List of Archived Posts

2001 Newsgroup Postings (11/28 - 12/31)

TSS/360

More newbie stop the war here!

Author seeks help - net in 1981

News IBM loses supercomputer crown

Contiguous file system

Author seeks help - net in 1981

Author seeks help - net in 1981

More newbie stop the war here!

Future applications of smartcard.

NCP

TSS/360

OCO

Author seeks help - net in 1981

Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes

Security glossary available

Replace SNA communication to host with something else

Movies with source code (was Re: Movies with DEC minis)

CM-5 Thinking Machines, Supercomputers

Call for folklore - was Re: So it's cyclical.

New Virus: Emails sent with no message body and _ prefixed to email address

New Virus: Emails sent with no message body and _ prefixed to email address

Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes

Hercules, OCO, and IBM missing a great opportunity

Alpha vs. Itanic: facts vs. FUD

Alpha vs. Itanic: facts vs. FUD

Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes

Open Architectures ?

Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes

Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes

Open Architectures ?

FreeBSD more secure than Linux

Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...

Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...

FreeBSD more secure than Linux

Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...

cc SMP

Movies with source code (was Re: Movies with DEC minis)

Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...

Computer Typesetting Was: Movies with source code

195 was: Computer Typesetting Was: Movies with source code

Google increase archive reach

195 was: Computer Typesetting Was: Movies with source code

Cache coherence [was Re: IBM POWER4 ...]

IBM 1800

PC/370

Valid reference on lunar mission data being unreadable?

Blinking lights

Sysplex Info

The demise of compaq

PC/370

The demise of compaq

The Weakest Link.

9-track tapes (by the armful)

A request for historical information for a computer education project

The demise of compaq

9-track tapes (by the armful)

Certificate Authentication Issues in IE and Verisign

Certificate Authentication Issues in IE and Verisign

Certificate Authentication Issues in IE and Verisign

SSL vs HTTPS

CMS FILEDEF DISK and CONCAT

Google Archive

The demise of compaq

Hyper-Threading Technology - Intel information.

The demise of compaq

Holy Satanism! Re: Hyper-Threading Technology - Intel information.

Holy Satanism! Re: Hyper-Threading Technology - Intel information.

Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...

CM-5 Thinking Machines, Supercomputers

a.f.c history checkup... (was What specifications will the standard year 2001 PC have?)

CM-5 Thinking Machines, Supercomputers

Q: Buffer overflow

Buffer overflow

A PKI question and an answer

The demise of compaq

A PKI question and an answer

Buffer overflow

a.f.c history checkup... (was What specifications will the standard year 2001 PC have?)

Swap partition no bigger than 128MB?????

a.f.c history checkup... (was What specifications will the standard year 2001 PC have?)

a.f.c history checkup... (was What specifications will the standard year 2001 PC have?)

a.f.c history checkup... (was What specifications will the standard year 2001 PC have?)

a.f.c history checkup... (was What specifications will the standard year 2001 PC have?)

CM-5 Thinking Machines, Supercomputers

Buffer overflow

The demise of compaq

a.f.c history checkup... (was What specifications will the standard year 2001 PC have?)

A new forum is up! Q: what means nntp

A new forum is up! Q: what means nntp

TSS/360

Buffer overflow

Buffer overflow

"blocking factors" (Was: Tapes)

Buffer overflow

Secret Key Infrastructure plug compatible with PKI

TSS/360

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: TSS/360
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 29 Nov 2001 06:00:59 GMT

Alistair Gale writes:

Where does MUSIC (McGill University System for Interactive Comnputing)
fit in the history of IBM mainframe timesharing systems?  I used it at
the eponymous universtity in the early '80s to compile and run Watfiv,
PL/I and to play Adventure.  Was/is it used anywhere besides McGill?

there were a number of non-virtual-memory interactive systems for standard
360s .... although MUSIC did see later wide deployment under vm/370.

Most of them came up on standard ibm operating system for various specific
functions ... but took over most of the scheduling and interactive services.

CPS (converstational programming system) done by the IBM Boston
Programming Center was one such. It supported "interactive" PL/I and
there was even optional special 360/50 microcode speedup done for CPS.

Another example is the original apl/360 (or apl\360) done by the ibm
phili science center (cambridge modified it into cms/apl and rewrote
the garbage collection for large workspaces and virtual memory).

A much more "controlled" example would be CICS ... which is brought up
... loads a specific set of interactive environment and manages all of
the resources dedicated to it (although the types of interactive
services available tends to be more controlled and limited than some
of the other interactive offerings). Early IMS also fell somewhat into
similar category.

Stanford had Wylbur which could somewhat be considered another
example.

Another was MUMPS (I think original done somewhere in the boston area,
find it in the medical industry) ... which also eventually saw wide
deployment under VM/370.

Of course another is PARS ... or ACP ... airline control program which
was the mainstay of the airline reservation world (reservation
terminals, check-in counters, etc) ... now called TPF.  It has
somewhat branched out from just purely airline reservation systems
into other industry reservation systems and some of the financial
transaction networks.

That is off the top of my head ... 60s/70s IBM mainframe,
non-virtual-memory, interactive systems (or subsystems).

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

More newbie stop the war here!

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: More newbie stop the war here!
Newsgroups: alt.os.linux,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 29 Nov 2001 15:48:10 GMT

mike writes:

Your absolutely correct.  "Mounting" is a UNIX idea.  I apologize for my
poor example.  Let me rephrase;  Abstracting hardware access is universal.
Windows does it differently from nix  which does it different from macOS.
We do a lot of things different here than the ways your used to...

the are claims that dos inherited the disk letter model from cms (as
in vm/370 cms) plus some misc. other things and some of its other
filesystem characteristics and the hierachial directories from unix.

cms was started by ibm cambridge science center '66 in 545 tech. sq,
cambridge by several people that had worked on CTSS. In the '66 flavor
the base disk/default was "P" (for personnal) which was changed to "A"
(first letter in the alphabet) around '71. This corresponds to the
initial PC/DOS ... pre-hard disk. PC w/hard disk changed to "C" disk
(because dual floppy had taken "A" & "B")

Better known is multics which was also going on in same bldg. 545
tech. sq (about the same time) that also included some number of
former CTSS people ... and unix was somewhat a play/derivative on
multics (aka lineage of both dos & unix trace back thru 545 tech. sq
to CTSS)

CMS had much more dynamic mapping of drives to letters with access
command. in nt you go to disk administrator to map drive/partitions to
letters (but there are much more static mapping from the original
dos).

there are couple recent postings on file system
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#56 Contiguous file system
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#57 Contiguous file system
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#58 Contiguous file system

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Author seeks help - net in 1981

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Author seeks help - net in 1981
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 29 Nov 2001 17:49:21 GMT

Anne & Lynn Wheeler writes:

i had gotten a 2741 early in 70 as a home terminal with one of those
accoustic modems that you placed the hand-set inside and closed the
cover. 2741 ran at 134cps.

somewhat unrelated ... but a batch of old RFCs went out today (i.e. early
paper only copies are being transcribed)

12, 89, 145, 338, 466, 525, 546, 547, 549, 570

there was also another batch that went out earlier this month:

80, 88, 222, 264, 409, 460, 508, 524, 528, 532, 538, 543, 553

couple intros

Network Working Group                                        B. Metcalff
Request for Comments: 89                                           MITDG
NIC: 5697                                                19 January 1971

                  SOME HISTORIC MOMENTS IN NETWORKING

   While awaiting the completion of an interim network control program
   (INCP) for the MIT MAC Dynamic Modeling/Computer Graphics PDP-6/10
   System (MITDG), we were able to achieve a number of 'historic moments
   in networking' worthy of some comment.  First, we were able to
   connect an MITDG terminal to a Multics process making it a Multics
   terminal.  Second, we successfully attached an MITDG terminal to the
   Harvard PDP-10 System thereby enabling automatic remote use of the
   Harvard System for MIT.  Third, we developed primitive mechanisms
   through which remotely generated programs and data could be
   transmitted to our system, executed, and returned.  Using these
   mechanisms in close cooperation with Harvard, we received graphics
   programs and 3D data from Harvard's PDP-10, processed them repeatedly
   using our Evans & Sutherland Line Drawing System (the E&S), and
   transmitted 2D scope data to Harvard's PDP-1 for display.

Network Working Group                                        R.T. Braden
Request for Comments: 338                                       UCLA/CCN
NIC: 9931                                                    17 May 1972

                  EBCDIC/ASCII MAPPING FOR NETWORK RJE

A. INTRODUCTION

   Under NETRJS [1], CCN's Network rje protocol [2], a virtual remote
   batch terminal may be either EBCDIC or ASCII.  CCN operates an IBM
   360/91 which performs all of its normal processing in EBCDIC.  When a
   virtual ASCII terminal signs onto NETRJS, CCN translates the "card
   reader" stream to EBCDIC and translates the "printer" stream back to
   ASCII [3].

