List of Archived Posts

2014 Newsgroup Postings (01/01 - 01/18)

The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked a tech revolution
Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
We need to talk about TED
Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked a tech revoluti
We're About to Lose Net Neutrality -- And the Internet as We Know It
NSA seeks to build quantum computer that could crack most types of encryption
"Death of the mainframe"
NSA seeks to build quantum computer that could crack most types of encryption
5 Unnerving Documents Showing Ties Between Greenwald, Omidyar & Booz Allen Hamilton
Al-Qaeda-linked force captures Fallujah amid rise in violence in Iraq
Criminal Action Is Expected for JPMorgan in Madoff Case
Federal Judge Hammers Justice Department for Not Prosecuting Wall Street Executives
Command Culture
Literate JCL?
"Death of the mainframe"
the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
Scary Sysprogs and educating those 'kids'
Scary Sysprogs and educating those 'kids'
The History of the Grid: Comments invited
Warnings for the U.S. military about innovation and the information age: The Pentagon looks like a minicomputer firm
Hardware failures (was Re: Scary Sysprogs ...)
The History of the Grid
Hardware failures (was Re: Scary Sysprogs ...)
Criminal Action Is Expected for JPMorgan in Madoff Case
Hardware failures (was Re: Scary Sysprogs ...)
NSA Insiders Reveal What Went Wrong
Warnings for the U.S. military about innovation and the information age: The Pentagon looks like a minicomputer firm
The invincible JP Morgan
500 Years of History Shows that Mass Spying Is Always Aimed at Crushing Dissent
Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday
Subject Unicode
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
Elizabeth Warren Proposes New Bill to Expose Shady Back Room Settlements for Crooked Banks
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
What Gates Didn't Get Done
McCain: Send Petraeus back to Iraq
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
"Death of the mainframe"
The Hacker Who Cracked the Code in Iron Man and The Social Network
IBM Wild Ducks
Why the Target Breach Might Be Even Bigger: Big Data Means Big Breach
Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Washington Post on Target store data thefts
Washington Post on Target store data thefts
Royal Pardon For Turing
Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
Imprecise Interrupts and the 360/195
Imprecise Interrupts and the 360/195
Royal Pardon For Turing
Washington Post on Target store data thefts
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
Imprecise Interrupts and the 360/195
Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
Royal Pardon For Turing
the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
In a Cyber Breach, Who Pays, Banks or Retailers?
Fed may restrict bank ownership of commodities
Army Modernization Is Melting Down
Washington Post on Target store data thefts
Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
The Search for the Lost Cray Supercomputer OS
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
Washington Post on Target store data thefts
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
Royal Pardon For Turing
Santa has a Mainframe!
Royal Pardon For Turing
Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Santa has a Mainframe!
Royal Pardon For Turing
the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked a tech revolution

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked a tech revolution
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 01 Jan 2014 13:21:31 -0500
"John Scott" <John_Scott@nospam.com> writes:
In fact a lot more minis were sold than mainframes essentially because plenty of mainframes had multiple minis used as remote concentrators and nodes etc.

With the DEC 11/10AD that was used with the series of CDC 3600, 7600 mainframes, there were hundreds of those nodes used with the one mainframe and then later with the 7600 when it was added.


not exactly directly minis ... but ... from this old post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#69 a.f.c history checkup... (was What specifications will the standard year 2001 PC have?)

but in theory ... there would have been many more minis than superminis ... or at least until large PCs & workstations started to take over that market segment. now almost all the categories are made up of various combinations of PC components.


High-Performance Computer Systems

Estimated 1988-1992 WW Installed Base

Category                1988          1992        CGR

Supercomputers          350           1000        22%
Mainframes              6000          12000       6%
minisupers              2200          11000       41%
superminis              300,000       900,000     20%
workstations            370,000     2,750,000     52%

... snip ...

I've mentioned before that low-end & mid-range mainframe 4300s saw big explosion in sales ... both for small operation but huge numbers for large corporations ordering hundreds at a time and putting them out into departmental areas ... then that market imploded with the rise of large PCs & workstations taking over the market.

for some topic drift ... GPUs, in large part evolved for PC gaming.

Fast Database Emerges from MIT Class, GPUs and Student's Invention
http://data-informed.com/fast-database-emerges-from-mit-class-gpus-and-students-invention/

Red Fox: An Execution Environment for Relational Query Processing on GPUs
http://gpuocelot.gatech.edu/publications/redfox/

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: Wed, 01 Jan 2014 17:44:38 -0500
Peter.Farley@BROADRIDGE.COM (Farley, Peter x23353) writes:
PMFJI here, but IMHO the pipeline paradigm, though obviously powerful and useful, is not the major advantage of VM and CMS over z/OS and TSO for developers, Rexx or otherwise.

Rather, I would argue that it is the even more the powerful concept of DVM's, Disconnected Virtual Machines, and the resulting ability for even ordinary application developers, not just sysprogs, to very simply arrange to pass data between them via VMCF and/or IUCV. Then add the power of VM Rexx and pipeline support and XEDIT and the other CMS tools as the only code needed to actually run in and interact with those DVM's and many extremely useful and powerful applications can be coded with nary a compiler or assembler in sight, never mind in use. No authorized coding or cross-memory complexity required. Add DB2 and networking support for Rexx and many full-function business applications are added to the possibilities.

I bemoan the failure decades ago of the CMS on MVS project. That would, indeed, have changed the history and practice of our computing lives.


I recently mentioned pipelines and doing internal adtech conference in spring 1982.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#91 Learning Rexx

there was also a presentation on CMS running on MVS.

A couple yrs earlier, Endicott had gotten the corporation to announce that vm370/cms was the strategic online, interactive solution. The TSO product administrator had contacted me if I would redo the dispatcher/scheduler for MVS ... attempting to make MVS much more interactive friendly. I declined since the MVS problems with good interactive human factors went way beyond its dispatching&scheduling. old email ref.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006b.html#email800310

This then further came out in the CMS under MVS work ... they could get it to run functionally ... but because of all the other problems, the question then was "why"

this talks about the internal SPM ... which was superset of VMCF, IUCV SMSG combined ... originally done at Pisa Science Center for cp67 but then moved to vm370.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#email851017
in this post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#51 other cp/cms history
also
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#16 intersection between autolog command and cmsback (more history)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007.html#11 vm/sp1

I included it in my internal "csc/vm" system distribution (for internal datacenters).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430

Original service virtual machine was RSCS ... and as referenced, the later RSCS that eventually shipped to customers ... included SPM support (even if SPM didn't ship to customers).

The author of REXX did a multi-user client/server spacewar game that used SMSG (users could be on the same machine with the server ... or because of the RSCS support ... could be anywhere on the internal network). The client had a 3270 GUI ... however the client/server protocol was very straight-forward and rather quickly several people did spacewar bots ... that started to trample all the human players (in part because they moved much faster). The spacewar server was eventually modified to increase the power use non-linearly as the interval between commands/moves dropped ... as a way of trying to provide a level playing field between humans and bots.

this is increasingly becoming common in the current virtual machine world ... it has morphed into virtual appliances ... highly customized operating system & applications running in service virtual machine ... very much like RSCS.

trivia ... some years ago, the author of RSCS was working for company doing some realtime stuff with a major industry realtime system. He eventually realized that the core part of the system appeared similar to parts of RSCS ... with major core RSCS 360 assmbler translated into C language ... but preserving all the same comments.

... and some psuedo device trivia

PROFS email (used extensively internal, among customers, and even involved in the white house iran contra affair) used a very early version of an internally developed email client called VMSG. When the VMSG author tried to offer them an updated version ... they tried to get him fired (because they had claimed credit for everything in PROFS). They whole thing quieted down when the VMSG author showed then every PROFS email in the world carried his initials in a non-displayed, control field. After than the VMSG author restricted source distribution to only two other people.

The VMSG author also did PARASITE/STORY ... CMS application and HLLAPI like language (in the 70s, predating IBM/PC) for automated scripts for simulating terminals on the same machine or other machines in the internal network (using psuedo device interface). Past post with PARASITE/STORY details:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#35
... includes a "story" for automatically logging into RETAIN and retrieving latest PUT bucket
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#36

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: Wed, 01 Jan 2014 18:21:38 -0500
PaulGBoulder@AIM.COM (Paul Gilmartin) writes:
Are you suggesting that I, as a Class G user, can build and deploy a DVM, no sysprog intervention?

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#1 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]

that is exactly how the rexx author started out with his multi-user client/server spacewar game.

however you typically had to talk to sysadmin if you wanted it automatically brought up at system started up ... rather than manually.

I had originally done the autolog command was part of automated benchmarking ... build new system, setup autolog script, reboot to the new kernel, autolog all simulated users, when done, again reboot the system run the next set of simulated user benchmark ... all automatically ... could get through several hundred if I had enough dedicated machine time. misc. past posts discussing automated benchmarking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#benchmark

cp67 had done automatic reboot as part expanded service into 7x24 ... and running dark room in the 60s. however, as service virtual machines proliferated ... a lot of services required somebody manually to bring up the increasing numbers of different service virtual machines.

my autolog function was quickly adapted to automatically bringing up all the service virtual machines at boot ... it was another thing that I included in my csc/vm system distribution for internal datacenters.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430

during the future system period ... lots of 370 stuff was being suspended and/or shutdown
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

during the FS period I continued to work on 360/370 ... even periodically critidizing the FS activity (which was exactly a career enhancing activity). When FS failed, there was mad rush to get stuff back into 370 product pipelines. That contributed to picking up some of the stuff I had been doing all along and shipping in standard product. The autolog command was one of the things picked up for VM370 release 3 shipping to customers, as part of helping manage service virtual machines.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

We need to talk about TED

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From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: We need to talk about TED
Date: 01 Jan 2014
Blog: Facebook
We need to talk about TED
http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/dec/30/we-need-to-talk-about-ted

from recent post in "death of mainframe" thread:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#80

... however, in the 90s, there was major effort by the remaining core of mainframe use ... the financial industry ... to move to large numbers of "killer micros". The issue was that online transactions had been added over the years ... but were really just queueing up transactions to be settled in the traditional batch system ... that ran overnight.

the problem was globalization was both increasing the amount of work to be done overnight as well as shortening the length of the overnight window. The rewrites were to move to straight through processing using large numbers of parallel processing. However, the parallelization libraries they were using introduced a factor of 100 times overhead (compared to the mainframe cobol batch) ... totally swamping the throughput increases anticipated with combination of straight through processing and large numbers of parallel processing.

They did toy demos and then failed to do the speeds&feeds numbers about scale-up ... and even with warnings about what was going to happen, several went to pilot deployments before the magnitude of the problem was realized/appreciated. There was significant backlash from the failed efforts regarding attempts to make further moves off the mainframe.

in the later part of the last decade we took some technology to financial industry standards groups ... that approached the parallelization and scale-up (for straight through processing) from a totally different direction. Rather than lots of ROI application code calling parallelization libraries ... this leveraged the significant work that had been done on parallizing by the major RDBMS. The implementation took high-level design specification and decomposed it into fine-grain SQL statements that could be efficiently parallelized. Initially the technology saw high acceptance ... but then hit a brick wall ... the comments that eventually came back was that there was still large number of executives that carried significant scars from the failures in the 90s ... and it would have to wait for a whole new generation before it could be tried again.

from discussion in "Blinded by Science" about spectre of loosing net neutrality ... long winded item
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#90

for the fun of it (gone 404 but lives on at wayback machine):
https://web.archive.org/web/20050418032606/http://www.be.daemonnews.org/199909/usenix-kirk.html

from above:
He said (paraphrased) that every DARPA meeting ended up the same, with the Military coming in and giving CSRG (at UCB, the group that worked on BSD) a stern warning that they were to work on the Operating System, and that BBN will work on the networking. Every time, Bob Fabry, then the adviser of CSRG, would "Yes: them to death" and they'd go off and just continue the way they were going. Much to the frustration of the DARPA advisery board.

... snip ...

lots of vendors picked up and used BSD TCP/IP stack from tahoe or reno 4.3 ... because it was freely available. This was back in the days when lots of implementations were proprietary.

note in the late 80s, FEDs mandated elimination of TCP/IP and internet and move to OSI (GOSIP) ... at '88 interop ... there were lots of OSI in various booths.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#interop88

However, one of the issues was that OSI was traditional telco copper wire paradigm ... predating internetworking. One of the reasons that the internal network was larger than the arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until sometime late '85 or early '86 ... is that the internal network effectively had form of gateway in every node
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet

... something that arpanet/internet didn't get until the great cut-over to internetworking on 1jan183.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet

I was involved in taking HSP (high-speed protocol) to x3s3.3 (ISO chartered US standards body for osi level 3/4 standardization) in the late 80s. At the time ISO had requirement that only protocols that conformed to the OSI model could be standardized. HSP was rejected because it violated OSI model:

1) supported internetworking protocol, non-existent layer between OSI 3 & 4 2) went directly from transport to LAN/MAC ... bypassing level 3/4 interface 3) it went directly to LAN/MAC ... doesn't exist in OSI, sits approx. in middle of layer 3

There was comparison of ISO & IETF (internet standards) ... IETF requires at least interoperapable implementations to progress in standards process; ISO doesn't even require a standard to be implementable.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#xtphsp

... tcp/ip was the technology basis for the modern internet, nsfnet backbone was the operational basis for the modern internet and CIX was the business basis for the modern internet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_Internet_eXchange

part of the spread of bsd tcp/ip protocol stack was it was part of the proprietary software versus open source software ... and the days of the UNIX wars
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_wars

... one of the reasons for director NSF reference to what we had was at least 5yrs ahead of all RFP responses was we had done rate-based pacing ... writeup I did for HSP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/xtprate.html

trivia ... part of the xtp/hsp work was for naval surface warfare ... for safenet2 ... infrastructure for radar, sensors, fire-control, etc

in any case, rate-based pacing is percolating into various ietf standard ... 30yrs later

... from "viewing where the internet goes" in "blinded by science"

operational precursor to modern internet:
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/401444/grid-computing/

we had been working with NSF and various players and were suppose to get $20M to tie together the NSF supercomputer centers ... then congress cut the funding and some other things happened ... eventually they released an RFP .... however internal politics prevented us from bidding ... director of NSF tried to help and wrote a letter to the company (copying the CEO) ... but that just made the internal politics worse (as did comment about what we already had running was at least 5yrs ahead of all RFP responses)

The initial NSFNET RFP called for T1 (1.5mbits/sec) links ... in part because we were running several on an internal backbone (and then as mentioned, internal politics prevented us bidding, even with the director of NSF trying help), the winning bid was $11.2M ... however they put in 440kbit/sec links (not the 1.5mbits/sec called for in the RFP) ... and then somewhat to meet the letter of the RFP, put in T1 trunks and used telco multiplexor to run multiple 440kbit/sec links on a trunk. I would make disparaging comments (including why didn't they called it a T5 network, since at some point some of the links might have been multiplexed over telco T5 trunk).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet

At the time, there was huge amount of unused "dark fiber" capacity. The telco problem was that they had significant run-rate which was covered by use charges ... and had major chicken&egg situation. They couldn't get major new bandwidth hungry applications w/o significantly lowering the use charges, however if they significantly lowered the use charges (to encouraging development of bandwidth hungry applications), it could be several years because the bandwidth use rose to a point where they could be profitable.

Lots of telcos "donated" additional bandwidth to the regional networks and NSFNET backbone ... claims were on the order of $40M ... with the AUPs restricting the networks to non-commercial purposes *ONLY* (basically a technology incubator for new generation of bandwidth hungry applications).

Along the way I was periodically criticizing the technology used in the NSFNET backbone (including not being true T1). When the NSFNET T3 upgrade RFP came out, I was asked to be the red team and a couple dozen people from half dozen labs around the world were the blue team (presumably they were going to trounce me to shutup my criticism). At the final review, I presented first ... and then the blue team presented. Five minutes into the blue team presentation, the executive running the review pounded on the table and said that he would lay down in front of a garbage trunk before he allowed any but the blue team proposal to go forward.

Then came the transition to commercial with CIX:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_Internet_eXchange

for the fun of it various old NSFNET related email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#nsfnet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]

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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 2 Jan 2014 06:59:55 -0800
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#1 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#2 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]

another thing in the wake of FS failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

and the mad rush to get stuff back into the 370 product pipelines (during FS, there were being terminated and/or suspended, which is also credited with giving the clone processor makers a market foothold) ... was the head of POK convinced corporate to kill vm370 product and shutdown the VM370 burlington mall development group and move all the people to POK (or otherwise mvs/xa wouldn't ship on time, endicott finally did manage to resurrect the vm370 product mission ... but had to reconstitute a development group from scratch).

at the time, somebody in the CMS group had extensively extended the os/360 simulation ... which managed to all get lost in the burlington mall shutdown. the standard CMS OS/360 had fit in less than 64kbytes ... some joke that CMS OS/360 simulation was much better price/performance than the 8mbyte MVS OS/360 simulation.

the plan was to not inform the vm370/cms development people until the very last minute (to minimize the people that might escape) ... but it managed to leak early ... and lots of people left IBM and stayed in the Boston area ... in fact there was joke that the head of POK was one of the major contributors to VAX/VMS since so many people left for DEC (including the person that did the major extension in os/360 simulation).

later there was some internal IBM significant extensions to os/360 simulation. There were a number of major chip, hardware, and microcode development applications that only ran on MVS. However, some of the internal datacenters were starting to burst at the seams ... even with all the 168s upgraded to 3033s. This was major rise of 4300 machines ... the corporation was installing 4300s out in every departmental supply and/or conference rooms (4300s taking over conference rooms, turned conference rooms into scarce commodity) ... sort of the leading edge of the distributed computing tsunami.

for large list of reasons, it wasn't practical to deploy MVS on all the machines (MVS required enormously larger people support, nearly all of them were with FBA disks which MVS doesn't support, MVS consumed much larger percentage of these smaller systems, leaving less to productive work, etc). Some number of internal installations ... extended the CMS OS/360 simulation in order to be able to move these major development applications out onto these distributed vm/4341s.

some old 4300 email from the period ... including discussion of extending os/360 simulation (to be able to migrate lots of the MVS workload out into distributed vm/4300s)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#43xx

the significant increase in vm/4300s also was major factor in the internal network passing 1000 nodes in summer 1983 ... past post with several '83 internal network references (including list of all corporate locations that added one or more network nodes in 1983)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#8
past posts mentioning internal network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]

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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 2 Jan 2014 08:50:01 -0800
Gerard Schildberger <gerard46@rrt.net> writes:
I would'nt bemoan it. I tried using CMS under TSO (or under MVS, I don't remember), but the response time was lousy (actually, bad lousy) and the functionality wasn't there. Too many restrictions.

The same thing kinda happened when the MVS folks said they could support PROFS (Office Vision) better under MVS/TSO than VM/CMS. Boy, was that painful to watch. They got it running for a few dozen users, but when they tried to scale it up to 8,500 (logged on) users, it was choke city. Never even came close getting that many UIDs logged on. I remember when OS/VS2 would crash when getting close to 512 address spaces. Does anybody know when that threshold was lifted? Or is there a new threshold? We had half of an Amdahl V7 (I think that was model) running VM with over 10,400 logged on users/SVMs. The average was at least 9k. The other half of the Amdahl were three more VMs, each had a goodly-sized PROFs system, not to mention PVM (Pass-thru) to the whole company, as well as hosting all the RSCS/net traffic. ________________________________________________ Gerard Schildberger


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#1 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#2 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#4 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]

the 23jun1969 unbundle announcement started charging for application software (they managed to make the case that operating system/kernel software would still be free), SE services, and other stuff ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundle

they had a issue about hands-on training for new SEs ... which previously had occurred as part of teams at the customer accout (couldn't figure out how not to charge for new SEs if they were on site) ... and came up with providing running operating systems in cp67 virtual machines at branch offices ... i.e. HONE system (hands-on network environment) ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone

the cambridge science center ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech csc/vm (&/or sjr/vm) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#cscvm

had also ported apl\360 to cp67/cms for cms\apl ... mostly required eliminating unnecessary stuff ... like its internal multi-tasking and swapping (to avoid high overhead os/360 services) ... recent discussion
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#54 Curiosity: TCB mapping macro name - why IKJTCB?

but its storage management was oriented to 16kbyte workspaces that were swapped as single unit ... which had to be redone for large virtual memory, demand paged environment ... as well as adding API for CMS system services (combination allowing implementation of large real world applications).

The HONE group then started deploying apl-based sales&marketing support applications also on HONE ... which came to dominate all HONE activity and the virtual guest operation use withered away. The palo alto science center then did the apl\cms for vm370/cms ... as well as the 370/145 apl microcode assist. As previously mentioned they had also done the 5100 apl work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#82 One day, a computer will fit on a desk (1974) - YouTube

in the mid-70s, the US HONE datacenters were consolidated in a bldg across the back parking lot from the palo alto science center (later a new bldg. went next door for facebook ... before they bought and moved into the old sun campus). For the heavy computation APL workload, machines were large mainframe SMP configured in loosely-coupled operation ... with single-system-image load-balancing and availability fallover (largest single-system-image operation in the world at the time). The single-system-image was then expanded to cover a 2nd datacenter in dallas and then a 3rd datacenter in boulder. Note that this support didn't appear in the customer product until a couple yrs ago:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#43 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#46 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time

HONE was one of my long-time enhanced operating system customers from original cp67 systems ... even in the early days, they asked me to assist with various installations as HONE clones started popping up around the world. Old email reference to csc/vm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430

Pretty much from mid-70s through the 80s, there was re-occurring case of a branch manager being promoted to head of business group that contained HONE and be horrified to find that it ran on vm370 (not MVS). He would then direct the HONE group to move HONE to MVS ... which would take nearly all the HONE resources for 12m-18m ... until it was proven to not be possible ... and then things would settle down for a couple months until they got the next new executive and the cycle would repeat.

In the mid-80s, it appeared that somebody decided it was my fault that HONE couldn't move to MVS ... that if HONE was first moved to an unenhanced vm370 system ... then service would deteriate to a level where it would be much easier to move to a MVS system (assumption that the dispartiy between MVS and VM370 would be much less if it wasn't one of my enhanced systems).

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]

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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 2 Jan 2014 11:40:17 -0800
PaulGBoulder@AIM.COM (Paul Gilmartin) writes:
I would think you'd first need sysadmin to DEFINE the service machine. Isn't that a directory update, beyond the entitlement of a Class G user?

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#1 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#2 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#4 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#5 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]

you started out just running/testing it in your own virtual machine ... it wasn't until later when you wanted to do something more production and wanted a separate virtual machine.

as aside, my same adtech conference that had presentations on precursor to pipelines and cms under mvs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#91 Learning Rexx

... also had talk on modifications for vm370 for BSD unix ... including being able to spawn independent (vm370) virtual address spaces that ran independently ... aka the same userid could have multiple independently running virtual address spaces ... much more like unix. This would have made it possible to spawn a service virtual address space ... without requiring a separate userid for every address space.

however, before this shipped the group was redirected to do BSD unix for the pc/rt ... which did ship as "AOS".

the later unix offerings were self-contained unix implementations that ran in single virtual machine virtual address space (not needing vm370 support for multiple independently running virtual address spaces).

aix/370 was a port of UCLA Locus ... for 370 (along with companion port for aix/386) ... Locus had very sophisticated distributed computing support ... with executing application being able to non-disruptbly migrate between different machines in the network ... with some caveats even between different machine architectures ... aka between aix/386 and aix/370.

one of the claims for aix/370 (and other unixes) running under vm370 ... rather on the bare machine ... was that field support required mainframe RAS & EREP to support the real machine ... and the effort to add such support to native unix was several times larger than the effort to do the straight forward port.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked a tech revoluti

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked a tech revoluti
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 03 Jan 2014 11:14:37 -0500
Peter Flass <Peter_Flass@Yahoo.com> writes:
It's a misconception that PL/I is just a mainframe language. I think it's available for all of IBM's product line including iSeries and pSeries smaller systems. IBM's latest package (is it still "Rational Developer?") includes PL/I for Windows. MicroFocus sells PL/I for Intel Windows; Kednos sells PL/I for OpenVMS. Of course I won't mention Iron Spring PL/I for Linux and OS/2 ;-)

there is even this effort
http://pl1gcc.sourceforge.net/
and
http://sourceforge.net/projects/pl1gcc/

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

We're About to Lose Net Neutrality -- And the Internet as We Know It

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From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: We're About to Lose Net Neutrality -- And the Internet as We Know It
Date: 03 Jan 2014
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#90 We're About to Lose Net Neutrality -- And the Internet as We Know It

other UCB trivia (besides yes'ing darpa to death) ... some of it in this old NSFNET related email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#nsfnet

I got brought in early to look at what was being called "Berkeley 10m" telescope ... 1m segmented mirror. Part of it included from film to ccd (100times photon efficiency of film) and they wanted to do remote viewing on mainland ... including transmitting electronic images back to viewer from observatory in Hawaii. Part of the CCD testing went on at Lick (at the time was just 200x200, aka 40k pixels)
http://ucolick.org/

They didn't want to accept NSF money because then NSF would be able to dictate observatory schedule. Eventually they got Keck foundation to fund the effort and it became known as Keck 10m & Keck observatory.
http://www.keckobservatory.org/

NSF gave UC a $120M grant for supercomputer center at Berkeley ... however the UC regents master plan had the next new bldg. going in at San Diego campus ... so the regents redirected the grant to UCSD (instead of UCB) for supercomputer center there (and General Atomics was initially hired to operate it).
http://www.sdsc.edu/

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

NSA seeks to build quantum computer that could crack most types of encryption

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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: NSA seeks to build quantum computer that could crack most types of encryption
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 3 Jan 2014 11:29:50 -0800
KPHIBM@LIVE.COM (Ken Hume IBM) writes:
Text of the 4th Ammendment to the U.S. Constitution.

The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.


My wife's father was given a set of Fiske history lectures (from 1880s) for some distinction at West Point. Fiske has the US gov. completely different if it had been up to the English settlers in north atlantic states (aka oligarchs) ... but for the influence of the scots-irish settlers in the mid-atlantic states. James Webb also touches on it in his book: "How the Scots-Irish Shaped America"

"Web of Debt: The Shocking Truth About Our Money System and How We Can Break Free" has the framers of the consitution sending Jefferson off as minister to France while they drafted the constitution in secrecy. when the states didn't approve the constitution, they brought Jefferson back to write the "bill of rights" ... finally getting approval for the new gov.

"The History of the Peloponnesian War" (Thucydides): Theramenes, son of Hagnon, was also one of the foremost of the subverters of the democracy--a man as able in council as in debate. Conducted by so many and by such sagacious heads, the enterprise, great as it was, not unnaturally went forward; although it was no light matter to deprive the Athenian people of its freedom, almost a hundred years after the deposition of the tyrants

In the 80s, I was doing HSDT (high-speed data transport, T1 and faster links) and IBM required all links be encrypted ... it wasn't too bad getting T1 link encryptors ... but they were really expensive ... and it was really hard to find faster link encryptors. some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt

So I got involved in doing our own ... objective was cost under $100 to build and could handle a couple megabytes/sec. There was some slight of hand and the corporate crypto group said that standard DES had been significantly weakened. It took me 3months to figure out the language to explain to them what was happening ... that instead of weakening DES ... it was significantly stonger than standard DES. It turned out to be a hollow victory, realizing that (at the time) there was three kinds of crypto in the world: 1) the kind they don't care about, 2) the kind you can't do and 3) the kind you can only do for them .... when they told me I could make as many as I wanted but there was only a single entity that could use them (and it wasn't me).

some old crypto email ... even discussion from 1981 about doing PGP-like implementation (a decade before PGP):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#crypto

from three decades ago, standard 370 software did DES at approx. 150kbytes/sec on 3081K processor ... to handle DES encrypt/descript for full-duplex T1 link would require dedicating both 3081K processors.

recent posts mentioning realizing there was three kinds of crypto:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#31 The Vindication of Barb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#69 The failure of cyber defence - the mindset is against it
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#77 German infosec agency warns against Trusted Computing in Windows 8
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#88 NSA and crytanalysis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#10 "NSA foils much internet encryption"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#50 Secret contract tied NSA and security industry pioneer

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

"Death of the mainframe"

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: "Death of the mainframe"
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 03 Jan 2014 16:52:53 -0500
"Charlie Gibbs" <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> writes:
Well, my definition might be becoming somewhat dated. On the other hand, since my definition is usage-oriented, those "PC" servers are actually doing things that traditional mainframes did, and they live in the same big air-conditioned rooms that the mainframes did - as opposed to a box that's architecturally very similar but which sits on a user's desk and is turned off at night (or rebooted regularly at Windows' whim).

