I get permission to present how the 138/148 microcode assist was done. After BAYBUNCH we usually retire to local Palo Alto watering hole and the Amdahl people corner me looking for more information. They explain that they have done MACROCODE ... a 370 like instruction subset running microcode mode ... enormously simplifies implementing features compared to standard high-end processor (horizontal) microcode ... in reaction to the stream of microcode changes being released by IBM and required by the latest operating system (in some cases, IBM microcode that even ran slower than original software). They tell me they were then in the process of doing HYPERVISOR (basically a microcode virtual machine subset that didn't need VM/370, sufficient to run MVS/XA and MVS concurrently on the same machine) and wanted to know some more about my experience doing microcode assist.

Now in the wake of FS implosion, the head of POK managed to convince corporate to kill VM/370, shutdown the development group and transfer all the people to POK to support MVS/XA development (or otherwise MVS/XA wouldn't ship on time). Note: Endicott managed to save the VM/370 product mission, but had to reconstitute a development group from scratch. Now in POK, they did manage to do a virtual machine VMTOOL as part of supporting MVS/XA development, that was never intended for product release. There was also the enormously slow (3081) SIE instruction that allowed moving into and out of virtual machine mode when running 370/XA. Eventually when customers weren't converting from MVS to MVS/XA as expected, they decide to release the VMTOOL as VM/MA (migration aid, and then VM/SF) allowing MVS and MVS/XA to be run concurrently on the same 3081.

Trivia: System Programmer in IBM Rochester had added full 370/XA support to VM/370 ... but POK proposes a new couple hundred people group to add the feature, function, performance and other stuff to bring VMTOOL up to VM/370 level (as opposed to Endicott just releasing VM/370 with 370/XA support) ... somehow POK wins.

Note that IBM doing PR/SM and LPAR support in native microcode doesn't ship until almost 3090 end-of-life (years after Amdahl HYPERVISOR).

trivia: After FS implodes get sucked (also) into working on 16-way (processor) 370 machine ... and also talked the 3033 processor engineers into working on it in their spare time (a lot more interesting than remapping 168-3 logic to 20% faster chips). Everybody thinks it is great until somebody tells the head of POK that it could be decades before the POK favorite son operating system (MVS) has (effective) 16-way support. The head of POK then invites some of us to never visit POK again and directs 3033 processor engineers heads down and don't be distracted (IBM 1st ships 16 processor mainframe, z900 over 20yrs later). Once the 3033 is out the door, they start work on TROUT (aka 3090). Some old email about TROUT/3090 (including some about 3081 SIE never intended for production use)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006j.html#email810630
in this post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006j.html#27
with some followup discussion
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006j.html#31

3090 processor complex
https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP3090.html

some recent 3090 related posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#104 DUMPRX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#24 Programming Languages in IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#61 Virtual Machine Debugging
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#27 IBM Fan-fold cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#25 Field Support and PSRs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#2 What's Fortran?!?!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#58 MAINFRAME (4341) History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#120 maps on Cadillac Seville trip computer from 1978
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#0 IBM HONE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#82 TCM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#76 How many years ago?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#43 VSAM usage for ancient disk models
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#0 Intrigued by IBM

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Computer Performance

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Computer Performance
Date: 24 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
Peer-Coupled Shared Data architecture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#114
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#115
building the system/360 mainframe nearly destroyed ibm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#116
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#117
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#118
70s&80s mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#119

Turn of the century I did some performance analysis at large financial outsourcing datacenter (handled 500M US credit card accounts) with >40 max configured IBM mainframes (@$30M, constantly being upgraded, none older than 18m, number needed to finish settlement in the overnight batch window). They all ran a 450K Cobol statement application (accounts partititioned across the systems) and had a large performance group that had tended it for decades ... but had become some myopically focused on a few technologies

In 60s&70s, the IBM science center had developed a variety of technologies, monitoring, modeling, hot-spot, precursor to capacity planning, etc. I used some other ways of looking at throughput and came up with 14% improvement.

Science Center had also done an APL-based system model ... that was also made availble on (world-wide, online sales&marketing support) HONE system for SEs as Performance Predictor. SEs would enter customer configuration and workload profiles and ask "what-if" change questions. In the mid-70s, the US HONE datacenters were consolidated in Palo Alto with enhancements for loosely-coupled, single-system image with load-balancing and fall-over across the complex ... eventually eight two-processor SMPs (16 processors total) ... largest in the world. Closest were some customer ACP/TPF (airline) configurations ... but TPF didn't get multiprocessor support until at least a decade later ... so were only eight processor configurations. In any case, another version of the system model was also used for (HONE) load-balancing decisions.

Science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
HONE posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone

During the IBM troubles in the 90s, a 20yr later version was acquired by somebody in Europe and ran it through a APL->C converter and used it for mainframe/datacenter (not just IBM mainframe) performance consulting business. He found another 7% for 21% total, able to save over $250M in IBM mainframes (I had joked when I started that I would prefer a couple percent of the savings in lieu of other payment).

In the 70s&80s ... mainframe hardware tended to be 40%-50% (or more) of IBM revenue. In the 90s, much of the mainframe low-hanging fruit moves to other platforms. This century, mainframe hardware has tended to be around percent or two of IBM revenue ... more detailed analysis around EC12 time was that while mainframe hardware was only percent or two of IBM revenue, the mainframe group was 25% of IBM revenue (and 40% of profit) ... based on software and services. The drastic reduction in mainframe hardware market radically cut the opportunity for clone makers ... IBM still there with it for the significant profit from mainframe software.

z196 seemed to have been the last where there were real published benchmark numbers ... since then things got a lot more obfuscated (like just getting percents compared to previous machines). z196 documents have some statement that 1/3 to 1/2 of z10->z196 per processor performance improvement was introduction of memory latency compensating technology (that had been in other platforms for long time), out-of-order execution, branch prediction, etc
z900, 16 processors, 2.5BIPS (156MIPS/proc), Dec2000
z990, 32 processors, 9BIPS, (281MIPS/proc), 2003
z9, 54 processors, 18BIPS (333MIPS/proc), July2005
z10, 64 processors, 30BIPS (469MIPS/proc), Feb2008
z196, 80 processors, 50BIPS (625MIPS/proc), Jul2010
EC12, 101 processors, 75BIPS (743MIPS/proc), Aug2012
z13, 140 processors, 100BIPS (710MIPS/proc), Jan2015
z14, 170 processors, 150BIPS (862MIPS/proc), Aug2017
z15, 190 processors, 190BIPS* (1000MIPS/proc), Sep2019

• pubs say z15 1.25 times z14 (1.25*150BIPS or 190BIPS)

... snip ...