   In recent months, a number of ASCII hosts (RAND PDP-10, Utah PDP-10,
   Illinois PDP-11) have completed user processes for NETRJS.  Several
   users at these sites have noted deficiencies in the ASCII/EBCDIC
   mapping rules originally implemented in NETRJS.  Since their
   objections were well founded, we have altered the existing mapping
   and added a new one.

Network Working Group                                          J. Winett
Request for Comments: 466                                          LL-67
NIC: 14740                                              27 February 1973
Category: TELNET

                  TELNET LOGGER/SERVER For Host LL-67

   The attached writeup documents the TELNET LOGGER/SERVER for the
   CP/CMS system on the Lincoln Laboratory 360>67 (host 10).  The
   facility serves both half duplex and full duplex TELNET users with
   data in either ASCII or EBCDIC codes.

   Use of the hide-your-input and noecho TELNET controls are used for
   the EBCDIC print suppress (bypass) and print restore features during
   the login procedure.  To support half duplex terminals, the TELNET
   control break (reverse break) is sent as an input prompt when input
   is desired.  This code can also be used to indicate that a previous
   line sent without an end of line sequence (CR-LF) should be printed.

Network Working Group                                         W. Parrish
Request for Comments: 525                                     J. Pickens
NIC: 17161                           Computer Systems Laboratory -- UCSB
                                                             1 June 1973

                      MIT-MATHLAB MEETS UCSB-OLS:
                     An Example of Resource Sharing

I. Introduction

   A. Resource Sharing, A Comment

      Non-trivial resource sharing among dissimilar system is a much
      discussed concept which, to date, has seen only a few real
      applications.  [See NIC 13538, "1972 Summary of Research
      Activities" (UTAH) for description of Tony Hearn's TENEX-CCN
      Programming Link.]  The first attempts have utilized the most
      easily accessible communication paths, (TELNET and RJS) and the
      most universal representations of numbers (byte-oriented numeric
      characters in scientific notation).  Future schemes will probably
      be more efficient through standardized data and control protocols,
      but even with the existing approaches users are gaining experience
      with combinations of resources previously not available.

Network Working Group                                           J. White
Request for Comments: 524                                        SRI-ARC
NIC: 17140                                                  13 June 1973

                         A Proposed Mail Protocol

AUTHOR'S INTENT

   This is the document I offered in (15146,) to write.  It's a proposed
   specification for handling mail in the Network -- a Mail Protocol.

   Main handling is currently implemented as two FTP commands, MAIL and
   MLFL, which permit an FTP user process to deliver a file or string of
   text to an FTP server process, designating it as mail to be made
   available to a user, identified by a local name, in its host.  The
   protocol proposed here is much richer than that, both in terms of the
   functions it supports, and in terms of the flexibility it provides.

Network Working Group                                      J.  McQuillan
Request for Comments: 528                                        BBN-NET
NIC: 17164                                                  20 June 1973

        SOFTWARE CHECKSUMMING IN THE IMP AND NETWORK RELIABILITY

   As the ARPA Network has developed over the last few years, and our
   experience with operating the IMP subnetwork has grown, the issue of
   reliability has assumed greater importance and greater complexity.
   This note describes some modifications that have recently been made
   to the IMP and TIP programs in this regard.  These changes are
   mechanically minor and do not affect Host operation at all, but they
   are logically noteworthy, and for this reason we have explained the
   workings of the new IMP and TIP programs in some detail.  Host
   personnel are advised to note particularly the modifications
   described in sections 4 and 5, as they may wish to change their own
   programs or operating procedures.

Network Working Group                                        A. McKenzie
Request for Comments: 538                                        BBN-NET
NIC: 17642                                                   5 July 1973
Updates: RFC 522

                     Traffic Statistics (June 1973)

ABSTRACT

   Attached are the Host traffic statistics for the month of June 1973.

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

News IBM loses supercomputer crown

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: News IBM loses supercomputer crown
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 29 Nov 2001 19:59:17 GMT

RugenL@MISSOURI.EDU (Rugen, Len) writes:

I wonder what is the largest SYSPLEX?  It may not do LINPACK or
whatever, but I bet it's mega VISA BUCKS!

i believe that the largest, single-system-image system in the late
'70s was the HONE (branch office Hands On NEtwork) system ... this was
about the time my wife was doing her stint in POK responsible for
loosely coupled architecture ... and originated "peer-coupled"
architecture document that became the basis for IMS hot-standby and
then SYSPLEX.

random refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#52 loosely-coupled, sysplex, cluster, supercomputer & electronic commerce

one of the largest customer single system image complexes i know of
from the '90s was one of the airline reservation systems running TPF
.... unfortunately they had max'ed out the disk access to CPUs all
having maximum number of processors .... and were extending the
functionality using Network Systems HYPERChannel gear (since bought by
STK) as basis for message-passing, non-shared-disk operations.

random refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hsdt

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Contiguous file system

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Contiguous file system
Newsgroups: comp.lang.asm370,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 29 Nov 2001 20:08:14 GMT

gah@ugcs.caltech.edu (glen herrmannsfeldt) writes:

PDS, sort of a sub-filesystem, does use contiguous allocation and
a system utility is used to compress out unused space.  (Space is
only allocted from the end, so deleted member space is not available
until compress.)

note this is one of the design hold-overs from the early to mid '60s.

You also found similar allocation in a number of systems (apl, some
number of lisp, etc) from the same era for managing real storage
.... always allocate the next available (highest) slot until
end-of-storage is reached ... and then pause while garbage collection
(compression) is performed ... and then restart all over again.

The allocation scheme for real storage ran into problems when mapped
to virtual storage. An apl user have a "real" 32kbyte workspace
tripsing thru all of stroage (even tho it never used more than a
couple kbytes peak) would hardly see the effects .... but move the
same apl user and the same application into a (virtual) 16mbyte
workspace .... and it would eventually step thru all 16mbytes. Most of
these strategies were quickly enhanced with various kinds of "dynamic"
garbage collection strategies to minimize having applications
eventually touch every possible virtual page (even when the peak
aggregate use was less than one percent of the total).

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Author seeks help - net in 1981

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Author seeks help - net in 1981
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 30 Nov 2001 01:24:56 GMT

Christopher Stacy writes:

Actually, the cutover was in late 1982, although some hosts
did not make the transition in time, and were cut off.

the cut-over date was 1/1/93
                          ^^
                      1/1/83
from posting
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#18 Is Al Gore The Father of the Internet?

Date: 30 Dec 1982 14:45:34 EST (Thursday)
 From: Nancy Mimno <mimno@Bbn-Unix>
 Subject: Notice of TCP/IP Transition on ARPANET
 To: csnet-liaisons at Udel-Relay
 Cc: mimno at Bbn-Unix
 Via:  Bbn-Unix; 30 Dec 82 16:07-EST
 Via:  Udel-Relay; 30 Dec 82 13:15-PDT
 Via:  Rand-Relay; 30 Dec 82 16:30-EST

 ARPANET Transition 1 January 1983
 Possible Service Disruption
 ---------------------------------

 Dear Liaison,

As many of you may be aware, the ARPANET has been going through
the major transition of shifting the host-host level protocol
from NCP (Network Control Protocol/Program) to TCP-IP
(Transmission Control Protocol - Internet Protocol).  These two
host-host level protocols are completely different and are
incompatible.  This transition has been planned and carried out
over the past several years, proceeding from initial test
implementations through parallel operation over the last year,
and culminating in a cutover to TCP-IP only 1 January 1983. DCA
and DARPA have provided substantial support for TCP-IP
development throughout this period and are committed to the
cutover date.

The CSNET team has been doing all it can to facilitate its part
in this transition. The change to TCP-IP is complete for all the
CSNET host facilities that use the ARPANET:  the CSNET relays at
Delaware and Rand, the CSNET Service Host and Name Server at
Wisconsin, the CSNET CIC at BBN, and the X.25 development system
at Purdue.  Some of these systems have been using TCP-IP for
quite a while, and therefore we expect few problems.  (Please
note that we say "few", not "NO problems"!) Mail between Phonenet
sites should not be affected by the ARPANET transition.  However,
mail between Phonenet sites and ARPANET sites (other than the
CSNET facilities noted above) may be disrupted.

The transition requires a major change in each of the more
than 250 hosts on the ARPANET; as might be expected, not all
hosts will be ready on 1 January 1983.  For CSNET, this means
that disruption of mail communication will likely result between
Phonenet users and some ARPANET users.  Mail to/from some ARPANET
hosts may be delayed; some host mail service may be unreliable;
some hosts may be completely unreachable. Furthermore, for some
ARPANET hosts this disruption may last a long time, until their
TCP-IP implementations are up and working smoothly.  While we
cannot control the actions of ARPANET hosts, please let us know
if we can assist with problems, particularly by clearing up any
confusion.  As always, we are <cic@csnet-sh>; or (617)497-2777.