On the other hand, our software is running 24/7 - with minimal need for human intervention - on a number of those desktop machines...


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#64 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#65 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#68 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#69 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#71 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#72 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#73 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#75 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#80 "Death of the mainframe"

the low & mid range 4300s ... in part because of their small environmental footprint, started to move out into dept supply and conferences rooms (inside ibm was significant contributor to conference rooms becoming scarce commodity) ... leading edge of the distributed computing tsunami

other recent post in ibm-main discussioin
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#4 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

NSA seeks to build quantum computer that could crack most types of encryption

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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: NSA seeks to build quantum computer that could crack most types of encryption
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 3 Jan 2014 14:06:31 -0800
scott_j_ford@YAHOO.COM (Scott Ford) writes:
9/11 changed a lot of things , especially security, ask us who worked or had worked on NYC up thru and after 2001

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#9 NSA seeks to build quantum computer that could crack most types of encryption

5 Unnerving Documents Showing Ties Between Greenwald, Omidyar & Booz Allen Hamilton
http://www.minds.com/blog/view/264199355085361152/5-unnerving-documents-showing-ties-between-greenwald-omidyar-and-booz-allen-hamilton

some ibm connection ... Not only was BAH Snowden's employer ... it was private equity reverse-IPO by Carlyle (headed by Gerstner after he left IBM).

Spies Like Us
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us/
Private contractors like Booz Allen now reportedly garner 70 percent of the annual $80 billion intelligence budget and supply more than half of the available manpower.

... snip ...

How Booz Allen Hamilton Swallowed Washington
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-06-23/visualizing-how-booz-allen-hamilton-swallowed-washington

the spreading Success Of Failure culture wasn't that the (intelligence) failures were because of not gathering enough data ... but blaming not enough data helps justify greatly increasing the the size of efforts and ever increasing profits for the increasingly privatized institutions

Success of Failure culture
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/

... and possibly even looking in all the wrong places

Murdoch's NY Post Backs Michael Moore's Bush-Saudi 9/11 Claims
http://news.firedoglake.com/2013/12/16/murdochs-ny-post-backs-michael-moores-bush-saudi-911-claims/
Inside the Saudi 9/11 coverup
http://nypost.com/2013/12/15/inside-the-saudi-911-coverup/
9/11 Families 'Ecstatic' They Can Finally Sue Saudi Arabia
http://news.yahoo.com/9-11-families-39-ecstatic-39-finally-sue-222121660--abc-news-topstories.html

in the Peloponnesian War, the threats to Athens were used as justification for subverting the democracy ... however leading up to it, Athens had a disastrous campaign trying to conquer sicily ... which enormously weakened the city-state and made it extremely vulnerable to its enemies.

posts mentioning Success of Failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

5 Unnerving Documents Showing Ties Between Greenwald, Omidyar & Booz Allen Hamilton

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From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: 5 Unnerving Documents Showing Ties Between Greenwald, Omidyar & Booz Allen Hamilton
Date: 04 Jan 2014
Blog: Google+
re:
https://plus.google.com/102794881687002297268/posts/ZUWfvX9jZyr

5 Unnerving Documents Showing Ties Between Greenwald, Omidyar & Booz Allen Hamilton
http://www.minds.com/blog/view/264199355085361152/5-unnerving-documents-showing-ties-between-greenwald-omidyar-and-booz-allen-hamilton

Not only was BAH Snowden's employer ... it was private equity reverse-IPO by Carlyle (headed by Gerstner after he left IBM). posts mentioning Gerstner
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner

Spies Like Us
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us/

from above:
Private contractors like Booz Allen now reportedly garner 70 percent of the annual $80 billion intelligence budget and supply more than half of the available manpower.

... snip ...

How Booz Allen Hamilton Swallowed Washington
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-06-23/visualizing-how-booz-allen-hamilton-swallowed-washington
Success of Failure culture
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/

posts mentioning Success of Failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree

BAH is in it for profit ... a variation on the military industrial complex ... including BAH having been found to have used classified information and intelligence assets for corporate benefit. This is further aggravated by the reverse-IPO. NYT did in-depth that private equity buyouts involve loan for the full amount of the purchase .... which is then put on the bought company's books ... and even stays on the company's books if it is later sold (private equity companies would still show enormous profit even if they later sell for less than they paid). This puts enormous pressure on the bought company to increase earnings to service the debt load. NYT article had over half the corporate debt defaults are by companies that are currently or previously owned by private equity company. posts mentioning private equity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity

Public security literature from the 90s would imply that it should have been impossible for all that information to walk out the door ... possible threat model is for-profit companies cut way back on security procedures to increase earnings. Recent reports at that everybody with TC/SCI has access to everything with no accountability (sysadmin references possibly obfuscation and misdirection) ... they haven't been able to figure out how much actually has walked out the door ... even some reference to it might have been everything. It also would play role in news about surveillance being used against romantic interests &/or rivals.

Most recent scenario is that they be able to influence/spin new revelations for corporate benefit.

I have seen no evidence that the actual leaks were directly for profit ... but possibly side-effect of reducing costs to increase revenue, side-effect of misappropriation of assets for other purposes, etc. However, trying to control/spin future revelations could likely be objective.

The path that the current leaks took is possibly influenced by the Success Of Failure case where there was report of problems to congress (and no public leaking of classified material) ... but the whistleblowers were charged with the same offenses as the current case ... and treated really, really badly (the worst that could be claimed was they represented threat to careers of senior people who fabricated the charges).

unrelated to the Success Of Failure case ... but that TS/SCI compartmental wasn't being enforced
http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/12/the-national-security-agencys-oversharing-problem/

more on Success Of Failure case
http://chicagodefender.com/2013/12/18/who-broke-the-law-snowden-or-the-nsa/

possibly somewhat related, suppose to protect whitleblowers ... Office of Special Counsel Releases Report Confirming Misconduct by Then-Agency Head Scott Bloch
http://www.pogo.org/blog/2013/12/office-of-special-counsel-releases-report.html

there was public IARPA BAA (iarpa.gov, we didn't know it at the time for various reasons including not having clearances, it was early in the period leading up to Success Of Failure) from somebody at the agency, saying that none of the stuff they had did the job. We didn't even know about the BAA ... but on the last day we got a call asking us to respond before it closed (in part because nobody else had). There was a couple meetings about how we would be able to do what was required ... and then nothing. Later we were told that the higher ups had told the BAA author that he actually hadn't proved (to their satisfaction) that what they have wouldn't do the job. As in Success Of Failure stories, there are lot of large for-profit companies and other vested interests interested in maintaining the status quo (conjecture that he was allowed to release the BAA in anticipation of no response, which would help shutdown his complaining).

note: was actually precursor to iarpa
https://web.archive.org/web/20050828171703/http://www.ic-arda.org/about_arda.htm
now
http://www.iarpa.gov/whatis.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Al-Qaeda-linked force captures Fallujah amid rise in violence in Iraq

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From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: Al-Qaeda-linked force captures Fallujah amid rise in violence in Iraq
Date: 04 Jan 2014
Blog: Facebook
Al-Qaeda-linked force captures Fallujah amid rise in violence in Iraq
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/al-qaeda-force-captures-fallujah-amid-rise-in-violence-in-iraq/2014/01/03/8abaeb2a-74aa-11e3-8def-a33011492df2_story.html

Son-in-law was 2004-2005 Fellujah and 2007-2008 Baqubah ... accounts have Baqubah much worse than Fallujah.
https://www.amazon.com/Battle-Baqubah-Killing-Our-ebook/dp/B007VBBS9I/

This has woman presenting evidence that Iraq invasion justification was fabricated and they treated her really badly
https://www.amazon.com/Classified-Woman-The-Sibel-Edmonds-Story-ebook/dp/B007XY8INW/

Murdoch's NY Post Backs Michael Moore's Bush-Saudi 9/11 Claims
http://news.firedoglake.com/2013/12/16/murdochs-ny-post-backs-michael-moores-bush-saudi-911-claims/
Inside the Saudi 9/11 coverup
http://nypost.com/2013/12/15/inside-the-saudi-911-coverup/
9/11 Families 'Ecstatic' They Can Finally Sue Saudi Arabia
http://news.yahoo.com/9-11-families-39-ecstatic-39-finally-sue-222121660--abc-news-topstories.html

this has an account of sat. photo recon analyst raising alarm that Iraq was marshaling forces to invade Kuwait and white house discrediting the analyst and saying Saddam would do no such thing. However, when he raised the alarm that Iraq was marshaling forces for invasion of Saudi Arabia that started to see serious response.
https://www.amazon.com/Long-Strange-Journey-Intelligence-ebook/dp/B004NNV5H2

the iraq scenario then would serve at least two possible purposes ... 1) spinney's perpetual war ... an organized mechanized military that we could throw our mechanized military against and 2) obfuscation and misdirection away from saudis

Chuck's perpetual war
http://chuckspinney.blogspot.com/p/domestic-roots-of-perpetual-war.html
posts mentioning perpetual war:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war

Rumsfeld's War and Its Consequences Now
http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2013/dec/19/rumsfelds-war-and-its-consequences-now/

note two different (but not necessarily inconsistent) explanations for shuttling bush off to be director of cia 1) needed replacement director that would stop opposing team b analysis and 2) internal republican politics sidelining a rival.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Team_B
includes picture of Rumsfeld with Saddam & US support for Iraq
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran-Iraq_War
then there is Iran--Contra affair
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran-Contra_affair
posts mentioning team b
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#team.b

a little computer trivia ... email evidence came from the PROFS backup tapes ... PROFS email client was VMSG ... some old VMSG reference email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#vmsg

Facebook is showing this article for both Yon & H-III together on my timeline, so part of Yon's (old) account of Baqubah
http://www.michaelyon-online.com/index.php?option=com_content

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Criminal Action Is Expected for JPMorgan in Madoff Case

From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: Criminal Action Is Expected for JPMorgan in Madoff Case
Date: 04 Jan 2014
Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and Security
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#35 Criminal Action Is Expected for JPMorgan in Madoff Case

Why Aren't Big Bankers in Jail? Why ask why, say their enablers in financial press
http://fair.org/extra-online-articles/why-arent-big-bankers-in-jail/

posts mentioning madoff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#madoff
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture p> --
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Federal Judge Hammers Justice Department for Not Prosecuting Wall Street Executives

From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: Federal Judge Hammers Justice Department for Not Prosecuting Wall Street Executives
Date: 04 Jan 2014
Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and Security
Federal Judge Hammers Justice Department for Not Prosecuting Wall Street Executives
http://therealnews.com/t2/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=31&Itemid=74&jumival=11200

Federal Judge Asks Why Wall Street Executives Haven't Been Prosecuted
http://news.firedoglake.com/2014/01/03/federal-judge-asks-why-wall-street-executives-havent-been-prosecuted/

posts mentioning too big to fail (too big to presecute, too big to jail)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Command Culture

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From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: Command Culture
Date: 05 Jan 2014
Blog: Facebook
Command Culture
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m7unu0fLYvc

In the Q&A he repeats a frequent Boyd theme about the size of the officer corp when asked about what he would recommend for the US military..

Boyd would attribute the ballooning size of the officer corp as needed for rigid, top-down, command&control structure and to manage massive numbers that were assumed to not know what they were doing. This then wanders into the area of trust which he would highlight by citing Guderian's verbal orders only for the blitzgrieg. He would comment that US corporate culture was starting to be contaminated by former US military officers climbing the corporate ladder ... and disastrous effects of instituting similar rigid, top-down, command&control structure ... assuming only those at the very top know what they are doing (and everybody else were replaceable parts). Note, however this was also when there was starting to be articles blaming the problems on the rise of MBAs and myopic focus on quarterly numbers.

posts mentioning Boyd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Literate JCL?

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Literate JCL?
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 5 Jan 2014 13:51:40 -0800
john.archie.mckown@GMAIL.COM (John McKown) writes:
We had a discussion on changes we would like to see in JCL. Well, I am wondering if perhaps what should be embraced in a variation of Knuth's "Literate Programming" in which the program source is actually embedded in the documentation. I am wondering if some JCL documentation company might consider this to be something as a possibility for a product. This would combine and centralize the maintenance of the JCL with the documentation for the job.

Combining this with the DCF thread, how about something like DCF's GML which could be run through some program. One DD would output the JCL, such as could be sent to the internal reader. Another DD would contain formatted text, such as AFP or PDF output. Might even be nice if this vendor program could be written so that a scheduler program, such as CA-7, could use it as a "preprocessor" for jobs that it submits. This would be so that the CA-7 JCL library would contain the "Literate JCL" and be able to "directly" submit it. Of course, said vendor product should also be able to do a JCL syntax scan to detect syntactic JCL errors.

Just a wacked out thought for the new year.

ref:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literate_programming


principles of operation was similar but different ... one of the first mainstream publications moved over to cms script. the full document was called the architecture redbook ... for distribution in red 3ring binder. cms script command line argument would either format the full redbook or the principles of operation subset ... the full redbook included justifications, alternatives, engineering considerations, etc (which about doubled the size of the document)

archeological: cms script was originally re-implementation of CTSS runoff for cp40/cms (science center had gotten 360/40 and made hardware modifications to support virtual memory) ... which became cp67/cms when science center got a 360/67. (gml) tag processing was added to cms script after gml was invented at science center in 1969 ("gml" are the 1st letters of the 3 inventors last name).

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

"Death of the mainframe"

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: "Death of the mainframe"
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 06 Jan 2014 09:32:54 -0500
Stephen Wolstenholme <easynn@googlemail.com> writes:
Not by systems analysts. The only maintenance was on the mainframes and peripherals and that was done by the operators and engineers.

one of the big issues in getting cp67 7x24 was the required regular preventive maintenance ... and another was that the machines were leased and the cpu meter based charges.

an early problem providing off-shift 7x24 was that initially there was very little use ... and monthly costs/lease (based on cpu based running) was recovered based on use. the off-shift costs exceeded the off-shift use ... but to encourage 7x24 off-shift use the machine had to be left up all the time.

cp67 software enhancements were to automatically boot and come up with no human intervention ... along with other changes ... it allowed off-shift operation with no operator present (reducing the costs of leaving system up and available off-shift).

The cpu meter issue was that it ran whenever the cpu was active and/or there was any active channel program. One of the channel programming tricks was to have channel program that wouldn't run the cpu meter when nothing was going on ... but would wake up for terminal connections and in-coming characters on demand. A characteristic of the cpu meter would that it would continue to run for 400ms after all activity had stop ... before it stopped. At least well into the late 70s ... long after switch to sales ... and no longer leases charges being based on cpu meter reading ... the POK favorite son operating system (MVS) had task that would wake up every 400ms (guaranteeing that if the system was available ... even if doing nothing ... the cpu meter would never stop).

Another issue with off-shift manual requirements was the increasing use of service virtual machines (common current terminology virtual appliance) which required somebody to connect and startup. This is recent post about the autolog command that I had originally developed for automatic benchmarking ... but was quickly picked up for automatic initiation of service virtual machines ... and included product shipped to customers ... recent discussion of service virtual machine and "autolog" command
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#1 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
past posts mentioning automated benchmarking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#benchmark

one of the enhancements made for cp67/vm370 by (virtual machine) based online service bureaus ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#timeshare

was loosely-coupled support and non-disruptive migration (which failed to showup in the product). One of the 7x24 availability issues was requirement to take down systems for regularly scheduled preventive maintanance. The virtual-machine based online service bureaus could *drain* a machine with transparent, non-disruptive migration (in a loosely-coupled complex) before taking a system offline for regularly scheduled preventive maintenance.

other recent posts mentioning autolog command:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#24 Inventor of e-mail honored by Smithsonian
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#38 Invention of Email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#17 a clock in it, was Re: Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#38 1969 networked word processor "Astrotype"

past posts in this thread:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#64 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#65 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#68 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#69 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#71 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#72 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#73 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#75 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#80 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#10 "Death of the mainframe"

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 06 Jan 2014 16:17:48 -0500
"Charlie Gibbs" <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> writes:
Except that in IBM-think, you held EBCDIC sources close to the vest. :-)

tale of 360 was originally suppose to be ascii not ebcdic (one of the biggest mistakes of 360
https://web.archive.org/web/20180513184025/http://www.bobbemer.com/P-BIT.HTM

cp67/cms started out source distribution as well as source maintenance

internal joint distributed effort between the science center and endicott to simulate 370 virtual machines as option in cp67 running on real 360/67 ... also resulted in the cms multi-level source update process

the litigation against ibm resulting in the 23jun1969 unbundling announcement ... starting to charge for application software, se services, etc (however, they did manage to make the case that kernel software should still be free) ... and started some limitations on source
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundle

morph from cp67 to vm370 kept up source distribution ... the monthly (maintenance) PUT tapes distributed both precompiled binaries as well as the source updates.

during FS period, 370 efforts were being suspended and/or killed off ... which is credited with giving the clone processor makers a market foothold ... then with the failure of FS, there was mad rush to get stuff back into the 370 product pipelines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

the rise of the clone processors appeared to be the motivation in changing decision to start charging for kernel softare. the mad rush to get stuff back into the product pipelines contributed to decision to release a lot of stuff that I had continued to do do on 360/370 all through the FS period (including enhanced operating systems for internal datacenters, i would also periodically ridicule the FS activity, which wasn't exactly career enhancing) ... some old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#email731212
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430

one of the pieces was my resource manager ... and the decision was made to make it the guinea pig for starting to charge for kernel hardware some past posts mentioning resource management
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare

in the early 80s, the transition had completed and all (kernel) software was now being charged for. some of the transition can be seen in the Hercules distribution with parts of vm370 release 6 (with source) is freely available ... but not other parts.

it was after the change over to charging for all kernel software in the early 80s ... that the "OCO-wars" began ... announcement that software distribution would be "object code only" ... some of this can be seen in the only vmshare discussions ... vmshare was SHARE online computer conferencing provided free to the SHARE organization by TYMSHARE starting in Aug1976 ... archives here:
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare/
one of the OCO disucussions
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare/browse.cgi?fn=OCO&ft=PROB

one of my internal production process for cp67 and csc/vm were tapes that contained backup of running system, all the source that went into making that system, plus all the infrastructure necessary to build the system. I managed to keep/archive some number of those tapes. This came in handy in the mid-80s when Melinda was looking for the source of the original multi-level source update/maintance procedures ... and I was able to pull it off and send it to her. some old email about looking for stuff as part of her preparing VM history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email850906
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email850908
current melinda site with several history papers (about halfway down page)
http://www.leeandmelindavarian.com/Melinda#VMHist

the timing was fortunate ... since shortly later there was a problem in the IBM Almaden operations where random tapes were being mounted as scratch. I had lots of stuff from the 70s (and even from undergraduate days in the late 60s) ... triple-replicated on tapes in the IBM Almaden tape library ... and they were all overwritten.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 06 Jan 2014 16:40:21 -0500
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#19 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

... and misc. past posts mentioning cms incremental/source update
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#57 line length (was Re: Babble from "JD" <dyson@jdyson.com>)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003.html#58 Card Columns
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003k.html#47 Slashdot: O'Reilly On The Importance Of The Mainframe Heritage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004g.html#44 Sequence Numbbers in Location 73-80
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#36 Integer types for 128-bit addressing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005i.html#30 Status of Software Reuse?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005p.html#45 HASP/ASP JES/JES2/JES3
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006f.html#5 3380-3390 Conversion - DISAPPOINTMENT
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006f.html#21 Over my head in a JES exit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006f.html#38 Over my head in a JES exit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006n.html#45 sorting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006o.html#14 SEQUENCE NUMBERS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006o.html#19 Source maintenance was Re: SEQUENCE NUMBERS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006o.html#27 oops
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006u.html#26 Assembler question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#42 vmshare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007f.html#12 FBA rant
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007m.html#11 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007m.html#15 Patents, Copyrights, Profits, Flex and Hercules
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007n.html#3 Is Parallel Programming Just Too Hard?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007n.html#32 What I miss in my OS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#69 EXCP access methos
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009s.html#17 old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009s.html#37 DEC-10 SOS Editor Intra-Line Editing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#63 Source code for s/360 [PUBLIC]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#13 Idiotic programming style edicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#39 1971PerformanceStudies - Typical OS/MFT 40/50/65s analysed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011c.html#3 If IBM Hadn't Bet the Company
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#80 TSO Profile NUM and PACK
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#12 program coding pads
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#27 computer bootlaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#34 Data Areas?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#22 The Invention of Email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#98 PDP-10 system calls, was 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#61 32760?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#19 What Makes sorting so cool?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#68 What Makes code storage management so cool?

... and misc past posts mentioning operational problem in the almaden tape library
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003j.html#14 A Dark Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#42 vmshare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007l.html#51 Scholars needed to build a computer history bibliography
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#8 Is SUN going to become x86'ed ??
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#66 Evolution of Floating Point
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009s.html#17 old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#51 Source code for s/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#32 Need tool to zap core
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#45 Is email dead? What do you think?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#39 1971PerformanceStudies - Typical OS/MFT 40/50/65s analysed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#89 If IBM Hadn't Bet the Company
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011c.html#3 If IBM Hadn't Bet the Company
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011c.html#4 If IBM Hadn't Bet the Company
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#80 TSO Profile NUM and PACK
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#29 Congratulations, where was my invite?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#12 Selectric Typewriter--50th Anniversary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#16 Dennis Ritchie
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#22 The Invention of Email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#72 Any cool anecdotes IBM 40yrs of VM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#61 Google Patents Staple of '70s Mainframe Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#61 32760?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#73 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#68 What Makes code storage management so cool?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#9 IBM ad for Basic Operating System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#60 Bridgestone Sues IBM For $600 Million Over Allegedly 'Defective' System That Plunged The Company Into 'Chaos'

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 06 Jan 2014 19:16:44 -0500
hancock4 writes:
Wow. I am far from qualified to disagree with the 'father of ASCII', but I do have some questions on his essay.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#19 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#20 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

here is lot more of his history items:
https://web.archive.org/web/20180513184025/http://www.bobbemer.com/HISTORY.HTM

the above includes a place holder for "The Beginnings of ASCII" that he is in the progress of writing.

references at the bottom of article has his work on standard back to 1959.
https://web.archive.org/web/20180513184025/http://www.bobbemer.com/P-BIT.HTM

minor (history) 1961 reference
https://web.archive.org/web/20180513184025/http://www.bobbemer.com/ZACHERLY.HTM

from above:
The American Standards Association (now ANSI) held the organizational meeting for Committee X3, Computers and Information Processing, at the end of January of 1961 [1]. It adopted the scope and program of work that I had drafted at the request of John McPherson and Jim Birkenstock, IBM Vice Presidents

... snip ...

and
https://web.archive.org/web/20180513184025/http://www.bobbemer.com/REGISTRY.HTM

from above:
Committee X3 was authorized at a meeting of 1960 January 13. Prior to then some effort was already in progress toward a new and standard character set for at least computers, if not for communications. At IBM I had Frank Williams and Howard Smith, Jr. involved in this area. The impetus was the 8-bit character structure of both the IBM Stretch computer and the upcoming 360 series. Outside of IBM, however, the possibility of an octet character was not taken seriously.

... snip ...

his history seems to show that he & IBM were major drivers behind ASCII in the standards meetings ... and would have been well aware of the technical details well before the first published edition of the standard.

the 1963 reference may be when standard was officially adopted ... which sometimes can be several years after the majority of the work has already been done (I had something of that experience with x9.59 standard).

first edition of standard published 1963
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII

a couple other ASCII related articles at the website
https://web.archive.org/web/20180513184025/http://www.bobbemer.com/INSIDE-A.HTM
https://web.archive.org/web/20180513184025/http://www.bobbemer.com/666.HTM

past posts reference Bemer webpages:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#26 A Complete History Of Mainframe Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#27 Origins of EBCDIC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#39 Mainframe Utility for EBCDIC to ASCII conversion
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#41 Disksize history question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009s.html#63 CAPS Fantasia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#4 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#65 They've changed the keyboard layout _again_
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#9 Typewriter vs. Computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#67 Wondering if I am really eligible for this group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#6 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#45 HP getting out of computer biz
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#23 computer bootlaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#5 Any candidates for best acronyms?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#45 CRLF in Unix being translated on Mainframe to x'25'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#55 "Geek" t-shirts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#100 The PC industry is heading for collapse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#52 M68k add to memory is not a mistake any more
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#55 Just for a laugh... How to spot an old IBMer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#73 END OF FILE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#36 PDP-10 system calls, was 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#84 72 column cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#52 8-bit bytes and byte-addressed machines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#56 Reduced Symbol Set Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#56 New HD
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#72 One reason for monocase was Re: Dualcase vs monocase. Was: Article for the boss
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#14 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#61 32760?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#3 Ported Tools - Unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#49 Internet Mainframe Forums Considered Harmful
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#33 Teletypewriter Model 33
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#35 Teletypewriter Model 33

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 06 Jan 2014 22:06:29 -0500
"Charlie Gibbs" <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> writes:
An early example of NIH, perhaps disguised as "product differentiation"?

Quoting from Ted Nelson's "Computer Lib":

"ASCII and ye shall receive." -- the computer industry "ASCII not, what your machine can do for you." -- IBM


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#19 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#20 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#21 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

Bemer's history is that it was ibm (& Bemer at ibm) that was a major force behind ascii ... the comment implied that Learson made a temporary expediate w/o realizing that it wasn't temporary and actually had long term severe effects.
https://web.archive.org/web/20180513184025/http://www.bobbemer.com/P-BIT.HTM

from above:
The culprit was T. Vincent Learson. The only thing for his defense is that he had no idea of what he had done. It was when he was an IBM Vice President, prior to tenure as Chairman of the Board, those lofty positions where you believe that, if you order it done, it actually will be done.

... snip ..

sort of many years of work by Bemer and IBM appeared to go down the drain ... at least as far as ibm mainframe was concerned

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Scary Sysprogs and educating those 'kids'

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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Scary Sysprogs and educating those 'kids'....
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 7 Jan 2014 08:00:02 -0800
dcrayford@GMAIL.COM (David Crayford) writes:
Is that still the case today? Even cheap x86 blades have machine check architecture which can signal software on hardware failures. It must be over a decade or so since IBM started stuffing mainframe quality RAM modules into x86 servers, chipkill etc. 90% of server failures were due to RAM errors. You don't have to search too far to find 99.999 platforms running Intel. You'll pay for it though.

Jim had study at Tandem that hardware failure by that time had drastically reduced and most failures had shifted to other factors (software, environmental, human mistakes) ... old overview from that study
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/grayft84.pdf
also
https://jimgray.azurewebsites.net/papers/TandemTR86.2_FaultToleranceInTandemComputerSystems.pdf

disclaimer: I worked with Jim at IBM Research (before he left for Tandem) during System/R days (precursor to DB2)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr

commodity disk mtbf use to be 80,000 hrs ... then it increased to 800,000 hrs and now nearly doubled to 1.4m hrs (that is w/o RAID technologies to mask failures). recent post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#7 Something to Think About - Optimal PDS Blocking

At IBM, we had done high-availability cluster systems with commodity parts and five-nines availability for HA/CMP ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

somewhat as a result, I was asked to write a section for the corporate continuous availability strategy document ... however it got pulled when both Rochester (as/400) and POK (mainframe) complained that they couldn't meet the numbers. some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#available

in one scenario for 1-800 system ... we were up against hardware fault-tolerant system for five-nines availability. It turns out that at system level ha/cmp met the objective ... but the hardware fault-tolerant system needed scheduled downtime once a year for software maintenance ... which blew a century of downtime allowance. They came back with a cluster solution of replicated systems ... to mask the outage for software maintenance ... but that then negated the need to have the expensive hardware fault tolerant implementation.

as mentioned in the commodity disk references, the large cloud megadatacenters have done extensive studies on price/availability ... part of the strategy (as well as HA/CMP) is akin to disk raid ... but applied to the rest of the infrastructure.

slight topic drift ... Why Programmers Work At Night
http://www.businessinsider.com/why-programmers-work-at-night-2013-1

and old post with "Real Programmers Don't Eat Quiche"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#31
Real Programmers never work 9 to 5. If any Real Programmers are around at 9 AM, it's because they were up all night.

... this was back in the days before computer screens and typewriter computer terminals and working evenings was so you could concentrate and not be interrupted ... trying to solve very complex issues would require intense uninterrupted concentration. this is somewhat contrasted with individuals that crave constant interaction and long, unproductive meetings.

I mention my first student programming job was porting 1401 MPIO to 360/30. The univ. had 709/1401 combo ... with 1401 handling front-end tape<->printer/punch/card reader ... and 709 ibsys running tape->tape and manual moving tape between 709 and 1401 tape drives.