Z196 max config @$30M, benchmark at 50BIPS (#iterations compared to 158-3), same time frame large cloud operations commodity were e5-2600 and benchmarked 500BIPS (same 158-3 #iterations) ... before IBM sold off server business, IBM E5-2600 had base list price of $1815 ... z196 $600,000/BIPS (just hardware, not including software), E5-2600 $3.60/BIPS.

... large cloud operations have said for at least a decade or two, that they assemble their own servers for 1/3rd cost of brand name servers ($1/BIPS ... compared to Z196 $600,000/BIPS, w/o software) ... IBM sold off its server business about time press was quoting major server chip vendors were shipping half their product directly to the large cloud operations

... aka standard cloud rack mount server blade continue to have at least 10 times the processing of max. configured mainframe at less than .00002% the cost/BIPS ... and large cloud operation will have a dozen or more large cloud megadatacenters around the world, each with more than half million of these blade servers (megadatacenters have so drastically reduced server costs, that power&cooling have increasingly become major factor). A large cloud datacenter with more than half million systems (say equivalent of 5million max configured mainframes) are operated by 80-120 people ... say 14,000 systems/person (enormous software automation, handling equivalent of 140,000 max configured mainframes/person).

cloud megadatacenter posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#megadatacenter
FICON (& z196 peak i/o benchmark)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon
benchmark posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#benchmark

performance predictor posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#30 VM370, 3081, and AT&T Long Lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#25 VM370, 3081, and AT&T Long Lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#10 A brief overview of IBM's new 7 nm Telum mainframe CPU
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#61 Performance Monitoring, Analysis, Simulation, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#43 IBM Powerpoint sales presentations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#32 HONE story/history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#106 IBM HONE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#85 IBM: Buying While Apathetaic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#80 IBM: Buying While Apathetaic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#27 Online Computer Conferencing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#38 long-winded post thread, 3033, 3081, Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#2 Has Microsoft commuted suicide
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#30 Bottlenecks and Capacity planning
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#109 It's 1983: What computer would you buy?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#103 why VM, was thrashing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#68 Pareto efficiency
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#43 The Pentagon still uses computer software from 1958 to manage its contracts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#27 Virtualization's Past Helps Explain Its Current Importance

450k statement cobol app
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#58 Card Associations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#30 VM370, 3081, and AT&T Long Lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#87 UPS & PDUs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#10 A brief overview of IBM's new 7 nm Telum mainframe CPU
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#61 Performance Monitoring, Analysis, Simulation, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#68 How Gerstner Rebuilt IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#61 MAINFRAME (4341) History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#49 IBM CEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#4 Killer Micros
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#7 IBM CEOs

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Computer Performance

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Computer Performance
Date: 24 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#120 Computer Performance

As undergraduate in the 60s, I got to rewrite a lot of CP67 (precursor to vm370) code, dynamic adaptive scheduling/resource management, page replacement algorithms, fast path code optimization, ordered seek queuing, combining multiple record transfers in single I/O for optimizing transfers/rotation, etc. After graduating and joining IBM, one of my hobbies was providing enhanced production operating systems for internal datacenters (including online, world-wide, sales&marketing HONE systems were long time customer).

Later in the morph from CP67->VM370, they dropped and/or greatly simplified a lot of features (most of my undergraduate work, support for multiprocessors, etc). I eventually got around to migrating a lot of that stuff to VM370 ... and shipping the (science center) enhanced CSC/VM for internal datacenters. Some old email about getting around to shipping CSC/VM on VM370 release 2 base:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430

then I added multiprocessor support into VM370 release 3 based CSC/VM, initially for HONE.

Science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech csc/vm (&/or sjr/vm) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#cscvm
HONE posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone

Note, 23Jun1969, IBM had unbundling announcement ... starting to charge (separately) for maint, SE services, software (although they managed to make case that operating system/kernel software was still free). In the first half of the 70s, IBM had Future System effort that was going to completely replace 370 (internal politics were killing off 370 efforts, lack of new 370 during the period is credited with giving clone makers their market foothold). Then when FS implodes there is a mad rush to get stuff back into 370 product pipelines ... which contributes to vm370 picking up some of my CSC/VM stuff for VM370 release 3.

unbundling posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundling
Future System posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

With the rise in the clone makers, there is then a decision for transition to charging for kernel software and some more of my CSC/VM stuff gets selected as the guinea pig for charged-for operating system "add-on" ... and I get to spend some amount of time with business planners and lawyers. We had initially done automated benchmarking (originally the autolog command was developed for automated benchmarking) that can vary configuration and workloads. We look at all the customer & internal system configurations and workloads and define 1000 benchmarks that systematically covers the spectrum. Then modified version of the performance predictor is used to select the second 1000 benchmarks (predict performance for a benchmark, compare it with actual results, then calculate configuration/workload for next benchmark). The 2000 automated benchmarks take three months elapsed time to run (used to validate my dynamic adaptive functions as well as the system model).

benchmark posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#benchmark

In the 80s, the transition to kernel charging is complete ... no more charge for add-ons, whole new releases are charged for (part of clone maker countermeasures) ... next came the OCO-wars ... "object code only" ... no more shipping source.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Mainframe "Peak I/O" benchmark

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Mainframe "Peak I/O" benchmark
Date: 24 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
recent posts mentioning "peak I/O" benchmark
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#120 Computer Performance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#115 Peer-Coupled Shared Data Architecture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#109 Network Systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#53 IBM Mainframe

The most recent published "peak I/O" benchmark I can find is for max configured z196 getting 2M IOPS with 104 FICON (running over 104 FCS) ... using emulated CKD disks on industry standard fixed-block disks (no real CKD disks made for decades).

The first place I saw the myth really appear was with 3090. 3090 had initially sized the number of channels for balanced system throughput based on the assumption that 3880 controller was similar to 3830 controller but with 3mbyte/sec transfer (& 3mbyte/sec 3380 disks). However, the 3880 controller had a really slow microprocessor (with special hardware path for data transfer) which enormously drove up channel busy (compared to what a 3830 w/3mbyte would have been). When they realized how bad the 3880 really was, they had to significantly increase the number of channels (in order to meet throughput objectives) offsetting the significant 3880 channel busy ... the increased channels required an extra TCM ... and 3090 people joked that they would bill the 3880 group for the 3090 increase in manufacturing costs. Marketing respun the increase in channels as extra ordinary I/O machine (as opposed to being required to offset the 3880 controller problems and meet the original throughput objectives).