Please pass this information on to your users.

Respectfully yours,
Nancy Mimno
CSNET CIC Liaison

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Author seeks help - net in 1981

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Author seeks help - net in 1981
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 30 Nov 2001 01:27:26 GMT

Anne & Lynn Wheeler writes:

the cut-over date was 1/1/93

finger-slip 1/1/83

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

More newbie stop the war here!

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: More newbie stop the war here!
Newsgroups: alt.os.linux,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 30 Nov 2001 02:37:12 GMT

mike writes:

I would like te learn more about the file system and disk access lineage
stuff.  The newsgroup postings are a little hard to follow.  Any
websites/books you could recomend?

mike

cms development guide
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com:80/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/HCSD2A20/CONTENTS#6.1.5

cms file system
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com:80/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/HCSD2A20/2.6

overview of the cms file system
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com:80/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/HCSD2A20/2.6.1

current CMS & CP data areas and control blocks
http://www.vm.ibm.com/pubs/ctlblk.html

most current CMS control blocks
http://www.vm.ibm.com/pubs/cms420/index.html

of interest: ADTSECT, FSTD, FSTSECT, FSCB, SFSCB, XADT.

one of the VM history pages:
http://www.vm.ibm.com/birthday.html

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Future applications of smartcard.

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Future applications of smartcard.
Newsgroups: alt.technology.smartcards
Date: Fri, 30 Nov 2001 17:37:38 GMT

"Rob Hrehor" writes:

I'm doing a research paper on smart cards.  I'm having a hard time finding
current articles.  Everything is from 1999 and 2000.  Are their any
resourses that anyone can reccomend I check out.

Also, can anyone give me up and coming technologies that might be in the
works in the next 5 years?  Nothing too in depth, because I might not
understand.  Thanks for your hope with this and I hope everyone has a great
day!

one could claim that in the early '90s smartcards got up & coming new
technology ... i.e. portable input/output capability and started
calling themselves PDAs ... while some of the obsolete technology kept
chugging along.

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

NCP

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: NCP
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: Sat, 01 Dec 2001 16:07:47 GMT

"John S. Giltner, Jr." writes:

VTAM provided the SSCP function.  You need VTAM and ACF/NCP to load NCP
into a 3725.  You will need ACF/SSP to gen the NCP load modules.

What OS are you running?  What mainframe are you running?

Based on your other posts, you are in for a big shock.

the was a presentation given about 20 years ago at an internal
world-wide networking conference about the experience of a customer
with a configuration of shop-floor terminals connected with
leased-lines.

there were a couple shops that only needed to be connected 20-30
minutes per day and they wanted to switch to using dialed-lines for
those locations.

1) the terminals required a new microcode load which only worked with a new
NCP load

2) so then they had to load all the 37xxs with a new NCP load which only
worked with a new VTAM

3) so then they had to generate new VTAMs which only worked with a new
MVS level

4) so they had to have a new level MVS

many of the above had serious incompatibility impacts on other
applications they happened to be using.

first couple of times they tried the above ... it took a couple days
elapsed down time and there were problems which then required them to
effectively back-off everything (which also took a couple days
outage).

they eventually got it all together but it may have taken a year
... and this was all standard ibm supplied code & systems.

older 37xxs used uc.5 processor ... same used in 8100, service
processor for 3081, a number of other things. is it a real 37xx or a
clone?

For instance, there was a package written for S/1 that did both NCP &
SSCP (PU4/PU5) emulation (and used a channel attach card to do 37xx
emulation to mainframe):
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#70
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#67

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

TSS/360

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: TSS/360
Newsgroups: alt.os.multics,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sat, 01 Dec 2001 16:27:57 GMT

cbbrowne writes:

b) Capabilities.

Capabilities are cool, because you attach them to programs, thus
granting, to the program, the ability to access only what you set
up the capabilities to grant access to.

tymshare did an operating system for ibm mainframe called gnosis
(which was spun-off when M/D bought tymshare and renamed):

keykos
http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~KeyKOS The KeyKOS System

misc. pieces from above:

U.S. Patent 4,584,639 - Covering the KeyKOS "Factory" The infamous
(and much lamented - at least by me) "Factory Patent", covering the
mechanism for secure sharing of programs among mutually suspicious
users.

===

The Confused Deputy  (1988)

Sometimes program must run under a combination of authorities. This
leads to obscure bugs and security holes. This paper identifies the
cause of the problem, and points out some solutions. The paper is also
available in postscript form.

===

derivative work for intel platform
http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~eros/ EROS: The Extremely Reliable Operating System

random gnosis/keykos refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#69 TSS ancient history, was X86 ultimate CISC? designs)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#22 No more innovation?  Get serious
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#73 7090 vs. 7094 etc.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#33 Did AT&T offer Unix to Digital Equipment in the 70s?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#35 Did AT&T offer Unix to Digital Equipment in the 70s?

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

OCO

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: OCO
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sat, 01 Dec 2001 21:09:25 GMT

FarleyP@BIS.ADP.COM (Farley, Peter x23353) writes:

I don't know whether or not that was the attitude in IBM development, but I
can tell you from personal experience that non-OCO has also led to
significant functional enhancement of IBM software, including both BCP-class
and Program-Product-class software.  When the other good programmers "out
here" can look at and understand "your" code, they can and will point out
where you could have done better, or how you could (sometimes quite easily)
provide significant additional functionality at little development cost.

it used to be pre-OCO ... that software was either software or OCO
software ...  it was not necessary to specify non-OCO.

There is even stronger statement ... a large precentage wouldn't even
exist at all because they weren't written by IBM development, they
were written at/by various and sundry IT shops (customer, customer
w/ibm field help, ibm field at customer shop, and/or internal).

HASP ... which became JES2
ASP ... which became  JES3
CICS .. was at university and had to do source debugging of original
        CICS beta-test ... which IBM had picked at customer site.
IMS
CP/67
...
...

aka a whole slew of standard IBM pieces that wouldn't exist. It fact,
there use to be a joke about IBM development not doing development ...
that things were developed elsewhere and then turned over to IBM
development for long-term maintenance & support.

A lot of the HASP/JES2 networking source code had the characters
"TUCC" out just before col. 71.

Then there is story about one of the exectuives leaving STL for BofA
... where he eventually had more people doing (core) DBMS
development than STL had doing database development.

There is the other story about some agency wanting ALL the EXACT
source code for the MVS system that was running (a compile/build of
the source would result in an exact binary match). IBM spent several
million dollars studying whether it was even possible before giving up
and telling them no.

OCO impacts the issue of customer having a choice of spending the
money for quick raction teams on business critical services (dedicated
in-house teams for severity one situtions). IBM has managed to subject
itself to this in a couple cases ... logoing some other vendor's
product with only OCO provisions. IBM takes a severity one from its
customers ...  and then its service people waiting weeks while the
original vendor processes the severity one. The argument that IBM
would use with the vendor about allowing IBM service people to have
source and work on the problem ... is identical to the argument large
customers with business critical services would use to IBM.

discussion about forcing implementation into (interpreted) REXX as a
way of side-stepping the OCO issue (aka forcing source to be shipped):
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#11 REXX

misc. other OCO discussion
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#6 Blame it all on Microsoft

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Author seeks help - net in 1981

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Author seeks help - net in 1981
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers,bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: Sun, 02 Dec 2001 00:18:25 GMT

Lars Poulsen writes:

http://www.matrix.net/publications/mn/mn1101_routing_and_addressing.html

"As the predecessor to the Internet, the ARPANET, grew and began to
connect to other networks, all of which wanted to send electronic text
messages, mail routing became more and more complicated.
Specifically, sending messages became more complex with the switch
from Network Control Protocol (NCP) to Transmission Control Protocol
(TCP). The two main reasons for moving away from NCP were:
(1) NCP limited the number of hosts to 255, and (2) inflexibility.
Between 1978 and 1981 an ever-increasing number of hosts on ARPANET
employed the TCP/IP suite. In November 1981 Jon Postel issued RFC 801
(NCP/TCP Transition Plan). The big switch from NCP to TCP occurred on
1 January 1983. While it was not a complete switchover, by Washington's
Birthday of 1983, well over half of the host sites on the Internet were
running TCP/IP."

note that JES2 network also fell into the same trap ... however, it
was slightly more severe. HASP original had a one byte/255 for all its
psuedo devices. HASP network (TUCC?) crafted network nodes into the
psuedo device table index ... so the actual number of max. nodes was
255 less the number of a psuedo devices that might be in a HASP
definition. By JES2 time, a typical installation might have 80 devices
... so actual slots for defining network nodes might be on the order
of 170 or less.

Most of the internal network was VNET rather than JES2/HASP ... with
JES2/HASP somewhat relagated to perifrial ... frequently with
specially constructed VNET nodes between them and the rest of the
network so any JES2/HASP network header information could be sanitized
(both in-coming and out-going) ... aka effectively the base VNET code
had the equivalent of gateway support in every node ... and that
capability could be used to "clean" JES2/HASP network headers.