The univ. had been sold 360/67 (for tss/360) to replace 709/1401 and 360/30 replaced the 1401 during transition. The 360/30 had 1401 hardware emulation that ran MPIO just fine ... so my job redoing MPIO for 360/30 could be considered just getting familiarity with 360. However, I got to design and implement my own monitor, device drivers, interrupt handlers, error recovery, scheduling, dispatching, console interface, storage management.

The datacenter shutdown at 8am sat and I got the whole room to myself from 8am sat to 8am that summer. This continued into the school year ... although it made Monday morning classes a little hard, having been up (w/o sleep) for 48hrs. It wasn't just night ... it was 48hrs of total uninterrupted concentration.

Eventually the 360/67 was installed, but tss/360 made it to production quality, so the machine ran mostly as 360/65 running os/360 ... and I was hired fulltime to be system support.

One of the issues was that student fortran jobs ran less than second elapsed time on 709 (ibsys tape->tape) ... but ran over a minute elapsed time on 360/65. This was reduced to under a minute with the addition of HASP. I started doing careful stage2 sysgens to optimize disk arm movement and pds member search ... taking the stage2 output of stage1 and reodering all the cards to careful place datasets and pds members on disk. This increased student fortran throughput by nearly another factor of three times (os/360 was enormously heavy disk access including dragging large numbers of multi-load transient SVCs 2kbytes at a time).

Student fortran job throughput never did beat 709 until WATFOR was installed ... recent post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#54 Curiosity: TCB mapping macro name - why IKJTCB?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Scary Sysprogs and educating those 'kids'

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Scary Sysprogs and educating those 'kids'....
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 7 Jan 2014 08:57:03 -0800
lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) writes:
slight topic drift ... Why Programmers Work At Night
http://www.businessinsider.com/why-programmers-work-at-night-2013-1

and old post with "Real Programmers Don't Eat Quiche"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#31

Real Programmers never work 9 to 5. If any Real Programmers are around at 9 AM, it's because they were up all night.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#23

some of the bad rep for sysprogs is the difference in culture between those count number of meetings as productivity and sysprogs that view meetings as mostly a waste of time (and need periods of uninterrupted concentration time to solve problems).

then there is this in a Boyd-related blog: Is hierarchy necessary? (my post is currently the last one at the bottom from today)
http://slightlyeastofnew.com/2014/01/01/is-hierarchy-necessary/

disclaimer: i had sponsored Boyd and his briefings at IBM
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Boyd_%28military_strategist%29

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The History of the Grid: Comments invited

From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: The History of the Grid: Comments invited
Date: 08 Jan 2014
Blog: Google+
re:
https://plus.google.com/102794881687002297268/posts/CmwkTnMqRCY
also Old Geek
http://lnkd.in/d-iSRaP

The History of the Grid: Comments invited
http://www.ianfoster.org/wordpress/2014/01/01/history-of-the-grid/

Grid Computing
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/401444/grid-computing/

we had been working with NSF and various players and were suppose to get $20M to tie together the NSF supercomputer centers ... then congress cut the funding and some other things happened ... eventually they released an RFP .... however internal politics prevented us from bidding ... director of NSF tried to help and wrote a letter to the company (copying the CEO) ... but that just made the internal politics worse (as did comment about what we already had running was at least 5yrs ahead of all RFP responses). Some old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#nsfnet

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Warnings for the U.S. military about innovation and the information age: The Pentagon looks like a minicomputer firm

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: Warnings for the U.S. military about innovation and the information age: The Pentagon looks like a minicomputer firm
Date: 08 Jan 2014
Blog: Google+
re:
https://plus.google.com/102794881687002297268/posts/WwHNkt82eK7

Warnings for the U.S. military about innovation and the information age: The Pentagon looks like a minicomputer firm
http://ricks.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2014/01/07/a_warnings_for_the_us_military_about_innovation_and_the_information_age_the_pentago

This is an old post with a decade of vax sales, sliced&diced by model, year, US/non-US
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#0

which shows towards the end of the 80s, workstations & large PCs were starting to take over the mid-range market. Note that IBM 4300s sold in similar numbers into the low/mid-range market for orders of single or small numbers ... the difference being additional large corporation multi-hundred 4300 orders that went out into departmental areas ... sort of the leading edge of the distributed computing tsunami. The 4361/4381 (follow-on to the 4331/4341) was expecting to see similar explosion in sales ... but by that time, that market was already starting to move to workstations and large PCs. misc. old 4300 email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#43xx

for a little USAF ... one of the old emails is about AFDS coming by to talk about 20 4341s ... but then morphed into 210 4341s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#email790404b

for even more drift ... old Global Grid conference
http://www.ggf.org/ggf_events_past_11.htm
where I was invited to give a talk on (distributed) authentication
http://forge.ggf.org/sf/go/doc12899;jsessionid=E86ACAF7A29F2E1FC2575AD0CD04E39E?nav=1

here was washington ... boards initially for pc/xt ... and later also available for pc/at. I got blamed for 6m slip in washington schedule because I showed bad page thrashing ... and they had to increase amount of available 370 storage (there were also several other issues) Later there was a74. Old A74 item:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#email880622

Also the PROFS group had used a copy of very early VMSG for the email client. When the author of VMSG offered a better version, they tried to get him fired (they had claimed responsibility for everything in PROFS). It all quieted down after the VMSG author showed that every PROFS email in the world had his initials in non-displayed header. After that the VMSG author limited source distribution to me and one other person. old email mentioning vmsg
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#vmsg

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Hardware failures (was Re: Scary Sysprogs ...)

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Hardware failures (was Re: Scary Sysprogs ...)
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 8 Jan 2014 06:58:59 -0800
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#23 Scary Sysprogs and educating those 'kids'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#24 Scary Sysprogs and educating those 'kids'

after transferring to San Jose Research ... I was allowed to wandering around other locations in the area. One of the places was the disk engineering and development labs. At the time, they had a fare number of IBM mainframes (they would get one of the earliest engineering mainframe processors ... usually #3 or #4 for starting disk testings ... aka needing to test engineering disks ... but also needing to test engineering mainframes with latest disks). At the time the machine rooms were running all the mainframes 7x24 around the clock, stand-alone testing schedules. At one time, they had tried to use MVS to have operating system environment and being able to do multiple concurrent testing ... however in that environment, MVS had 15min MTBF.

I offered to rewrite the I/O supervisor to make it bullet proof and never fail ... enabling on-demand, anytime, concurrent testing ... significantly improving disk development productivity. After that I would get sucked into diagnosing lots of development activity ... because frequently anytime there was any kind of problem ... they would accuse the software ... and I would get a call ... and have to figure out what the hardware problem was. old postsing about getting to play disk engineer in bldgs 14&15
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk

I did a write up of what was necessary to support the environment and happened to make reference to the MVS 15min MTBF ... which brought down the wrath of the MVS RAS group on my head ... they would have gotten me fired if they could figure out how (I had tried to work with them to improve MVS RAS ... but instead they turned it into an adversary situation).

A couple years later ... when 3380s starting to ship ... MVS system was hanging/failing (requiring re-IPL) in the FE 3380 error regression tests (typical errors expected to be found in customer installations) ... and in the majority of the cases, there was not even an indication of what was responsible for the failure (of course I had to be handling them all along ... since nearly all development was being done under systems I provided). old email from the period discussing MVS failures with FE 3380 error regression test:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007.html#email801015

3380s had been announced 11June1980
http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/storage/storage_3380.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The History of the Grid

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: The History of the Grid
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 08 Jan 2014 10:36:31 -0500
The History of the Grid: Comments invited
http://www.ianfoster.org/wordpress/2014/01/01/history-of-the-grid/

Grid Computing
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/401444/grid-computing/

we had been working with NSF and various players and were suppose to get $20M to tie together the NSF supercomputer centers ... then congress cut the funding and some other things happened ... eventually they released an RFP .... however internal politics prevented us from bidding ... director of NSF tried to help and wrote a letter to the company (copying the CEO) ... but that just made the internal politics worse (as did comment about what we already had running was at least 5yrs ahead of all RFP responses). Some old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#nsfnet

and for little other topic drift

Warnings for the U.S. military about innovation and the information age: The Pentagon looks like a minicomputer firm
http://ricks.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2014/01/07/a_warnings_for_the_us_military_about_innovation_and_the_information_age_the_pentago

This is an old post with a decade of vax sales, sliced&diced by model, year, US/non-US
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#0

which shows towards the end of the 80s, workstations & large PCs were starting to take over the mid-range market. Note that IBM 4300s sold in similar numbers into the low/mid-range market for orders of single or small numbers ... the difference being additional large corporation multi-hundred 4300 orders that went out into departmental areas ... sort of the leading edge of the distributed computing tsunami. The 4361/4381 (follow-on to the 4331/4341) was expecting to see similar explosion in sales ... but by that time, that market was already starting to move to workstations and large PCs. misc. old 4300 email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#43xx

for a little USAF ... one of the old emails is about AFDS coming by to talk about 20 4341s ... but then morphed into 210 4341s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#email790404b

for even more drift ... old Global Grid conference
http://www.ggf.org/ggf_events_past_11.htm
where I was invited to give a talk on (distributed) authentication
https://forge.ogf.org/sf/go/doc12899%3bjsessionid=E86ACAF7A29F2E1FC2575AD0CD04E39E?nav=1

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Hardware failures (was Re: Scary Sysprogs ...)

From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Hardware failures (was Re: Scary Sysprogs ...)
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 8 Jan 2014 07:59:56 -0800
john.archie.mckown@GMAIL.COM (John McKown) writes:
Back in the z890 days, we had a CPU fail. Of course, the hardware automatically recovered and we only knew about it due to a logrec record being written and a message on the HMC. We also had one of our OSAs fail. The second OSA did an ARP takeover (proper term?) and we suffered _no_ user interruption. The LAN people _refused_ to believe that the OSA could fail that way without disrupting all the IP sessions of the users on that OSA. Apparently when a multi-NIC PC has a NIC fail, all the IP sessions on that NIC die immediately (well, they time out).

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#23 Scary Sysprogs and educating those 'kids'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#24 Scary Sysprogs and educating those 'kids'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#27 Hardware failures (was Re: Scary Sysprogs ...)

we did IP-address take-over (ARP cache times out and remaps ip-address to a different MAC address) in HA/CMP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

however at the time, most vendors used bsd reno/tahoe 4.3 software for their tcp/ip stack ... and there was a "bug" in the 4.3 code (and therefor in nearly every machine out there).

the bug was in the ip layer ... it saved the previous response from call to ARP cache ... and if the next IP operation was for the same ip-address, it used the saved value (and bypassed calling arp cache handler). ARP cache protocol requires that the saved ip-address/mac-address mapping in the ARP cache times-out and a new ARP operation has to be done to discover the corresponding MAC address (for that ip-address). However, the "saved" mac address had no such time-out.

In a strongly oriented client/server environment when the client primarily does majority of its tcp/ip to the same server (ip-address) ... it could go for long periods of time w/o changing ip-addresses. As a result a server doing ip-address takeover to a different LAN/MAC address wouldn't be noticed by such clients. We had to come up with all sorts of hacks to smear ip-address traffic across the environment ... trying to force clients to reset their ip-address to mac-address mapping.

There is separate gimmick which involves MAC-address spoofing ... i.e. in theory every MAC-addresses are unique created at manufacturing time ... however some number of adapters have been given the ability to soft reset their MAC-address (so if one adapter fails ... another adapter can spoof the failed adapter).

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Criminal Action Is Expected for JPMorgan in Madoff Case

From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: Criminal Action Is Expected for JPMorgan in Madoff Case
Date: 08 Jan 2014
Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and Security
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#35 Criminal Action Is Expected for JPMorgan in Madoff Case
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#14 Criminal Action Is Expected for JPMorgan in Madoff Case

Executives spared in JPMorgan's $2 billion Madoff deal: sources
http://www.nbcnews.com/business/jpmorgan-chase-set-reach-billion-dollar-settlement-over-madoff-case-2D11866371

Interview on business TV is that JPMorgan is effectively on probation and constantly monitored and they reserve the right to bring criminal charges in the future if JPMorgan falters. There was comment that frequently when criminal charges are brought, people stop doing business with the institution leading to institution failure (sounds like too big to prosecute, too big to jail, too big to fail)

JP Morgan Pulled $275 Million Of Its Own Money From Madoff Feeder Funds Months Before His Arrest
http://www.businessinsider.com/jpm-knew-madoff-was-a-fraud-said-nothing-2014-1

from above:
What is clear from Bharara's description of the bank's relationship with Madoff, is that JP Morgan was aware of the Ponzi scheme before Madoff's arrest.

... snip ...

JPMorgan Agrees To Pay $1.7 Billion To Bernie Madoff Victims
http://www.businessinsider.com/jpmorgan-to-pay-17-billion-2014-1

posts mentioning Madoff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#madoff
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Hardware failures (was Re: Scary Sysprogs ...)

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Hardware failures (was Re: Scary Sysprogs ...)
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 8 Jan 2014 13:41:01 -0800
Efinnell15@AOL.COM (Ed Finnell) writes:
IIRC the 360/50's didn't have parity checking CPU buss. Long story short CE told me in early 80's CE overtime dropped 50% with intro of 370' and another 50% when 303x's were withdrawn.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#23 Scary Sysprogs and educating those 'kids'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#24 Scary Sysprogs and educating those 'kids'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#27 Hardware failures (was Re: Scary Sysprogs ...)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#29 Hardware failures (was Re: Scary Sysprogs ...)

303x's were mostly 370s. they took the integrated channel microcode from the 370/158 and created the 303x channel director (158 microcode engine with just the integrated channel microcode and w/o the 370 microcode).

a 3031 was a 370/158 engine with the 370 microcode (and w/o the integrated channel microcde) and a 2nd (channel director) 370/158 engine with the integrated channel microcode (and w/o the 370 microcode).

a 3032 was a 370/168 reconfigured to work with channel director

a 3033 started out being 370/168 logic mapped to 20% faster chips ... some other optimization eventually got it up to about 50% faster than 168.

CE had machine diagnostic service process that required being able to "scope". The 3081 had chips packaged inside TCM (thermal conduction module) and couldn't be scoped. To support CE service process, the TCMs had a bunch of probes connected to a service processor. CEs then had (bootstrap) diiagnostic service process that could diagnose/scope a failing service processor ... and then use a working service processor to diagnose the rest of the machine. TCM
http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/vintage/vintage_4506VV2137.html
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_Conduction_Module#Mainframes_and_supercomputers

other comments about 3033 & 3081 ... being part of the q&d effort to get machines back into the product pipeline after the failure of the Future System effort:
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm

the 3090 started out with 4331 running a highly modified version of release 6 vm370/cms as the service processor (with all the menu screens done in cms ios3270). This was upgraded to a pair of 4361s (with probes into TCMs for diagnosing problems). reference to 3092 (service controller) needing a pair of 3370 fixed-block architecture disks .... i.e. the system disks for the vm/4361s (aka even for a "pure" MVS installation ... where MVS never had any 3370/FBA support)
http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP3090.html

more ... although following says 3090 in 1984 ... but 3090 wasn't announced until feb 1985 (see above):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_Conduction_Module#Mainframes_and_supercomputers

old email mentioning 3092
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#email861031
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#email861223

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

NSA Insiders Reveal What Went Wrong

From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: NSA Insiders Reveal What Went Wrong
Date: 08 Jan 2014
Blog: Facebook
NSA Insiders Reveal What Went Wrong
http://truth-out.org/news/item/21089-nsa-insiders-reveal-what-went-wrong
NSA Insiders Reveal What Went Wrong
http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/mike-friends-blog/nsa-insiders-reveal-what-went-wrong

old Success Of Failure article from 2007 on what went wrong:
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/

supposedly afterwards congress put the agency on probation and not allowed to manage its own projects

posts mentioning Success Of Failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Warnings for the U.S. military about innovation and the information age: The Pentagon looks like a minicomputer firm

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: Warnings for the U.S. military about innovation and the information age: The Pentagon looks like a minicomputer firm
Date: 08 Jan 2014
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.facebook.com/lynn.wheeler/posts/10202297442973094
also
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#26 Warnings for the U.S. military about innovation and the information age: The Pentagon looks like a minicomputer firm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#28 The History of the Grid

Warnings for the U.S. military about innovation and the information age: The Pentagon looks like a minicomputer firm
http://ricks.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2014/01/07/a_warnings_for_the_us_military_about_innovation_and_the_information_age_the_pentago

This is an old post with a decade of vax sales, sliced&diced by model, year, US/non-US
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#0

which shows towards the end of the 80s, workstations & large PCs were starting to take over the mid-range market. Note that IBM 4300s sold in similar numbers into the low/mid-range market for orders of single or small numbers ... the difference being additional large corporation multi-hundred 4300 orders that went out into departmental areas ... sort of the leading edge of the distributed computing tsunami. The 4361/4381 follow-on to the 4331/4341 was expecting to see similar explosion in sales ... but by that time, that market was already starting to move to workstations and large PCs. misc. old 4300 email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#43xx

for a little USAF ... one of the old emails is about AFDS coming by to talk about 20 4341s ... but then morphed into 210 4341s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#email790404b

for even more drift ... old Global Grid conference
http://www.ggf.org/ggf_events_past_11.htm
where I was invited to give a talk on (distributed) authentication
https://forge.ogf.org/sf/go/doc12899%3bjsessionid=E86ACAF7A29F2E1FC2575AD0CD04E39E?nav=1

There was washington ... boards initially for pc/xt ... and later also available for pc/at. I got blamed for 6m slip in washington schedule because I showed bad page thrashing ... and they had to increase amount of available 370 storage (there were also several other issues) Later there was a74. Old A74 item:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#email880622

Also the PROFS group had used a copy of very early VMSG for the email client. When the author of VMSG offered a better version, they tried to get him fired (they had claimed responsibility for everything in PROFS). It all quieted down after the VMSG author showed that every PROFS email in the world had his initials in non-displayed header. After that the VMSG author limited source distribution to me and one other person. some old email mentioning vmsg
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#vmsg

I originally did paged-mapped filesystem for cp67/cms and then ported to vm370. PAM also included a bunch of enhancements to shared segments (which have little effect in single user environment). A small subset of the shared segment support was released in VM370 release 3 as DCSS. Also in multi-user mainframe environment ... the PAM support had a bunch of heuristics about either page faulting individual pages or pre-fetching some number of pages asynchronously. As part of the pre-fetch ... there were also changes to CMS (executable image) module generation for contiguous allocation ... for efficiently loading in single i/o operation. whole bunch of other efficiencies from page-mapped filesystem compared to i/o simulation. misc. past posts mentioning paged mapped filesystem
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#mmap
some old email about moving from cp67 to vm370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#email731212
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430

this was in the Future System period at the company when 370 efforts were being suspended or terminated (FS was going to completely replace 370, the dearth of 370 products during this period is credited with giving the clone processors a market foothold).

During FS, I continued to work on 360&370 stuff and periodically ridicule FS (which wasn't exactly career enhancing activity) and my csc/vm distribution was used by large number of internal datacenters. When FS finally imploded, there was mad rush to get products back into the 370 pipeline ... which contributed to decision to pickup some of my work for release in product. misc. past posts mentioning FS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The invincible JP Morgan

From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: The invincible JP Morgan
Date: 09 Jan 2014
Blog: Google+
re:
https://plus.google.com/102794881687002297268/posts/4GKjAeKSiji

The invincible JP Morgan
http://blogs.reuters.com/felix-salmon/2014/01/08/the-invincible-jp-morgan/

from above:
They chose not to notice the movement of $6.8 BILLION out of one of Madoff's accounts over the course of one month. For context, in reporting my marijuana banking story, I learned that pot-related businessmen lucky enough to get "wink and a nod" bank accounts are advised to keep their transactions below $3,000 to avoid triggering a red flag.

... snip ...

Interview on business TV claimed that JPMorgan is effectively on probation and constantly monitored and they reserve the right to bring criminal charges in the future if JPMorgan falters. There was comment that frequently when criminal charges are brought, people stop doing business with the institution leading to institution failure. Sounds like too big to prosecute, too big to jail, too big to fail ... and that spin may just be obfuscation and misdirection. There have been past articles about too-big-to-fail institutions repeatedly put on probation and threatened with prosecution for the exact same offenses ... which they repeatedly violate and nothing happens.

JP Morgan Pulled $275 Million Of Its Own Money From Madoff Feeder Funds Months Before His Arrest
http://www.businessinsider.com/jpm-knew-madoff-was-a-fraud-said-nothing-2014-1

from above:
What is clear from Bharara's description of the bank's relationship with Madoff, is that JP Morgan was aware of the Ponzi scheme before Madoff's arrest.

... snip ...

posts mentioning Madoff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#madoff
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture
posts mentioning too big to fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

500 Years of History Shows that Mass Spying Is Always Aimed at Crushing Dissent

From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: 500 Years of History Shows that Mass Spying Is Always Aimed at Crushing Dissent
Date: 09 Jan 2014
Blog: Facebook
re:
https://www.facebook.com/lynn.wheeler/posts/10202310595381896

500 Years of History Shows that Mass Spying Is Always Aimed at Crushing Dissent
http://www.zerohedge.com/contributed/2014-01-09/500-years-history-shows-mass-spying-always-aimed-crushing-dissent

and to go along with it

The primary function of the FBI is national security: Agency drops 'law enforcement' as top priority from its mission statement
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2534612/The-primary-function-FBI-national-security-Agency-finally-drops-law-enforcement-priority-mission-statement.html

posts mentioning Success of Failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 10 Jan 2014 10:11:45 -0500
hancock4 writes:
Thanks for the reference for the Church Committee.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#20 Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday

recent reference mentions they also spied on Church

500 Years of History Shows that Mass Spying Is Always Aimed at Crushing Dissent
http://www.zerohedge.com/contributed/2014-01-09/500-years-history-shows-mass-spying-always-aimed-crushing-dissent

and to go along with it

The primary function of the FBI is national security: Agency drops 'law enforcement' as top priority from its mission statement
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2534612/The-primary-function-FBI-national-security-Agency-finally-drops-law-enforcement-priority-mission-statement.html

and

NSA Insiders Reveal What Went Wrong
http://truth-out.org/news/item/21089-nsa-insiders-reveal-what-went-wrong
NSA Insiders Reveal What Went Wrong
http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/mike-friends-blog/nsa-insiders-reveal-what-went-wrong

old Success Of Failure article from 2007 on what went wrong:
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/

in the Success Of Failure case, congress put the agency on probation and not allowed to manage its own projects. the whistleblowers reported problems to congress (and no public release of classified material) ... but the agency still used the traitor charges (as in recent case; aka but in no way justified ... worst possible would be threat to bureaucrats' careers) ... which were eventually dropped.

posts mentioning Success Of Failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
posts mentioning whistleblowers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower

other posts in thread
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#18 Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#19 Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#22 Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#23 Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#24 Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#61 Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#62 Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Subject Unicode

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler)
Subject: Re: Subject Unicode
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: 10 Jan 2014 07:33:20 -0800
historical reference 1960-1979
https://web.archive.org/web/20180513184025/http://www.bobbemer.com/REGISTRY.HTM

ibm major driver behind all this
https://web.archive.org/web/20180513184025/http://www.bobbemer.com/ZACHERLY.HTM

however, Learson had problem and made decision to temporarily go with EBCDIDC w/o realizing what he had done ("The Biggest Computer Goof Ever") ... and the company got stuck with it
https://web.archive.org/web/20180513184025/http://www.bobbemer.com/P-BIT.HTM

lots of other history
https://web.archive.org/web/20180513184025/http://www.bobbemer.com/HISTORY.HTM

recent posts mentioning Bob Bemer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#19 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#21 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#22 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 10 Jan 2014 12:30:51 -0500
Peter Flass <Peter_Flass@Yahoo.com> writes:
Stalin simply ordered the factories to be dismantled and re-assembled farther east, out of range. You can't say a dictatorship can't be efficient when it has to. I can't recall if he started moving things before or after the German invasion.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#70 OT: "Highway Patrol" back on TV

ww2, 3/4ths of german military resources deployed against russia and 2/3rds of japanese resources deployed on mainland china ... significantly reduced what the rest of the allies had to contend with.

also
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#10 The Knowledge Economy Two Classes of Workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#60 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#77 What Makes collecting sales taxes Bizarre?

recently the boyd groups ... there has been some discussion of german that inspired Boyd
http://feraljundi.com/5434/building-snowmobiles-general-hermann-balck-the-german-that-inspired-boyd/

references

The Greatest German General No One Ever Heard Of
http://www.historynet.com/the-greatest-german-general-no-one-ever-heard-of.htm

from above:
In December 1942 Hermann Balck wiped out a force ten times his size in the most brilliantly fought divisional battle in modern military histoy

... snip ...

and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Balck

also

Command Culture: Officer Education in the U.S. Army and the German Armed Forces, 1901-1940, and the Consequences for World War II
https://www.amazon.com/Command-Culture-Education-1901-1940-Consequences/dp/1574415336
PDF download
https://muse.jhu.edu/books/9781574413649
author recently gave talk here
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m7unu0fLYvc

the author also has been active in some recent social media discussions.

Boyd posts & references
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 10 Jan 2014 13:26:20 -0500
"Simple Simon" <ss345@nospam.com> writes:
It doesn't say anything like that

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Charter#British_Empire

And whatever it says, that didn't happen anyway. They all just got independence and the US tried to monster others like the French into not re-establishing their respective empires after the war had ended, particularly in SE asia. The US didn't even covet the german empire either.


however, London attempts to maintain financial advantages setting up cozy relationship between some of their formre smaller island nations and the city of london ... past reference in posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#3 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#26 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#0 copyright protection/Doug Englebart

one of the books talks about France setting up something similar with some of its former possessions.

also last spring there was large data dump leaked from one of the locations which has brought brighter spotlight
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#27 Secrecy for Sale: Inside the Global Offshore Money Maze
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#28 What Makes bank regulation and insurance Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#46 Secrecy for Sale: Inside the Global Offshore Money Maze
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#95 Secrecy for Sale: Inside the Global Offshore Money Maze
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#6 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#11 Secrecy for Sale: Inside the Global Offshore Money Maze
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#13 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#69 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#3 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#19 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#68 OT: NYT article--the rich get richer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#92 HSBC exposed in massive data leak in Belgium
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#97 ACA (Obamacare) website problems--article

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 10 Jan 2014 14:47:42 -0500
Patrick Scheible <kkt@zipcon.net> writes:
The U.S. didn't have any desire for an empire, just the ability for American companies to exploit specific mineral resources and cheap labor. Sort of empire-building on the cheap, with no responsibilty for good administration or a fair deal for its population.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#38 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#39 Royal Pardon For Turing

and other stuff ... i.e. the "banana republics" (including panama canal) ... china (along with several other countries like Great Britain) and the Philippines

post from year ago with following and several other references (in boyd group)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#26 Cultural attitudes towards failure

"Triumphant Plutocracy" also references Perpetual war ... I have couple quotes in this post over in Chet's blog:
http://slightlyeastofnew.com/2013/01/08/apres-moi-le-deluge/

but back to Teddy (from Triumphant Plutocracy) loc5390-94:
Roosevelt thereupon sent out navy and our marines to Colon, which is the port on the Gulf side of the Isthmus of Panama, and secretly notified the government of the State of Panama that, if they would set up a republic and revolt against the Republic of Colombia, he would give them the ten millions of dollars for the canal strip, and would also see that Colombia did not send any troops to suppress their rebellion. The Governor of Panama agreed to this arrangement, and, at the proper time, started a rebellion to set up an independent government

... snip ...

there are also quite a few other choice comments about Teddy.

from the Economist article:
A CENTURY ago the ideas of an American naval officer, Alfred Thayer Mahan -- pal of Teddy Roosevelt, inventor of the term "the Middle East", advocate of American expansionism in Asia and father of the modern American navy -- were much in vogue among military strategists and great-power leaders

... snip ...