In 1980, STL was bursting at the seams and were moving 300 people from the IMS group to offsite bldg. They had tried "remote 3270" and found the human factors unacceptable. I get con'ed into doing channel extender support so they place channel attached 3270 controllers at the offsite bldg ... with no perceptible human factors between offsite and in STL. The hardware vendor then tries to get IBM to release my support, but there is a group in POK playing with some serial stuff and they get it veto'ed (afraid if it was in the market, it would make it harder to justify their stuff). In 1988, LLNL is playing with some serial stuff and I'm asked to help them get it standardize, which quickly becomes fibre-channel standard (including some stuff I had done in 1980). The POK people finally get their stuff released in 1990 with ES/9000 as ESCON when it is already obsolete (i.e. 17mbytes/sec, FCS started 1gbit/sec link full-duplex, 2gbit/sec aggregate, 200mbyte/sec). Then some POK people become involved in FCS and define a heavy weight protocol that drastically reduces the native throughput that is eventually released as FICON.

The most recent published "peak I/O" benchmark I can find is for max configured z196 getting 2M IOPS with 104 FICON (running over 104 FCS) ... using emulated CKD disks on industry standard fixed-block disks (no real CKD disks made for decades). About the same time there is a FCS announced for E5-2600 blades (standard in cloud megadatacenters at the time) claiming over million IOPS (two such FCS having higher throughput than 104 FICON running over 104 FCS) using industry standard disks.

FICON posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon

funny 3090 EREP story: the channel-extender hardware vendor re-implements mine from scratch ... when transmission was running over telco link and got hard error, I would simulate an ending channel check error to the host software (which would retry the operation). The 3090 product administrator tracks me down after the 3090s have been in customer shops for a year ... and says he has EREP reporting problem. An industry service collects EREP reports and does summary reports ... including comparing IBM, Hitachi, and Amdahl machines. 3090 was designed to have only an aggregate of 3-5 channel check errors across all customer machines over a year period. It turns out there have been and aggregate of 15 channel check errors reported (10 more than predicted). They track it down to customers running the channel-extender support. I'm asked if I can get it changed to something else. After a little research, I figure out that operating system error recovery is nearly identical for IFCC (interface control check) and channel check ... and talk the vendor into changing the simulation of channel check error to IFCC.

HSDT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
channel-extender posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#channel.extender

What is Hadoop Cluster? Learn to Build a Cluster in Hadoop
https://data-flair.training/blogs/what-is-hadoop-cluster/
1. What is Hadoop Cluster?

A Hadoop cluster is nothing but a group of computers connected together via LAN. We use it for storing and processing large data sets. Hadoop clusters have a number of commodity hardware connected together. They communicate with a high-end machine which acts as a master. These master and slaves implement distributed computing over distributed data storage. It runs open source software for providing distributed functionality.

... snip ...

note: could consider we were working on something analogous with commercial cluster-scale-up for HA/CMP ... looking for 128 system by ye1992 ... until it is transferred, announced as supercomputer for scientific/technical *ONLY* and we are told we can't work on anything with more than four processors ... we leave IBM a few months later.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Mainframe "Peak I/O" benchmark

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Mainframe "Peak I/O" benchmark
Date: 25 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#122 Mainframe "Peak I/O" benchmark

In the early 90s, IBM had gone into the red and was being reorged into the 13 "baby blues" in preparation for breaking up the company (board eventually hires new CEO that reverses breakup) ... article gone behind paywall, but lives free at wayback machine
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html

IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall

Then after the first waves of mainframe low-hanging fruit moving to "killer micros", the financial industry in the mid-90s was spending billions to redo applications for parallel, killer micros (back when max configured mainframe was still more powerful than single killer micro). Financial had real-time transactions that were still being queued for settlement in the overnight batch windows (many of the implementations running code from the 60s & 70s). Increase in business & transactions was combining with globalization shortening the overnight batch windows ... and settlement wasn't completing in the time available. They were planning on moving to straight-through processing (eliminating the overnight batch window) with parallel processing on large number of killer micros. Some of us warned them that the standard (killer micro) parallelization libraries they were using, had 100 times the overhead of batch cobol ... but fell on deaf ears. Then came the deployments, the parallelization software totally swamps any increase in throughput anticipated with large number of killer micros ... and it was predicted that it would be a long time before it was tried again.

Later after turn of century, I become involved with a person doing an high-level business process language ... that generates fine-grain RDBMS SQL statements, easily parallelized and scale-up (with the enormous amount of work gone into open system RDBMS cluster throughput, ACID properties and RAS, by IBM and others). It radically reduces the effort to develop, update, and maintain financial applications (and much simpler to modify to meet changing regulations). At the time killer micros were starting to surpass the throughput of max configured mainframes ... and the open system cluster RDBMS throughput far exceeded any mainframe capability. He does several fully operational "straight through" processing prototypes on modest sized cluster configurations, that have transaction throughput far exceeding any major business operation (large national banks, trading floors, etc). We take it to major financial industry organizations and initially meet with high acceptance ... then it hits brick wall. Finally are told that there are too many financial executives that bear scars from the 90s failures ... and it will be a long time before the industry attempts any such major transition again.

disclaimer: In the 70s&80s, I was involved with the original SQL/relational implementation, System/R ... which evolves into SQL/DS and eventually also DB2. Then in the late 80s, was doing HA/6000 ... which I rename to HA/CMP (High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing) when started doing technical/scientific cluster scale-up with national labs and commercial cluster scale-up with RDBMS vendors (Oracle, Sybase, Informix, Ingres ... they have both VAX/cluster and open system support in the same source base, I do HA/CMP cluster API that emulates VAX/cluster's API, simplifying the transition) ... until cluster scale-up is transferred, announced as IBM supercomputer for technical/scientific *ONLY* and we are told we can't work on anything with more than four processors, we leave IBM a few months later. At the time, IBM had started development on C-language, portable RDBMS implementation for OS/2 ... but it would be years/decades before it would have cluster support.