The problem was that JES2/HASP network headers tended to be version
and release specific. In a large network, with lots of different
JES2/HASP nodes at different verstion and release levels resulted in
numerous instances of JES2/HASP receiving systems taking down the
whole computer complex. After several instances of that, it became
very common to always have JES2/HASP nodes hidden behind VNET nodes
which would make sure all incoming and outgoing JES2/HASP header
information was reformated to avoid system crashes.

The internal VNET implementation was supposedly never going to be
announced and released ... but there was some internal politiking that
eventually resulted in a decision for a joint VNET/JES2 networking
announcement and availability (of course VNET had to have a full suite
of JES2 drivers ... in addition to its own native drivers). Leading
into that was long arguments with the JES2 group about needing support
for greater than 170 or so nodes ... but the corporate decision was
that the internal network would be the only network that would ever
have more than that many nodes ... and so it wasn't needed for a
product distributed to customers.

Note however, by the time of VNET/JES2 networking customer
availability, the internal network was well over 255 nodes (and lack
of greater than 255 nodes support had serious impacts on internal
network operations, estimated that just internal incremental costs for
mitigating JES2 node-limit restriction was well in excess of the
development costs to have supported greater than 255
nodes). Eventually the decision was made to expand JES2 support to 999
nodes. Hhowever by the time the general availability of 999 node
support, the internal network was in excess of 1000 nodes.

internet network 1000th node ref
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#112 OS/360 names and error codes
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#110 OS/360 names and error codes

random internal network refs
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#31 High Speed Data Transport (HSDT)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#7 Who built the Internet? (was: Linux/AXP.. Reliable?)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/97.html#2 IBM 1130 (was Re: IBM 7090--used for business or science?)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/97.html#26 IA64 Self Virtualizable?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#16 S/360 operating systems geneaology
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#56 Earliest memories of "Adventure"  & "Trek"
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#7 IBM S/360
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#33 why is there an "@" key?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#34 why is there an "@" key?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#38c Internet and/or ARPANET?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#52 Enter fonts (was Re: Unix case-sensitivity: how did it originate?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#83 "Adventure" (early '80s) who wrote it?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#109 OS/360 names and error codes (was: Humorous and/or Interesting Opcodes)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#110 OS/360 names and error codes (was: Humorous and/or Interesting Opcodes)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#113 OS/360 names and error codes (was: Humorous and/or Interesting Opcodes)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#126 Dispute about Internet's origins
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#212 GEOPLEX
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#3 Computer of the century
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#29 20th March 2000
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#67 oddly portable machines
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#72 Microsoft boss warns breakup could worsen virus problem
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#30 internal corporate network, misc.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#46 Does the word "mainframe" still have a meaning?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#60 Disincentives for MVS & future of MVS systems programmers
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#30 Secure Operating Systems
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#43 Al Gore: Inventing the Internet...
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#13 internet preceeds Gore in office.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#14 internet preceeds Gore in office.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#15 internet preceeds Gore in office.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#20 Is Al Gore The Father of the Internet?^
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#30 Is Tim Berners-Lee the inventor of the web?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#14 IBM's mess (was: Re: What the hell is an MSX?)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#17 IBM's mess (was: Re: What the hell is an MSX?)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#24 A question for you old guys -- IBM 1130 information
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#39 Could CDR-coding be on the way back?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#50 Egghead cracked, MS IIS again
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#53 Egghead cracked, MS IIS again
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#4 Sv: First video terminal?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#46 Small IBM shops
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#16 Linux IA-64 interrupts [was Re: Itanium benchmarks ...]
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#71 Z/90, S/390, 370/ESA (slightly off topic)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#85 what makes a cpu fast
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#4 what makes a cpu fast
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#5 what makes a cpu fast
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#75 CNN reports...
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#12 Blame it all on Microsoft
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#16 Pre ARPAnet email?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#34 Blame it all on Microsoft
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#8 Theo Alkema
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#9 Theo Alkema
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#23 MERT Operating System & Microkernels
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#8 VM: checking some myths.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#9 VM: checking some myths.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#13 VM: checking some myths.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#34 D
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#65 UUCP email
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#7 YKYGOW...
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#32 IBM OS Timeline?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#39 IBM OS Timeline?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#4 I hate Compaq
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#26 Help needed on conversion from VM to OS390
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#28 Title Inflation
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#29 Title Inflation
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#30 Title Inflation
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#35 Military Interest in Supercomputer AI
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#45 OT - Internet Explorer V6.0
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#50 Title Inflation
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#35 Newbie TOPS-10 7.03 question
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#40 Newbie TOPS-10 7.03 question
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#56 E-mail 30 years old this autumn
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#25 mainframe question
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#34 Processor Modes
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#35 Processor Modes
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#45 Processor Modes
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#54 Author seeks help - net in 1981

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes
Newsgroups: alt.sys.pdp10,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 02 Dec 2001 16:20:22 GMT

jmfbahciv writes:

DEC called those discrete project reports.  Each project had
a number assigned to it, and we were supposed to fill out
the time cards each week declaring how much time we spent on
each project.  We demanded that a discrete project number be
assigned to the task of filling out the f**king forms.  That
never happened.  If the idiots wanted to know how much time
we spent on projects for their bottom line PHBs, they should
have also had a report of how much time was spent giving them
all a nice warm feelings.

ibm (& science center in cambridge) had something similar ... but
if you worked >40hrs/week and faithfully filled out your card
... there was something called

1) overtime meal allowance ... something like $2.50 (early '70s) for
2hrs over standard 8hr work day and $2.50 for each 4hrs on
non-standard workday or over 1st extra 2hrs on standard workday
(wasn't overtime pay or anything, but it slightly covered the
aggravation of filling in the cards). with home 2741 and dial-up line
to work ... morning, evenings and weekends on home-terminal counted.

2) for each 4hr either over standard 8hr day or on non-standard work
day ... got a 1/2 day of "comp time" (effectively compensation time
off ... right in there with vacation time ... this was before such
things evaporated if you didn't use them). I easily avg. 3-4 days of
comp. time for each week worked.

i didn't want to fill in the time-cards ... but when they insisted, i
faithfully filled in everything and applied for everything available.
This went on for awhile and eventually they let it be known i could
just sign the cards w/o having to fill in anything. After that, I
would sign all accumulated cards about four times a year.

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Security glossary available

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Security glossary available
Newsgroups: comp.security.misc,alt.computer.security
Date: Mon, 03 Dec 2001 15:34:36 GMT

a couple at
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Glossary Notes

Payment
Terms merged from: ACH, FACSNET, FRBC, FRBM, FRBSF, GAO, NSCC, and
misc.  Updated 20000326 with revision from FRBC.

Security
Terms merged from: AFSEC, AJP, CC1, CC2, FCv1, FIPS140, IATF, IEEE610,
ITSEC, Intel, JTC1/SC27/N734, KeyAll, MSC, NCSC/TG004, NIAP, RFC1983,
RFC2504, RFC2828, TCSEC, TDI, TNI, and misc. Updated 20010729 with
glossary from IATF V3.

X9F
Terms merged from X9F document glossaries: WD15782, X509, X9.8, X9.24,
X9.31, X9.42, X9.45, X9.49, X9.52, X9.62, X9.65, X9.69.  Terms from
ABA/ASC X9 TR1-1999 replace terms from X9F TG-16 glossary (identified
by lower case x9 instead of upper-case X9). Original source documents
include: X3.92, X3.106, x9.1, x9.5, x9.6, x9.8, x9.9, x9.17, x9.19,
x9.23, x9.24, x9.26, x9.28, x9.30, x9.31, x9.41, x9.42, x9.44, x9.45,
x9.49, x9.52, x9.55, x9.57, x9.62, x9.69 x9.74, x9.76, x9.78, x9.80,
x9.82, and TG-17. (990710)

Financial
Warning: Not for light of heart, the combined glossary and taxonomy is
over 3.1 megabytes and has been known to lock up some browser versions
on some platforms (more because of the number of links than size of
files). There are >6200 terms, >8000 definitions and >28,000 href
links (in the two files).  Terms merged from Payment Taxonomy &
Glossary with Chicago Board of Trade, Commodity Futures Trading
Comission, C Harvey at Duke (Copyright, for non-commercial use only),
Environmental Protection Agency, Internationl Trade Resource Center,
MidAmerica Commodity Exchange, New York Merchantile Exchange, New York
Stock Exchange, Office Thrift Supervision, Securities Exchange
Commission, Treasury Management Association of Canada, and Western
Connecticut State University

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Replace SNA communication to host with something else

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Replace SNA communication to host with something else
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: Mon, 03 Dec 2001 20:47:35 GMT

fane_bursuc@YAHOO.COM (Fane Bursuc) writes:

Visual C++ NT Client : SNA : IBM Host

where I want to replace the SNA communication (which
gives roo many errors) with something else that
supports transactions and works on TCP/IP (at least).

there are a couple issues:

1) initial address resolution ... do you need DNS and  multi-homed host support.
Will your connection implementation support multi A-record.