"Mahan, Bean-Counting and Ideas"
http://thediplomat.com/the-naval-diplomat/2013/01/14/mahan-bean-counting-and-ideas/
Chasing ghosts; The notion that geography is power is making an unwelcome comeback in Asia
http://www.economist.com/node/13825154

this is contemporary of Mahan and member of congress ... has some things to say about both Teddy as well as US imperialism in the period "Triumphant plutocracy; the story of American public life from 1870 to 1920"
http://archive.org/details/triumphantpluto00pettrich
has description from viewpoint of congress in much of period covered by "War Is A Racket"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_Is_a_Racket
above also references
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpetual_war
also one of Spinney's themes The Domestic Roots of Perpetual War
http://chuckspinney.blogspot.com/p/domestic-roots-of-perpetual-war.html

and then there is economic hit man
https://www.amazon.com/Confessions-Economic-Hit-none-ebook/dp/B001AFF266/
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confessions_of_an_Economic_Hit_Man

posts mentioning perpetual war
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war
posts & references to Boyd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

other posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#63 21st Century Management approach?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#71 A question for the readership
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#80 The men who crashed the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#25 You may ask yourself, well, how did I get here?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#57 Study Confirms The Government Produces The Buggiest Software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#70 Disruptive Thinkers: Defining the Problem
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#70 The Army and Special Forces: The Fantasy Continues
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#81 GBP13tn: hoard hidden from taxman by global elite
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#45 If all of the American earned dollars hidden in off shore accounts were uncovered and taxed do you think we would be able to close the deficit gap?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#60 The IBM mainframe has been the backbone of most of the world's largest IT organizations for more than 48 years
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#83 Protected: R.I.P. Containment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#2 OT: Tax breaks to Oracle debated
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#15 Search Google, 1960:s-style
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#46 The China Threat: The MICC Pivots Obama Back to the Future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#57 How to Cut Megabanks Down to Size
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#98 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#7 How to Cut Megabanks Down to Size
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#25 What Makes bank regulation and insurance Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#78 Has the US Lost Its Grand Strategic Mind?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#63 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#69 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#80 The REAL Reason U.S. Targets Whistleblowers

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 10 Jan 2014 15:51:30 -0500
Patrick Scheible <kkt@zipcon.net> writes:
Germany was defeated and their army and government knew it. It's true that the western allies didn't actually have their armies in Germany, but Germany had nothing left to throw at them. Their civilian population was starving and even their army was hungry. Yes, Russia was finally out of the war, but American troops were just arriving and were well-supplied. The British blockade had gotten tighter and tighter and whatever food people had stashed away had been used up in the past four years. Prolonging the war would have been pointless.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#38 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#39 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#40 Royal Pardon For Turing

my wife's father was command of 1154th engineer combat group ... towards the end out in front ... and frequently highest ranking officer and acquired some number of german officer "daggers" in surrenders. He was also involved in liberating some number of camps. After the surrender he was offered a district area command ... but he turned it down (I conjecture what he saw in the camps played a factor).

Allied-occupied Germany
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allied-occupied_Germany

from above:
In the west, the occupation continued until May 5, 1955, when the General Treaty (German: Deutschlandvertrag) entered into force. However, upon the creation of the Federal Republic in May 1949, the military governors were replaced by civilian high commissioners, whose powers lay somewhere between those of a governor and those of an ambassador. When the Deutschlandvertrag became law, the occupation ended, the western occupation zones ceased to exist, and the high commissioners were replaced by normal ambassadors. West Germany was also allowed to build a military, and the Bundeswehr, or Federal Defense Force, was established on November 12, 1955.

... snip ...

i found his 1154 status reports in the national archives:
On 28 Apr we were put in D/S of the 13th Armd and 80th Inf Divs and G/S Corps Opns. The night of the 28-29 April we cross the DANUBE River and the next day we set-up our OP in SCHLOSS PUCHHOF (vic PUCHOFF); an extensive structure remarkable for the depth of its carpets, the height of its rooms, the profusion of its game, the superiority of its plumbing and the fact that it had been owned by the original financial backer of the NAZIS, Fritz Thyssen. Herr Thyssen was not at home.

Forward from the DANUBE the enemy had been very active, and an intact bridge was never seen except by air reconnaissance. Maintenance of roads and bypasses went on and 29 April we began constructing 835' of M-2 Tdwy Br, plus a plank road approach over the ISAR River at PLATTLING. Construction was completed at 1900 on the 30th. For the month of April we had suffered no casualties of any kind and Die Gotterdamerung was falling, the last days of the once mighty WEHRMACHT.


... snip ...

post with picture of some of the daggers on display
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#39 The first personal computer (PC)

a few years ago there was a breakin and nearly all the ww2 stuff was gone.

My wife's father then was sent to nanking to be adviser to generalissimo (and got to take his family with him) ... post with image of his "magic" id-card:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#38 The first personal computer (PC)

other past posts mentioning 1154:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#66 They always think we don't understand
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#10 OODA in highly stochastic environments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#52 An elusive command philosophy and a different command culture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#25 You may ask yourself, well, how did I get here?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#51 How would you succinctly desribe maneuver warfare?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#11 a clock in it, was Re: Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#16 a clock in it, was Re: Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#54 Singer Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#60 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#35 What Makes sorting so cool?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 10 Jan 2014 16:26:03 -0500
hancock4 writes:
Bush Jr portrayed Iraq as a country that desperated yearned from freedom under the yoke of Saddam and the citizry would welcome us like France did in WW II. That portrayal wasn't true. On the one hand, Saddam was indeed a ruthless blood thirsty dictator, but on the other hand, he overall kept the violence between various factions to a minimum. The removal of Saddam allowed all the factions to rise up and go to war against each other.

In hindsight, invading Iraq was a horrible blunder, probably the worst in US history. The US put a bunch of idiot idelogues in powerful positions which made things worse.

it amazed me that some folks called for the US to get involved in Syria and criticized Obama for doing nothing. But the US should avoid Syria like the plague. Both sides are nasty.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#38 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#39 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#40 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#41 Royal Pardon For Turing

Rumsfeld's War and Its Consequences Now
http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2013/dec/19/rumsfelds-war-and-its-consequences-now/

note two different (but not necessarily inconsistent) explanations for shuttling bush off to be director of cia 1) needed replacement director that would stop opposing team b analysis and 2) internal republican politics sidelining a rival.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Team_B
includes picture of Rumsfeld with Saddam & US support for Iraq
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran-Iraq_War
US support for Iraq
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_support_for_Iraq_during_the_Iran-Iraq_war
including supplying WMDs, chemical/biological weapons
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_support_for_Iraq_during_the_Iran-Iraq_war#Chemical_and_biological_exports
posts mentioning team b
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#team.b

this has an account of sat. photo recon analyst raising alarm that Iraq was marshaling forces to invade Kuwait and white house discrediting the analyst and saying Saddam would do no such thing. However, when he raised the alarm that Iraq was marshaling forces for invasion of Saudi Arabia that started to see serious response.
https://www.amazon.com/Long-Strange-Journey-Intelligence-ebook/dp/B004NNV5H2

then this century ... some claims are that planning for Iraq invasion started as soon as Bush2 took office (well before 9/11). note that the reagan presidential papers were about due to be released (under the presidential records act) and one of the first things that Bush2 did on taking office was executive order that kept the papers classified (would have also covered period that his father was VP).

Al-Qaeda-linked force captures Fallujah amid rise in violence in Iraq
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/al-qaeda-force-captures-fallujah-amid-rise-in-violence-in-iraq/2014/01/03/8abaeb2a-74aa-11e3-8def-a33011492df2_story.html

from the law of unintended consequences ... this details that invading forces were told to bypass weapon/ammo dumps to search for the (non-existent) WMDs ... when they went back ... something like million metric tons had disappeared ...
https://www.amazon.com/Fiasco-American-Military-Adventure-ebook/dp/B004IATD6U/

pg 145:
Heavily reinforced trucks were eventually introduced as countermeasure to (smaller) IEDs, insurgents then started adding large artillery shells (from the bunkers) to the IEDs.

... snip ...

including taking out Abrams M1 tanks

A son-in-law was 2004-2005 Fellujah and 2007-2008 Baqubah ... accounts have Baqubah much worse than Fallujah.
https://www.amazon.com/Battle-Baqubah-Killing-Our-ebook/dp/B007VBBS9I/

loc5243-54:
I was overwhelmed at the amount of destruction that surrounded me. The sterile yard was about 150 meters wide by about 100 meters deep, and it was packed full of destroyed vehicles (words can't describe what I saw)

.... snip, and ...
I saw other Bradleys and M1 Abrams main battle tanks, the pride of the 1st Cavalry Division -- vehicles that, if back at Fort Hood, would be parked meticulously on line, tarps tied tight, gun barrels lined up, track line spotless, not so much as a drop of oil on the white cement. What I saw that day was row after row of mangled tan steel as if in a junkyard that belonged to Satan himself.

... snip ...

also (at the bottom hit the "previous" button to get the other parts)
http://www.michaelyon-online.com/index.php?option=com_content

This has woman presenting evidence that Iraq invasion justification was fabricated and they treated her really, really badly
https://www.amazon.com/Classified-Woman-The-Sibel-Edmonds-Story-ebook/dp/B007XY8INW/

then

Murdoch's NY Post Backs Michael Moore's Bush-Saudi 9/11 Claims
http://news.firedoglake.com/2013/12/16/murdochs-ny-post-backs-michael-moores-bush-saudi-911-claims/
Inside the Saudi 9/11 coverup
http://nypost.com/2013/12/15/inside-the-saudi-911-coverup/
9/11 Families 'Ecstatic' They Can Finally Sue Saudi Arabia
http://news.yahoo.com/9-11-families-39-ecstatic-39-finally-sue-222121660--abc-news-topstories.html

past posts mentioning Baqubah:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#21 The Age of Unsatisfying Wars
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#2 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#8 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#64 Early use of the word "computer"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#54 Singer Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#49 Cultural attitudes towards failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#86 A Matter of Mindset: Iraq, Sequestration and the U.S. Army
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#30 A Matter of Mindset: Iraq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#38 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#5 Lessons Learned from the Iraq War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#79 As an IBM'er just like the Marines only a few good men and women make the cut,
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#52 What Makes collecting sales taxes Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#60 What Makes collecting sales taxes Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#10 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#48 John Boyd's Art of War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#10 Why the Death of the Tank Is Greatly Exaggerated
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#13 Al-Qaeda-linked force captures Fallujah amid rise in violence in Iraq

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Elizabeth Warren Proposes New Bill to Expose Shady Back Room Settlements for Crooked Banks

From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: Elizabeth Warren Proposes New Bill to Expose Shady Back Room Settlements for Crooked Banks
Date: 10 Jan 2014
Blog: Google+
re:
https://plus.google.com/102794881687002297268/posts/UFXcVqZpm8m
https://plus.google.com/102794881687002297268/posts/THan59CjDxb

Elizabeth Warren Proposes New Bill to Expose Shady Back Room Settlements for Crooked Banks
http://aattp.org/elizabeth-warren-proposes-new-bill-to-expose-shady-back-room-settlements-for-crooked-banks/
My new bill to stop the back-room deals
http://elizabethwarren.com/blog/settlementsact

older article about citibank repeatedly violating the same laws, repeatedly settling with SEC and prohibited (promises not to) same illegal behavior ... but just keeps on
http://dealbreaker.com/2011/11/maybe-this-time-citi-actually-will-stop-violating-securities-laws-but-dont-hold-your-breath/

posts mentioning too big to fail (too big to prosecute, too big to jail)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail

note that the too big to fail have also been repeatedly caught money laundering for terrorists and drug cartels and they are asked to promise to stop doing it. posts mentioning money laundering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#money.laundering

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 12 Jan 2014 11:53:39 -0500
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#42 Royal Pardon For Turing

other dynasty

similar but different tale is from the 80s and the S&L crisis. The person in charge of regulating S&Ls was asked by president to effectively remove all S&L oversight and he refused. He was then asked to resign so the president could appoint somebody that would go along. The replacement relaxed, removed and/or didn't bother to enforce regulations ... enabling the looting of S&Ls. Bush2's father was point person in administration charged with dealing with oversight enabling the looting of S&Ls. Afterwards, the replacement regulator was given a job on wallstreet as reward that made him very wealthy. Bush2's brother also played a major role in looting a S&L. This goes into lot more detail
https://www.amazon.com/Two-Trillion-Dollar-Meltdown-Rollers-ebook/dp/B0097DE7DM/
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savings_and_loan_crisis
also involved
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_K._Black
more on family involvement
http://critcrim.org/critpapers/potter.htm

long-winded post from Jan1999 that gets into parts of the subject (and portends the problems last decade)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay3.htm#riskm

past post in thread
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#38 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#39 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#40 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#41 Royal Pardon For Turing

past posts mentioning "two trillion dollar meltdown" &/or "savings and load crisis"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#49 Value of an old IBM PS/2 CL57 SX Laptop
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008e.html#59 independent appraisers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008f.html#13 independent appraisers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008f.html#71 Bush - place in history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008f.html#79 Bush - place in history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008f.html#86 Banks failing to manage IT risk - study
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#4 CDOs subverting Boyd's OODA-loop
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#51 IBM CEO's remuneration last year ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#57 Credit crisis could cost nearly $1 trillion, IMF predicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#59 Credit crisis could cost nearly $1 trillion, IMF predicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#64 independent appraisers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#1 subprime write-down sweepstakes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#8a Using Military Philosophy to Drive High Value Sales
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#28 subprime write-down sweepstakes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#32 subprime write-down sweepstakes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#48 subprime write-down sweepstakes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#49 subprime write-down sweepstakes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#89 Credit Crisis Timeline
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#4 A Merit based system of reward -Does anybody (or any executive) really want to be judged on merit?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#30 subprime write-down sweepstakes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#64 Is the credit crunch a short term aberation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#77 Do you think the change in bankrupcy laws has exacerbated the problems in the housing market leading more people into forclosure?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#104 dollar coins
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008j.html#23 dollar coins
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008j.html#38 dollar coins
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008j.html#69 lack of information accuracy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008k.html#11 dollar coins
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008k.html#18 dollar coins
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008k.html#33 dollar coins
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#67 dollar coins
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#12 Fraud due to stupid failure to test for negative
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#26 Fraud due to stupid failure to test for negative
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#92 Blinkylights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#95 Blinkylights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#99 Blinkylights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#14 Blinkylights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#24 Blinkylights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#37 Success has many fathers, but failure has the US taxpayer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#49 VMware Chief Says the OS Is History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#56 VMware Chief Says the OS Is History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#69 Another quiet week in finance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#74 Why can't we analyze the risks involved in mortgage-backed securities?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#14 Blinkylights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#15 Financial Crisis - the result of uncontrolled Innovation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#18 Once the dust settles, do you think Milton Friedman's economic theories will be laid to rest
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#19 What's your view of current global financial / economical situation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#26 SOX (Sarbanes-Oxley Act), is this really followed and worthful considering current Financial Crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#28 Does anyone get the idea that those responsible for containing this finanical crisis are doing too much?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#39 The human plague
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#52 Why is sub-prime crisis of America called the sub-prime crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#65 Can the financial meltdown be used to motivate sustainable development in order to achieve sustainable growth and desired sustainability?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#75 In light of the recent financial crisis, did Sarbanes-Oxley fail to work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#78 Who murdered the financial system?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#80 Can we blame one person for the financial meltdown?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#82 Greenspan testimony and securization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008p.html#8 Global Melt Down
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008p.html#9 Do you believe a global financial regulation is possible?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008p.html#47 In Modeling Risk, the Human Factor Was Left Out
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008p.html#60 Did sub-prime cause the financial mess we are in?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#11 Blinkenlights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#19 Collateralized debt obligations (CDOs)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#20 How is Subprime crisis impacting other Industries?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#26 Blinkenlights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#57 Blinkenlights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#67 What is securitization and why are people wary of it ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#23 Garbage in, garbage out trampled by Moore's law
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#35 Is American capitalism and greed to blame for our financial troubles in the US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#55 Is this the story behind the crunchy credit stuff?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#63 CROOKS and NANNIES: what would Boyd do?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#1 Are Both The U.S. & UK on the brink of debt disaster?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#78 How to defeat new telemarketing tactic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#79 How to defeat new telemarketing tactic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#6 How to defeat new telemarketing tactic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#18 How to defeat new telemarketing tactic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#32 How to defeat new telemarketing tactic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#39 'WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE GLOBAL MELTDOWN'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#61 Accounting for the "greed factor"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#65 is it possible that ALL banks will be nationalized?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#65 Just posted third article about toxic assets in a series on the current financial crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#27 Flawed Credit Ratings Reap Profits as Regulators Fail Investors
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#46 What's your personal confidence level concerning financial market recovery?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#59 Credit cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#13 UK issues Turning apology (and about time, too)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#47 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#26 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010d.html#56 search engine history, was Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#84 The 2010 Census
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#22 In the News: SEC storms the 'Castle'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#7 The Enablers for this "Real Estate Crisis"- Willful Blindness, Greed or more?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#79 Favourite computer history books?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#84 Idiotic programming style edicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#6 taking down the machine - z9 series
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#29 Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#38 Who is Really to Blame for the Financial Crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#40 Who is Really to Blame for the Financial Crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#8 Who is Really to Blame for the Financial Crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#9 Who is Really to Blame for the Financial Crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#33 Idiotic programming style edicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#38 Idiotic programming style edicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#21 Compressing the OODA-Loop - Removing the D (and maybe even an O)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#24 What Is MERS and What Role Does It Have in the Foreclosure Mess?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#6 What banking is. (Essential for predicting the end of finance as we know it.)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#28 A small amount of Evidence. (In which, the end of banking and the rise of markets is suggested.)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#45 TCM's Moguls documentary series
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#78 TCM's Moguls documentary series
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#49 What do you think about fraud prevention in the governments?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#94 The Curly Factor -- Prologue
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#27 The Zippo Lighter theory of the financial crisis (or, who do we want to blame?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#42 Productivity And Bubbles
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#59 Productivity And Bubbles
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#25 The first personal computer (PC)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#41 On Protectionism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#48 On Protectionism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#60 In your opinon, what is the highest risk of financial fraud for a corporation ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#74 The first personal computer (PC)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#43 Massive Fraud, Common Crime, No Prosecutions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#66 Bank email archives thrown open in financial crash report
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#76 The Two Trillion Dollar Meltdown: Easy Money, High Rollers, and the Great Credit Crash
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#40 Delinquent Homeowners to Get Mortgage Aid from Government
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#19 Happy 100th Birthday, IBM!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#21 Happy 100th Birthday, IBM!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#24 Happy 100th Birthday, IBM!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#7 Innovation and iconoclasm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#24 rating agencies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#35 Advice from Richard P. Feynman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#38 Advice from Richard P. Feynman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#60 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#66 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#14 computer bootlaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#18 computer bootlaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#49 The men who crashed the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#67 The debt fallout: How Social Security went "cash negative" earlier than expected
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#73 Did You Hear the One About the Bankers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#82 The men who crashed the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#37 Civilization, doomed?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#41 Civilization, doomed?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#84 A Conversation with Peter Thiel
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#37 US real-estate has lost $7T in value
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#44 New Citigroup Looks Too Much Like the Old One
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#5 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#16 IBM cuts more than 1,000 U.S. Workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#20 Are mothers naturally better at OODA because they always have the Win in mind?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#75 Fed Report: Mortgage Mess NOT an Inside Job
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#80 The Failure of Central Planning
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#6 Adult Supervision
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#71 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#76 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#1 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#41 Lawmakers reworked financial portfolios after talks with Fed, Treasury officials
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#65 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#43 Core characteristics of resilience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#89 Auditors Don't Know Squat!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#56 General Mills computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#71 General Mills computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#3 General Mills computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#12 Why Auditors Fail To Detect Frauds?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#7 Beyond the 10,000 Hour Rule
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#69 Can Open Source Ratings Break the Ratings Agency Oligopoly?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#73 These Two Charts Show How The Priorities Of US Companies Have Gotten Screwed Up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#49 Insider Fraud: What to Monitor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#68 Choice of Mary Jo White to Head SEC Puts Fox In Charge of Hen House
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#44 Adair Turner: A New Debt-Free Money Advocate
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#50 How to Cut Megabanks Down to Size
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#25 Senator Sherrod Brown Drops a Bombshell in Mary Jo White's Hearing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#64 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#68 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#70 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#86 What Makes a thread about the European debt crisis Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#65 OT: "Highway Patrol" back on TV
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#18 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#61 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#73 Why DOJ Deemed Bank Execs Too Big To Jail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#80 Why DOJ Deemed Bank Execs Too Big To Jail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#26 The agency problem and how to create a criminogenic environment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#29 The agency problem and how to create a criminogenic environment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#32 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#35 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#41 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#43 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#52 The agency problem and how to create a criminogenic environment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#54 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#57 The agency problem and how to create a criminogenic environment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#59 John Boyd's Art of War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#67 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#86 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#87 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#2 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#8 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#9 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#57 What the Orgy of "Lehman Five Years On" Stories Missed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#58 OT: NYT article--the rich get richer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#1 OT: NYT article--the rich get richer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#28 The Reformers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#87 Logics of Transformation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#31 The Mortgage Wars: Inside Fannie Mae, Big-Money Politics, and the Collapse of the American Dream

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 12 Jan 2014 18:54:47 -0500
hancock4 writes:
When a company goes bankrupt, I don't understand why pension obligations are so far down the "pecking order" in who gets paid off. I would think they'd should be at the top. Of course, more and more copanies no longer offer pensions, so it won't even be a problem.

When the Penn Central railroad went bankrupt, the biggest corporate bankruptcy up to that time, AFAIK the pensions were fully protected. But when the airlines all filed for bankruptcy (and somehow managed to keep flying), they dumped their pension obligations on the govt agency.


on of the things that happened was lots of lobbying to change how pension funds were treated ... lots of big corporations were part of this lobbying. as a result pension plans could become part of bankruptcy settlement. past afc post/discussion
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#24 Happy DEC-10 Day

some additional ibm specific items
https://web.archive.org/web/20181019074906/http://www.ibmemployee.com/RetirementHeist.shtml
from this recent book about lots of details about different ways corporations came up with for raiding pension plans
https://www.amazon.com/Retirement-Heist-Companies-American-ebook/dp/B003QMLC6K

recent references
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#60 Retirement Heist
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#63 OT: NYT article--the rich get richer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#4 OT: NYT article--the rich get richer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#6 Voyager 1 just left the solar system using less computing powerthan your iP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#12 OT: NYT article--the rich get richer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#24 Voyager 1 just left the solar system using less computing powerthan your iP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#53 Retirement Savings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#61 IBM now employs more workers in India than US
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#85 How do you feel about IBM passing off it's retirees to ObamaCare?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#1 IBM board OK repurchase of another $15B of stock
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#96 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#15 IBM Shrinks - Analysts Hate It

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

What Gates Didn't Get Done

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: What Gates Didn't Get Done
Date: 12 Jan 2014
Blog: Facebook
What Gates Didn't Get Done
http://breakingdefense.com/2011/06/what-gates-didnt-get-done/

Chuck over on Google+
https://plus.google.com/110894995972236585852/posts/3J1bdQMBiFM
over here Finally ... Some Accurate Perspectives on Gates' Self-Serving Memoir
http://chuckspinney.blogspot.com/2014/01/finally-some-accurate-perspectives-on.html

similar but different tale is from the 80s and the S&L crisis. The person in charge of regulating S&Ls was asked by president to effectively remove all S&L oversight and he refused. He was then asked to resign so the president could appoint somebody that would go along. The replacement relaxed, removed and/or didn't bother to enforce regulations ... enabling the looting of S&Ls. Bush2's father was point person in administration charged with dealing with oversight enabling the looting of S&Ls. Afterwards, the replacement regulator was given a job on wallstreet as reward that made him very wealthy. Bush2's brother also played a major role in looting a S&L. This goes into lot more detail
https://www.amazon.com/Two-Trillion-Dollar-Meltdown-Rollers-ebook/dp/B0097DE7DM/
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savings_and_loan_crisis
also involved
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_K._Black
more on family involvement
http://critcrim.org/critpapers/potter.htm

long-winded post from Jan1999 that gets into parts of the subject (and portends the problems last decade)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay3.htm#riskm

"National Insecurity" pg247, head of CIA Colby was resisting Team B fabrications, Ford removed Colby and appointed Bush1 as head of CIA who would embrace Team B fabrications. Later, pg248:
Casey and Gates combined to 'cook the books' on a variety of issues, including the Soviet Union, Central America, and Southwest Asia, tailoring intelligence estimates to support the military policies of the Reagan administration. After he left the CIA in 1993, Gates admitted that he had become accustomed to Casey 'fixing' intelligence to support policy on many issues. He did not describe his own role in support of Casey.

pg77:
Gates's confirmation hearings were the most contentious ever conducted for a CIA director because of his role in politicizing intelligence during his previous tours at CIA under Bill Casey. His nomination drew more negative votes (31) than all previous nominations for a CIA director combined. Bush was stunned at first to learn that the nomination of Gates was controversial within the Agency, but the White House recognized that its nominee was in trouble in the confirmation process.

pg191:
Eventually, President Bush realized he had been ill served by his vice president and his secretary of defense on important matters of national security. He replaced Rumsfeld with a loyal servant to the Bush family, Robert M. Gates, who quickly abandoned his support for troop withdrawal as a member of the Iraq Study Group in order to support the surge of forces in Iraq as a new member of the Bush administration. Bush couldn't replace Cheney, which would have been politically embarrassing, but he stopped taking his advice on matters involving use of force against Iran, Syria, and North Korea. But the damage had been done to U.S. foreign policy and to the national security bureaucracy. In the hands of Condi Rice, the State Department sank to a new low in prestige and influence. The Defense Department in the hands of Bob Gates became more self-aggrandizing in its accumulation of power and influence.

... snip ..

posts mentioning Team B
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#team.b

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

McCain: Send Petraeus back to Iraq

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From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: McCain: Send Petraeus back to Iraq
Date: 12 Jan 2014
Blog: Facebook
McCain: Send Petraeus back to Iraq
http://security.blogs.cnn.com/2014/01/12/mccain-send-petraeus-back-to-iraq/

The Myth of the Surge
http://www.counterpunch.org/2013/03/13/the-myth-of-the-surge/

"National Insecurity" pg247, head of CIA Colby was resisting Team B fabrications, Ford removed Colby and appointed Bush1 as head of CIA who would embrace Team B fabrications. Later, pg248:
Casey and Gates combined to 'cook the books' on a variety of issues, including the Soviet Union, Central America, and Southwest Asia, tailoring intelligence estimates to support the military policies of the Reagan administration. After he left the CIA in 1993, Gates admitted that he had become accustomed to Casey 'fixing' intelligence to support policy on many issues. He did not describe his own role in support of Casey.

... snip ...

"Myth of the Surge" has hiring Steele who Petraeus had known 20yrs earlier in El Salvador (there are a couple different Steeles that were in El Salvador) to go to Iraq. My son-in-law was Fallujah 2004-2005 and then Baqubah 2007-2008 ... claim is Baqubah was much worse than Fallujah ... but it doesn't get the same reporting because it conflicts with what the administration was spinning at the time.

account mentions Baqubah worse than Fallujah ... units that were in both
https://www.amazon.com/Battle-Baqubah-Killing-Our-ebook/dp/B007VBBS9I/
also
http://www.michaelyon-online.com/index.php?option=com_content
(at the bottom hit the "previous" button to get the other parts)

BBC documentary reveals American colonel who trained Iraqi torturers
http://www.occasionalplanet.org/2013/03/12/bbc-documentary-reveals-american-colonel-who-trained-iraqi-torturers
From El Salvador to Iraq: Washington's man behind brutal police squads
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/06/el-salvador-iraq-police-squads-washington
wiki
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Steele_%28US_Colonel%29
not to be confused with this Steele ... also in El Salvador
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_David_Steele

Note KKR & Carlyle are both major private equity companies that have been heavily involved in privatizing of parts of the government ... Carlyle had done reverse-IPO take-over of BAH ... which was employer of the most recent person involved in intelligence leaks ... the BBC/Guardian investigation says it was kicked off by Manning's leaks.

posts mentioning private equity companies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity

more than you ever wanted to know. Gerstner beats out competitor to be next CEO of AMEX, the looser leaves and takes his protege Jamie Dimon with him. KKR and AMEX are in competition for reverse-IPO of RJR, KKR wins but runs into trouble and hires Gerstner away to turn RJR around. IBM has gone into the red and is about to be broken up into the 13 "baby blues" when the board hires Gerstner away to turn it around and reverse the breakup. About this time AMEX spins off a large part of its dataprocessing as Firstdata (in the largest IPO up until that time). Firstdata merges with First Financial, acquiring Western Union (but has to divest MoneyGram). Gerstner leaves IBM to become head of Carlyle. Middle of last decade, the explosion in illegal workers sending paychecks home increase WU until it is half of Firstdata revenue. Firstdata corporate hdqtrs is lopped off, WU is spun off in IPO and KKR does a reverse-IPO of the remaining part of Firstdata (in the largest reverse-IPO up until that time, 15yrs after it was largest IPO). disclaimer: I'm chief scientist at firstdata attached to corporate hdqtrs and am collateral damage. The looser in the competition to be next CEO of AMEX has made several acquisitions along with his protege ... eventually acquiring Citibank in violation of Glass-Steagall. Greenspan gives him an exemption while he lobbies congress for repeal of the law ... enabling too big to fail. The protege leaves and is now head of JPMorgan. Carlyle does reverse-IPO of BAH. Spies Like Us
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us/

from above:
Private contractors like Booz Allen now reportedly garner 70 percent of the annual $80 billion intelligence budget and supply more than half of the available manpower.