System/R posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

other trivia: After Jim Gray leaves IBM SJR (and System/R) for Tandem, he does a lot of work for DBMS ACID properties and DBMS benchmarking.
http://www.tpc.org/information/who/gray5.asp

posts mentioning specifying business rules that translate into fine-grain SQL statements efficiently parallelized
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#10 A brief overview of IBM's new 7 nm Telum mainframe CPU
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#18 IBM email migration disaster
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#80 IBM: Buying While Apathetaic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#11 mainframe hacking "success stories"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#33 The Pentagon still uses computer software from 1958 to manage its contracts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#32 OFF TOPIC: University of California, Irvine, revokes 500 admissions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#39 The Pentagon still uses computer software from 1958 to manage its contracts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#63 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#82 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#23 How to Fix IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#84 The mainframe is dead. Long live the mainframe!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#48 Windows 10 forceful update?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#78 Over in the Mainframe Experts Network LinkedIn group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#69 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#90 Why do bank IT systems keep failing ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#3 We need to talk about TED
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#80 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#35 Why is the mainframe so expensive?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#31 X86 server
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#0 Burroughs B5000, B5500, B6500 videos
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#49 US payments system failing to meet the needs of the digital economy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#8 Why are organizations sticking with mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#1 Itanium at ISSCC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#19 At least two decades back, some gurus predicted that mainframes would disappear in future and it still has not happened
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#19 zLinux OR Linux on zEnterprise Blade Extension???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#47 COBOL - no longer being taught - is a problem
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009q.html#68 Now is time for banks to replace core system according to Accenture

other posts mentioning straight-through processing and/or overnight batch window
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#58 Card Associations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#30 VM370, 3081, and AT&T Long Lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#87 UPS & PDUs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#61 MAINFRAME (4341) History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#4 Killer Micros
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#155 Book on monopoly (IBM)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#62 Cobol
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#85 Douglas Engelbart, the forgotten hero of modern computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#30 Bottlenecks and Capacity planning
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#57 When did the home computer die?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#37 Tech: we didn't mean for it to turn out like this
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#3 Somewhat Interesting Mainframe Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#11 The Mainframe vs. the Server Farm: A Comparison
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#72 Why Can't You Buy z Mainframe Services from Amazon Cloud Services?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#25 1976 vs. 2016?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#112 Is there a source for detailed, instruction-level performance info?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#2 More "ageing mainframe" (bad) press
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#65 A New Performance Model ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#78 Is there an Inventory of the Inalled Mainframe Systems Worldwide
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#170 IBM Continues To Crumble
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#119 Holy Grail for parallel programming language
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#71 Decimation of the valuation of IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#14 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#74 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#10 Can the mainframe remain relevant in the cloud and mobile era?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#22 US Federal Reserve pushes ahead with Faster Payments planning
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#83 CPU time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#81 CPU time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#49 Internet Mainframe Forums Considered Harmful
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#42 The Mainframe is "Alive and Kicking"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#50 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#57 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#84 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#42 COBOL will outlive us all
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#56 Under what circumstances would it be a mistake to migrate applications/workload off the mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#24 System/360--50 years--the future?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#18 System/360--50 years--the future?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#47 I.B.M. Mainframe Evolves to Serve the Digital World
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#77 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#69 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#24 Time to competency for new software language?

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Clone Controllers

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Clone Controllers
Date: 25 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
Within a year of taking 2hr intro to fortran/computers, the univ. hires me fulltime to support IBM mainframe systems. They had been sold a 360/67 to replace 709/1401 to run TSS/360 ... but TSS/360 never came to production fruition ... so ran as 360/65 with OS/360. The univ. shutdown the datacenter from sat8am to mon8am ... and I had the place all to myself ... although 48hrs w/o sleep could make Monday morning classes a little hard. I got to redo a lot of OS/360 during this period.

Last week of Jan1968, three people from IBM CSC came out and installed CP67 (3rd installation after CSC and MIT Lincoln Labs) ... and it was mostly limited to my playing with it on weekends (I got to rewrite a whole lot of code).

CSC posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
dynamic resource management, dispatching and scheduling posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare
replacement strategy/algorithm posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#wsclock

CP67 came with 2741 & 1052 support and did automagic terminal type setting the correct line scanner for a port with the controller SAD command. The univ had some number of ASCII/TTY33, so I added ascii terminal support to CP67 and then wanted a single dialup number ... hunt group
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_hunting

for all terminals. Didn't quite work since I could switch line scanner for each port (on IBM telecommunication controller), IBM had took short cut and hard wired line speed for each port (TTY was different line speed from 2741&1052). Thus was born univ. project to do a clone controller, built a mainframe channel interface board for Interdata/3 programmed to emulate mainframe telecommunication controller with the addition it could also do dynamic line speed determination. Later it was enhanced with Interdata/4 for the channel interface and cluster of Interdata/3s for the port interfaces. Interdata (and later Perkin/Elmer) sell it commercially as IBM clone controller. Four of us at the univ. get written up responsible for (some part of the) clone controller business.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interdata
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkin-Elmer

Around turn of the century visiting large mainframe financial transaction datacenter ... had descendant of our Interdata box ... that handled most of the dial-up point-of-sale credit card terminals east of the mississippi.

plug compatable (clone) maker (PCM) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm

The clone controller business is claimed to be the major motivation for the IBM Future System effort in the 70s (make the interface so complex that clone makers couldn't keep up). From the law of unintended consequences: FS was completely different from 370 and was going to completely replace it and internal politics was shutting down the 370 projects ... the lack of new IBM 370 offerings is claimed to give the clone 370 processor makers their market foothold (FS as countermeasure to clone controllers becomes responsible for rise of clone processors).

... after joining IBM, I continued to work on 360/370 stuff and would periodically ridicule FS ... which wasn't particularly career enhancing ... one of hobbies was enhanced production operating systems for internal datacenters

Future System posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Clone Controllers

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Clone Controllers
Date: 26 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#124 IBM Clone Controllers

I spent most of my time at IBM being told I didn't have a career, promotions, and/or raises (apparently for periodically offending IBM executives) ... so when I was asked to interview for assistant to president of one of the 370 clone vendors (front for clone maker on the other side of pacific), I said "why not". During the interview they make a vieled reference to 811 documents (registered ibm confidential 370/xa documents, named for their Nov1978 publication date, I did have a whole drawer full ... double locks, surprise audits, etc) ... so I make a reference to recently submitting an update for the IBM Business Conduct Guidelines (required reading every year by employees), because I didn't think the ethical standards were strong enough. However, that wasn't the end of it. A couple years later, the federal gov. is suing the (parent) company for industrial espionage. Because I was on the visitor list, I get a 3hr interview with an FBI agent. I tell him my story and suggest somebody in plant site security may have been feeding names to the recruiter (since plant security has list of everybody that has registered confidential documents ... for the surprise audits).