2) various kinds of fall-over and/or take-over support in case of hardware outages

3) TCP session setup overhead.

note while HTTP/web runs over TCP which has reliable transmission
.... it was a battle to get some of the browser vendors to implement
multi-A record support for availability support

also while HTTP/web runs over TCP ... TCP is a session oriented
protocol, not a transaction oriented protocol .... there is minimum
7-packet exhange for HTTP operation with TCP (session
setup/tear-down/etc). this issue can represent real performance issue
unless you are tunneling transactions within a long-term TCP session).
The other approach is one of the reliable transaction protocols that
run over IP.

for instance,
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

and select Term (term->RFC#) (in the section RFCs listed by

then scroll down to "transactions" for list of transaction oriented
internet standards documents.

random other refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#34 Mainframes & Unix
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#0 Early tcp development?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#16 Old Computers
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#111 The Translate (TR) instruction
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#158 Uptime (was Re: Q: S/390 on PowerPC?)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#159 Uptime (was Re: Q: S/390 on PowerPC?)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#164 Uptime (was Re: Q: S/390 on PowerPC?)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#207 Life-Advancing Work of Timothy Berners-Lee
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#81 Ux's good points.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#5 "Mainframe" Usage
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#40 general questions on SSL certificates
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#45 OSA-Express Gigabit Ethernet card planning
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#59 Does the word "mainframe" still have a meaning?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#7 4341 was "Is a VAX a mainframe?"
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#11 Review of the Intel C/C++ compiler for Windows
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#57 I am fed up!
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#69 Z/90, S/390, 370/ESA (slightly off topic)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#71 Z/90, S/390, 370/ESA (slightly off topic)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#78 Unix hard links
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#49 VTOC position
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#2 Block oriented I/O over IP
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#24 Pre ARPAnet email?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#32 Blame it all on Microsoft
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#34 Blame it all on Microsoft
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#15 Extended memory error recovery
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#13 VM: checking some myths.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#75 Net banking, is it safe???
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#3 YKYGOW...
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#56 E-mail 30 years old this autumn
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#62 SMP idea for the future
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#15 departmental servers
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#xtphsp OSI and High Speed Protocol

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Movies with source code (was Re: Movies with DEC minis)

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Movies with source code (was Re: Movies with DEC minis)
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 05 Dec 2001 00:49:18 GMT

geoffm@spam.hormel.com ("Geoff McCaughan") writes:

I remember years ago seeing a TV program where someone had supposedly
hacked into a banks financial system in order to intercept a megabucks
wire transfer or something. You got shown a brief shot of the screen
with data scrolling past which was supposed to be a realtime display
of transactions, but it was just an MSDOS directory listing.

not quite source code .... but vm/370 loadmap. it was filler/short
that I saw in a theater in downtown madrid that was made out at the
university. A lot of the movie was shot in a room that had a whole
bank of TVs covering one wall ... they were all scrolling some text at
(about) 1200 .... which turned out to be a vm/370 loadmap.

random refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#14 Computer of the century
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#36 stupid user stories
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#66 line length (was Re: Babble from "JD" <dyson@jdyson.com>)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#9 IBM S/360

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

CM-5 Thinking Machines, Supercomputers

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: CM-5 Thinking Machines, Supercomputers
Newsgroups: comp.arch
Date: Wed, 05 Dec 2001 05:16:58 GMT

Randy Crawford writes:

2) TMC fragmented into about a half dozen pieces.  CM Services bought the
services contract from TMC.  The TMC compiler, debugger (Prism), and some
of the architecture team (The "Parallel Development Group") was purchased
by Sun.  A skeleton crew remained to try and market Darwin (their datamining
application) and TMC's last gasp -- their cluster of Suns which they called
"GlobalWorks".  Finally, their website URL and Darwin were sold to Oracle.

i happened to be walking by the bldg. one day when somebody came out
with a ladder and crowbar ... I stopped and watched him remove the
letters from the bldg (i was momentarily tempted to see if I could get
at least one).

I thot PILOT OLAP came out of TMC ... they were down the street. I
tried to do some work with them in the mid-90s ... but while the
queries were parallelized ... loading data was sequential and I also
needed fairly significant parallelized loading (which looked to be
possibly a 30% hit to the code base).

Looking for them just now the domain is still active
http://www.pilotsw.com/

but it takes a bit of searching to find PILOT.

totally random refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#64 "all-out" vs less aggressive designs
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#68 "all-out" vs less aggressive designs
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#67 What ever happened to WAIS?

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Call for folklore - was Re: So it's cyclical.

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Call for folklore - was Re: So it's cyclical.
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 05 Dec 2001 16:04:51 GMT

jmfbahciv writes:

In my years of watching a lot of programmers do their thing, most
could be classified into compiler thinking or operating system
thinking.  Dijkstra addressed the former.  Unfortunately, I've
seen the former try to impress their thinking style onto OS
code.

and some were more engineers/circuit style ... good compiler &
operating system thinking typically made lousy microcode & hardware
programmers ... but a good hardware programmer almost always did well,
whatever the environment.

vm/370 (micro-)kernel ... which started out following almost a
microcode hardware methodology ... eventually grew bloated and
ungainly with the care from people trained in traditional operating
system approach.

hardware/micro-kernel approach typically had a strategic/architecture
that was tightly adhered to. both compiler and operating system
approaches can have tatical/design issues ... but they rarely maintain
strong consistency with overall strategic/architecture objectives
leading to all kinds of bloat and inefficiencies over multi-year (tens
of years) periods.

random ref:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#53 TSS/360
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#25 mainframe question

& my body/strategic thinking refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#boyd

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

New Virus: Emails sent with no message body and _ prefixed to email address

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: New Virus:  Emails sent with no message body and _ prefixed to email  address
Newsgroups: comp.mail.eudora.ms-windows
Date: Wed, 05 Dec 2001 18:09:46 GMT

ann@asarian-host.net (Ann) writes:

Or you might say that an attachment is a separate file that the sender
wants to send you, while an embedded file is something that the sender
puts into the email and which is supposed to show when you open the
email, like a picture.  It is because you have turned off the ability
for Eudora to see these pictures that you don't know they are there.

basically everything is embedded ... the issue is whether or not your
mail client separates and/or treats it differently when processing the
file ... for instance creating separate "attachment" files ... and/or
other special processing when ingesting the mail file/stream.

mail clients will "see" everything ... the issue is whether or not it
is enabled for special processing for the stuff it "sees" and how it
is instructed to present what it "sees".

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

New Virus: Emails sent with no message body and _ prefixed to email address

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: New Virus:  Emails sent with no message body and _ prefixed to email  address
Newsgroups: comp.mail.eudora.ms-windows
Date: Wed, 05 Dec 2001 20:55:34 GMT

Anne & Lynn Wheeler writes:

basically everything is embedded ... the issue is whether or not your
mail client separates and/or treats it differently when processing the
file ... for instance creating separate "attachment" files ... and/or
other special processing when ingesting the mail file/stream.

mail clients will "see" everything ... the issue is whether or not it
is enabled for special processing for the stuff it "sees" and how it
is instructed to present what it "sees".

eudora attachment options has "encoding method"

MIME
BinHex
Uuencode

you can run a email client that totally turns off all encoding methods
and so everything is treated as straight text stream.

most common encoding method for mail clients to recognize/separate
"attachments" and/or to use special formating is

MIME

for list of internet standards & documents related to MIME standard ... goto

http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

and select Term (term->RFC#) and then select "MIME" from the Acronym
fastpath.

various email clients in addtion to having support for the splitting a
single mail into multiple different objects and possibly having
various displaying rules for different kinds of objects ... may also
have rules regarding execution/scripting for specific kinds of
objects.

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes
Newsgroups: alt.sys.pdp10,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 05 Dec 2001 22:14:57 GMT

Charles Richmond writes:

The really gross thing would be...if you immediately filled
the cup with coffee and began to drink. (;-))

i found that really good coffee cups have a way of disappearing ... i
had a stealth bomber coffee mug with heat sensitive material that when
filled with hot coffee the plane (on the side) would disappear from
the screen.

also couple mugs from DLI in monterey that had some russian on one
side ... and one the other was ...

which were subject to somebody's midnight requisition

the all time best coffee mug story was my brother; a regional (several
state) marketing rep for a Apple reseller (eventually bought by apple,
rainbow). he would fawn over coffee mugs from other vendors at
customer shops ... and beg to trade them to him for his old apple mugs
(and then toss them in the trash).