... snip ...

How Booz Allen Hamilton Swallowed Washington
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-06-23/visualizing-how-booz-allen-hamilton-swallowed-washington

posts mentioning Gerstner
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
posts mentioning too big to fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail

NYTimes article about how private equity companies morphed last decade with the advent of cheap, nearly free money ... they borrow the money to buy the company, put the loan on the company's books and then flip the company ... since they don't need to pay off the loan, they can even sell the company for less than they paid and still make an enormous profit. More than half the corporate debt defaults have been companies currently or previously owned by private equity company
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/05/business/economy/05simmons.html?_r=0

These companies are under enormous pressure to cut corners in order to service the debt load. I've conjectured cutting corners (like security measures) might have played an issue in recent intelligence leaks. They may also not be above using intelligence assets for their own benefit.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 13 Jan 2014 09:32:39 -0500
"sna" <sna6345@gmail.com> writes:
Because that was how things were done there.

Same with health cover.

This belongs in a different company, just like you


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#45 Royal Pardon For Turing

oops that was finger slip
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#24 Happy DEC-10 Day

some indications that initial lobbying to change how pensions were treated ... was by private equity companies so they could loot the pension plans of the companies they would take over ... but it was also used by executives in large corporations to boost their compensations tied to various calculations. problem is once that wave passed thru the industry ... then they had to come up with other gimmicks to boost their compensations.

...

Gerstner beats out competitor to be next CEO of AMEX, the looser leaves and takes his protege Jamie Dimon with him. KKR and AMEX are in competition for reverse-IPO of RJR, KKR wins but runs into trouble and hires Gerstner away to turn RJR around. IBM has gone into the red and is about to be broken up into the 13 "baby blues" when the board hires Gerstner away to turn it around and reverse the breakup. About this time AMEX spins off a large part of its dataprocessing as Firstdata (in the largest IPO up until that time). Firstdata merges with First Financial, acquiring Western Union (but has to divest MoneyGram). Gerstner leaves IBM to become head of Carlyle. Middle of last decade, the explosion in illegal workers sending paychecks home increase WU until it is half of Firstdata revenue. Firstdata corporate hdqtrs is lopped off, WU is spun off in IPO and KKR does a reverse-IPO of the remaining part of Firstdata (in the largest reverse-IPO up until that time, 15yrs after it was largest IPO). The looser in the competition to be next CEO of AMEX has made several acquisitions along with his protege ... eventually acquiring Citibank in violation of Glass-Steagall. Greenspan gives him an exemption while he lobbies congress for repeal of the law ... enabling too big to fail. The protoge leaves and is now head of JPMorgan.

...

posts mentioning gerstner
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner

"Retirement Heist" references that Gerstner used it in the turn-around of RJR and then again with IBM. some ibm specific items
https://web.archive.org/web/20181019074906/http://www.ibmemployee.com/RetirementHeist.shtml
and
https://www.amazon.com/Retirement-Heist-Companies-American-ebook/dp/B003QMLC6K

NYTimes article about how private equity companies morphed last decade with the advent of cheap, nearly free money ... they borrow the money to buy the company, put the loan on the company's books and then flip the company ... since they don't need to pay off the loan, they can even sell the company for less than they paid and still make an enormous profit. More than half the corporate debt defaults have been companies currently or previously owned by private equity company
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/05/business/economy/05simmons.html?_r=0

These companies are under enormous pressure to cut corners in order to service the debt load. I've conjectured cutting corners (like security measures) might have played an issue in recent intelligence leaks. They may also not be above using intelligence assets for their own benefit.

posts mentioning private equity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity

Stockman in "The Great Deformation: The Corruption of Capitalism in America" stock buybacks are mini-form of private equity LBO pg457/loc9844-46:
The leader was ExxonMobil, which repurchased $160 billion of its own shares during 2004-2011. It was followed by Microsoft at $100 billion, IBM at $75 billion, and Hewlett-Packard, Proctor & Gamble, and Cisco with $50 billion each. Even the floundering shipwreck of merger mania known as Time Warner Inc. bought back $25 billion.

pg464/loc9995-10000:
IBM was not the born-again growth machine trumpeted by the mob of Wall Street momo traders. It was actually a stock buyback contraption on steroids. During the five years ending in fiscal 2011, the company spent a staggering $67 billion repurchasing its own shares, a figure that was equal to 100 percent of its net income.

pg465/10014-17:
Total shareholder distributions, including dividends, amounted to $82 billion, or 122 percent, of net income over this five-year period. Likewise, during the last five years IBM spent less on capital investment than its depreciation and amortization charges, and also shrank its constant dollar spending for research and development by nearly 2 percent annually.

... snip ...

and IBM board OK repurchase of another $15B of stock
http://phys.org/news/2013-10-ibm-board-repurchase-15b-stock.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 13 Jan 2014 10:05:50 -0500
Peter Flass <Peter_Flass@Yahoo.com> writes:
That's the way we're going too, with 401-K's. I'm not sure it's necessarily a better deal for the employees. I think that when IBM switched a lot of employees got shafted. Given that no one works anywhere for more than a few years it's probably a necessity.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#45 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#48 Royal Pardon For Turing

claims are that switch to 401-Ks was heavily lobbied for by wallstreet .... much bigger commissions on individual 401-Ks than what they were able to negotiate for with the large employee pension funds.

also note that the large employee pension funds had been prime target of the fabricated triple-A ratings on toxic CDOs the last decade (Oct2008 congressional hearings into the pivotal role that the rating agencies played in the economic mess ... that both the sellers and the rating agencies knew they were giving triple-A ratings to instruments that weren't worth triple-A).

securitized mortgages had been used during the S&L crisis to obfuscate fraudulent mortgages ... but w/o triple-A rating there was very limited market. Note in the late 90s, we were asked to look at improving the integrity of the supporting documents (in securitized mortgages) as coutermeasure to being used to obfuscate fraudulent mortgages. Being able to buy triple-A ratings trumped supporting documents (allowing no-documentation loans ... and w/o supporting documents there was no longer an issue of their integrity) ... besides enormously blowing-out the market that they could sell to i.e. large institution pension funds and sovereign wealth funds ... aka the large instition pension funds became attractive target for all sorts of interests ... analogous to the about why bank robbers rob banks ... because that is where the money is.

posts mentioning toxic CDOs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo

note with regard to why bank robbers rob banks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_K._Black
The Best Way to Rob a Bank is to Own One: How Corporate Executives and Politicians Looted the S&L Industry
https://www.amazon.com/Best-Way-Rob-Bank-Own-ebook/dp/B00H5B9Z80/

for some reason amazon is not showing kindle version currently available (I bought kindle version in the past).

from another recent post

tale from the 80s and the S&L crisis. The person in charge of regulating S&Ls was asked by president to effectively remove all S&L oversight and he refused. He was then asked to resign so the president could appoint somebody that would go along. The replacement relaxed, removed and/or didn't bother to enforce regulations ... enabling the looting of S&Ls. Bush2's father was point person in administration charged with dealing with oversight enabling the looting of S&Ls. Afterwards, the replacement regulator was given a job on wallstreet as reward that made him very wealthy. Bush2's brother also played a major role in looting a S&L. This goes into lot more detail
https://www.amazon.com/Two-Trillion-Dollar-Meltdown-Rollers-ebook/dp/B0097DE7DM/
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savings_and_loan_crisis
more on their family involvement
http://critcrim.org/critpapers/potter.htm

long-winded post from Jan1999 that gets into parts of the subject (and portends the problems last decade, that happened under Bush2 watch)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay3.htm#riskm

which came up in discussion of Gates recent book

"National Insecurity" pg247, head of CIA Colby was resisting Team B fabrications, Ford removed Colby and appointed Bush1 as head of CIA who would embrace Team B fabrications. Later, pg248:
Casey and Gates combined to 'cook the books' on a variety of issues, including the Soviet Union, Central America, and Southwest Asia, tailoring intelligence estimates to support the military policies of the Reagan administration. After he left the CIA in 1993, Gates admitted that he had become accustomed to Casey 'fixing' intelligence to support policy on many issues. He did not describe his own role in support of Casey.

pg77:
Gates's confirmation hearings were the most contentious ever conducted for a CIA director because of his role in politicizing intelligence during his previous tours at CIA under Bill Casey. His nomination drew more negative votes (31) than all previous nominations for a CIA director combined. Bush was stunned at first to learn that the nomination of Gates was controversial within the Agency, but the White House recognized that its nominee was in trouble in the confirmation process.

pg191:
Eventually, President Bush realized he had been ill served by his vice president and his secretary of defense on important matters of national security. He replaced Rumsfeld with a loyal servant to the Bush family, Robert M. Gates, who quickly abandoned his support for troop withdrawal as a member of the Iraq Study Group in order to support the surge of forces in Iraq as a new member of the Bush administration. Bush couldn't replace Cheney, which would have been politically embarrassing, but he stopped taking his advice on matters involving use of force against Iran, Syria, and North Korea. But the damage had been done to U.S. foreign policy and to the national security bureaucracy. In the hands of Condi Rice, the State Department sank to a new low in prestige and influence. The Defense Department in the hands of Bob Gates became more self-aggrandizing in its accumulation of power and influence.

... snip ..

posts mentioning Team B
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#team.b

recent posts mentioning "National Insecurity" book:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#28 A Matter of Mindset: Iraq, Sequestration and the U.S. Army
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#45 A Matter of Mindset: Iraq, Sequestration and the U.S. Army
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#93 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#98 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#5 Lessons Learned from the Iraq War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#7 How to Cut Megabanks Down to Size
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#5 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#53 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#54 NSA phone records
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#81 copyright protection/Doug Englebart
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#28 The Reformers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#80 The REAL Reason U.S. Targets Whistleblowers

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

"Death of the mainframe"

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: "Death of the mainframe"
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 13 Jan 2014 10:24:01 -0500
timcaffrey writes:
Sometimes I think Lynn has a automated reply system.

The x86 chips started to have a RISC like core starting with the 486 (released 1989), and the Pentium Pro introduced most of the high performance characteristics you talk about (branch prediction, speculative execution, out of order execution, L1 & L2 caches, etc.) and the was released in 1996 (well, late 95). So, you might want to update this entry to two decades, not just one.


sorry, shouldn't kept using single decade and making transition to two decades
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_instruction_set_architectures

AMD K5 ... (March 1996) Out-of-order execution, register renaming, speculative execution based on 29K RISC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMD_K5

P6/Pentuium Pro ... (Nov. 1996) Speculative execution, Register renaming, superscalar design with out-of-order execution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentium_Pro

posts in thread
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#64 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#65 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#68 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#69 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#71 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#72 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#73 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#75 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#80 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#10 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#18 "Death of the mainframe"

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The Hacker Who Cracked the Code in Iron Man and The Social Network

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: The Hacker Who Cracked the Code in Iron Man and The Social Network
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 13 Jan 2014 11:03:01 -0500
The Hacker Who Cracked the Code in Iron Man and The Social Network
http://www.wired.com/underwire/2014/01/movie-fake-code/

I was on business trip to the Madrid Science Center in the 80s ... visit and look at what they were doing including digitizing a lot of old records in preparation for columbus 1492 anniversary.

happened to go to movie theater and then had a short from the univ ... it was some sort of fiction that I didn't really follow ... but it had scenes with wall of TVs all scrolling text at 1200 baud. I managed to recognize it was vm370 kernel "loadmap" ... and standard loadmap includes comments which fixes were applied to which modules ... so was able to deduce the monthly service level of the kernel.

past posts mentioning madrid science center:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#14 Computer of the century
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#36 stupid user stories
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#39 CMS update
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004g.html#40 IBM 7094 Emulator - An historic moment?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#24 Need Help filtering out sporge in comp.arch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#5 computers on tv
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#6 computers on tv

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

IBM Wild Ducks

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From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: IBM Wild Ducks
Date: 13 Jan 2014
Blog: LinkedIn
Ferguson & Morris in their "Computer Wars: The Post-IBM World" has account of the effects of the failure of the future system effort in the 70s resulted in shift in the culture with top executives trying to save face (make no waves and sycophancy in place of open debate of the Watsons). posts mentioning future system
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

IBM's 100yr celebration putting out various items ... one was about wild ducks ... but it had been respun as wild duck customers (not employees).

In the early 80s, I met John Boyd and sponsored his briefings at IBM (some amount of "leadership" content). I originally tried to have it sponsored through employee education department. Initially they agreed, but as I supplied more information about Boyd, they changed their mind, that it wouldn't be appropriate for general employees and audience should be restricted to senior people in competitive analysis departments. They said that they spend large amounts on management education on how to handle general employees, and it would be counter productive to expose them to Boyd. posts (& references around web) mentioning Boyd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

In the mid-80s, senior management was predicting that IBM revenue was going to double ($60B to $120B) mostly on mainframe business and there was massive internal building program to double mainframe product manufacturing capacity (at the time, it was not career enhancing to point out that the business was already starting to move in the opposite direction and few short years later, the company goes into the red). At my executive exit interview in 1992, I was told they could have forgiven me for being wrong ... but they were never going to forgive me for being right.

past posts mentioning wild ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007b.html#38 'Innovation' and other crimes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007h.html#25 sizeof() was: The Perfect Computer - 36 bits?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#18 IT full of 'ducks'? Declare open season
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#30 IBM Centennial Film: Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#33 Happy 100th Birthday, IBM!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#79 Innovation and iconoclasm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#1 What is IBM culture?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#45 What is IBM culture?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#93 John R. Opel, RIP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#105 5 ways to keep your rockstar employees happy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#121 The Myth of Work-Life Balance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#59 Original Thinking Is Hard, Where Good Ideas Come From
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#72 Original Thinking Is Hard, Where Good Ideas Come From
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#3 Time to Think ... and to Listen
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#7 Leadership Trends and Realities: What Does Leadership Look Like Today
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#17 Hierarchy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#26 Top Ten Reasons Why Large Companies Fail To Keep Their Best Talent
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#19 SnOODAn: Boyd, Snowden, and Resilience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#23 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#24 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#26 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#28 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#31 History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#42 The IBM "Open Door" policy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#49 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#56 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#65 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#70 Long Strange Journey: An Intelligence Memoir
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#15 System/360--50 years--the future?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#16 System/360--50 years--the future?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#12 How do we fight bureaucracy and bureaucrats in IBM?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#49 A Complete History Of Mainframe Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#52 Bridgestone Sues IBM For $600 Million Over Allegedly 'Defective' System That Plunged The Company Into 'Chaos'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#72 In Command, but Out Of Control
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#3 Inside the Box People don't actually like creativity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#4 Inside the Box People don't actually like creativity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#68 "Death of the mainframe"

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Why the Target Breach Might Be Even Bigger: Big Data Means Big Breach

From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: Why the Target Breach Might Be Even Bigger: Big Data Means Big Breach
Date: 13 Jan 2014
Blog: Information Security
Why the Target Breach Might Be Even Bigger: Big Data Means Big Breach
http://www.tripwire.com/state-of-security/vulnerability-management/how-the-target-breach-can-be-even-bigger/

we were tangentially involved in the cal. state data breach legislation ... having been brought in to help wordsmith the cal. state electronic signature act. A lot of the participants were heavily involved in privacy issues and had done detailed, in-depth public surveys. The #1 issue was identity theft, primarily of the form of fraudulent financial transactions as the result of breaches and there was little or nothing being done about the breaches. An issue is normally an entity/institution takes security measures to protect themselves, In the case of the breaches, the institution wasn't at risk ... it was their customers. It was hoped that the publicity from the breach notifications would prompt breach countermeasures.

Note in the years since the cal. state breach notification act there have been numerous federal (state preemption) acts introduced ... about evenly divided between those similar to the cal. act and those that would effectively eliminate any requirement for notification

we've used a couple metaphors about the current situation

dual-use ... since information from previous transactions can be used for fraudulent transactions, that information has to be kept totally confidential and never divulged. at the same time the same information is required in dozens of business processes at millions of locations around the world. we've periodically commented that even if the planet was buried under miles of information hiding encryption, it still wouldn't stop leakage

security proportional to risk ... the value of the transaction information to the merchants is the profit on the transactions, which can be a couple dollars (and a couple cents for the transaction processor) ... the value of the information to the crooks is the account balance and/or credit limit ... as a result the crooks can afford to outspend the defenders by a factor of 100 times.

data breach
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification

posts mentioning "dual-use" &/or security proportional to risk
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#70 Four Sources of Trust, Crypto Not Scaling
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#94 public key, encryption and trust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#6 The 15 Worst Data Security Breaches of the 21st Century
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#11 The 15 Worst Data Security Breaches of the 21st Century
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#49 Do you know where all your sensitive data is located?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#63 Fans of Threat Modelling reach for their guns ... but can they afford the bullets?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#17 Data theft: Hacktivists 'steal more than criminals'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#95 Burroughs B5000, B5500, B6500 videos
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#91 Operating System, what is it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#7 Operating System, what is it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#47 Pirate Bay co-founder charged with hacking IBM mainframes, stealing money
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#32 The Vindication of Barb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#74 What Makes collecting sales taxes Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#90 Experts: Network security deteriorating, privacy a lost cause
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#22 Check out Moto X: Motorola reveals plans for ink and even pills to replace AL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#37 8080 BASIC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#45 U.S. agents 'got lucky' pursuing accused Russia master hackers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#46 Feds indict indentity theft ring
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#69 OSI: The Internet That Wasn't
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#90 copyright protection/Doug Englebart
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#17 Steve B sees what investors think
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#12 How the IETF plans to protect the web from NSA snooping
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#52 Secret contract tied NSA and security industry pioneer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#59 Target breach likely involved inside knowledge, experts say
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#66 Target breach likely involved inside knowledge, experts say
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#79 Would Target cybersecurity breach occur with a digital ID system?

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 13 Jan 2014 13:22:55 -0500
hancock4 writes:
One major disadvantage of going to an individual account is that most people are totally clueless on how to manage their personal pension investment, or even how to select a fund manager (such as picking a _decent_ mutual fund). There are a lot of "investment counselors" out there who don't know squat and are only interested in selling someone stuff they get a nice commission from, regardless of their actual merits.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#45 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#48 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#49 Royal Pardon For Turing

so both corporate executives and wallstreet wanting to loot the pension plans ... wallstreet by coming up with the triple-A rating con (institutional pension plans and sovereign wealth funds restricted in the investment grades that they were allowed to play in) as well as moving employees from large corporate plans to individual 401Ks.

more recently there are periodic articles that one of the motivations for FED holding the interest rates so low is to try and force individuals out of 401K "safe" investments (that aren't paying anything) into risky equities (the crash of last decade had severely decimated a lot of 401Ks ... but they are now starting to be replenished) ... however equities currently so inflated, claims higher than the last crash ... example
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-11-14/scotiabank-warns-yellen-has-ensured-equity-market-crash-inevitable

going along with that are articles that refute claims that the low interest rates have had little or no effect on business investments that create jobs. there was interview with Bernanke in 2009 where he claimed that giving "free" money to the too big to fail so they would turn around and invest in main street ... but they were buying treasuries instead (and using the proceeds to pay off their TARP loans and provide executive bonuses) ... Bernanke claimed he had no way of forcing the too big to fail to invest in main street (possibly he could have threatened to turn off the spigot of free money). past posts mentioning bernanke
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#bernanke
and too big to fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail

the other part is that over 70% of trades are now HFT ... using all sorts of tricks to game the system ... and is danger of driving investors out of the market (if investors leave, then the HFT skimming investors are just left banging their trades against other HFT).

a couple recent HFT references
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#53 Retirement Savings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#93 High Frequency Terrorism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#1 IBM board OK repurchase of another $15B of stock
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#15 Boyd Blasphemy: Justifying the F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#40 The Wall Street Code: HFT Whisteblower Haim Bodek on Algorithmic Trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#76 A Little More on the Computer

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 13 Jan 2014 13:38:53 -0500
Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
going along with that are articles that refute claims that the low interest rates have had little or no effect on business investments that create jobs. there was interview with Bernanke in 2009 where he claimed that giving "free" money to the too big to fail so they would turn around and invest in main street ... but they were buying treasuries instead (and using the proceeds to pay off their TARP loans and provide executive bonuses) ... Bernanke claimed he had no way of forcing the too big to fail to invest in main street (possibly he could have threatened to turn off the spigot of free money). past posts mentioning bernanke
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#bernanke
and too big to fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#45 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#48 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#49 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#54 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

A New Fed Study Destroys One Of The Central Tenets Of Monetary Policy: Lower Rates Don't Induce Investment
http://www.businessinsider.com/business-investment-sensitivity-to-interest-rates-2014-1
The insensitivity of investment to interest rates: Evidence from a survey of CFOs
http://www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/feds/2014/201402/201402abs.html

so it even further reinforces the case that low interest rates are 1) drive investors (and 401k) into equities (where they can be looted) and 2) free money for too big to fail

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Washington Post on Target store data thefts

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Washington Post on Target store data thefts
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 13 Jan 2014 14:37:04 -0500
hancock4 writes:
The article discusses the "RAM scraping" at POS terminals.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2014/01/13/this-malware-class-was-reportedly-used-in-the-target-hackings-heres-how-it-works/?tid=hpModule_88854bf0-8691-11e2-9d71-f0feafdd1394&hpid=z15

But not answered is the question of how the malware got downloaded to the POS terminal in the first place, as well as how it can send the stolen information back to a hostile server. Could anyone explain that?

I would've thought the store cash registers would've been connected by secure private lines so that data could not be exchanged in either direction.


some (past) scenarios

1) attackers compromised installing malware while it was installed ... but nobody looking. this is similar to recent attacks where physical access is gained to USB port on ATM cash machines and USB thumbdrive is inserted that allows crook to take over machine

2) attackers physically swapped a similar looking machine that had malware installed with machine at point-of-sale (when nobody was looking)

3) attackers gain access to point-of-sale network ... POS terminals are configured for accepting fixes&updates over the POS network ... so they can download malware. note compromise of point-of-sale network also allow them to skim information from network traffic

4) attackers compromise manufacturing plant and install malware at the time machine is manufactured ... at one point there was claim that up to 1/3rd of POS terminals that had been sold in Europe had been compromised in this way. In this case, the crooks would low-bid contracts since they figured that they would make their profit in other ways.

from a post earlier today in information security group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#53 Why the Target Breach Might Be Even Bigger: Big Data Means Big Breach

we were tangentially involved in the cal. state data breach legislation ... having been brought in to help wordsmith the cal. state electronic signature act. A lot of the participants were heavily involved in privacy issues and had done detailed, in-depth public surveys. The #1 issue was identity theft, primarily of the form of fraudulent financial transactions as the result of breaches and there was little or nothing being done about the breaches. An issue is normally an entity/institution takes security measures to protect themselves, In the case of the breaches, the institution wasn't at risk ... it was their customers. It was hoped that the publicity from the breach notifications would prompt breach countermeasures.

Note in the years since the cal. state breach notification act there have been numerous federal (state preemption) acts introduced ... about evenly divided between those similar to the cal. act and those that would effectively eliminate any requirement for notification

we've used a couple metaphors about the current situation

dual-use ... since information from previous transactions can be used for fraudulent transactions, that information has to be kept totally confidential and never divulged. at the same time the same information is required in dozens of business processes at millions of locations around the world. we've periodically commented that even if the planet was buried under miles of information hiding encryption, it still wouldn't stop leakage

security proportional to risk ... the value of the transaction information to the merchants is the profit on the transactions, which can be a couple dollars (and a couple cents for the transaction processor) ... the value of the information to the crooks is the account balance and/or credit limit ... as a result the crooks can afford to outspend the defenders by a factor of 100 times.

posts mentioning data breach
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification
posts mentioning security proportional to risk
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#security.proportional.to.risk

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Washington Post on Target store data thefts

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Washington Post on Target store data thefts
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 13 Jan 2014 18:52:05 -0500
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#56 Washington Post on Target store data thefts

the biggest exploits have tended to be backend databases at some point. Note long term numbers are that 70% of these kind of breaches involve insiders ... and it is their interest to obfuscate and misdirect away from where the compromise actually happened.

on the subject of compromise happening at time of manufacture, there was case a little over 20yrs ago where at least 100 such ATM cash machines were sold and placed out in public places.

one of the factors was that the criminals want to protect as much as possible their source of harvested information ... and keep it in operation as long as possible (maximizing the criminal ROI)

immediately using transaction information (in fraudulent transactions) from a single source makes it easy to pinpoint the source of compromise, shutting down the machine and turning off (replacing) all the account numbers that could be involved.

int the 20+yr old case, they wouldn't use account numbers for several months after they had been collected and attempted to randomize as much as possible the account numbers used in fraudulent transactions ... to increase the difficulty in tracing back to the source of compromise.

The FEDs only admit to there being 100 such machines ... because that was all they were able to identify and physically collect ... however they suspect that they could have actually been more.

past posts mentioning account number harvest (for fraudulent transactions)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#harvest

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 13 Jan 2014 20:42:41 -0500
Stephen Sprunk <stephen@sprunk.org> writes:
Contractors still cost more due to executive bonuses, taxes and dividends to shareholders. Save money and do the work in-house.

DoD Contractors Cost Nearly 3 Times More than DoD Civilians
http://pogoblog.typepad.com/pogo/2012/11/dod-contractors-cost-nearly-3-times-more-than-dod-civilians.html

US Government Pays Contractors Twice as Much as Civil Servants for the Same Work
http://billmoyers.com/2013/12/12/ripoff-us-government-pays-contractors-twice-as-much-as-civil-servants-for-the-same-work/

and "Spies Like Us"
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us/

from above:
Private contractors like Booz Allen now reportedly garner 70 percent of the annual $80 billion intelligence budget and supply more than half of the available manpower.

... snip ...

How Booz Allen Hamilton Swallowed Washington
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-06-23/visualizing-how-booz-allen-hamilton-swallowed-washington

Gerstner became head of (private equity) Carlyle after leaving IBM ... and then Carlyle acquired BAH in leverage buyout.

NYTimes article about how private equity companies morphed last decade with the advent of cheap, nearly free money ... they borrow the money to buy the company, put the loan on the company's books and then flip the company ... since they don't need to pay off the loan, they can even sell the company for less than they paid and still make an enormous profit. More than half the corporate debt defaults have been companies currently or previously owned by private equity company
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/05/business/economy/05simmons.html?_r=0

For-profit companies can be under enormous pressure to cut corners in order to meet revenue goals ... and possibly even using intelligence assets. This came up in review of contractor that handled clearance reviews (filling out paper work but not actually doing the work) involving the individual in the most recent intelligence leaks ... but also his employer was found to have used classified information for corporate benefit.

posts mentioning Gerstner
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
posts mentioning private equity companies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 13 Jan 2014 22:38:35 -0500
Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
A New Fed Study Destroys One Of The Central Tenets Of Monetary Policy: Lower Rates Don't Induce Investment
http://www.businessinsider.com/business-investment-sensitivity-to-interest-rates-2014-1
The insensitivity of investment to interest rates: Evidence from a survey of CFOs
http://www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/feds/2014/201402/201402abs.html


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#45 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#48 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#49 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#54 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#55 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

and for something a little different

And The Most Unexpected Correlation To The Fed's Balance Sheet Is...
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2014-01-13/and-most-unexpected-correlation-feds-balance-sheet

from above:
Simply put, as Slok quantifies, it is becoming more and more difficult for the Fed to explain (away) what it is doing ....

... in a few short years, at the current pace of expansion the FOMC statement will be 25,000 words, or the equivalent of a 100 page book.


... snip ...

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 13 Jan 2014 22:52:28 -0500
hancock4 writes:
It bugs me that a lot of crooked financiers made their money and got to keep it while many of us were badly hurt by the crash. It bugs me more that those people--and their tea party friends--think they were _entitled_ to their ill gotten gains.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#45 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#48 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#49 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#54 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#55 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#59 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

recent news items

Why Aren't Big Bankers in Jail? Why ask why, say their enablers in financial press
http://fair.org/extra-online-articles/why-arent-big-bankers-in-jail/
Federal Judge Hammers Justice Department for Not Prosecuting Wall Street Executives
http://therealnews.com/t2/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=31&Itemid=74&jumival=11200
Federal Judge Asks Why Wall Street Executives Haven't Been Prosecuted
http://news.firedoglake.com/2014/01/03/federal-judge-asks-why-wall-street-executives-havent-been-prosecuted/
Elizabeth Warren Proposes New Bill to Expose Shady Back Room Settlements for Crooked Banks
http://aattp.org/elizabeth-warren-proposes-new-bill-to-expose-shady-back-room-settlements-for-crooked-banks/
My new bill to stop the back-room deals
http://elizabethwarren.com/blog/settlementsact

posts mentioning too big to fail ( too big to prosecute, too big to jail )
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 2014 10:01:31 -0500
"Simple Simon" <ss345@nospam.com> writes:
There were no German tanks for the Luftwaffe to support in the Spanish Civil War.