Not long later, I submit a IBM "Speak UP" that I was underpaid with lots of supporting information. I get back written reply from head of HR that after detailed review of my whole career, I was being paid exactly what I was suppose to. I then create copy of everything with a written cover letter to send back ... pointing out that I was being asked to interview people that were about to graduate for a new group that would be operating under my technical direction ... and they were being offerred starting salary 30% more than I was currently making. I never get a reply, but within a few weeks, I get a 30% raise (putting me on level playing field with new graduates). Not the first time, co-workers had to remind me in IBM, Business Ethics is an oxymoron.

plug compatable (clone) maker (PCM) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm

posts mentioning 30% raise
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#39 IBM Registered Confidential
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#12 Home Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#82 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#61 IBM Starting Salary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#15 IBM Internal Network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#86 Bizarre Career Events
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#40 Teaching IBM class
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#12 IBM "811", 370/xa architecture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#47 IBM Programmer Aptitude Test
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#65 IBM layoffs strike first in India; workers describe cuts as 'slaughter' and 'massive'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#28 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#74 My Vintage Dream PC

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The Network Nation

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: The Network Nation
Date: 26 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
I was blamed for online computer conferencing in the late 70s and early 80s on the internal network (larger than arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until sometime mid/late 80s). Folklore is when the corporate executive committee was told about it, 5of6 wanted to fire me. One of the results is task force to investigate the phenonoma ... and Hiltz & Turoff were brought in as consultants
https://openlibrary.org/books/OL4724737M/The_network_nation
https://www.amazon.com/Network-Nation-Revised-Communication-Computer/dp/0262581205

Network society
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_society
In 1978, Roxanne Hiltz and Murray Turoff's The Network Nation explicitly built on Wellman's community analysis, taking the book's title from Craven and Wellman's "The Network City". The book argued that computer supported communication could transform society. It was remarkably prescient, as it was written well before the advent of the Internet. Turoff and Hiltz were the progenitors of an early computer supported communication system, called EIES.[7]
... snip ...

There was also a researcher paid to sit in the back of my office for nine months to study how I communicated ... taking notes on face-to-face, telephone, got copies of incoming/outgoing email and logs of all instant messages ... used for papers, conferences, books and a Stanford Phd (joint language and computer AI).

It really took off spring of 1981 when I distributed trip report of visit to Jim Gray at Tandem ... although only about 300 directly participated, claims that 25,000 were reading. Printed six copies of about 300 pages, along with executive summary and summary of the summary packaged in Tandem 3-ring binders and set to the executive committee ... from summary of the summary:
• The perception of many technical people in IBM is that the company is rapidly heading for disaster. Furthermore, people fear that this movement will not be appreciated until it begins more directly to affect revenue, at which point recovery may be impossible

• Many technical people are extremely frustrated with their management and with the way things are going in IBM. To an increasing extent, people are reacting to this by leaving IBM Most of the contributors to the present discussion would prefer to stay with IBM and see the problems rectified. However, there is increasing skepticism that correction is possible or likely, given the apparent lack of commitment by management to take action

• There is a widespread perception that IBM management has failed to understand how to manage technical people and high-technology development in an extremely competitive environment.

...

aka, which comes to pass a decade later (1981-1992) ... reorging into "13 baby blues" in preparation for breaking up the company (gone behind paywall, mostly free at wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html

internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
computer communication posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

SSA

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: SSA
Date: 26 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
SSA (not RAMAC), for our HA/CMP product, we were early supporters and users of 9333 ... started 80mbit serial copper, full-duplex, packetized SCSI commands. We were also doing fiber channel standard (in 1988, I had been asked to help LLNL standardize some serial stuff they were playing with which quickly becomes FCS) and wanted 9333 to evolve into interoperable FCS at 1/8th &/or 1/4th speed. Old post mentioning commercial cluster scale-up meeting Jan1992 in Ellison's (Oracle CEO) conference room (16 processor mid-1992, 128 processor ye1992) ... however, within a few weeks of the Ellison meeting, cluster scale-up is transferred, announced as IBM supercomputer (for technical/scientific *ONLY*) and we are told we can't work on anything with more than four processors (weleave IBM a few months later). Also mentions the 9333 evolves into SSA instead.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13 SSA

SSA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_Storage_Architecture
SSA was deployed in server RAID environments, where it was capable of providing for up to 80 Mbyte/s of data throughput, with sustained data rates as high as 60 Mbytes/s in non-RAID mode and 35 Mbytes/s in RAID mode.
... snip ...

Later some POK engineers become evolved in FCS and define a heavy-weight protocol that drastically reduces the native throughput ... which eventually ships as FICON.

HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
FICON posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The Network Nation

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: The Network Nation
Date: 27 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#126 The Network Nation

telcos in chicken & egg situation ... technology was providing hundreds of times the bandwidth previously being used ... and they didn't know what to do. Their revenue came from bandwidth charges ... and they had a very large run rate that needed be covered. They needed new generation of applications to use the bandwidth explosion, but to promote that they would have to radically lower their bandwidth charges ... which would place them in the red for a period ... until there was the new generation of applications and their uptake.

In the early 80s, I had HSDT project for T1 and faster computer links and was working with the director of NSF, was suppose to get $20M to interconnect the NSF supercomputer centers, then congress cuts the budget, some other things happen, and finally an RFP is released (in part based on what we already had running). Old post with preliminary announcement (28Mar1986)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#12
The OASC has initiated three programs: The Supercomputer Centers Program to provide Supercomputer cycles; the New Technologies Program to foster new supercomputer software and hardware developments; and the Networking Program to build a National Supercomputer Access Network - NSFnet.
... snip ...