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Hercules, OCO, and IBM missing a great opportunity

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Hercules, OCO, and IBM missing a great opportunity
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: Fri, 07 Dec 2001 15:41:47 GMT

pinnacle@FRONTIERNET.NET (Thomas Conley) writes:

The predictions of demise were based on bets made that emerging technology
could displace the mainframe.  The new prediction is based on the very real
fact that mainframe talent is aging, retiring, and not being replaced.  In
15 years, there will only be a handful of us left.

i've seen several sites retire ibm mainframes because they couldn't
fill ibm mainframe positions that had been open'ed for over a year
(institutions at the higher end of the economic scale could continue
by out bidding for scarce resource).

i've also seen some institutional risk analysis that their number #1
threat is ibm mainframe critical resources that have been around for
30 years, their mortgage is paid off, their kids are thru college, and
they could retire at any momemnt ... and even tho the ibm mainframe
solution is more productive and cost/effective ... they have a serious
business continuity issue.

previous postings on the subject
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#28 Homework: Negative side of MVS?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#32 Homework: Negative side of MVS?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#11 Amdahl Exits Mainframe Market

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Alpha vs. Itanic: facts vs. FUD

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Alpha vs. Itanic:  facts vs. FUD
Newsgroups: comp.arch
Date: Sat, 08 Dec 2001 20:43:42 GMT

"Bill Todd" writes:

Ridiculous.  The PC still doesn't compete in the markets that DEC made
most of its money in.

a lot of the mini-computer and departmental server market was severely
impacted by PC-servers .... at least by the time of the 386 machines
(althought you could start observing it happening in the 286 era)
... this included s/36, s/1, dec, interdata (aka perkin-elmer), DG,
small 370s, prime, etc.

misc. discussion
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#15 departmental servers
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#47 TSS/360

random refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#16 middle layer
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#30 interdata and perkin/elmer
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#37 interdata & perkin/elmer machines
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#39 Mainframes & Unix
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#12 Old Computers
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#63 System/1 ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#66 System/1 ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#67 System/1 ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#70 Series/1 as NCP (was: Re: System/1 ?)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#64 distributed locking patents
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#71 Mainframe operating systems
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#76 Mainframe operating systems
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#20 How many Megaflops and when?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#29 20th March 2000
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#49 VM (not VMS or Virtual Machine, the IBM sort)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#66 oddly portable machines
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#87 Motorola/Intel Wars
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#36 Interdata, Perkin-Elmer, et al.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#37 Interdata, Perkin-Elmer, et al.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#43 Any Series/1 fans?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#53 Any Series/1 fans?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#54 WHAT IS A MAINFRAME???
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#80 Unisys vs IBM mainframe comparisons
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#81 Unisys vs IBM mainframe comparisons
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#6 History of ASCII (was Re: Why Not! Why not???)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#68 TSS ancient history, was X86 ultimate CISC? designs)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#4 Sv: First video terminal?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#5 Sv: First video terminal?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#17 IBM 1142 reader/punch (Re: First video terminal?)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#62 California DMV
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#65 California DMV
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#68 California DMV
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#72 California DMV
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#50 IBM 705 computer manual
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#75 Z/90, S/390, 370/ESA (slightly off topic)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#49 database (or b-tree) page sizes
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#34 Very CISC Instuctions (Was: why the machine word size ...)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#35 Imitation...
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#69 Block oriented I/O over IP
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#53 Pre ARPAnet email?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#22 Early AIX including AIX/370
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#30 IBM's "VM for the PC" c.1984??
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#33 IBM's "VM for the PC" c.1984??
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#42 Golden Era of Compilers
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#44 Golden Era of Compilers
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#48 any 70's era supercomputers that ran as slow as today's supercomputers?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#30 Did AT&T offer Unix to Digital Equipment in the 70s?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#32 Did AT&T offer Unix to Digital Equipment in the 70s?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#50 Flip the bits in a byte
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#31 3745 and SNI
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#8 mainframe question
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#43 QTAM (was: MVS History)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#44 QTAM (was: MVS History)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#9 NCP
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#15 Replace SNA communication to host with something else

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Alpha vs. Itanic: facts vs. FUD

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Alpha vs. Itanic:  facts vs. FUD
Newsgroups: comp.arch
Date: Sun, 09 Dec 2001 15:47:47 GMT

Terje Mathisen writes:

I installed the first PC LANs (all NetWare) here about 1986, a few years
later (after a lot of growth and WAN links) this definitely caused us to
cancel at least one planned additional mainframe, and a upgrade of
another.

Doing some comparative corporate benchmarks (Compass in our case) showed
that we had just about 25% of the big mini/mainframe capacity per
employee of our peer group.

random refs to san jose gpd project in provo tha was cut loose:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#4a John Hartmann's Birthday Party
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#40 No more innovation?  Get serious
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#42 IBM was/is: Imitation...

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes
Newsgroups: alt.sys.pdp10,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 09 Dec 2001 18:01:05 GMT

Tim Shoppa writes:

That's the last thing I'd want :-(.  Phase V is such a horrendous
layering on of unnecessary interfaces and unwanted features that
it boggles the mind.

some decnet V news stuff:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#32 Blame it all on Microsoft
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#34 Blame it all on Microsoft

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Open Architectures ?

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Open Architectures ?
Newsgroups: comp.arch
Date: Sun, 09 Dec 2001 18:15:43 GMT

cecchi@signa.rchland.ibm.com (Del Cecchi) writes:

That is a really cool definition.  That means that IBM's VM for sure and even
perhaps MVS or its predecessors were really Open Systems because the source was
published.  HEY IBM was Open, and we didn't even know it.  I expect apologies
from all the doofs that said we weren't.  :-) :-)

MVS, while published ... was a little more contrived open
source. There is this story about some agency that "desired" the exact
source for a (any) particular executing MVS system (aka ... do a
system build from source and come up with the same exact
system). After investing several million in investigation ... it was
decided that it wasn't feasible.

On the other hand ... CP/67 and VM/370 shipped with source maintanence
(not only standard release shipped with source, but monthly tapes sent
to customers with fixes and updates in source).

this was so prevalent that at one point there was some assesement that
there was more kernel source code available on the Share "waterloo"
tape than in the standard delivered system. On the other hand ... it
was so easy to bloat the kernel with stuff ... that a lot of stuff got
put into it that it could hardly be called a micro-kernel anymore (in
some sense the "hardware" microcode supporting "LPARS" is closer to
the original CP kernel than the current software is).

recent refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#18 Call for folklore - was Re: So it's cyclical.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#53 TSS/360
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#25 mainframe question

random postings:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#11 REXX
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#42 bloat
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#43 Bloat, elegance, simplicity and other irrelevant concepts
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#44 bloat
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#50 Rethinking Virtual Memory
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#55 How Do the Old Mainframes Compare to Today's Micros?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#2 Why is there only VM/370?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/97.html#12 OSes commerical, history
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#12 S/360 operating systems geneaology
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#45 Why can't more CPUs virtualize themselves?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#57 Reliability and SMPs
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#9 IBM S/360
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#158 Uptime (was Re: Q: S/390 on PowerPC?)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#175 amusing source code comments (was Re: Testing job applicants)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#199 amusing source code comments (was Re: Testing job applicants)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subindex.html#mainframe Mainframe related postings (1993-2000)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subindex.html#all Collected subjects (1993-2000)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subindx2.html#mainframe Mainframe related postings (2001-)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subindx2.html#all Current Collected subjects (2001-)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#wsclock Working Set, LRU, WSClock Page Replacement Algorithm
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare Performance and/or Scheduling
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hsdt HSDT and/or HYPERChannel
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#mmap Memory Map
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone APL and/or HONE
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#8 Computer of the century
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#63 Mainframe operating systems
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#86 Ux's good points.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#32 20th March 2000
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#50 VM (not VMS or Virtual Machine, the IBM sort)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#51 VM (not VMS or Virtual Machine, the IBM sort)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#52 VM (not VMS or Virtual Machine, the IBM sort)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#61 VM (not VMS or Virtual Machine, the IBM sort)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#62 VM (not VMS or Virtual Machine, the IBM sort)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#92 Question regarding authentication implementation
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#8 IBM Linux
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#46 Does the word "mainframe" still have a meaning?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#50 Does the word "mainframe" still have a meaning?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#68 Does the word "mainframe" still have a meaning?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#76 Is a VAX a mainframe?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#41 TCP/IP Suite of Protocols - dumb question ...
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#15 Why trust root CAs ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#78 TSS ancient history, was X86 ultimate CISC? designs)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#3 virtualizable 360, was TSS ancient history
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#33 does CA need the proof of acceptance of key binding ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#34 Competitors to SABRE?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#49 Options for Delivering Mainframe Reports to Outside Organizat ions
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#72 Z/90, S/390, 370/ESA (slightly off topic)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#8 Server authentication
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#79 Q: ANSI X9.68 certificate format standard
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#42 IBM was/is: Imitation...
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#67 Pentium 4 Prefetch engine?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#5 SIMTICS
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#57 line length (was Re: Babble from "JD" <dyson@jdyson.com>)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#61 Estimate JCL overhead
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#71 line length (was Re: Babble from "JD" <dyson@jdyson.com>)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#5 Emulation (was Re: Object code (was: Source code - couldn't resist compiling it :-))
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#17 Accounting systems ... still in use? (Do we still share?)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#23 MERT Operating System & Microkernels
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#79 FREE X.509 Certificates
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#22 Golden Era of Compilers
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#29 any 70's era supercomputers that ran as slow as today's  supercomputers?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#2 Alpha:  an invitation to communicate
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#16 D
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#24 "Hollerith" card code to EBCDIC conversion
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#33 D
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#1 History of Microsoft Word (and wordprocessing in general)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#33 Big black helicopters
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#24 HP Compaq merger, here we go again.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#14 mainframe question
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#24 mainframe question
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#23 Smallest Storage Capacity Hard Disk?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#38 CMS under MVS
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#43 FA: Early IBM Software and Reference Manuals
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#52 Author seeks help - net in 1981
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#11 OCO
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#16 Movies with source code (was Re: Movies with DEC minis)