Robb in "Brave New War"
https://www.amazon.com/Brave-New-War-Terrorism-Globalization-ebook/dp/B00H2VFGZ4/

discusses evolution of air power ... German selected a spanish town that was otherwise totally untouched by the war of about five thousand people ... and in three bombing waves demonstrated that it could destroy much of the town and killed between a quarter and half of the population.

pg48/loc817
To prove this theory correct, the Legion destroyed the city of Guernica in April 1937. By all accounts, Guernica was a not a target with any overt military value. It was an open city of five thousand people of Basque origin. The city didn't even have any air defenses. As a target of a military experimentation, however, it was perfect because it hadn't been damaged by the war.

... snip ...

he then compares Guderian's blitzgrig behind French lines collapsing the French military infrastructure compared to the use of air strikes in desert storm to collapse the Iraqi military infrastructure. Then based on leasons learned in Desert Storm, Iraq wasn't planning direct resistance to the US invasion, but had organized between 40,000 and 100,000 for insurgancy (in addition to insurgency groups that formed later)

This highlights the law of unintended consequences
https://www.amazon.com/Fiasco-American-Military-Adventure-ebook/dp/B004IATD6U

The fabricated, non-existent WMDs used as justification for the invasion then resulted in telling the invaders to bypass weapon & ammo bunkers ... going directly for search of (non-existent) WMDs. Later when they got around to going back to the bunkers, an estimated million metric tons had disappeard.

This has Baqubah much worse than Fallujah ... by unit that was in both (including my son-in-law)
https://www.amazon.com/Battle-Baqubah-Killing-Our-ebook/dp/B007VBBS9I/

Tanks & heavier armored vehicles were used as countermeasure to the improvised IEDs ... and then the insurgents starting including large artillery shells (out of the million metric tons from the ammo dumps) in IEDs ... which would take even Abrams main battle tank. The Abrams were so vulnerable that they would try and sweap the routes before letting Abrams out.

loc5243-54:
I was overwhelmed at the amount of destruction that surrounded me. The sterile yard was about 150 meters wide by about 100 meters deep, and it was packed full of destroyed vehicles (words can't describe what I saw)

... snip, and ...
I saw other Bradleys and M1 Abrams main battle tanks, the pride of the 1st Cavalry Division--vehicles that, if back at Fort Hood, would be parked meticulously on line, tarps tied tight, gun barrels lined up, track line spotless, not so much as a drop of oil on the white cement. What I saw that day was row after row of mangled tan steel as if in a junkyard that belonged to Satan himself.

.., snip ..,

Robb's has the official Iraq reports in the surge eliminating nearly 10% of the insurgents every month ... so nearly all insurgents had been eliminated by the end of the surge ... but Robb's numbers has surge possibly only eliminating 1% of the insurgents each month. The official line about Iraq "surge" having fixed the insurgency problem possibly accounts why there was so little coverage of Baqubah (which was after the surge, even though it is described as worse than Fallujah).

As an aside, story is that Cheney brought Boyd back from retirement to do the battle plan for desert storm. However, a big part of the desert storm battle plan was the left hook cutting off the retreating Iraqis ... which never happened. One of the explanations was the general commanding the left hook was afraid of outrunning his supply chain and never made it into position.

This account has Abrams M1 main battle tanks being extremely resource intensive and needing extrodinary maintenance for every hour of opreation ... even thou Abrams top speed would have put the left hook in position to cut off the Iraqi retreat (in desert storm) ... they would have had to greatly outrun their supply lines ... which they are very tightly tied to (it is possibly that Boyd didn't realize how strongly & tightly tied Abrams are to their supply lines)
http://elpdefensenews.blogspot.com/2013/07/the-great-m-1-tank-myth.htm
http://elpdefensenews.blogspot.com/2013/09/dare-to-compare-m1a2-abrams-sep-versus_17.html
http://elpdefensenews.blogspot.com/2013/09/dare-to-compare-m1a2-abrams-sep-versus.html
http://elpdefensenews.blogspot.com/2013/09/dare-to-compare-m1a2-abrams-sep-versus_7.html

past posts mentioning Boyd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Imprecise Interrupts and the 360/195

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Imprecise Interrupts and the 360/195
Newsgroups: comp.arch
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 2014 10:20:29 -0500
"Andy (Super) Glew" <andy@SPAM.comp-arch.net> writes:
A friend who worked at IBM at the time said that the 91, 95, and 195 were really just "fighting machines", intended to contest CDC's preeminence in high performance computing.

When CDC subsided as a threat to IBM, the 91-95-195 stopped being subsidized as threats to CDC.

Apparently supercomputing was willing to tolerate imprecise interrupts. Business computing was not.


195 stalled on conditional branches ... so most codes ran at half peak ... 5mips compared to 10mips. In early 70s, I got sucked into effort that looked at doing hyperthreading for 195, two i-streams emulating two processor operation ... having some hope of keeping execution units busy ... which never shipped (similar to proposal for ACS-360)

in the early to mid 70s ... the Future System effort shutdown &/or suspended 370 new product offerings ... FS was going to completely replace 370. The lack of new product offerings during the FS period is credited with giving clone processors market foothold. Then when FS imploded there was mad rush to get 370 stuff back into the product pipeline ... kicking off both 303x and 3081 q&d efforts. some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

Part of the issue of getting sucked into the hyperthreading 195 was I continued to work on 370 stuff during the FS period ... even periodically ridiculing FS activity (which wasn't exactly career enhancing).

For the 303x, they took the integrated channel microcode from 370/158 and created the 303x channel director. A 3031 was two 370/158 engines ... one engine with just the 370 microcode and a 2nd engine with just the integrated channel microcode. A 3032 was 370/168 configured to use channel director. A 3033 started out being 168 logic remapped to 20% faster chips ... some other optimization eventually got it up to 50% faster ... around 4.5mips ... almost same as 370/195 on most codes. other description of 3033 and 3081 in wake of FS failure:
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm

this has account of shutting down high performance 360 in the late 60s (top management was afraid that it would advance state-of-the-art too fast and they would loose control of the market)
https://people.computing.clemson.edu/~mark/acs_end.html

at the end it has list of ACS-360 features that eventually show up in ES-9000 over 20yrs later.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Imprecise Interrupts and the 360/195

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Imprecise Interrupts and the 360/195
Newsgroups: comp.arch
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 2014 10:25:46 -0500
Quadibloc <jsavard@ecn.ab.ca> writes:
But the vector facility for the ESA/370 (as well as XA/370 and plain 370) was similar to the Cray in basic design, so later on they must have again felt that getting academic customers and having the prestige of offering a large and fast computer was of some value.

I remember trout 1.5 engineers (become 3090) loudly complaining about vector facility being a marketing stunt ... they claimed that they had optimized FP unit so that it ran as fast as memory would feed it. One claim for vector was lot of parallel floating point units ... since each FP unit was so much slower than memory bus (memory bus being fast enough to keep lots of slow parallel FP units operating).

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 2014 11:02:49 -0500
Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:

http://elpdefensenews.blogspot.com/2013/07/the-great-m-1-tank-myth.htm
http://elpdefensenews.blogspot.com/2013/09/dare-to-compare-m1a2-abrams-sep-versus_17.html
http://elpdefensenews.blogspot.com/2013/09/dare-to-compare-m1a2-abrams-sep-versus.html
http://elpdefensenews.blogspot.com/2013/09/dare-to-compare-m1a2-abrams-sep-versus_7.html


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#61 Royal Pardon For Turing

for the fun of it ... an update from today

"My fellow Americans, we were ripped off" Dare to compare --- M1A2 Abrams SEP versus M60A3 Patton!
http://elpdefensenews.blogspot.com/2014/01/my-fellow-americans-we-were-ripped-off.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Washington Post on Target store data thefts

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Washington Post on Target store data thefts
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 2014 11:18:27 -0500
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#56 Washington Post on Target store data thefts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#57 Washington Post on Target store data thefts

Target Confirms Point-of-Sale Malware Was Used in Attack
http://www.securityweek.com/target-confirms-point-sale-malware-was-used-attack

from above:
After gaining access to a merchant's network, attackers can install memory-parsing malware on register systems or backend processing servers to extract magnetic-stripe data as it moves through the through the payment process.

... snip ...

this is the dual-use scenario ... aka the information can be used for fraudulent transactions ... at the same time the information is needed for dozen of business process at millions of location around the worl.

past posts mentioning information harvesting for fraudulent transactions.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#harvest

as I mentioned before ... we were brought in to consult with small client/server startup that wanted to do payment transactions on their server, they had also invented this technology they called "SSL" they wanted to use, it the result is now frequently called "electronic commerce".

somewhat as a result, in the middle 90s we were invited to participate in the x9a10 financial standard working group that had been given the requirement to preserve the integrity of the financial infrastructure for *ALL* retail payments. The resulting standard slightly tweaked the current paradigm to eliminate the dual-use characteristic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#x959

x9.59 didn't do anything to prevent data breaches ... however, it eliminates the dual-use characteristic ... crooks harvesting information used in the transaction business process isn't useable for fraudulent transactions. as a result, it eliminates the risk of such data breaches as well as the motivation for the crooks to perform the data breaches. It is not longer necessary to hide transaction information as countermeasure to fraud ... which also eliminates the major use of SSL in the world today. It then also eliminates the security proportional to risk scenario for merchants & transaction processors .... since the information is no longer at risk.

posts mentioning data breach
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification
posts mentioning security proportional to risk
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#security.proportional.to.risk

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 2014 12:54:28 -0500
Morten Reistad <first@last.name> writes:
The US clearly has the capability to intercept all shipping and ocean-crossing aircraft along the perimieter of China. It will require all they got, but given the will, the result will be a China cut off from both most imports as well as nearly all exports. China is pretty isolated on the land side, with something like 7 railroad crossings altogether,and similarly few roads. (I am not counting North Korea here)

there is increasing concern about that and the "pivot to the pacific" ... with increasingly modern china anti-ship technology ... including news today of hypersonic anti-ship missle. discussion about A2/AD
http://www.ctovision.com/2012/12/anti-access-area-denial-a2ad-in-military-domains-and-in-cyberspace/
references (which has a lot of Boyd's Patterns Of Conflict ... one of his briefings that I use to sponsor at IBM)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AirLand_Battle#AirSea_Battle
looking at counter to a2/ad (including "far blockade" ... staying further out of harm's way)
http://thediplomat.com/2013/11/how-a2ad-can-defeat-china/

past US wargames involving carrier groups have included a redteam diesel-electronic submarine (I believe borrowed from sweden) which has manage to take out the carrier every time. There is increasingly concern about risking carriers being destroyed ... and report yesterday that the newest $13B (and rising) carrier has lots of functional problems

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 2014 15:48:02 -0500
"Simple Simon" <ss345@nospam.com> writes:
Yes, I already said that they certainly practiced the bombing of civilians there, but that isn't blitzkrieg.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#61 Royal Pardon For Turing

Robb's point was that Guderian's blietzgrieg behind enemy's front lines disrupted and caused front lines to collapse ... even though Guderian's force was only a small fraction of the French forces on the front lines.

The US used something similar with strategic airstrikes in desert storm to take out Iraqi infrastructure leading to the collapse of its front lines. Robb's example was that while airstrikes had been used prior to Spanish civil war ... German proved it with the demonstration destroying Guernica.

Iraq learning from desert storm how infrastructure could be taken out then adopted a plan of insurgency to deal with the invasion of the last decade ... creating a core of insurgents estimated to be between 40,000 and 100,000 before the invasion (under Saddam's son Uday) ... total insurgents then grew to well over 300,000.

Note that while the potential of strategic airstrike had been proven in Guernica ... it didn't work that well for the US in WW2. From "America's Defense Meltdown". loc3214:

Half of America's total World War II budget went to U.S. air power and, of that half, 65 percent went to multi-engine bombers. A major study to quantify the effectiveness of this huge investment was initiated in October 1944 at the direction of President Roosevelt. The United States Strategic Bombing Survey (USSBS) was to consist of a small group of civilian experts.

loc3255:
In conclusion, the RAF and U.S. Army Air Force bomber commands fared rather poorly in their strategic bombardment campaigns. Eight of nine of the strategic bombardment campaigns were failures, contributing little to Allied victory.

... snip ...

While multi-engine bombers provided very little towards success in WW2 (especially considering they accounted for around 1/3rd of cost of the war), (single engine) tactical support did contribute significantly.

other posts in threads
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#38 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#39 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#40 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#41 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#42 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#44 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#45 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#48 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#49 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#54 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#55 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#58 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#59 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#60 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#64 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#66 Royal Pardon For Turing

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Imprecise Interrupts and the 360/195

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Imprecise Interrupts and the 360/195
Newsgroups: comp.arch
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 2014 16:05:01 -0500
nmm@needham.csi.cam.ac.uk (Nick Maclaren) writes:
Then they were bullshitting. Whether the initial project proposal was a marketing stunt or not, it was definitely not one by the time it came on the market. The salesmen stressed that it was NOT a vector supercomputer and was NOT intended to compete with Cray etc., but was intended to be a cheap and cost effective enhancement for an existing 3090. And, at that, it delivered. It wasn't much faster than the base system, and only for some applications, but it was enough faster to justify its incremental cost.

The claimed target market was companies that ran database workloads during the day and wanted to do financial modelling at night. IBM was a little surprised at the number of academic sites that took it up, but was (not surprisingly) happy to sell it.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#62 Imprecise Interrupts and the 360/195
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#63 Imprecise Interrupts and the 360/195

it was initially pitched for NSF supercomputer centers ... like at cornell (also scientific/numeric intensive at arizona, boston, ucberkeley, ucla, virginia polytech) when it appeared to turn out to not compete that well ... it morphed into being sold as add-on to existing traditional mainframe datacenters (presumably with corresponding price adjustment).

... trivia we had been working with NSF and various players at NSF supercomputer centers and were suppose to get $20M to tie-together the centers. Then congress cut the budget, and some other things happened before a RFP was finally released to tie-together NSF supercomputer centers ... morphing into NSFNET backbone. Corporate politics prevented us from bidding ... director of NSF tried to help ... even writing the company a letter 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO) ... but that just made the internal politics worse (as did comments that what we already had running was at least five years ahead of all RFP responses). This then morphs into modern internet.

In any case, NSF gave UC $120M for a supercomputer center at Berkeley ... however the regent's master plan had the next new bldg going into UCSD ... so it becamse UCSD supercomputer center instead.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 2014 17:34:18 -0500
hancock4 writes:
It bugs me that a lot of crooked financiers made their money and got to keep it while many of us were badly hurt by the crash. It bugs me more that those people--and their tea party friends--think they were _entitled_ to their ill gotten gains.

re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#54 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#55 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#59 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#60 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

too big to fail money laundering for drug cartels and terriorists and institutions not being shutdown and executives going to jail was possibly first instances of the use of too big to presecute and too big to jail ... posts referring to the money laundering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#money.laundering
and too big to fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail

now comes this:

American Government Backed Murderous Mexican Drug Cartel for More Than a Decade
http://www.zerohedge.com/contributed/2014-01-14/american-government-backed-murderous-mexican-drug-cartel-more-decade

from above:
The U.S. government has -- at least at some times in some parts of the world -- long protected drug operations. (Big American banks also launder money for drug cartels. See this, this, this and this. Indeed, drug dealers kept the banking system afloat during the depths of the 2008 financial crisis.)

And opium production is at an all-time high under the American occupation of Afghanistan.


... snip ...

references from above:

How a big US bank laundered billions from Mexico's murderous drug gangs
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/apr/03/us-bank-mexico-drug-gangs
Special Report: Documents allege HSBC money-laundering lapses
http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/05/03/us-hsbcusa-probes-idUSBRE8420FX20120503
International banks have aided Mexican drug gangs
http://articles.latimes.com/2011/nov/27/world/la-fg-mexico-money-laundering-banks-20111128
Drug money saved banks in global crisis, claims UN adviser
http://www.theguardian.com/global/2009/dec/13/drug-money-banks-saved-un-cfief-claims

slightly related on US going into Afghanistan ... Robb's has account of how the Taliban had eliminated poppy growing in all the districts it controlled ... but it made many of the tribal leaders unhappy with the loss of financial ... other crops brought in much less money than drugs ... US was able to come in and play on that dissatisfaction. loc2082-84:
When the United States decided to support the Northern Alliance before it attacked the Taliban in early 2002, U.S. officials took action to ensure this disaffection. Direct payments from Central Intelligence Agency operatives and the potential of unfettered opium production under the Northern Alliance exerted a powerful influence on Afghanistan's guerrilla entrepreneurs.

... snip ...

and as to what the FED has been up to

Bob Shiller Warns Fed 'Fire-Fighting' Is "Not A recipe For A Happy Ending"
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2014-01-14/bob-shiller-warns-fed-fire-fighting-not-recipe-happy-ending

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 2014 21:57:29 -0500
Stephen Sprunk <stephen@sprunk.org> writes:
Japan was also fighting against China in Manchuria; did Stalin help the Chinese, or was it a three-way ground war?

Did the threat that he _might_ do something else force Japan to divert resources away from fighting the US?


3/4 of german resources were against russia and 2/3rd of japanese resources were against china ... recent ref
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#38 Royal Pardon For Turing

however, russia didn't declare against japan until quite late; The Wars for Asia, 1911-1949, loc219-23:
The conventional tale does not emphasize Russia's peculiar position among the Allies of World War II. Russia allied with Britain and the United States against Germany but maintained remarkably cordial relations with Japan until the last two weeks of the war, when it suddenly deployed 1.5 million men to Manchuria in its most ambitious campaign of the war.1 Most histories of World War II omit the Eurasian connection between the European and Pacific theaters to tell separate tales. Russians, however, saw clear connections.

... loc216-19:
The U.S. attempt to focus exclusively on the global war left postwar U.S. China policy in shambles. Russia's comparatively astute Asia policy rested on an appreciation of all three layers of warfare: it brokered a truce in the civil war to promote a Sino-Japanese war to save itself from a two-front global war on the correct assumption that Japan would fight either China or Russia, but not both.

... snip ...

my wife's father was sent to nanking as adviser to generalissimo after end of hostilities in europe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#41 Royal Pardon For Turing

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 15 Jan 2014 12:28:49 -0500
scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) writes:
I guess I wasn't aware that BSD had any customers, in any sense similar to the type of customers that DEC, IBM or Burroughs had.

In fact, it was my understanding that the primary "customer" of BSD was other universities, who used it for educational purposes, not production purposes.

Some computer manufacturers were also customers of BSD, and they were responsible for supporting, in turn, their own customers.

Just a couple of years after your JMF was evaluating yet a third "unix" operating system within DEC, one of the mainframe groups within Unisys (nee Burroughs) undertook an exercise to design a new large Unix multiprocessor (this effort began in 1988). A group was formed and transferred from Pasadena to the San Jose Convergent Technologies campus and began development of what was to become the OPUS (Open Parallel Unisys Server); an MPP machine (similar to IBM's Scalable Power SP2).


note that berkeley also did some number of unix-based/c-language chip design tools. you have a growing number of engineers coming out with background with BSD and berkeley chip tools and big upswing in silicon valley using them.

a former co-worker at ibm research had left and was doing consulting at silicon valley chip companies running vm370 and ibm mainframes ... and spent a lot of time getting at&t c compiler on cms with lots of bug fixes and performance enhancements and Berkeley chip tools moved over.

one day he was working on getting ethernet working between vm370/3081 and some front-end graphics workstations ... when the IBM marketing rep came through and asked him what he was doing. after he explained, the marketing rep told them that the company might find service on the 3081 suffer if he didn't do token-ring support instead. I almost immediately got a call and had to listen to an hour of four letter words. The next morning the corporate senior vp of engineering had a press conference announcing they were moving off 3081 to sun servers. A big ripple then ran through inside IBM ... the problem constantly spun as a technical issue with no mention of the real reason.

In 1980, I got sucked into doing channel extender for STL which was bursting at the seams and was moving 300 people from IMS group to offsite bldg (with service back to the STL datacenter). They had investigated "remote 3270" but found the human factors totally intolerable. Part of the channel extender work involved downloading mainframe channel programs to the channel emulator at the remote end ... which drastically reduced the channel program protocol chatter latency and improved the throughput. Somewhat as result I would get calls to national labs that were looking at similar solutions to I/O (for supercomputers). some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
It also played a role in initially being asked to do the interconnect for the NSF supercomputer centers. some old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#nsfnet

as well in 1988 being asked to help LLNL with getting some serial technology they were working with, standardized. This then morphs into fibre-channel standard and what we were using for cluster scale-up (i.e. rios/rs6000 didn't support cache consistency so only scale-up was i/o). old reference to working with Oracle for commercial scale-up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
but also working with national labs on scientific and numerical intensive ... some old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa

within hrs of the last email (end jan1992), cluster scale-up was transferred (to supercomputer group in kingston) and we were told we couldn't work on anything with more than four processors. It was very shortly announced as supercomputer (SP1) for scientific and numerical intensive *ONLY* ... from 17Feb1992
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters1
later in spring about cluster interest by national labs taking them by surprise 11May1992
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters2

this was major factor in deciding to leave summer of 1992.

FCS is then later used for ibm's new FICON ... which is FCS with very heavy duty protocol layered on top that drastically reduces the native throughput (reversing nearly all the work we had done for high throughput) ... some posts mentioning FICON
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon

Another technology that I got asked to participate in standards work was some different serial fiber stuff came out of SLAC (stanford linear accelerator) ... which eventually comes out as SCI (scallable coherent interface). One of the things it is used for is a dictionary-based cache coherency protocol (since rios/rs6000 didn't support cache coherency it couldn't be used for this type of scale-up). It was used by SGI (with MIPs) Convex (with HP PA/RISC), Data General, and Sequent (intel i86, ... UNISYS also resells the sequent NUMA-Q under its own logo).

One of the issue with Kingston and SP1 ... is that OCT1991, the senior VP supporting Kingston supercomputer, retires and their projects are audited. Somewhat as a result, there becomes an effort to scour the company looking for technology that can be used for supercomputer (and they find us). Note that Kingston effort has also been providing funds for Chen Supercomputer. After Chen Supercomputer desolves, Chen shows up as Sequent CTO ... and we do some consulting for him there (all before IBM buys Sequent)

For other national lab cluster interest ... old email from 1979 helping with national lab benchmark for compute farm of 4341s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#email790212
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#email790220
other old 4300 email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#43xx

Fibre Channel
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibre_Channel
FICON ... z196 peak i/o benchmark gets 2M IOPS using 104 FICON (layered on top of 104 FCS) about same time a single FCS is announced for e5-2600 claiming over 1M IOPS (two would have higher throughput than 104 FICON)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FICON
SCI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalable_Coherent_Interface
SCIzzl
http://www.scizzl.com/
sequent reference (numa-q)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequent_Computer_Systems
convex reference (exemplar)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convex_Computer
Steve Chen
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Chen_%28computer_engineer%29

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 15 Jan 2014 13:37:52 -0500
Patrick Scheible <kkt@zipcon.net> writes:
During WW II there were escort carriers -- fewer aircraft, probably second line, and the carrier not making as high top speed. Why have a 33 knot frontline aircraft carrier plugging along accompanying a 15 knot convey?

trivia from inter-war period was one of the reasons that there was as many carriers going into ww2 was room in the treaties ... some number of ships that were in progress when the treaties were signed were converted to carriers. The Admirals: Nimitz, Halsey, Leahy, and King--The Five-Star Admirals Who Won the War at Sea. loc1917-21:
Once the treaty limiting battleship tonnages was signed, the U.S. Navy looked to its shipyards and found two hulls that had originally been laid down as battleships. Battle Cruiser CC-1 was under construction at the Fore River Shipyard in Quincy, Massachusetts, and Battle Cruiser CC-3 was taking shape at the New York Shipbuilding Corporation in Camden, New Jersey. Under the treaty, these couldn't be launched as battleships. So on July 1, 1922, the order was given to complete both ships as aircraft carriers. They were launched in 1925 and commissioned within weeks of each other late in 1927.

... snip ..

History of the aircraft carrier
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_aircraft_carrier

...

also there was recently information released that one of the british peers collaberated with japan between the wars on carrier technology ... and for some (unknown reason?) was never prosecuted for treason.

The contrasting fates of Alan Turing and Lord Sempill
http://anotherangryvoice.blogspot.com/2012/05/contrasting-fates-turing-sempill-war.html

The traitor of Pearl Harbor
http://nypost.com/2012/05/27/the-traitor-of-pearl-harbor/

The British Traitor Lord who enabled the fall of Singapore and Pearl Harbor
http://moridura.blogspot.com/2012/05/british-traitor-lord-who-enabled-fall.html

the youtube series
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YK4dreccM_Y
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3IM8K7f-qmw
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLYFX2QN9S0
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OPodNJSCots

wiki
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Forbes-Sempill,_19th_Lord_Sempill

Churchill protected Scottish peer suspected of spying for Japan; Second World War: Government papers show prominent aristocrat was believed to be leaking naval secrets to Tokyo
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/churchill-protected-scottish-peer-suspected-of-spying-for-japan-1173730.html
Traitor peer aided Pearl Harbor raid
http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/news/uk_news/Arts/article1042403.ece

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 15 Jan 2014 15:40:19 -0500
Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
as well in 1988 being asked to help LLNL with getting some serial technology they were working with, standardized. This then morphs into fibre-channel standard and what we were using for cluster scale-up (i.e. rios/rs6000 didn't support cache consistency so only scale-up was i/o). old reference to working with Oracle for commercial scale-up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
but also working with national labs on scientific and numerical intensive ... some old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#71 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

part of the effort for commercial cluster scale-up was for RDBMS vendors that had relatively common source base for unix and vax/cluster ... was a distributed lock manager with semantics similar to vax/cluster to make the porting easier ... recently mentioned in this thread:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#44 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

rumor is after the scale-up is transferred for scientific and numerica intensive *ONLY* (we are told we can't work on anything with more than four processors) and we leave .... Oracle reverses engineers the DLM so that it can move to other platforms. past posts mentioning ha/cmp project (including cluster scale-up)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

and then more recently, IBM is benchmarking RDBMS cluster scale-up against Oracle
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#43 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#46 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#46 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#47 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#59 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time

in late 80s and early 90s had mainframe DB2 cluster support (mainframe "loosely-coupled") ... which started out as port of system/r to MVS ... originally for decision support only ... posts mentioning system/r
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr

an effort was started to do a RDBMS from scratch in C for OS2 ... which would eventually also be called DB2 ... but there was no corporate UNIX RDBMS product from the era with any kind of cluster support ... forcing us to work with other vendors.

some current HA/CMP reference
http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/aix/v6r1/topic/com.ibm.aix.hacmp.concepts/ha_concepts.htm

their cluster scalup RDBMS stuff is now called purescale
http://www-01.ibm.com/software/data/db2/linux-unix-windows/purescale/

besides the issue of scouring the company for supercomputer technology (in the wake of the kingston project audits) ... and finding us ... there was also the issue of the mainframe DB2 group complaining that if we were allowed to go ahead ... we would be at least five years ahead of them (which likely contributed to telling us that we weren't allowed to work with anything that had more than four processors).

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 15 Jan 2014 17:20:48 -0500
hancock4 writes:
True. But lots of bomb critics claim those casualty estimates were way too high and would've been a lot lower. But that misses the point, which is, that there would've been signficiantly more casualties, on both sides, without use of the bomb.