Internal IBM politics prevent us from bidding, the NSF director tries to help by writing the company a letter 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO) with support from other gov. agencies, but that just makes the internal politics worse. The winning bid doesn't even install T1 links called for ... they are 440kbit/sec links ... but apparently to make it look like its meeting the requirements, they install telco multiplexors with T1 trunks (running multiple links/trunk). We periodically ridicule them that why don't they call it a T5 network (because some of those T1 trunks would in turn be multiplexed over T3 or even T5 trunks). Also the telco resources contributed were over four times the bid ... was to help promote the evolution of new bandwidth hungry application w/o impacting their existing revenue streams.

as regional networks connect in, it becomes the NSFNET backbone, precursor to modern internet
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/401444/grid-computing/

HSDT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
NSFNET posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet

Other early internet trivia: Last product we did at IBM was HA/CMP. It started out as HA/6000 for the NYTimes to move their newspaper system (ATEX) off DEC Vaxcluster to IBM. I rename it HA/CMP (High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing) after start doing technical/scientific cluster scale-up with national labs and commercial cluster scale-up with RDBMS vendors (Oracle, Informix, Ingres, Sybase). Old archived post about Jan1992 meeting in Ellison's (oracle CEO) conference room (16 processor configurations by mid-1992, 128 processor configurations by ye-1992).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13

Within a few weeks of that meeting, cluster scale-up is transferred, announced as IBM supercomputer (for technical/scientific *ONLY*) and we are told we can't work on anything with more than four processors. We leave IBM a few months later.

HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

Later we are brought into a small client/server startup as consultants, two former Oracle people (that were in the Ellison meeting) are there, responsible for something called "commerce server" and they want to do payment transactions on their server, the startup had also invented this technology called "SSL" they wanted to use, it is now frequently called "electronic commerce". I was responsible for the gateways into the financial payment networks and the protocol between webservers and the gateways. Payment network have service level requirements and trouble desk processes that include being able to do 1st level problem determination (on dialup and leased lines). I have to do a whole lot of compensating procedures, software, and documentation to bring internet&gateway up to that level.

payment gateway posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#gateway

Postel is letting me help him with the periodically rereleased STD1 ... and then he also sponsors my talk on "Why Internet Isn't Business Critical Dataprocessing" based on what I had to do for the payment networks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon_Postel

In the late 90s, we are doing some stuff with a very large web hosting operation. They mention:
1) there is a web service that publishes ranking of monthly webserver hits ... the hosting operation has a dozen porn websites that all have higher monthly hits than the #1 ranked webservers.

2) they have a large number of software&gaming webservers that have around 50% credit card fraud (compared to almost zero credit card fraud for the porn sites) ... the companies don't report it as fraud because the credit card companies would revoke their authority to take credit card transactions.

3) some comments about ethics of software and gaming people versus porn people

... snip ...

Internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet

some specific recent posts mentioning Postel &/or Internet not business critical dataprocessing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#87 IBM and Internet Old Farts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#57 System Availability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#55 ESnet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#42 IBM Business School Cases
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#10 System Availability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#83 IBM Internal network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#72 IBM Research, Adtech, Science Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#24 NOW the web is 30 years old: When Tim Berners-Lee switched on the first World Wide Web server
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#66 The Case Against SQL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#74 WEB Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#56 Hacking, Exploits and Vulnerabilities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#7 IBM100 - Rise of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#16 The Rise of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#68 Online History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#87 5 milestones that created the internet, 50 years after the first network message
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#86 5 milestones that created the internet, 50 years after the first network message
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#113 Internet and Business Critical Dataprocessing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#100 mainframe hacking "success stories"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#25 Are we all now dinosaurs, out of place and out of time?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#60 1970s school compsci curriculum--what would you do?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#31 Tech: we didn't mean for it to turn out like this
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#81 Running unsupported is dangerous was Re: AW: Re: LE strikes again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#14 Mainframe Networking problems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#100 Jean Sammet, Co-Designer of a Pioneering Computer Language, Dies at 89
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#90 Ransomware on Mainframe application ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#47 A flaw in the design; The Internet's founders saw its promise but didn't foresee users attacking one another
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#14 The Geniuses that Anticipated the Idea of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#11 The Geniuses that Anticipated the Idea of the Internet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Computer Performance

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Computer Performance
Date: 28 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#120 Computer Performance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#121 Computer Performance

I worked with Jim Gray at SJR (original sql/relational, System/R ... other stuff). Fall of 1980, he departs for Tandem and pawns off some stuff on me ... wants me to handle BoA, ordering 60 vm/4341 for early System/R installation, consulting with the IMS DBMS group in STL, etc. At Tandem he does some studies of how things fail (that help with the last product, HA/CMP, we were doing at IBM).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/grayft84.pdf
also, ref gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine.
https://web.archive.org/web/20080724051051/http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~yelick/294-f00/papers/Gray85.txt

He then pioneers DBMS TPC benchmarks
http://www.tpc.org/information/who/gray5.asp

I find it very hard to find IBM mainframe TPC numbers
http://tpc.org/information/benchmarks5.asp

... like I mentioned ... I was able to find z196 "peak I/O" benchmark ... but other than that, it is mostly MIPS&BIPS (based on industry standard benchmarks that count number of program iterations compared to 370/158 ... assumed to be 1MIP processor).

Does anybody have pointers to IBM mainframe TPC numbers?

trivia: IBM marketing would generate lots of FUD about MIPS number comparisons claiming the machine architectures were so different that count of instructions were meaningless ... even tho industry standard MIPS/BIPS benchmark wasn't actual number of instructions, but count of program iterations compared to 370/158 assumed to be one MIPS processor.

System/R posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

NSFNET

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: NSFNET
Date: 28 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
Telcos in chicken & egg situation ... technology was providing hundreds of times the bandwidth previously being used ... and they didn't know what to do. Their revenue came from bandwidth charges ... and they had a very large run rate that needed to be covered. They needed new generation of applications to use the bandwidth explosion, but to promote that they would have to radically lower their bandwidth charges ... which would place them in the red for a period ... until there was the new generation of applications and their uptake.

In the early 80s, I had HSDT project for T1 and faster computer links and was working with the director of NSF, & we were suppose to get $20M to interconnect the NSF supercomputer centers, then congress cuts the budget, some other things happen, and finally an RFP is released (in part based on what we already had running). Old post with Preliminary Announcement (28Mar1986)

https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#12
The OASC has initiated three programs: The Supercomputer Centers Program to provide Supercomputer cycles; the New Technologies Program to foster new supercomputer software and hardware developments; and the Networking Program to build a National Supercomputer Access Network - NSFnet.
... snip ...

Internal IBM politics prevent us from bidding, the NSF director tries to help by writing the company a letter 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO) with support from other gov. agencies, but that just makes the internal politics worse. The winning bid doesn't even install T1 links called for ... they are 440kbit/sec links ... but apparently to make it look like its meeting the requirements, they install telco multiplexors with T1 trunks (running multiple links/trunk). We periodically ridicule them that why don't they call it a T5 network (because some of those T1 trunks would in turn be multiplexed over T3 or even T5 trunks). Also the telco resources contributed were over four times the bid ... was to help promote the evolution of new bandwidth hungry applications w/o impacting their existing revenue streams.

as regional networks connect in, it becomes the NSFNET backbone, precursor to modern internet
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/401444/grid-computing/

example AUP from the archives (NSFNET evolving from NSF supercomputer access network):

<NIS.NSF.NET> [NSFNET] NETUSE.TXT
Interim 3 July 1990
NSFNET

Acceptable Use Policy

The purpose of NSFNET is to support research and education in and among academic institutions in the U.S. by providing access to unique resources and the opportunity for collaborative work.