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes
Newsgroups: alt.sys.pdp10,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 09 Dec 2001 20:57:17 GMT

Tim Shoppa writes:

Actually, I blame it on the OSI Reference Model.  Some folks
saw it in a class or at some conference, got the idea that using
it actually resulted in a workable system, and then billions of
dollars and thousands of man-years later we end up with DECNET Phase
V, which no human being actually knows how to use.  I've tried, but
the manuals seem so disconnected from what I want to do that I've
never made any progress outside a little cheat-sheet that
translates NCP commands into NCL syntax.

To me, the OSI Reference Model is relegated to
the same part of the mind where bogosort lives, i.e. something
so bletcherously inept that it only serves as an example of what
not to do.

that is sort of what the reference news articles said ... osi.

at the time some things that people listed as osi issues

1) '50s telco copper thot, high error rates, and effectively little or
no computerized operations, no FEC, etc.

2) contrasted to ietf ... iso/osi didn't require working interoperable
implementations ... people could conjecture nearly anything for a
standard

3) numerous people stating that all 7 layers had to be implemented as
spec'ed along with all the inter-layer interfaces.

by the mid-80s ... with wide-spread deployment of LANs appearing
... OSI was already out of date. The standard LAN model effectively
collapsed levels 1, 2, and a part of 3 (networking) all into a single
entity. LANs didn't implement all of the OSI network layer ... but
implemented a part so the interface didn't correspond to the OSI spec
layering (i.e. placing a MAC address on a packet and sending it on the
wire was lower than the layer 3/4 interface ... but above the layer
2/3 interface).

ANSI x3s3 was the US standards body for network/transport (level 3/4)
protocols. There was some battling with regard to high speed protocol
... because there there was a large contingent that observed the
"rule" that a protocol work item couldn't be proposed that didn't
correspond to the OSI model.

random refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hsdt
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#xtphsp

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Unpacking my 15-year old office boxes generates memory refreshes
Newsgroups: alt.sys.pdp10,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 09 Dec 2001 21:09:59 GMT

Tim Shoppa writes:

Yeah, I just looked, and one of my rants from a couple years ago
was included among your references :-).  My yearly visit to the
department of redundancy department!

does this mean that after some time ... folklore postings can just be
abbreviated to date/time of previous posting ... sort of a posting
analogy to huffman encoding (just reference the appropriate dictionary
entry).

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Open Architectures ?

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Open Architectures ?
Newsgroups: comp.arch
Date: Sun, 09 Dec 2001 21:05:31 GMT

nmm1@cus.cam.ac.uk (Nick Maclaren) writes:

It could have been IBM :-)

the interested party was some branch of the gov.

ibm spent less than $10m researching the problem (solution?) before
deciding that it wasn't practical.

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

FreeBSD more secure than Linux

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: FreeBSD more secure than Linux
Newsgroups: comp.security.unix
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 17:05:34 GMT

nmm1@cus.cam.ac.uk (Nick Maclaren) writes:

That is correct, and experience is that systems based on Unix have
a LOT of design flaws that lead to insecurity.  Not as many as those
produced by a certain Redmond company, but still ....

doing vulnerability analysis as part of the early ha/cmp work ... we
evaluated that c-language convention of implicit lengths would
increase occurance of buffer & other overflow problems by possibly one
to two orders of magnitude compared to many non-C environments (wasn't
just unix problem).

misc. ha/cmp refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

random buffer overflow refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#98 Early interupts on mainframes
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#163 IBM Assembler 101
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#219 Study says buffer overflow is most common security bug
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/ansiepay.htm#theory Security breach raises questions about Internet shopping
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#25 Computer of the century
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#30 Computer of the century
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#87 Ux's good points.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#22 ooh, a real flamewar :)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#50 Egghead cracked, MS IIS again
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#66 KI-10 vs. IBM at Rutgers
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#58 Very CISC Instuctions (Was: why the machine word size ...)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#52 misc loosely-coupled, sysplex, cluster, supercomputer, & electronic commerce
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#43 Why is UNIX semi-immune to viral infection?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#27 Internet like city w/o traffic rules, traffic signs, traffic lights and traffic enforcement

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 18:31:31 GMT

rhawkins@SINGNET.COM.SG (Ron & Jenny Hawkins) writes:

Even producing documents - you can't ever get me to believe that Script/VS
can be anywhere near as productive as Word. Did you ever try presenting a
capacity plan using 12 point courier font for everything?

i think that the script change font stuff for 3800 and 6670 (something
like ibm copier-3 with computer interface) in the 70s ... started off
based on the original 2741 change type-ball support from script in the
60s (now you were somewhat stuck with mono-font if you are talking
1403 & 3211 printers from the 60s and early 70s)

gml and script were done at the cambridge science center in the 60s
(same place did cp/67, vm/370, cms, lots of the early performance
predictor, scheduling, and early work for transition from performance
tuning to capacity planning, internal network, basis for the field
HONE system, editors, smp compare&swap instruction, basis for today's
LPARs, lot of the early ibm virtual memory work, etc).

random 6670, script. gml refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#43 Bloat, elegance, simplicity and other irrelevant concepts
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#55 How Do the Old Mainframes Compare to Today's Micros?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#24 old manuals
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/97.html#9 HELP! Chronology of word-processing
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/97.html#26 IA64 Self Virtualizable?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#16 S/360 operating systems geneaology
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#21 Reviving the OS/360 thread (Questions about OS/360)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#42 Enter fonts (was Re: Unix case-sensitivity: how did it originate?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#43 Enter fonts (was Re: Unix case-sensitivity: how did it originate?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#52 Enter fonts (was Re: Unix case-sensitivity: how did it originate?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#91 Documentation query
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#197 Computing As She Really Is. Was: Re: Life-Advancing Work of Timothy Berners-Lee
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#8 Computer of the century
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#34 IBM 360 Manuals on line ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#29 20th March 2000
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#30 internal corporate network, misc.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#30 Secure Operating Systems
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#81 Coloured IBM DASD
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#0 What good and old text formatter are there ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#1 What good and old text formatter are there ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#23 Is Tim Berners-Lee the inventor of the web?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#50 IBM 705 computer manual
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#88 Unix hard links
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#42 IBM was/is: Imitation...
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#73 CS instruction, when introducted ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#5 New IBM history book out
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#54 DSRunoff; was Re: TECO Critique
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#9 VM: checking some myths.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#34 D
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#46 Whom Do Programmers Admire Now???
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#1 History of Microsoft Word (and wordprocessing in general)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#39 IBM OS Timeline?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#16 Disappointed
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#20 mainframe question
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#24 mainframe question
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#43 FA: Early IBM Software and Reference Manuals

misc. cambridge refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech

misc. hone refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone

misc. smp refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp

misc. virtual memory refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#wsclock

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 18:37:04 GMT

Anne & Lynn Wheeler writes:

gml and script were done at the cambridge science center in the 60s
(same place did cp/67, vm/370, cms, lots of the early performance
predictor, scheduling, and early work for transition from performance
tuning to capacity planning, internal network, basis for the field
HONE system, editors, smp compare&swap instruction, basis for today's
LPARs, lot of the early ibm virtual memory work, etc).

which isn't bad for an organization that avg. around 35 people with
part of the 4th floor at 545 tech. sq (& samll machine room on part of
the 2nd floor).