Some bomb critics claimed the US kept certain secrets about the Japanese situation, but those very secrets were reported right on the front page of the NYT when they happened.


invasion of japan casualties prediction was based on what happened in okinawa ... in part expecting heavier resistance from larger force

Battle of Okinawa
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Okinawa
The Battle of Okinawa
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/battle_of_okinawa.htm
Battle of Okinawa
http://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/wwii/okinawa/default.aspx/
Battle Of Okinawa: Summary, Fact, Pictures and Casualties
http://www.historynet.com/battle-of-okinawa-operation-iceberg.htm

past discussions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#67 Downwind from Alamogordo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#60 OT: "Highway Patrol" back on TV
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#62 OT: "Highway Patrol" back on TV

American Caesar: Douglas MacArthur 1880 - 1964; loc8916-18 (at the time of the surrender):
U.S. officers were still tense; they knew that twenty-two enemy divisions--300,000 well-trained soldiers--were within a few hours' marching distance.

loc8936-38;
On Monday Halsey had begun moving into Sagami Bay, southwest of the city, gliding over a glassy sea past the rugged, jagged, black-sanded coastline of Kamakura, the great muzzles of his warships pointing toward the Kanto Plain, where the General had expected to lose 100,000 GIs in combat.

... snip ...

posts in this thread:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#38 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#39 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#40 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#41 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#42 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#44 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#45 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#48 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#49 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#58 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#61 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#64 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#66 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#67 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#70 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#72 Royal Pardon For Turing

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 15 Jan 2014 18:46:44 -0500
Patrick Scheible <kkt@zipcon.net> writes:
Well, the U.S. confiscated gold bullion in 1933, but not gold jewelry. So you could buy gaudy big pieces of solid gold jewelry. Or antique gold coins with collector's value. Or gems. However, history doesn't repeat itself exactly; next time gold is confiscated they might take the jewelry and antiques and silver and platinum and gems too.

somebody trying to figure out what is going on in gold vault:

Why Is JPMorgan's Gold Vault, The Largest In The World, Located Next To The New York Fed's?
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-03-02/why-jpmorgans-gold-vault-largest-world-located-next-new-york-fed
JP Morgan Vault Gold Drops To New Record Low; Brinks Gold Plunges By 24% In One Day
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-07-06/jp-morgan-vault-gold-drops-new-record-low-brinks-gold-plunges-24-one-day
JPM Eligible Gold Plummets By 66% In One Day To Just Over 1 Tonne, Total Gold At Fresh All Time Low
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-07-19/jpm-eligible-gold-plummets-66-one-day-total-gold-fresh-all-time-low
"Hello HSBC, This Is JPMorgan - We Urgently Need Some Of Your Gold"

http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-08-07/hello-hsbc-jpmorgan-we-urgently-need-some-your-gold
JPM's Quiet Scramble To Refill Its Gold Vault
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-12-19/jpms-quiet-scramble-refill-its-gold-vault

and next door at the fed

All Aboard The Gold Repatriation Train: First Germany, Next: The Netherlands?
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-01-16/all-aboard-gold-repatriation-train-first-germany-next-netherlands
It Will Take The Fed Seven Years To Deliver 300 Tons Of German Gold

http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-01-16/it-will-take-fed-seven-years-deliver-300-tons-german-gold
A Year Later, The Bundesbank Has Repatriated Only 37 Tons Of Gold (Of 700 Total)
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-12-24/year-later-bundesbank-has-repatriated-only-37-tons-gold-700-total

and more on big banks and money laundering

Big Banks Launder Hundreds of Billions of Illegal Drug Cartel Money ... But Refuse to Provide Services for Legal Marijuana
http://www.zerohedge.com/contributed/2014-01-14/big-banks-launder-hundreds-billions-illegal-drug-cartel-money-%E2%80%A6-refuse-provid

recent reference
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#69 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

posts mentioning money laundering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#money.laundering

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 15 Jan 2014 19:12:43 -0500
Walter Banks <walter@bytecraft.com> writes:
Technology has a habit of revolting things. The advent of digital camera's essentially eliminated one of the biggest uses of silver in photography film. Aluminium was once a very expensive material.

we got involved in change over from x-ray film to digital 20yrs ago .... the annual x-ray film costs was more than total cost of moving to digital.

30yrs ago, i got sucked into berkeley 10m telescope ... recent post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#8 We're About to Lose Net Neutrality -- And the Internet as We Know It

... 1m segmented, ... part of it was moving from film to ccd ... however at the time was playing 200x200 (40k pels) ccds at lick observatory (outside sanjose)
http://ucolick.org/

they didn't want to accept NSF money because then NSF would be able to dictate observatory schedule. Eventually they got Keck foundation to fund the effort and it became known as Keck observatory
http://www.keckobservatory.org/

the justification to moving to CCD was CCDs are 100 times more sensitive to photons than film (only need 1/100th the exposure). However, CCDs weren't consistent in electrical signal from photon ... so they had to spend about half the time on taking calibration reading on null white background.

Moving to digital also simplified remote viewing they wanted to be able to handle about 800kbit transmission from Hawaii mountain top back to mainland.

It took awhile before worked up to large enough CCD arrays tho.

other past posts mentioning Keck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#7 CCD technology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#8 CCD technology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#9 CCD technology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005l.html#9 Jack Kilby dead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005s.html#28 MVCIN instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#12 Ranking of non-IBM mainframe builders?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007c.html#20 How many 36-bit Unix ports in the old days?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007c.html#50 How many 36-bit Unix ports in the old days?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008f.html#80 A Super-Efficient Light Bulb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009m.html#82 ATMs by the Numbers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009m.html#85 ATMs by the Numbers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#55 TV Big Bang 10/12/09
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#60 TV Big Bang 10/12/09
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#24 Program Work Method Question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#58 Other early NSFNET backbone
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#9 Hawaii board OKs plan for giant telescope
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#10 Slackware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#86 OT: Physics question and Star Trek
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#55 360/20, was 1132 printer history

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

In a Cyber Breach, Who Pays, Banks or Retailers?

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From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: In a Cyber Breach, Who Pays, Banks or Retailers?
Date: 15 Jan 2014
Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and Security
In a Cyber Breach, Who Pays, Banks or Retailers?
http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303819704579316861842957106

Note that there was large pilot in the US a decade ago of the European smartcard solution ... unfortunately it was during the yes card period ... and in the aftermath all evidence of the pilot appeared to disappear without a trace. Somebody's comment at an "ATM Taskforce" meeting where the vulnerabilities were explained in detail ... somebody commented that they had spent a billion dollars to prove that smartcards are less secure than magstripe. At the time there were claims that there were absolutely no problems with the smartcards ... so there has been some conjecture that US waiting for it to be more thoroughly vetted before they try again. poast mentioning Yes Card
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#yescard

we've done a couple different characterization of the current paradigm:

dual-use ... since information from previous transactions can be used for fraudulent transactions, that information has to be kept totally confidential and never divulged. at the same time the same information is required in dozens of business processes at millions of locations around the world. we've periodically commented that even if the planet was buried under miles of information hiding encryption, it still wouldn't stop leakage

security proportional to risk ... the value of the transaction information to the merchants is the profit on the transactions, which can be a couple dollars (and a couple cents for the transaction processor) ... the value of the information to the crooks is the account balance and/or credit limit ... as a result the crooks can frequently afford to outspend the defenders by a factor of 100 times.

Note that I had warned the people setting up that pilot ... but they said they would counter it by having all valid, issued cards to always go online. They were so myopically focused on the stolen/lost card vulnerability that they were unable to think through other vulnerabilities (using the same technology for skimming magstripe for counterfeit card to skim and make a counterfeit yes card). Disclaimer: 90s I was co-author of financial transaction (for all retail payments, POS, face-to-face, unattended, internet, etc) and designed and got prototype chips that had *none* of the vulnerabilities (I was told the chip had to cost a small fraction of their chip and be significantly more secure). x9.59 reference
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#x959

About the same time as the large YES CARD pilot in the US ... there were also several "safe" internet payment products marketed to merchants (accounting for something like 70% of transactions) which saw high acceptance. They had been indoctrinated for decades that large part of interchange fee was prorated based on associated fraud ... and internet started out using MOTO (highest) interchange rates. The merchants were expecting to see possibly order of magnitude reduction in the interchange fees. However the financial institutions then told them that instead of a large reduction in interchange fees for "safe" transaction products, there would effectively be a surcharge placed on top of the highest charge they were already paying ... resulting in significant merchant cognitive dissonance ... and the whole thing collapses. Part of the issue was that payment fees accounted for 40%-60% of US financial institution bottom line ... and order of magnitude reduction would result in a significant hit.

past posts mentioning merchant cognitive dissonance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#51 How to defeat new telemarketing tactic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#60 Cobol hits 50 and keeps counting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#62 Solving password problems one at a time, Re: The password-reset paradox
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#64 What happened to X9.59?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#51 64 Cores -- IBM is showing a prototype already
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009m.html#49 Hacker charges also an indictment on PCI, expert says
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009m.html#62 August 7, 1944: today is the 65th Anniversary of the Birth of the Computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#21 Should the USA Implement EMV?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#54 Trust Facade
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#69 Idiotic programming style edicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#10 Wal-Mart to support smartcard payments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#79 Five Theses on Security Protocols
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#48 Is the United States the weakest link when it comes to credit card security?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#39 Compressing the OODA-Loop - Removing the D (and maybe even an O)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#52 Payment Card Industry Pursues Profits Over Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#13 "Compound threats" to appear in 2011 ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#42 Looking for a real Fortran-66 compatible PC compiler (CP/M or DOSor Windows
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#11 Credit cards with a proximity wifi chip can be as safe as walking around with your credit card number on a poster
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#48 On Protectionism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#23 Fight Fraud with Device ID
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#48 Is the magic and romance killed by Windows (and Linux)?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#58 Pipeline and Network Security: Protecting a Series of Tubes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#56 Does outsourcing cause data loss?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#38 ISBNs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#39 ISBNs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#15 Wicked Problems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#3 Quitting Top IBM Salespeople Say They Are Leaving In Droves
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#32 Zeus/SpyEye 'Automatic Transfer' Module Masks Online Banking Theft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#32 Use another browser - Kaspersky follows suit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#10 Does the IBM System z Mainframe rely on Security by Obscurity or is it Secure by Design
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#54 How to Cut Megabanks Down to Size
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#10 The Knowledge Economy Two Classes of Workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#8 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#47 Pirate Bay co-founder charged with hacking IBM mainframes, stealing money
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#52 U.S. agents 'got lucky' pursuing accused Russia master hackers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#60 Target Offers Free Credit Monitoring Following Security Breach

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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Fed may restrict bank ownership of commodities

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: Fed may restrict bank ownership of commodities
Date: 15 Jan 2014
Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and Security
Fed may restrict bank ownership of commodities
http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2014/01/14/214504/fed-may-restrict-bank-ownership.html

Federal Reserve May Continue To Promote Wall Street's Expansion Into Commodities
http://news.firedoglake.com/2014/01/14/federal-reserve-may-continue-to-promote-wall-streets-expansion-into-commodities/

Are Banks About to Win on Commodities Trading After Their Success in Watering Down Basel III Capital Rules?
http://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2014/01/banks-win-commodities-trading-success-watering-basel-iii-capital-rules.html

Griftopia has chapter that CFTC had rule that only allowed players with positions in the commodity to play because speculators result in wild, irrational price swings. Then 19 "secret" letters were sent that allowed 19 (mostly bank) speculators to play ... the result included the wild spike in oil over $100 the summer of 2008. Later a senator released transaction data showing that the speculators were behind the wild spike in oil over $100 the summer of 2008. Most of the main stream press instead of lauding the senator for releasing the transaction data, heavily criticized him.

posts mentioning Griftopia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#griftopia

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Army Modernization Is Melting Down

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: Army Modernization Is Melting Down
Date: 15 Jan 2014
Blog: Boyd and Beyond
Army Modernization Is Melting Down
http://www.forbes.com/sites/lorenthompson/2014/01/13/army-modernization-is-melting-down/

and another of ELP's posting on Abrams: "My fellow Americans, we were ripped off" Dare to compare --- M1A2 Abrams SEP versus M60A3 Patton!
http://elpdefensenews.blogspot.com/2014/01/my-fellow-americans-we-were-ripped-off.html

Boyd has been credited with the Desert Storm battle plan and the left hook that traps all the retreating Iraqis. One of the excuses that it didn't happen was the commander was afraid of outrunning his supply line. Past ELP references to Abrams have them very tightly tied to its supply line ... resource hungry and needing lots of constant maintenance. Boyd may have assumed Abrams could have executed the left hook based on Abrams top speed but not appreciated how tightly they are tied to their supply lines.

... aka reference in article to having to go back to 80s for significant modernization citing M1 and Bradleys. Effort to "fix" bradleys in the 90s we heard about at Oct's B&B at Quantico. Note my son-in-law was in Fallujah 2004-2005 and Baqubah 2007-2008. This account has Baqubah worse than Fallujah
https://www.amazon.com/Battle-Baqubah-Killing-Our-ebook/dp/B007VBBS9I/

and constantly loosing Abrams and Bradleys ... so many Bradleys were lost that they were resorting to retired unimproved Bradleys (from desert storm) for replacements.

posts &/or WEB urls referencing Boyd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

past posts with elp refs to Abrams
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#46 As an IBM'er just like the Marines only a few good men and women make the cut,
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#69 What Makes collecting sales taxes Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#36 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#48 John Boyd's Art of War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#85 spacewar
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#28 The Reformers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#10 Why the Death of the Tank Is Greatly Exaggerated
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#61 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#64 Royal Pardon For Turing

past posts mentioning Baqubah:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#21 The Age of Unsatisfying Wars
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#2 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#8 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#64 Early use of the word "computer"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#54 Singer Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#49 Cultural attitudes towards failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#86 A Matter of Mindset: Iraq, Sequestration and the U.S. Army
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#30 A Matter of Mindset: Iraq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#38 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#5 Lessons Learned from the Iraq War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#79 As an IBM'er just like the Marines only a few good men and women make the cut,
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#52 What Makes collecting sales taxes Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#60 What Makes collecting sales taxes Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#10 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#48 John Boyd's Art of War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#10 Why the Death of the Tank Is Greatly Exaggerated
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#13 Al-Qaeda-linked force captures Fallujah amid rise in violence in Iraq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#42 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#47 McCain: Send Petraeus back to Iraq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#61 Royal Pardon For Turing

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Washington Post on Target store data thefts

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Washington Post on Target store data thefts
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 08:21:30 -0500
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#56 Washington Post on Target store data thefts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#57 Washington Post on Target store data thefts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#65 Washington Post on Target store data thefts

and recent in (linkedin) Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#77 In a Cyber Breach, Who Pays, Banks or Retailers

A First Look at the Target Intrusion, Malware
http://krebsonsecurity.com/2014/01/a-first-look-at-the-target-intrusion-malware/

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 09:30:23 -0500
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#54 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#55 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#59 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#60 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#69 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

the scenario is that the aggregate commissions on individual 401Ks are higher than on large institutional pension funds ... and the individuals are much less sophisticated and easier to dupe. The problem has been that the large institutional pension funds were attractive targets for both wallstreet and corporate executives.

Wallstreet on one front had ploy getting triple-A ratings on toxic CDOs (getting around institutional pension funds restricted to dealing in "safe" investments, from oct2008 congressional hearings triple-A ratings when both the sellers and the rating agencies knew they weren't worth triple-A) ... and on another front working with corporate executives to liquidate institution pension funds and convert to individual 401K

The next big 401k wipeout: Bonds
http://money.msn.com/investing/the-next-big-401k-wipeout-bonds

from above:
Wall Street has a special talent for duping Main Street investors. It pushed buy-and-hold ahead of the worst decadelong performance in stocks since the Great Depression. It pushed the dot-com bubble. It pushed buy-and-flip housing.

... snip ...

Even Harsh Frontline Program on Retirement Investments Understates How Bad They Are
http://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2013/04/even-harsh-frontline-program-on-retirement-investments-understates-how-bad-they-are.html
PBS Drops Another Bombshell: Wall Street Is Gobbling Up Two-Thirds of Your 401(k)
http://wallstreetonparade.com/2013/04/pbs-drops-another-bombshell-wall-street-is-gobbling-up-two-thirds-of-your-401k/
The Retirement Gamble
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/retirement-gamble/
Is Congress helping Wall Street loot your 401(k)?
http://www.marketwatch.com/story/is-congress-helping-wall-street-loot-your-pension-2013-11-01
Matt Taibbi on Wall Street's Campaign to Loot Public Pensions
http://billmoyers.com/2013/09/30/matt-taibbi-on-wall-streets-campaign-to-loot-public-pensions/
Looting the Pension Funds; All across America, Wall Street is grabbing money meant for public workers
http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/looting-the-pension-funds-20130926
Viewpoints: Pension proposal is good for Wall Street, bad for Main Street
http://www.sacbee.com/2013/12/25/6026453/viewpoints-pension-proposal-is.html

posts mentioning toxic CDOs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 13:05:38 -0500
Stephen Sprunk <stephen@sprunk.org> writes:
Wall St analysts pore over the quarterly and annual reports, comparing each company's numbers with its competitors', and their recommendations are based almost solely on that. They don't know (or care about) the big picture, or even what industry a company is in except to establish who its competitors are.

it is getting more extreme than that ... HFT is microseconds ... and accounts for 70% of trades and is threatening to driving investors out of the market (focusing on new ways to use HFT to game the system)

recent posts mentioning HFT:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#10 What Makes Infrastructure investment not bizarre
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#12 What Makes Infrastructure investment not bizarre
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#50 IBM Furloughs U.S. Hardware Employees to Reduce Costs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#16 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#53 Retirement Savings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#93 High Frequency Terrorism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#1 IBM board OK repurchase of another $15B of stock
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#15 Boyd Blasphemy: Justifying the F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#40 The Wall Street Code: HFT Whisteblower Haim Bodek on Algorithmic Trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#76 A Little More on the Computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#54 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 13:08:03 -0500
hancock4 writes:
Robbing a bank is certainly a rational act. For a little bit of effort and risk one obtains a great deal of crash. Yes, it also is immoral as well as stupid (the risk/reward ratio is actually very bad), but it is still rational.

Black's book from his experience with financial forensics from the S&L days:
https://www.amazon.com/The-Best-Way-Rob-Bank-ebook/dp/B00H5B9Z80/

recent refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#26 The agency problem and how to create a criminogenic environment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#29 The agency problem and how to create a criminogenic environment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#32 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#41 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#43 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#59 John Boyd's Art of War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#49 Royal Pardon For Turing

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 13:18:38 -0500
hancock4 writes:
In certain railroads, accountants threw in every expense they could possibly think of, including overhead, and despite that the passenger trains were profitable.

note that several manufacturing and service companies have been fixing the books so that the actual item being made (or service being provided) appears to be break-even or even loss ... while making lots off financial arm showing all the profit from selling the product/service.

automobile companies have been doing it for couple decades, numbers showing they make ten times more profit off the loans for cars than they make off of building the car. airlines operating at a loss but the parent company showing a profit ... because the books show all the profit is in the subsidiary selling the tickets.

Shifting the profits this way can go a long way to keeping lid on the wages of people actually making things and/or providing services (since the financial stuff have relatively small staffs with most of the work being done by computers).

Age of Greed
https://www.amazon.com/Age-Greed-Triumph-Finance-Decline-ebook/dp/B004DEPF6I/

pg191:
By the time Welch left in 2000, GE Capital's earnings had grown by some eighty times to well more than $5 billion, while the number of its employees did not even double. It provided half of GE's profits.

... snip and pg200:
He mostly stopped trying to create great new products, hence the reduction in R&D. He took the heart out of his businesses, he did not put it in, as he had always hoped to do. What made his strategy possible, and fully shaped it, was the rising stock market--and the new ideology that praised free markets even as they failed.

... snip ...

Past posts mentioning age of greed:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#3 We are on the brink of a historic decision [referring to defence cuts]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#30 Age of Greed: The Triumph of Finance and the Decline of America, 1970 to the Present
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#31 Who originated the phrase "user-friendly"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#37 Romney's Opponents Intensify Attacks as Voting Nears
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#40 Age of Greed: The Triumph of Finance and the Decline of America, 1970 to the Present
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#45 You may ask yourself, well, how did I get here?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#47 Avoiding a lost decade
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#48 Fed's image tarnished by newly released documents
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#57 The Myth of Work-Life Balance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#62 Railroaded
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#70 Regulatory Agency logo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#72 Chris Dodd's SOPA crusading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#77 Age of Greed: The Triumph of Finance and the Decline of America, 1970 to the Present
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#79 Bain: A consulting firm too hot to handle? (Fortune, 1987)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#87 The PC industry is heading for collapse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#92 Has anyone successfully migrated off mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#95 Can anyone offer some insight
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#12 Sun Tzu, Boyd, strategy and extensions of same
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#19 "Buffett Tax" and truth in numbers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#29 The speeds of thought, complexities of problems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#43 Where are all the old tech workers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#54 The New Age Bounty Hunger -- Showdown at the SEC Corral
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#74 IBM Doing Some Restructuring?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#90 IBM Doing Some Restructuring?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#99 New theory of moral behavior may explain recent ethical lapses in banking industry
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#2 Occupy the SEC (Securities & Exchange Commission)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#5 Too big not to fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#19 Occupy the SEC Pitches An Extreme Makeover of Wall Street
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#54 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#62 Why Is Finance So Big?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#13 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#14 PC industry is heading for more change
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#48 IBM cuts more than 1,000 U.S. workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#71 Memory versus processor speed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#91 The Fractal Organization: Creating sustainable organizations with the Viable System Model
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#35 Inequality and Investment Bubbles: A Clearer Link Is Established
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#66 Predator GE: We Bring Bad Things to Life
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#74 Psychology Of Fraud: Why Good People Do Bad Things
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#86 The Dangers of High-Frequency Trading; Wall Street's Speed Freaks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#7 Adult Supervision
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#16 Psychology Of Fraud: Why Good People Do Bad Things
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#20 Psychology Of Fraud: Why Good People Do Bad Things
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#22 Psychology Of Fraud: Why Good People Do Bad Things
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#73 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#80 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#84 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#16 Hierarchy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#25 US economic update. Everything that follows is a result of what you see here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#26 US economic update. Everything that follows is a result of what you see here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#27 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#29 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#31 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#32 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#37 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#38 Other Than In Computers, Civilization Basically Stopped Progressing In The 1960s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#41 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#46 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#77 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#1 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#65 Thousands Of IBM Employees Got A Nasty Surprise Yesterday: Here's The Email They Saw
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#66 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#74 What voters are really choosing in November
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#81 GBP13tn: hoard hidden from taxman by global elite
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#22 Four Signs Your Awesome Investment May Actually Be A Ponzi Scheme
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#37 If all of the American earned dollars hidden in off shore accounts were uncovered and taxed do you think we would be able to close the deficit gap?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#13 Cultural attitudes towards failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#8 General Mills computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#78 Beyond the 10,000 Hour Rule
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#11 IBM Is Changing The Terms Of Its Retirement Plan, Which Is Frustrating Some Employees
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#44 Search Google, 1960:s-style
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#64 IBM Is Changing The Terms Of Its Retirement Plan, Which Is Frustrating Some Employees
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#36 Bank Whistleblower Claims Retaliation And Wrongful Termination
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#33 Management Secrets From Inside GE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#50 IBM Furloughs U.S. Hardware Employees to Reduce Costs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#51 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#89 Behold The Face Of Central Banker Hubris

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 13:29:26 -0500
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#71 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#73 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

between national lab 4341 compute farm and ha/cmp cluster scale-up ... I had intermediate proposal for packing large numbers of processor chips in racks ... being able to use mixture of 801/risc iliad chips and 370 roman chips. this was at same time working with NSF on tieing together the NSF supercomputers (which morphs into NSFNET backbone precursor to modern internet). Old email being torn between doing scheduled presentation to the director of NSF and running a rack/cluster meeting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#email850312
above also mentions $120M in total going for San Diego Supercomputer center and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#email850313
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#email850314

other NSFNET related email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#nsfnet
recent post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#28 The History of the Grid

this was in time-frame that SLAC was doing bit-slice 168E ... i.e. enough of 370 computer to run problem state fortran for initial data reduction of sensor collection along the accelerator ... i.e. executing at 168 speeds ... aka 3mips ... later upgraded to 3081E ... 5-7MIPS. Gustavson comes out of slac with SCI proposal (and head of SCI committee).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalable_Coherent_Interface

168E/3081E refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#43 IBM 5100 [Was: First DESKTOP Unix Box?]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003n.html#8 The IBM 5100 and John Titor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#72 zEC12, and previous generations, "why?" type question - GPU computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#27 World's worst programming environment?

SCI isn't just limited to scalable cache coherency with asynchronous, concurrent transfer in both directions on serial links ... but also does various kinds of transfers (somewhat overlapping fibre channel standard)

Mid-90s we get asked into research group of chip company (mentioned in upthread about moving off vm370 3081 to ten sun servers in the 80s) ... they have one of the sun sparc engineers working on SLIC chip ... transfer version of SCI ... that he wants to interconnect campus environment of up to 10,000 distributed machines. What they ask us to do is commercialize/productize SUN's object-oriented SPRING operating system to run the distributed environment. I've got SPRING hardcopy ... online gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine
https://web.archive.org/web/20030404182953/http://java.sun.com/people/kgh/spring/

... part of description of SPRING's "A Client-Side Stub Interpreter"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#32 Whom Do Programmers Admire Now???

there has been past discussions about how much of SPRING's interpreter influenced GREEN and JAVA (when SPRING was shutdown, they moved the people over to JAVA).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#51 A Speculative question
old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010.html#email960203
in this post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010.html#44 Larrabee delayed: anyone know what's happening?

other triva ... same time the resourch group was working on SLIC chip ... was also working on genetic algorithm chip testing. Number of chip circuits had grown so large that it was no longer practical to do complete test coverage of all possible cases. They had a couple professors at Stanford working on it and turning out bunch of patents. They had also hired the top ten mathematicians in Moscow for $100k/annum (not per, but aggregate).

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

The Search for the Lost Cray Supercomputer OS

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: The Search for the Lost Cray Supercomputer OS
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 14:00:10 -0500
The Search for the Lost Cray Supercomputer OS
http://www.linux.com/news/enterprise/high-performance/147-high-performance/757666-the-search-for-the-lost-cray-supercomputer-os
The search for the lost Cray supercomputer OS
http://gigaom.com/2014/01/14/the-search-for-the-lost-cray-supercomputer-os/

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 14:57:39 -0500
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#75 Royal Pardon For Turing

a little more gold/commodity

Precious Metals Manipulation Worse Than Libor Scandal, German Regulator Says

http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2014-01-16/precious-metals-manipulation-worse-libor-german-regulator-says
Metals, Currency Rigging Worse Than Libor, Bafin Chief Says
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-01-16/metals-currency-rigging-worse-than-libor-bafin-s-koenig-says.html

Fed may restrict bank ownership of commodities
http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2014/01/14/214504/fed-may-restrict-bank-ownership.html
Federal Reserve May Continue To Promote Wall Street's Expansion Into Commodities
http://news.firedoglake.com/2014/01/14/federal-reserve-may-continue-to-promote-wall-streets-expansion-into-commodities/
Are Banks About to Win on Commodities Trading After Their Success in Watering Down Basel III Capital Rules?
http://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2014/01/banks-win-commodities-trading-success-watering-basel-iii-capital-rules.html

Griftopia has chapter that CFTC had rule that only allowed players with positions in the commodity to play because speculators result in wild, irrational price swings. Then 19 "secret" letters were sent that allowed 19 (mostly bank) speculators to play ... the result included the wild spike in oil over $100 the summer of 2008. Later a senator released transaction data showing that the speculators were behind the wild spike in oil over $100 the summer of 2008. Most of the main stream press instead of lauding the senator for releasing the transaction data, heavily criticized him.

posts mentioning libor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#libor
posts mentioning griftopia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#griftopia

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 17:28:23 -0500
Patrick Scheible <kkt@zipcon.net> writes:
There may be other problems there as well. The tunnelling company is sending workers down a hold drilled from the surfact in front of the drill head.

most recent stories are that the undocumented pipe is clearly shown on drawings given out with the original bidding
http://blogs.seattletimes.com/today/2014/01/drilling-begins-to-try-to-remove-pipe-blocking-bertha/

DOT revealed Friday that Bertha has been obstructed since early December by an 8-inch-diameter well casing, left behind by one of the Highway 99 project's own research crews in 2002. DOT says the well was shown in reference drawings given to contractor Seattle Tunnel Partners.

... snip ...

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 18:29:02 -0500
Ibmekon writes:
Indeed.

For a daytime trader, playing SNAP with a computer is pretty futile.

But then howabout the guy who invented the ZIP trading program and gave it to IBM - one very dumb smart person.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave_Cliff_%28computer_scientist%29

That program replaced the floor traders.
http://money.cnn.com/2013/07/08/investing/stock-market-citadel/

Wave energy collectors use a bobbing buoy. They just need movement up or down, either way you get energy.

The trading algorithms operate on stock prices similary - and the hourly release of economic indicators just feeds the dynamo.