This statement represents a guide to the acceptable use of the NSFNET backbone. It is only intended to address the issue of use of the backbone. It is expected that the various middle level networks will formulate their own use policies for traffic that will not traverse the backbone.

(1) All use must be consistent with the purposes of NSFNET.

(2) The intent of the use policy is to make clear certain cases which are consistent with the purposes of NSFNET, not to exhaustively enumerate all such possible uses.

(3) The NSF NSFNET Project Office may at any time make determinations that particular uses are or are not consistent with the purposes of NSFNET. Such determinations will be reported to the NSFNET Policy Advisory Committee and to the user community.

(4) If a use is consistent with the purposes of NSFNET, then activities in direct support of that use will be considered consistent with the purposes of NSFNET. For example, administrative communications for the support infrastructure needed for research and instruction are acceptable.

(5) Use in support of research or instruction at not-for-profit institutions of research or instruction in the United States is acceptable.

(6) Use for a project which is part of or supports a research or instruction activity for a not-for-profit institution of research or instruction in the United States is acceptable, even if any or all parties to the use are located or employed elsewhere. For example, communications directly between industrial affiliates engaged in support of a project for such an institution is acceptable.

(7) Use for commercial activities by for-profit institutions is generally not acceptable unless it can be justified under (4) above. These should be reviewed on a case-by-case basis by the NSF Project Office.

(8 Use for research or instruction at for-profit institutions may or may not be consistent with the purposes of NSFNET, and will be reviewed by the NSF Project Office on a case-by-case basis.

... snip ...

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Multitrack Search Performance

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From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Multitrack Search Performance
Date: 30 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
IBM SJR replaced 370/195 with 370/168 for MVS and 370/158 for VM/370 ... multiple strings of 3330 all twin-tailed to both 168&158 ... but strict orders that specific strings were dedicated to MVS and others to VM/370 ... and 3330 DASD for specific systems can't be intermixed. One morning a pack for MVS was mounted on VM370 string and within 5mins the datacenter was receiving irate calls from CMS users that response had gone <somewhere>. Turns out that traditional MVS DASD multi-track searches (originating from earliest OS/360 days) was locking up 158 controller, blocking 158 access to CMS data (TSO response was always so bad, that TSO users never realised how badly it affects interactive computing). MVS operators were asked to immediately move the offending pack to an MVS "string". Their response was that they would wait to offshift. The VM370 people then mount a VS1 (highly optimized for running under VM370) pack on a MVS "string" and IPL it and start some applications. It turns out that running (this highly optimized) VS1 with multiple applications (running under VM370 on 158 heavily loaded with CMS users) was able to bring MVS (running directly on 168) to its knees ... restoring CMS response. At that point, the MVS operators said that they would immediately move the offending MVS pack ... if VM370 would move the offending VS1 pack.

related recent post about MVS & multi-track search affecting performance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#108 IBM Disks

posts mentioning CKD DASD, multitrack search, FBA, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#dasd

Note San Jose Research also had a VM370 370/145 that had been used for development of System/R (original SQL/Relational implementation). It was possible to do System/R tech transfer to Endicott (under the "radar" because the corporation was preoccupied with the development of "EAGLE", follow-on on to IMS) for SQL/DS. Later when "EAGLE" implodes, there was request for how fast could System/R be ported to MVS ... which is eventually released as DB2, originally for decision/support *ONLY*.

posts mentioning System/R
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr

As undergraduate in 60s, I did dynamic adaptive resource management & scheduling for CP67 (precursor to VM370) ... including stuff for dynamically identifying "bottlenecks".

resource management and scheduling posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare

In the mid-70s, I started pontificating that bottlenecks were inverting ... that mid-60s CKD DASD I/O (aka search & multi-track search) was used as tradeoff for limited real storage. In the early 80s, I wrote up how DASD relative system throughput had declined by an order of magnitude (since 360s were introduced), aka DASD got 3-5 times faster, systems (cpu/memory) got 40-50 times faster. GPD disk division executives took offense and assigned the division performance group to refute my claims. After a few weeks, they came back and said I had slightly understated the issue. They then respun the analysis into SHARE presentation 16Aug1984, SHARE 63, B874, about how to configure disks& files for improved system throughput.

Part of the comparison was 360/67 CP67/CMS system & 80 users with 3081K ... 40-50 times the processor power, typically supporting 300-400 VM370/CMS doing similar type of work (i.e. increase in users was more proportional to disk speed change ... although there was some amount of VM370/CMS bloat contributing) as opposed to 3000-4000 users.

other recent posts mentioning SHARE session B874
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#105 IBM CKD DASD and multi-track search
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#78 IBM 370 and Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#23 fast sort/merge, OoO S/360 descendants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#44 iBM System/3 FORTRAN for engineering/science work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#53 3380 disk capacity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#33 Univac 90/30 DIAG instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#79 IBM Disk Division
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#59 San Jose bldg 50 and 3380 manufacturing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#17 Performance History, 5-10Oct1986, SEAS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#63 IBM 3330 & 3380
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#94 MVS Boney Fingers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#78 370 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#93 It's 1983: What computer would you buy?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#30 Bottlenecks and Capacity planning
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#96 thrashing, was Re: A Computer That Never Was: the IBM 7095
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#46 Temporary Data Sets
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#28 MVS vs HASP vs JES (was 2821)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#5 TSS/8, was A Whirlwind History of the Computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#61 Paging subsystems in the era of bigass memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#70 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#32 Virtualization's Past Helps Explain Its Current Importance

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Clone Controllers

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Clone Controllers
Date: 30 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#124 IBM Clone Controllers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#125 IBM Clone Controllers

lots of FS didn't know how to implement for performance. One of the last nails in FS coffin was IBM Houston Science Center study that if 370/195 applications moved to FS machine made from fastest available technology, they would have throughput of 370/145 (approx. 30 times slow down). Move to S/38 for low-end market ... there was lots of hardware technology performance headroom (to handle 30 times slowdown).