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

FreeBSD more secure than Linux

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: FreeBSD more secure than Linux
Newsgroups: comp.security.unix
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 20:26:30 GMT

nmm1@cus.cam.ac.uk (Nick Maclaren) writes:

That is true, and your estimates have been vindicated by experimental
evidence :-)

But that refers primarily to single-component bugs, and I was talking
more about the logical ones introduced because the system has no
proper security design.  MVS has/had its share of those, too :-)

mvs (and others) have had a much smaller percentage and they tended to
be system failure problems (dos, ilk) ... not security vulnerabilities
... it wasn't until you got to unix that you started seeing them
showing up as vulnerabilities (rather than failures) ... which would
somewhat go along with proper security design ... aka the application
is compromised which is then used to infect the system.

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 22:32:11 GMT

SEYMOUR.J.METZ@CUSTOMS.TREAS.GOV (Shmuel  Metz , Seymour J.) writes:

The problem is not that there is a GUI; the problem is that the API and
GIUI are poorly designed. There is no reason in principle that you could
not have a decent GUI with a good API. If IBM et al had carried through on
OpenDoc we might have had those by now.

part of it may be the extreme side-track (along with corporate focus
and resources) that was taken for SAA which spent a lot of time trying
to enable(?) applications so that they could run anywhere of your
choosing ... however a lot of SAA actually consisted of trying to do
get mainframe versions of popular PC applications (anybody remember
lotus 123 spreadsheet running on ibm mainframe?).

random refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#16 middle layer
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#17 middle layer
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#50 Edsger Dijkstra: the blackest week of his professional life
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#123 Speaking of USB ( was Re: ASR 33 Typing Element)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#124 Speaking of USB ( was Re: ASR 33 Typing Element)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#202 Middleware - where did that come from?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#42 IBM's Workplace OS (Was: .. Pink)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#45 IBM's Workplace OS (Was: .. Pink)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#49 Options for Delivering Mainframe Reports to Outside Organizat ions
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#69 Block oriented I/O over IP
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#16 OT - Internet Explorer V6.0
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#20 OT - Internet Explorer V6.0
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#18 HP-UX will not be ported to Alpha (no surprise)exit
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#19 HP Compaq merger, here we go again.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#17 mainframe question
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#15 departmental servers
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#23 Alpha vs. Itanic:  facts vs. FUD

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

cc SMP

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: cc SMP
Newsgroups: comp.arch
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 22:41:27 GMT

Ketil Z Malde writes:

Hello,

I must admit to skipping lightly over quite a bit of the cache
coherency (or not) discussion, but have anybody looked at Larry
McVoy's proposal for what he calls cc SMP?  Comments?

wasn't convex trying to do some of this using MACH on exemplar (SCI
memory similar to DG's & Sequent's ... except with HP chips)? ...
reconfigure with combinations of closely-coupled partitioned or
tightly-coupled SMP.

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Movies with source code (was Re: Movies with DEC minis)

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Movies with source code (was Re: Movies with DEC minis)
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 05:10:48 GMT

gcash writes:

And to bring this right back to AFC, shouldn't all the old SGML folks be
jumping up and down saying "I told you so!!" since both HTML & XML are
descendents of SGML?

which is descendent of GML

"G", "M", & "L" had offices down the hall (4th floor, 545 tech sq) aka
GML was selected because it is the last name initials of the three
people that worked on it (30-odd years ago)

CERN was a big VM/CMS, GML, etc installation ... prior to there being
a SGML & for over 15 years before there was an HTML.

random refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#11 REXX
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#43 Bloat, elegance, simplicity and other irrelevant concepts
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#55 How Do the Old Mainframes Compare to Today's Micros?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#24 old manuals
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/97.html#9 HELP! Chronology of word-processing
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/97.html#10 HELP! Chronology of word-processing
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/97.html#26 IA64 Self Virtualizable?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#16 S/360 operating systems geneaology
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#21 Reviving the OS/360 thread (Questions about OS/360)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#42 Enter fonts (was Re: Unix case-sensitivity: how did it originate?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#43 Enter fonts (was Re: Unix case-sensitivity: how did it originate?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#52 Enter fonts (was Re: Unix case-sensitivity: how did it originate?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#91 Documentation query
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#197 Computing As She Really Is. Was: Re: Life-Advancing Work of Timothy Berners-Lee
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#8 Computer of the century
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#34 IBM 360 Manuals on line ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#82 Ux's good points.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#32 20th March 2000
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#30 internal corporate network, misc.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#30 Secure Operating Systems
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#0 What good and old text formatter are there ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#1 What good and old text formatter are there ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#23 Is Tim Berners-Lee the inventor of the web?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#61 360 Architecture, Multics, ... was (Re: X86 ultimate CISC? No.)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#50 IBM 705 computer manual
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#88 Unix hard links
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#42 IBM was/is: Imitation...
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#73 CS instruction, when introducted ?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#49 any 70's era supercomputers that ran as slow as today's supercompu
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#24 XML: No More CICS?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#54 DSRunoff; was Re: TECO Critique
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#9 VM: checking some myths.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#19 checking some myths.
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#34 D
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#46 Whom Do Programmers Admire Now???
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#1 History of Microsoft Word (and wordprocessing in general)
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#7 YKYGOW...
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#39 IBM OS Timeline?
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#16 Disappointed
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#20 mainframe question
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#24 mainframe question
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#43 FA: Early IBM Software and Reference Manuals
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#31 Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 16:45:14 GMT

zberger@KNOLOGY.NET (Joe Zitzelberger) writes:

TSO sucks.  There is no simpler way to describe it.  Compared to any
shell, even MS-DOS, TSO is the lamest thing on the block.  I will give
it points for being first, but IBM could have added a feature or two in
the last 30 years to keep it current.

CMS (for vm/370) started '65 (at cambridge science center) ... by some
people who had worked on CTSS even earlier. GML was also a product of
the same science center (4th floor, 545 tech sq) and also predates
TSO. GML spawned SGML and then HTML (at CERN), XML, etc.

CERN was a long time CMS (& gml) user. There is the infamous 1974 CERN
TSO/CMS comparison study that was made available at SHARE ... but
copies inside IBM were labeled Confidential, Restricted
(i.e. available on a need to know basis only).

There is also some lore that the original MS-DOS filesystem was a
stripped down, simplified CMS filesystem (although preserving some of
the same conventions).

Even within stricly OS-world there were a number of CRJE type
implementations many of them better done than TSO ... I even did a
hack as an undergraduate ... implementing CMS editor syntax in HASP on
a MVTR18 base with 2741 & ASCII TTY support (predating TSO).

random refs:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#1
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#32
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#36
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

Computer Typesetting Was: Movies with source code

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Computer Typesetting Was: Movies with source code
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2001 16:31:34 GMT

jsavard@ecn.aSBLOKb.caNADA.invalid (John Savard) writes:

Good thing you never bumped into a System/360 Model 195 in a dark
alley.

or ever hit the lamp test switch

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler   | lynn@garlic.com -  http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/

195 was: Computer Typesetting Was: Movies with source code

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: 195 was: Computer Typesetting Was: Movies with source code
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers,bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2001 19:43:15 GMT

jsavard@ecn.aSBLOKb.caNADA.invalid (John Savard) writes:

Good thing you never bumped into a System/360 Model 195 in a dark
alley.

san jose research had a 195 during the 70s that they ran somewhat as
an internal service bureau. palo alto science center had an
application that they would run on the SJR 195 ... but the queue for
hr+ runs was so long that the turn-around time was 3 months elapsed
time.

pasc had a 145 that was around 1/30th the 195 peak thruput ... so they
eventually discovered that running the application on the 145 (in
background since it was pretty heavily loaded first shift with
interactive workload) that they would get slightly better turn-around
than on the 195. I would guess that application was one of the reasons
that randy did the fortan q/hx optimization work (he was also
responsible for the 145 apl microcode assist).

another application that was trying to get turn-around on the sjr 195
was the 3380 thin-film (floating) head "air-bearing" simulation
(designing the head so would reliably float).

we had done some work on i/o supervisors for the bldg. (eingeering) 14
& (product test) 15 machine so that they could run an operating system
on machines used for (multiple) disk test cell operations (MVS
mean-time to failure just operating a single test cell was on the
order of 15 mintues).

random ref:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk

bldg. 14 & 15 machine rooms tended to get the 3rd or 4th processor of
a new machine (the processor engineers would get the first couple
... and then the disk & controller engineers would get the next couple
... so disk/controller operation can be tested and
certified). Bldg. 15 got a 4341 before any of the software groups:

random ref:
http://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#0

Bldg. 15 also got one of the first 3033s. Even with multiple test
cells operating, cpu utilization (with the above reference operating
system work) rarely hit one or two percent. So as a public service, we
would arrainge for some of our friends to run selected applications on
these otherwise idle (from cpu perspective) hardware test machines.
One of these to get special consideration was the air-bearing
simulation program. 3033 had possible 1/2 the 195 peak thruput (so a
highly optimized 195 program would take twice as long on 3033). Note
however, very few programs and applications actually would hit 195
peak thruput (195 pipeline was easily stalled/drained) ... and so
nominal 195 thruput was actually much closer to