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#54 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#82 Royal Pardon For Turing

HFT will front run a few milliseconds ... competing with other HFTs ... regardless of whether it is going up or down
http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2013/07/hfts-unfair-trading-advantage-front-running/

and, in part using HFT to obfuscate what is going on.

old reference implying that manipulating the market was wide spread with little or nothing to worry about from SEC ... even before HFT
http://nypost.com/2007/03/20/cramer-reveals-a-bit-too-much/

Computerized Front Running and Financial Fraud
http://www.globalresearch.ca/computerized-front-running-and-financial-fraud/18809

Dear SEC, This Is HFT "Cheating" At Its Most Obvious. Regards, Everyone Else
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-01-04/dear-sec-hft-cheating-its-most-obvious-regards-everyone-else
HFT Stock Manipulation In Action

http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-06-11/hft-stock-manipulation-action
Busted! HFT Algo Goes Wild in Nasdaq Futures Moments Before Job Number Hits
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-11-11/busted-hft-algo-goes-wild-nasdaq-futures-moments-job-number-hits
Watch The Banned HFT Spoofing Algo In Action
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-07-23/watch-banned-hft-spoofing-algo-action
Today's Mad 'Manipulated' World Of Markets; Or "How To Fit 2 Seconds Of Trading Into 1 Millisecond!"
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/todays-mad-manipulated-world-markets-or-how-fit-2-seconds-trading-1-millisecond
Here Is Today's 482 Millisecond NFP Leak, The Subsequent Gold Slam And Trading Halts In Treasurys And ES
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-06-07/here-todays-482-millisecond-nfp-leak-and-subsequent-gold-slam-and-trading-halts-trea
HFT Quote Stuffing Market Manipulation Caught In The Act
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/hft-quote-stuffing-market-manipulation-caught-act

It's Official: HFT Breaks Speed-of-Light Barrier, Sets Trading Speed World Record
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/its-official-hft-breaks-speed-light-barrier-sets-trading-speed-world-record

from above:
HFT has reached speeds faster than time itself. Up to 190 milliseconds into the future, or 0.19 fantaseconds is the record so far. It all happened in just over one second of trading, the evidence buried under an avalanche of about 19,000 quotations and 3,000 individual trade executions. The facts of the matter are indisputable. Based on official exchange timestamps, there is unmistakable proof that YHOO trades were executed on quotes that didn't exist until 190 milliseconds later!

... snip ...

a little creative phrasing

Reuters Admits To "Inadvertently" Leaking ISM Data 15 Milliseconds Early To HFT Clients
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-06-05/reuters-admits-inadvertently-leaking-ism-data-15-milliseconds-early-hft-clients
15 Milliseconds Of HFT Fame: Watch Today's Early Leak Of The ISM Print
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-06-03/watch-todays-15-millisecond-leak-ism-print

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Washington Post on Target store data thefts

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Washington Post on Target store data thefts
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 18:56:36 -0500
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#56 Washington Post on Target store data thefts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#57 Washington Post on Target store data thefts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#65 Washington Post on Target store data thefts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#80 Washington Post on Target store data thefts

The Malware That Duped Target Has Been Found
http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2014/01/target-malware-identified/
Security firm IDs malware used in Target attack
http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9245491/Security_firm_IDs_malware_used_in_Target_attack

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 21:28:12 -0500
Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
History of the aircraft carrier
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_aircraft_carrier


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#66 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#72 Royal Pardon For Turing

a little more

Doubling the Fleet: An Analysis of the Causal Factors Behind the U.S. Navy's Warship Building Program from 1933-1941
https://www.amazon.com/Doubling-Fleet-Analysis-Building-1933-1941-ebook/dp/B005IHW8BO/

loc419-20:
Its allowance for aircraft carrier capital ship construction helped to infuse enthusiasm for naval aviation where previously there had been little.

... snip ...

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 22:41:50 -0500
"Stanley Daniel de Liver" <admin@127.0.0.1> writes:
You leave Mr Bush alone, he's old, and Iraq was a long time ago.

which bush and which iraq???

some recent
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#11 NSA seeks to build quantum computer that could crack most types of encryption
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#13 Al-Qaeda-linked force captures Fallujah amid rise in violence in Iraq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#42 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#44 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#46 What Gates Didn't Get Done
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#47 McCain: Send Petraeus back to Iraq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#49 What Gates Didn't Get Done

in boyd group, there was just discussion why the left hook failed to capture all the retreating iraqis during desert storm ... boyd had done the battle plan for desert storm which called for capturing the retreating iraqi forces with the left hook ... the failure is attributed to risk adversion by the forces assigned to the left hook.

i pontificate in this blog that saddam had learned from desert storm not to have direct confrontation and instead setup for insurgency
http://slightlyeastofnew.com/2014/01/13/can-america-win-wars/

in the iraq invasion, things were significantly complicated because the justification for the invasion was fabricated (*and* Saddam wasn't going to play according to the US battle strategy).

posts and web urls mentioning Boyd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 23:50:41 -0500
Patrick Scheible <kkt@zipcon.net> writes:
And Axis losses at Midway and Malta.

The Wars for Asia, 1911-1949 loc3988-97:
Unknown to the Japanese, the United States had broken their diplomatic and naval codes and so knew the itineraries of the ships converging on Midway, where it sank four, or one-third, of Japan's twelve difficult-to-replace aircraft carriers.102 In doing so, it overturned vague German and Japanese plans to join up in India and precluded further Japanese expansion in the Pacific. Midway was Japan's first major defeat since the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War. Henceforth the Japanese would have to defend what they had. For many months the Imperial Japanese Navy concealed its aircraft carrier losses from both the army and the civilian leadership.103 It did inform Emperor Hirohito, who kept the bad news to himself as if it would go away.104 So, no one examined how the United States, with inferior naval assets, had miraculously managed to converge them at just the right spot in the expansive Pacific theater to sink one Japanese carrier after another and the army maintained its war plans on the assumption that Japan still had twelve carriers.

... snip ...

Battle of Midway (June1942)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Midway

American Caesar: Douglas MacArthur 1880 - 1964 log7886-90:
Thus ended the Battle of Leyte Gulf. It had involved 282 warships, compared with 250 at Jutland in 1916, until then the greatest naval engagement in history. And unlike Jutland, which neither side had won, this action had been decisive. The Americans had lost one light carrier, two escort carriers, and three destroyers. They had sunk four carriers, three battleships, six heavy cruisers, three light cruisers, and eight destroyers. Except for sacrificial kamikaze fliers, who made their debut in this battle, Japanese air and naval strength would never again be serious instruments in the war.

... snip ...

Battle of Leyte Gulf (Oct1944)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Leyte_Gulf

some recent refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#10 The Knowledge Economy Two Classes of Workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#60 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#69 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#77 What Makes collecting sales taxes Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#64 OT: "Highway Patrol" back on TV
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#70 OT: "Highway Patrol" back on TV
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#74 Royal Pardon For Turing

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Santa has a Mainframe!

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: Santa has a Mainframe!
Date: 16 Jan 2014
Blog: Enterprise Systems
tpc.org at the moment isn't showing any tpmC clustered results (top clustered tpmC use to have 32 M... or 600M in less than 20mins). The top non-clustered tpmC currently showing is 8.5M tpmC or 600M in 71mins (and $.55/tpmC)
http://www.tpc.org/tpcc/results/tpcc_perf_results.asp
description
http://www.tpc.org/tpcc/detail.asp

disclaimer: Jim Gray is credited with initial creation of TPC
http://www.tpc.org/information/who/gray.asp
... I worked with Jim back in the System/R days ... the original relational/sql implementation ... precursor to modern day DB2. posts mentioning System/R
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr

IBM Stuffs Flash Into Next-Generation Servers; IBM moves flash storage inside the box -- 12.8 TB of it -- to work alongside RAM and cut data movement latencies.
http://www.informationweek.com/cloud/infrastructure-as-a-service/ibm-stuffs-flash-into-next-generation-servers/d/d-id/1113387?

from above:
The 840 can perform 1.1 million I/O operations per second. That would support 40,000 credit card transactions per second.

... snip ...

In 1988, I was asked to help LLNL standardize some stuff they had ... and a whole lot of high-performance, asynchronous concurrent and latency compensation went into it ... which eventually morphs into fibre channel standard. Later some POK channel engineers layer a very heavy-weight protocol on top of fibre channel standard that significantly cuts the native throughput ... this eventually comes out as FICON. The IBM z196 "peak i/o" benchmark gets 2M IOPS using 104 FICONS (layered on top of 104 fibre channel standard). About the same time a single fibre channel was announced for e5-2600 blade that claims over one million IOPS (two such fibre channel have higher throughput than 104 FICONs). posts mentioning FICON
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon

In 1980, I had been asked to do channel-extender support for STL (now silicon valley lab), they were bursting at the seams and were moving 300 people from the IMS group to an off-site bldg with service back to STL datacenter. They had tried remote 3270 but found the human factors totally unacceptable. My channel-extender work downloaded channel programs into remote channel emulation box allowing "local" channel-attached controllers to be located at the off-site bldg. Download I/O programs to the remote site enormously cut the channel protocol chatter and latency involved. Note none of this then shows up in shipped IBM product. However, it had a lot to do with 1) in 1988 being asked to help LLNL standardize with what becomes fibre channel standard and 2) optimization and throughput that went into fibre channel standard. Negating all this throughput optimization is major issue with FICON throughput ... and only recently has a little of this optimization been introduced at the FICON layer (over 30yrs later)

Note that the channel-extender work for STL and the IMS group had nothing to do with consulting to the IMS group on database technology ... which Jim Gray palmed off on me when he left IBM San Jose Research for Tandem ... or the DASD engineers over in bldg. 14&15 kept on nagging me to play disk engineer.

The opening discussion was how many transactions was Santa doing and basically an assertion implying it would be a mainframe. Part of the issue is that it has been a very long time since there have been transaction rates published for mainframe ... so it might not be a foregone conclusion that it is a mainframe.

part of the issue in the max. configured z196 peak i/o benchmark is that the system assist processors saturate at 2.2M SSCH/sec ... but recommendation is to keep system assist processor load to 1.5M SSCH/sec or less (to avoid various kinds of contention and delays).

Note that the majority of the mobile platforms connect to large cloud megadatacenters ... these megadatacenters are operated with a staff of between 60 & 120 people and most of them, each individually, contain more processing power than the aggregate of all mainframes in the world today. The server chip manufactures claim that they now ship more chips directly to megadatacenters (that assemble their own servers) than to brand name server vendors (IBM, DELL, HP, etc). A max-configured z196 is rated at 50BIPS and goes for $28M or $560K/BIPS. A e5-2600 blade has rating between 400BIPS and 600BIPS and IBM has a base list price of $1815 ... or $3.50/BIPS. The megadatacenters claim they assemble their own servers for 1/3rd the cost of brand name vendors (or around $1/BIPS) and a megadatacenter will contain hundreds of thousands of such servers. With the radical reduction in system costs ... other costs of operating a megadatacenter start to dominate ... which is motivation for the megadatacenters being on the forefront of green (industry standard benchmarks use to be just top throughput and system cost/transaction ... but now also include things like energy cost per transaction).

It is also I/O ... that is upthread reference to native FCS I/O latency and throughput is significantly higher than FICON (which is an enormously heavyweight protocol layer ontop of FCS that radically reduces mainframe throughput).

The other issue is most of the mainframe systems are still locked into CKD DASD ... however there hasn't been any real CKD DASD manufactured for decades ... all being simulated (which adds another layer of inefficiency and overhead) on industry standard fixed-block disks.

disclaimer: long ago and far away I was told that even if I provided MVS with fully integrated and tested FBA support ... I would still need a $26M business case to cover documentation and training. I wasn't allowed to show efficiency and/or lifetime savings ... I could only use profit from incremental new disk sales (and claim was that at the time, customers were buying disks as fast as they could be built ... so FBA support would just change from CKD DASD sales to same amount FBA disks sales).

So a single E5-2600 blade is approx. processing power as 10 max. configured z196 at a trivial fraction of the cost. IBM has come out with new rack design that packs an enormous number of E5-2600 blades. The recent E5-2600 FCS claiming over one million IOPS ... then has two such FCS with more throughput than 104 FICONs in the max z196 I/O benchmark ... about 50:1 in I/O per FCS and 10:1 in processing power at trivial fraction of the cost. This I/O would also go directly to native industry fixed-block disks w/o the overhead of the CKD emulation.

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 17 Jan 2014 10:36:54 -0500
Walter Bushell <proto@panix.com> writes:
It seems that banks are hit all the time and the banks don't publicize it. Walking by a bank on 72nd street in Manhattan, I was told it was just robbed. Of course the bank robbers usually get <$100 and they get caught and it's a federal case.

reference to the best way to rob a bank is to own one (this sort of fraud totally swamps all other criminal activity)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#49 Royal Pardon For Turing

or work for one ... past studies are that 70% of data breaches involved insiders. posts mentioning data breach notification act (in part because institutions didn't want exposure of the breach)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification

however, there is also the case of too big to fail outsourcing financial transaction processing y2k remediation to the lowest bidder ... and only later finding out it was front for a criminal organization. some past refs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009l.html#37 Disksize history question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#19 Personal use z/OS machines was Re: Multiprise 3k for personal Use?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#76 Mainframe hacking?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#41 60 Minutes News Report:Unemployed for over 99 weeks!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#39 TCM's Moguls documentary series
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#44 Programmer Charged with thieft (maybe off topic)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#69 No command, and control
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#32 CMS Sort Descending?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#49 Does outsourcing cause data loss?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#90 Query for Destination z article -- mainframes back to the future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#20 How about the old mainframe error messages that actually give you a clue about what's broken

reference to criminal organizations setting up ATM cash machine manufacturing (with embedded malware) and selling them to financial institutions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#56

posts mentioning too big to fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 17 Jan 2014 11:56:30 -0500
Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
slightly related on US going into Afghanistan ... Robb's has account of how the Taliban had eliminated poppy growing in all the districts it controlled ... but it made many of the tribal leaders unhappy with the loss of financial ... other crops brought in much less money than drugs ... US was able to come in and play on that dissatisfaction. loc2082-84:

When the United States decided to support the Northern Alliance before it attacked the Taliban in early 2002, U.S. officials took action to ensure this disaffection. Direct payments from Central Intelligence Agency operatives and the potential of unfettered opium production under the Northern Alliance exerted a powerful influence on Afghanistan's guerrilla entrepreneurs.

... snip ...


re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#69 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

Afghanistan Is On The Verge Of Becoming A Narco State
http://warnewsupdates.blogspot.com/2014/01/afghanistan-is-on-verge-of-becoming.html

includes this and numerous other references

U.S. Official: Afghanistan Could Become 'Narco-Criminal State'
http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/01/15/262752712/u-s-official-afghanistan-could-become-narco-criminal-state

other posts in thread
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#54 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#55 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#59 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#60 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#81 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing

posts mentioning money laundering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#money.laundering
posts mentioning too big to fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Santa has a Mainframe!

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From: lynn@garlic.com
Subject: Santa has a Mainframe!
Date: 17 Jan 2014
Blog: Enterprise Systems
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#94 Santa has a Mainframe!

this is a decade of dec vax sliced&diced by model, year, US/non-us ... towards the mid-80s, workstations and large PCs were already starting to take over that market.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#0

IBM's 4300s sold into the same market in similar numbers ... the big difference was large corporations ordering hundreds of 4300s at a time going out into departmental supply & conference rooms ... the leading edge of the distributed computing tsunami (so many being installed internally inside ibm that conference rooms became a scarce resource). They were expecting to see similar sales explosion in the 4361/4381 follow-on to the 4331/4341 but by that time the low&mid-range market was already starting to move to workstations and large PCs. some old 4300 email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#43xx

Besides huge explosion in distributed vm/4300 (both inside ibm and at customers), clusters of vm/4341 in datacenters was competing with 3033 & 3081s. A cluster of vm/4341 was cheaper than 3033, more aggregate computer power, more aggregate i/o capacity, more aggregate real storage ... and significantly smaller environmental resources. The problem got to the point that the head of POK got the allocation of critial 4300 manufacturing component cut in half.

The original relational/sql RDBMS implementation was System/R on vm370/145 at IBM San Jose Research ... when Jim left for Tandem ... not only palming dbms consulting with the IMS group ... he wanted me to support the customers installing System/R ... this is old email about Bank of America putting in 60 distributed vm/4341s:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010.html#email800311
this is reference to helping with national lab benchmark wanting to put in compute farm of 70 4341s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#email790220
this is old email about Air Force Data Systems initially looking at 20 distributed 4341s but grows to 210
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#email790404b

disclaimer: as undergraduate at the univ. in the 60s, the univ library got an ONR grant to do online catalog ... part of the money went to getting a 2321 datacell. The project was also selected to be betatest site for original CICS product and I got tasked with debugging CICS.

In the late 80s, a senior disk engineer got a talk scheduled at the annual, worldwide, internal communication group conference, supposedly on 3174 controller performance, but opened the talk with the statement that the communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division. The issue was that the communication group had stranglehold on datacenters with corporate strategic ownership of everything that crossed the datacenter walls, but were fiercely fighting to preserve their dumb (emulated) terminal paradigm and fighting off distributed computing. The disk division was seeing drop in disk sales as data was fleeing the datacenter to more distributed computing platforms. The disk division was coming up with solutions to address the opportunity that were constantly being vetoed by the communication group. A few short years later the corporation goes into the red and is reorganized into the 13 "baby blues" in preparation for breaking up the company. However before that happens, the board brings in Gerstner to reverse the breakup and resurrect the company.

What kicked this whole thing off was the Santa requirement for "transactions" ... RDBMS transactions work the same across all platforms. As I posted at start of discussion, Jim Gray was major force in creating the definition of "transaction" and TPC benchmarks. IBM (and other vendors) has done hundreds (thousands) of server transaction benchmarks ... at least for its non-mainframe platforms (not just Intel). As already established, I/O, FICON and DASD are actually industry standard components (common across all the platforms) with mainframe legacy emulation layered on top (that adds significant overhead and cut throughput). The Santa scenario just mentions the system needed to perform the indicated number of transactions.

For the BIPS processor benchmark comparison ... the benchmark measure is the number of iterations divided by the base number of iterations done by 370/158 assumed to be a 1MIP processor (aka effectively multiplier times that of 370/158 unrelated to actually number of instructions executed).

Disclaimer: I had done dynamic adaptive resource management as undergraduate in the 60s which was picked up and used by IBM in virtual machine CP67 scheduler and then also in the follow-on VM370. In the 80s, the MVS TSO product administrator asked if I would redo the MVS scheduler to provide similar capability to what was available in VM370 (I declined). I had graceful degradation and responsiveness at 100% utilization decades before MVS.

Big cloud megadatacenters now have very sophisticated dynamic adaptive resource scheduler ... even load balancing across megadatacenters (where each individual megadatacenter has more processing power than the aggregate of all mainframes in the world).

RISC server chips have had significant performance advantage over i86 ... however increasingly i86 server chips have migrated to risc cores with hardware layer that translates i86 instructions into RISC microops ... that negates the RISC performance advantage.

z900, 16 processors, 2.5BIPS (156MIPS/proc), Dec2000
z990, 32 processors, 9BIPS, (281MIPS/proc), 2003
z9, 54 processors, 18BIPS (333MIPS/proc), July2005
z10, 64 processors, 30BIPS (469MIPS/proc), Feb2008
z196, 80 processors, 50BIPS (625MIPS/proc), Jul2010
EC12, 101 processors, 75BIPS (743MIPS/proc), Aug2012


The claim is that at least half of the per processor throughput improvement going from z10 to z196 is something similar, incorporating increasing amount of features (that have beein in risc for decades) in the processor core. Something similar is claimed for the per processor from z196 to EC12 ... increasing amount of RISC technology (increasingly similar internal processor characteristics).

By comparison e5-2600v1 blade has two chips with 8processors/chip for 16 processors and processing rating of 527BIPS (33BIPS/proc) ... i86 server chips have been at the transition to RISC for longer period. The newest e5-2600v2 blades from IBM (and others) are the newer chip process with 12processors/chip for 24processors total (the external instruction set differences are becoming less & less of an issue).

Hopefully paying $560,000/BIPS will get you something more than paying $1/BIPS. Note also IBM financials has IBM mainframe group (processor, storage, software, & services) earning $6.25 total for every dollar of processor sales .... aka a $28M max configured z196 would come to $175M total IBM revenue or $3.5M/BIPS. some cloud
http://datacenterpost.com/2013/04/mega-datacenters-pioneering-future-of.html
and
http://research.gigaom.com/report/how-the-mega-data-center-is-changing-the-hardware-and-data-center-markets/
even IBM
http://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2014/01/17/ibm-commits-1-2-billion-cloud-adding-15-global-data-centers/

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

Royal Pardon For Turing

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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 17 Jan 2014 21:05:02 -0500
"2671" <2671@gmail.com> writes:
The main driver for the property bubble was interest rates held much too low for much too long, AAA ratings for CDOs that didn't come even close to qualifying for a AAA rating, which meant that those who wrote sub prime loans only cared about the commission they received and not whether the loan would be repaid or not, and the terminally stupid US non recourse mortgage system which basically means that if you turn out not to be able to flip the property when you think you will be able to, you can just hand the keys back with no financial penalty whatever if you borrowed enough initially to cover the initial loan repayments.

It had nothing to do with Glass Stegal at all. Neither Canada nor Australia ever had anything like Glass Stegal, and had MUCH bigger banks per capita than the US did and not one of their retail banks imploded spectacularly or even needed to be bailed out by government.


securitized mortgages had been used during the S&L crisis to obfuscate fraudulent mortgages (but w/o triple-A rating they had little uptake). late 90s, we were asked to look at improving the integrity of supporting documents in securitized mortages as countermeasure. However, when they came up with paying for triple-A rating (even when they weren't worth it), triple-A rating trumps documentation and they could start doing no-documentation loans (and w/o documentation there was no longer question of documentation integrity). This sort of comes up when there was fiction that TARP funds would be used to buy too big to fail toxic assets ... and difficulty of acurately pricing triple-A rated toxic CDOs (w/o having supporting documentation).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo

there then was over $27T done during the bubble (claims that it was major factor in wallstreet tripling in size as percent of GDP during the bubble)
Evil Wall Street Exports Boomed With 'Fools' Born to Buy Debt
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2008-10-27/evil-wall-street-exports-boomed-with-fools-born-to-buy-debt

at end of 2008, the four largest too big to fail were still carrying $5.2T in toxic assets "off-book". The $700B appropriate for TARP was no where near enough to make any dent in the problem. Then the fiction of lending the TARP funds to the too big to fail ... while FED buys trillions of toxic assets for 98cents on the dollar (fall of 2008, several tens of billions in toxic assets were going for 22cents on the dollar) ... in addition to lending trillions to too big to fail at near zero. Bernanke later complains that he figured that the too big to fail would turn around and lend it to mainstreet, however they were buying treasuries and using the spread to payoff the TARP loans and pay huge executive bonuses (and Bernanke claims he had no way to force them to lend to mainstreet). posts mentioning Bernanke
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#bernanke

Jan2009 I was asked to HTML'ize the Pecora Hearings (senate hearings that resulted in Glass-Steagall) with lots of internal x-links and URLs between what happened then and what happened this time (some expectation that the new congress had an appetite to do something). After working on it for awhile, I got a call that it wouldn't be needed after all (reference to enormous piles of wallstreet money blanketing capital hill). misc. posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#Pecora&/orGlass-Steagall

While repeal of Glass-Steagall wasn't cause of the triple-A ratings ... the repeal of Glass-Steagall plays a significant factor in the rise of too big to fail ... not being held accountable ... as well of evolving into too big to prosecute and too big to jail ... not just the triple-A but also for major money laundering for terriorists and drug cartels ... as well as expanding list of other illegal activity. posts mentioning money laundering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#money.laundering

The general atmosphere of deregulation and/or not enforcing regulation was responsible for repeal of Glass-Steagall as well as allowing triple-A ratings. For instance Sarbanes-Oxley ... not only promised that SEC would prosecute executives and auditors for fraudulent financial filings ... but SOX also required SEC do something about the rating agencies (responsible for giving the triple-A ratings on toxic CDOs when they knew they weren't worth triple-A). past posts mentioning SOX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#sarbanes-oxley
which supposedly also was to prevent future ENRONs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#enron

Possibly because even GAO didn't think SEC was doing anything it started doing reports of fraudlent financial filings, even showing uptic after SOX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#financial.reporting.fraud.fraud

no. 2 on times list for those responsible
http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1877351_1877350_1877330,00.html

GLBA act that repeals Glass-Steagall ... but also a number of other things ... including provision in commodities futures modernizaion act preventing CDSs from being regulated.

Gramm and the 'Enron Loophole'
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/17/business/17grammside.html

from above:
Enron was a major contributor to Mr. Gramm's political campaigns, and Mr. Gramm's wife, Wendy, served on the Enron board, which she joined after stepping down as chairwoman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.

... snip ...

Phil Gramm's Enron Favor
https://web.archive.org/web/20080711114839/http://www.villagevoice.com/2002-01-15/news/phil-gramm-s-enron-favor/

from above:
A few days after she got the ball rolling on the exemption, Wendy Gramm resigned from the commission. Enron soon appointed her to its board of directors, where she served on the audit committee, which oversees the inner financial workings of the corporation. For this, the company paid her between $915,000 and $1.85 million in stocks and dividends, as much as $50,000 in annual salary, and $176,000 in attendance fees,

... snip ...

Greenspan Slept as Off-Books Debt Escaped Scrutiny
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601109&refer=home&sid=aYJZOB_gZi0I

from above:
That same year Greenspan, Treasury Secretary Robert Rubin and SEC Chairman Arthur Levitt opposed an attempt by Brooksley Born, head of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, to study regulating over-the-counter derivatives. In 2000, Congress passed a law keeping them unregulated.

... snip ...

Brooksley was fairly quickly replaced by Wendy Gramm as head of Commodity Futures Trading Commission (pending clause by her husband preventing regulating CDS) before Wendy then resigned to join Enron's board.

Alan Greenspan head of FED, #3 on times list of those responsible
http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1877351_1877350_1877331,00.html

Chris Cox head of SEC, #4 on times list of those responsible
http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1877351_1877350_1877323,00.html

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970

the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!

Refed: **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **, - **
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sat, 18 Jan 2014 00:00:13 -0500
Dan Espen <despen@verizon.net> writes:
Now I'm confused. Is that something unique to a 3705? I thought all NCP devices were accessed with a UCB. But even when we had 37x5s in house we continued to use them as 270xs.

3705
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_3705_Communications_Controller
two kinds of channel adapters
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_3705_Communications_Controller#Channel_Adapters

1/4 designed for 270x emulation ... 256 channel address ... aka subchannel address/ucb per line ... 3705 "EP" emulation program

2/3 for NCP use only, one device address ... higher level protocol with NCP managing lines.

some amount of NCP complexity/intergration is attributed to conforming to goals of Future System effort (even after FS implodes)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

The rise and fall of IBM
https://www.ecole.org/en/session/49-the-rise-and-fall-of-ibm

from above ("react" reference is to clone controllers):
IBM tried to react by launching a major project called the 'Future System' (FS) in the early 1970's. The idea was to get so far ahead that the competition would never be able to keep up, and to have such a high level of integration that it would be impossible for competitors to follow a compatible niche strategy. However, the project failed because the objectives were too ambitious for the available technology. Many of the ideas that were developed were nevertheless adapted for later generations. Once IBM had acknowledged this failure, it launched its 'box strategy', which called for competitiveness with all the different types of compatible sub-systems. But this proved to be difficult because of IBM's cost structure and its R&D spending, and the strategy only resulted in a partial narrowing of the price gap between IBM and its rivals.

... snip ...

as an aside, I extended the cp67 2741/1052 terminal support to include ascii/tty ... but in doing so tried to make the 2702 do something it couldn't quite do. Somewhat as a result the univ started a clone controller project using interdata/3, reverse engineering 360 channel interface and building channel board for the interdata/3 programmed to emulate 2702 ... and do the things that 2702 wouldn't do. This gets written up blaming four of us for some part of the clone controller business. This later morphs into a interdata/4 for the channel interface and clusters of interdata/3s dedicated to line-scanner. Interdata markets the implementation to customers. Later Perkin-Elmer acquires Interdata and it is marketed under the Perkin-Elmer logo. some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm

In the time-frame that SNA was evolving my wife was co-author of a networking architecture ... which they had to name "peer-to-peer networking" ... since the communication group had co-opted "networking" for SNA applied to communication. It is (internal) document AWP39. (for a reference the APPN internal architecture document is AWP164)

--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970






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