FS also did a single-level-store virtual memory file system like TSS/360. As undergraduate, did fortran edit, compile & execute benchmarks on CP67/CMS with 35 users compared to same benchmark on TSS/360 with 4 users on same 360/67 machine ... CP67/CMS w/35users had better response and throughput than TSS/360 w/4users. Later (during FS), I did a page-mapped filesystem for CMS ... and claimed I learned what not to do by seeing TSS/360.

S/38 did a simplified version of FS single-level-store ... including treating all disks as single filesystem with scatter allocation (pieces of same file could be scattered across all disks). As a result, system had to be shutdown and all disks backed up as single filesystem ... not to bad with one of a few disks ... but mainframe with 100 disks ... would never be operational ... spending all its time doing backups. Then any single disk failure ... the bad disk replace, and shutdown for a full restore of the filesystem across all disks. Claims were such a restore was 24hrs for s/38 ... for a large mainframe ... it might be a week for a restore.

Future System posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
CMS paged mapped filesystem
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#mmap

some recent posts mentioning AS/400
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#114 Peer-Coupled Shared Data Architecture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#54 System Availability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#43 Transaction Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#15 Disk Failures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#109 168 Loosely-Coupled Configuration
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#49 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#102 IBM Lost Opportunities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#83 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#19 A brief overview of IBM's new 7 nm Telum mainframe CPU
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#99 Why the IBM PC Used an Intel 8088
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#75 WEB Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#83 IBM AIX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#53 IMS Stories
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#47 Cloud Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#83 IBM SNA/VTAM (& HSDT)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#90 IBM Innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#68 IBM S/38
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#49 Holy wars of the past - how did they turn out?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#48 Holy wars of the past - how did they turn out?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#38 HA/CMP Marketing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#1 Will The Cloud Take Down The Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#57 ES/9000 as POK was being scaled way back
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#50 does anyone recall any details about MVS/XA?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#3 How an obscure British PC maker invented ARM and changed the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#0 IBM "Wild Ducks"

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Clone Controllers

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Clone Controllers
Date: 31 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#124 IBM Clone Controllers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#125 IBM Clone Controllers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#132 IBM Clone Controllers

circa 1980, IBM had a effort to move all the different internal microprocessors to 801/risc ... low&mid-range 370s, controllers, low-end non-370s, new as/400, etc. For various reasons all the efforts failed and IBM continued with wide variety of different custom CISC microprocessors ... including initial as/400 which had crash program to do custom CISC microprocessor. Trivia: I contributed to white paper for 4361/4381 ... that VSLI technology had advanced to the point where most of 370 could be implemented directly in circuits (rather than microprocessor simulation ... that tended to avg. ten native instructions to simulate each 370 instruction). The 801/RISC ROMP chip was originally intended for displaywriter follow-on ... but when that got canceled, they decided to use it to target the unix workstation market ... and got the company that had done the AT&T unix port to IBM/PC for PC/IX ... to do one for the PC/RT as "AIX". Later IBM was doing the 801/RISC RIOS (six) chip set for RS/6000. In the 90s, there was joint AIM (apple, ibm, motorola) SOMERSET project doing single chip 801/RISC for POWER/PC ... also used by Rochester for AS/400. The executive we were reporting to doing HA/CMP ... had originally came from motorola and went over to head up SOMERSET (later become MIPS president after SGI bought MIPS).

801/rics, iliad, romp, rios, power, power/pc, etc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801

We had started working on HA/CMP cluster scale-up (technical/scientific w/national labs, commercial with RDBMS vendors) ... planning on having 16-system by mid-1992 and 128-system by ye-192 ... when cluster scale-up was transferred, announced as IBM supercomputer (for technical/scientific *ONLY*) and we were told we couldn't work on anything more than four processors (a few months later we leave IBM).

HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

trivia: I had worked with national labs on&off back to Jan1979 when I was asked to do 4341 benchmarks for national lab looking at getting 70 for a compute farm ... sort of the leading edge of the coming cluster supercomputer tsunami ... now they have supercomputers with tens of thousand to tens of million processors. trivia: There is a big technology overlap with the major cloud megadatacenters and cluster-scale up supercomputers.
https://sciencenode.org/feature/the-5-fastest-supercomputers-in-the-world.php
https://www.top500.org/news/still-waiting-exascale-japans-fugaku-outperforms-all-competition-once-again/

cloud megadatacenter posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#megadatacenter

late 90s, had left IBM and doing lots of stuff in financial industry ... including X9 standards body and also doing high security chip. SLAC has me in to give a talk on the chip ... also walk through the old "mainframe" datacenter ... from the days when SLAC would sponsor the monthly mainframe user group ... but now cluster supercomputer ... filled with rows of racks crammed full of blade servers ... at the time, not sure could tell the difference with the emerging cloud megadatacenters.

trivia: later TD to the DDI for Information Assurance Directorate was doing panel session in the trusted computer track at Intel Developers Forum and asked me to do talk on the security chip ... reference goine 404, but lives on at the wayback machine:
https://web.archive.org/web/20011109072807/http://www.intel94.com/idf/spr2001/sessiondescription.asp?id=stp%2bs13

assurance posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#assurance

Some "AADS" security chip refs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Clone Controllers

From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: IBM Clone Controllers
Date: 31 Dec 2021
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#124 IBM Clone Controllers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#125 IBM Clone Controllers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#132 IBM Clone Controllers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#133 IBM Clone Controllers

... disk technology was fairly quickly moving away from CKD to FBA ... IBM did 3310 & 3370 FBAs ... and even CKD 3380 were physically FBA underneath the covers ... can see it in the 3380 records/track calculations where record length is rounded up to multiple of fixed cell size ... even that relatively quickly disappeared and there haven't been real CKD DASD made for decades, all simulated on industry standard FBA devices.

OS/360 (and descendants) CKD disks had notorious failure mode that continued through their lifetime ... if there was power failure in the middle of write operation, there would be enough power for the disk drive to complete the write (with valid error correcting codes), but not enough power to keep processor memory on ... so zeros got written to complete the write (leaving no indication that write was in error). This was especially disastrous for VTOC writes (restart could result in all sorts of filesystem corruption trying to use the "zero" data). In the 70s, non-OS360 derived filesystems had CKD countermeasure where they kept two copies of the VTOC equivalent information, restart would check both copies for zero corruption and use the most recent (non-zeros version) ... and updates went to alternative copies.

ibm fba & ckd dasd, multi-track search, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#dasd

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

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